2018年北京高考英语试卷及答案

绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（北京卷）（考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：120分）考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：It’ssonicetohearfromheragain._________,welastmetmorethanthirtyyearsago.A.What’smore B.That’stosayC.Inotherwords D.Believeitornot答案是D。1.—Hi,I’mPeter.Areyounewhere?Ihaven’tseenyouaround?—Hello,Peter.I’mBob.Ijust_________onMonday.A.start B.havestarted C.started D.hadstarted2._________wedon’tstopclimatechange,manyanimalsandplantsintheworldwillbegone.A.Although B.While C.If D.Until3._________alongtheoldSilkRoadisaninterestingandrewardingexperienceA.Travel B.Traveling C.Havingtraveled D.Traveled4.Susanhadquitherwellpaidjoband_________asavolunteerintheneighborhoodwhenIvisitedherlastyear.A.isworking B.wasworking C.hasworked D.hadworked5.Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,_________helpsthemkeepfit.A.which B.who C.as D.that6.DuringtheMidAutumnFestival,familymembersoftengathertogether_________ameal,admirethemoonandenjoymooncakes.A.share B.toshare C.havingshared D.shared7.China’shighspeedrailways_________from9,000to25,000kilometersinthepastfewyears.A.aregrowing B.havegrown C.willgrow D.hadgrown8.Inanyunsafesituation,simply_________thebuttonandahighlytrainedagentwillgetyouthehelpyouneed.A.press B.topress C.pressing D.pressed9.Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho_________inthemountainsfortwodays.A.aretrapping B.havebeentrapped C.weretrapping D.hadbeentrapped10.Ordinarysoap,_________correctly,candealwithbacteriaeffectively.A.used B.touse C.using D.use11.Withouthissupport,wewouldn’tbe_________wearenow.A.how B.when C.where D.why12.Intoday’sinformationage,thelossofdata_________causeseriousproblemsforapany.A.need B.should C.can D.must13.Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey_________afewmorekilometers.A.drove B.woulddrive C.weretodrive D.haddriven14.—Goodmorning,Mr.Lee’soffice.—Goodmorning.I’dliketomakeanappointment_________nextWednesdayafternoon.A.for B.on C.in D.at15.Thisis_________myfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.A.how B.which C.that D.what第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。TheHomelessHeroFormany,findinganunattendedwalletfilledwith£400incashwouldbeasource（来源）oftemptation（诱惑）.Butthe16wouldnodoubtbegreaterifyouwerelivingonthestreetswithlittlefoodandmoney.AllofthismakestheactionsofthehomelessTomSmith17moreremarkable.Afterspottinga18onthefrontseatinsideaparkedcarwithitswindowdown,hestoodguardintherainforabouttwohourswaitingforthe19toreturn.Afterhoursinthecoldandwet,he20insideandpulledthewalletouthopingtofindsomeIDsohecouldcontact（联系）thedriver,onlyto21itcontained£400innotes,withanother£50insparechangebesideit.Hethentookthewallettoanearbypolicestationafter22anotebehindtolettheownerknowitwassafe.Whenthecar’sownerJohnAndersonandhiscolleagueCarolLawrencereturnedtothecar—whichwasitselfworth£35,000—inGlasgowcitycentre,theywere23tofindtwopolicemenstandingnexttoit.ThepolicementoldthemwhatMr.Smithdidandthatthewalletwas24.ThepairwerelaterabletothankMr.Smithforhis25.Mr.Andersonsaid：＂Icouldn’tbelievethattheguynevertookapenny.Tothinkheissleepingonthestreetstonight26hecouldhavestolenthemoneyandpaidforaplacetostayin.Thisguyhasnothingand27hedidn’ttakethewalletforhimself；hethoughtaboutothers28.It’sunbelievable.Itjustprovesthereare29guysoutthere.＂Mr.Smith’sact30muchofthepublic’sattention.HealsowonpraisefromsocialmediausersafterMr.Anderson31abouttheactofkindnessonFacebook.NowMr.Andersonhassetupanonlinecampaignto32moneyforMr.Smithandotherhomelesspeopleinthearea,whichbyyesterdayhadreceived￡8,000.＂Ithinkthefaiththateveryonehasshown33himhastouchedhim.Peoplehavebeenapproachinghiminthestreet;he’shadjob34andallsorts,＂Mr.Andersonmented.ForMr.Smith,thisisapossiblelifechanging35.Thestoryonceagaintellsusthatonegoodturndeservesanother.16.A.hope B.aim C.urge D.effort17.A.still B.even C.ever D.once18.A.wallet B.bag C.box D.parcel19.A.partner B.colleague C.owner D.policeman20.A.turned B.hid C.stepped D.reached21.A.discover B.collect C.check D.believe22.A.taking B.leaving C.reading D.writing23.A.satisfied B.excited C.amused D.shocked24.A.safe B.missing C.found D.seen25.A.service B.support C.kindness D.encouragement26.A.when B.if C.where D.because27.A.rather B.yet C.already D.just28.A.too B.though C.again D.instead29.A.honest B.polite C.rich D.generous30.A.gave B.paid C.cast D.drew31.A.learned B.posted C.cared D.heard32.A.borrow B.raise C.save D.earn33.A.of B.at C.for D.in34.A.details B.changes C.offers D.applications35.A.lesson B.adventure C.chance D.challenge第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，40分)第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AMyFirstMarathon（马拉松）Amonthbeforemyfirstmarathon,oneofmyankleswasinjuredandthismeantnotrunningfortwoweeks,leavingmeonlytwoweekstotrain.Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoahead.Irememberbacktomy7thyearinschool.InmyfirstP.E.class,theteacherrequiredustorunlapsandthenhitasoftball.Ididn’tdoeitherwell.HelaterinformedmethatIwas＂notathletic＂.TheideathatIwas＂notathletic＂stuckwithmeforyears.WhenIstartedrunninginmy30s,Irealizedrunningwasabattleagainstmyself,notaboutpetitionorwhetherornotIwasathletic.Itwasallaboutthebattleagainstmyownbodyandmind.Atestofwills!Thenightbeforemymarathon,IdreamtthatIcouldn’tevenfindthefinishline.Iwokeupsweatingandnervous,butreadytoprovesomethingtomyself.Shortlyaftercrossingthestartline,myshoelaces(鞋带)becameuntied.SoIstoppedtoreadjust.NotthestartIwanted!Atmile3,Ipassedasign:＂GOFORIT,RUNNERS!＂Bymile17,Ibecameoutofbreathandtheonceinjuredanklehurtbadly.Despitethepain,Istayedthecoursewalkingabitandthenrunningagain.Bymile21,Iwasstarving!AsIapproachedmile23,Icouldseemywifewavingasign.Sheismybiggestfan.Shenevermindedthealarmclocksoundingat4a.m.orquestionedmyexpensesonrunning.Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!AndIgotamedal.Infact,Igotthesamemedalastheonethattheguywhocameinfirstplacehad.zxxkDeterminedtobemyself,moveforward,freeofshameandworldlylabels(世俗标签),Icannowcallmyselfa＂marathonwinner＂.36.

A

month

before

the

marathon,

the

author____________.A.

was

well

trained B.

felt

scaredC.

made

up

his

mind

to

run D.

lost

hope37.

Why

did

the

author

mention

the

P.E.

class

in

his

7th

year?A.

To

acknowledge

the

support

of

his

teacher.B.

To

amuse

the

readers

with

a

funny

story.C.

To

show

he

was

not

talented

in

sports.D.

To

share

a

precious

memory.38.

How

was

the

author’s

first

marathon?A.

He

made

it. B.

He

quit

halfway.C.

He

got

the

first

prize. D.

He

walked

to

the

end.39.

What

does

the

story

mainly

tell

us?A.

A

man

owes

his

success

to

his

family

support.B.

A

winner

is

one

with

a

great

effort

of

will.C.

Failure

is

the

mother

of

success.D.

One

is

never

too

old

to

learn.BFindYourAdventureattheSpaceandAviation(航空)CenterIfyou’relookingforauniqueadventure,theSpaceandAviationCenter(SAC)istheplacetobe.TheCenteroffersprogramsdesignedtochallengeandinspirewithhandsontasksandlotsoffun.Morethan750,000havegraduatedfromSAC,withmanyseekingemploymentinengineering,aviation,education,medicineandawidevarietyofotherprofessions.Theyetocamp,wantingtoknowwhatitisliketobeanastronautorapilot,andtheyleavewithrealworldapplicationsforwhatthey’restudyingintheclassroom.Forthetrainees,theprogramsalsoofferagreatwaytoearnmeritbadges(荣誉徽章).AtSpaceCamp,traineescanearntheirSpaceExplorationbadgeastheybuildandfiremodelrockets,learnaboutspacetasksandtrysimulated(模拟)flyingtospacewiththecrewfromallovertheworld.TheAviationChallengeprogramgivestraineesthechancetoearntheirAviationbadge.Theylearntheprinciplesofflightandtesttheiroperatingskillsinthecockpit(驾驶舱)ofavarietyofflightsimulators.TraineesalsogetagoodstartontheirWildernessSurvivalbadgeastheylearnaboutwaterandlandsurvivalthroughdesignedtasksandtheirsearchandrescueof＂downed＂pilot.Withalltheprograms,teamworkiskeyastraineeslearntheimportanceofleadershipandbeingpartofabiggertask.zxx.kAllthisfunisavailableforages9to18.Familiescanenjoytheexperiencetogether,too,withFamilyCampprogramsforfamilieswithchildrenasyoungas7.Stayanhourorstayaweek—thereissomethinghereforeveryone!Formoredetails,pleasevisitusonlineat.40.WhydopeopleetoSAC?A.Toexperienceadventures.B.Tolookforjobsinaviation.C.Togetadegreeinengineering.D.Tolearnmoreaboutmedicine.41.ToearnaSpaceExplorationbadge,atraineeneedsto.A.flytospaceB.getanAviationbadgefirstC.studytheprinciplesofflightD.buildandfiremodelrockets42.Whatisthemostimportantfortrainees?A.Leadership. B.Teamspirit.C.Taskplanning. D.Survivalskills.CPlasticEatingWormsHumansproducemorethan300milliontonsofplasticeveryyear.Almosthalfofthatwindsupinlandfills(垃圾填埋场),andupto12milliontonspollutetheoceans.Sofarthereisnoeffectivewaytogetridofit,butanewstudysuggestsananswermaylieinthestomachsofsomehungryworms.ResearchersinSpainandEnglandrecentlyfoundthatthewormsofthegreaterwaxmothcanbreakdownpolyethylene,whichaccountsfor40%ofplastics.Theteamleft100waxwormsonamercialpolyethyleneshoppingbagfor12hours,andthewormsconsumedandbrokedownabout92milligrams,oralmost3%ofit.Toconfirmthattheworms’chewingalonewasnotresponsibleforthepolyethylenebreakdown,theresearchersmadesomewormsintopaste(糊状物)andappliedittoplasticfilms.14hourslaterthefilmshadlost13%oftheirmass—apparentlybrokendownbyenzymes(酶)fromtheworms’stomachs.TheirfindingswerepublishedinCurrentBiologyin2017.FedericaBertocchini,coauthorofthestudy,saystheworms’abilitytobreakdowntheireverydayfood—beeswax—alsoallowsthemtobreakdownplastic.＂Waxisaplexmixture,butthebasicbondinpolyethylene,thecarboncarbonbond,isthereaswell,＂sheexplains,＂Thewaxwormevolvedamethodorsystemtobreakthisbond.＂JenniferDeBruyn,amicrobiologistattheUniversityofTennessee,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,saysitisnotsurprisingthatsuchwormscanbreakdownpolyethylene.Butparedwithpreviousstudies,shefindsthespeedofbreakingdowninthisoneexciting.Thenextstep,DeBruynsays,willbetoidentifythecauseofthebreakdown.Isitanenzymeproducedbythewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes(肠道微生物)?Bertocchiniagreesandhopesherteam’sfindingsmightonedayhelpemploytheenzymetobreakdownplasticsinlandfills.Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply＂millionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic.＂43.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewormsinthestudy?A.Theytakeplasticsastheireverydayfood.B.Theyarenewlyevolvedcreatures.C.Theycanconsumeplastics.D.Theywindupinlandfills.44.AccordingtoJenniferDeBruyn,thenextstepofthestudyisto.A.identifyothermeansofthebreakdownB.findoutthesourceoftheenzymeC.confirmtheresearchfindingsD.increasethebreakdownspeed45.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatthechemicalmight.A.helptoraisewormsB.helpmakeplasticbagsC.beusedtocleantheoceansD.beproducedinfactoriesinfuture46.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplainastudymethodonworms.B.Tointroducethedietofaspecialworm.C.Topresentawaytobreakdownplastics.D.Toproposenewmeanstokeepecobalance.DPreparingCitiesforRobotCarsThepossibilityofselfdrivingrobotcarshasoftenseemedlikeafuturist’sdream,yearsawayfrommaterializingintherealworld.Well,thefutureisapparentlynow.TheCaliforniaDepartmentofMotorVehiclesbegangivingpermitsinAprilforpaniestotesttrulyselfdrivingcarsonpublicroads.Thestatealsoclearedthewayforpaniestosellorrentoutselfdrivingcars,andforpaniestooperatedriverlesstaxiservices.California,itshouldbenoted,isn’tleadingthewayhere.panieshavebeentestingtheirvehiclesincitiesacrossthecountry.It’shardtopredictwhendriverlesscarswillbeeverywhereonourroads.Buthoweverlongittakes,thetechnologyhasthepotentialtochangeourtransportationsystemsandourcities,forbetterorforworse,dependingonhowthetransformationisregulated.Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafetyofdriverlesscars(andrightfullyso),policymakersalsoshouldbetalkingabouthowselfdrivingvehiclescanhelpreducetrafficjams,cutemissions(排放)andoffermoreconvenient,affordablemobilityoptions.Thearrivalofdriverlessvehiclesisachancetomakesurethatthosevehiclesareenvironmentallyfriendlyandmoreshared.Dowewanttocopy—orevenworsen—thetrafficoftodaywithdriverlesscars?Imagineafuturewheremostadultsownindividualselfdrivingvehicles.Theytoleratelong,slowjourneystoandfromworkonpackedhighwaysbecausetheycanwork,entertainthemselvesorsleepontheride,whichencouragesurbanspread.Theytaketheirdriverlesscartoanappointmentandsettheemptyvehicletocirclethebuildingtoavoidpayingforparking.Insteadofwalkingafewblockstopickupachildorthedrycleaning,theysendtheselfdrivingminibus.Theconvenienceevenleadsfewerpeopletotakepublictransport—anunwelesideeffectresearchershavealreadyfoundinridehailing(叫车)services.AstudyfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavissuggestedthatreplacingpetrolpoweredprivatecarsworldwidewithelectric,selfdrivingandsharedsystemscouldreducecarbonemissionsfromtransportation80%andcutthecostoftransportationinfrastructure(基础设施)andoperations40%by2050.Feweremissionsandcheapertravelsoundprettyappealing.Thefirstmerciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainlybefieldedbyridehailingservices,consideringthecostofselfdrivingtechnologyaswellasliabilityandmaintenanceissues(责任与维护问题).Butdriverlesscarownershipcouldincreaseasthepricesdropandmorepeoplebeefortablewiththetechnology.zxxkPolicymakersshouldstartthinkingnowabouthowtomakesuretheappearanceofdriverlessvehiclesdoesn’textendtheworstaspectsofthecarcontrolledtransportationsystemwehavetoday.Theingtechnologicaladvancementpresentsachanceforcitiesandstatestodeveloptransportationsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.Thecarofthefutureising.Wejusthavetoplanforit.47.Accordingtotheauthor,attentionshouldbepaidtohowdriverlesscarscan__________.A.helpdealwithtransportationrelatedproblemsB.providebetterservicestocustomersC.causedamagetoourenvironmentD.makesomepeoplelosejobs48.Asfordriverlesscars,whatistheauthor’smajorconcern?A.Safety. B.Sideeffects.C.Affordability. D.Management.49.Whatdoestheunderlinedword＂fielded＂inParagraph4probablymean?A.Employed. B.Replaced.C.Shared. D.Reduced.50.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothefutureofselfdrivingcars?A.Doubtful. B.Positive.C.Disapproving. D.Sympathetic.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhyDoWeGetAngry?Angerseemssimplewhenwearefeelingit,butthecausesofangerarevarious.Knowingthesecausescanmakeusexamineourbehavior,andcorrectbadhabits.Themainreasonswegetangryaretriggering（触发）events,personalitytraits（特征）,andourassessmentofsituations.51Triggeringeventsforangeraresomanythattodescribethemallwouldtakehundredsofpages.However,herearesomeexamples:beingcutoffintraffic,adeadlineapproaching,experiencingphysicalpain,andmuchmore.____52____Thereasonwhysomeoneistriggeredbysomethingandothersarenotisoftenduetoone’spersonalhistoryandpsychologicaltraits.Eachperson,nomatterwhotheyare,haspsychologicalimbalances.Peoplewhohavepersonalitytraitsthatconnectwithpetitivenessandlowupsettolerancearemuchmorelikelytogetangry.53Also,sometimespreangerdoesnothavetodowithalastingcondition,butratheratemporarystatebeforeatriggeringeventhasoccurred.54Sometimesevenroutineoccurrencesbeesourcesofpreanger,orangeritself.Sometimesignoranceandnegative(消极的)outlooksonsituationscancreateanger.55However,angercaneasilyturnviolent,anditisbesttoknowthereasonsforangertoappearinordertopreventitspresence.Withthesemainreasonsinmind,wecanevaluateourlevelofangerthroughoutthedayandpreventcasesofoutburstsbyprehendingthereasonsforourfeelings.A.Ourattitudeandviewpointonsituationscancreateangerwithinusaswell.B.Butsometypesofsituationscanhelpustogetridoftheoccurrenceofanger.C.Angerisrarelylookeduponasabeneficialcharactertrait,andisusuallyadvisedtoreduceit.D.Angerisaparticularlystrongfeelingandmaybepeoplethinkthattheyhavereasonstofeelangry.E.Havingthesepersonalitytraitsimpliesthepreangerstate,whereangerisinthebackgroundofyourmind.F.Understandingthesereasonswillcontrolourownangerifwearewillingtoevaluateourselveswithacriticaleye.G.Noteveryoneactsthesameinresponsetoevents,andthatiswhywhattriggersonepersonmayormaynottriggeranother.第三部分：书面表达(共两节，35分)第一节(15分)假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国文化感兴趣，计划明年来北京上大学。他向你咨询相关信息。请给他回邮件，内容包括：1.表示欢迎；2.推荐他上哪所大学；3.建议他做哪些准备工作。注意：1.词数不少于50；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua(请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内)第二节(20分)假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述你们上周接待外国学生，带领他们体验中国茶文化的全过程。注意：词数不少于60。(请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内)2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）英语参考答案第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空1.C 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.A9.D 10.A 11.C 12.C 13.D 14.A 15.D第二节完形填空16.C 17.B 18.A 19.C 20.D 21.A 22.B 23.D 24.A 25.C 26.A 27.B 28.D 29.A 30. D 31.B 32.B 33.D 34.C 35.C第二部分阅读理解36.C 37.C 38.A 39.B 40.A 41.D 42.B 43.C 44.B 45.D 46.C 47.A 48.D 49.A 50.B 51.F 52.G 53.E 54.A 55.D第三部分书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节（15分）DearJim,I’msogladtohearyourfutureeducationplaninBeijinginyourlastletter.FirstIwouldliketoexpressmywarmestweletoyouandIamsureyouwillhavethemostunforgettableexperienceduringyourcollegeinBeijing.LearningyourkeeninterestinChineseculture,IsuggestyouapplyforPekingUniversity,oneofthebestuniversitiesinChina.ItsChineseLiteraturemajorisperfectforyouwhereyoucanbepletelysoakedinChineseprofoundhistoryandrichculture.Asforpreparation,somereadinginadvanceinneededlikeTheStoryoftheStonewhilesomeonlinecoursesofspokenChinesecanbehelpfulforyoutoadaptintotheChineselanguageenvironment.Isincerelyhopeyourdreamwilletrueandit’smypleasuretoshowyouaroundinBeijingwhenthatdayes.Ifyouhavefurtherquestions,pleasefeelfreetoletmeknow.Yours,LiHua第二节（20分）Lastweek,wetooktheforeignstudentsinourschooltoexperiencetheauthenticteaculture,whichturnedoutbetoextremelyrewarding.Onarrivingattheteahouse,theforeignstudentswereimpressedbytheuniqueteapotsandteacups.Igavethemavividandinformativeintroductionofteaculture,includingitsprofoundhistory,itsrichvariety,andtheexquisitecraftsmanshipofmakingteawiththeirinterestgreatlysparked,Ithenbegantoteachthemhowtomaketea.Inordertodeliveraclearpresentation,Islowlyexplainedthetraditionalprocedureofmakingteaindetail.Absorbedineverymoveofmine,theforeignstudentswereonceagainamazedbythisuniquecultureandtheycouldn’thelptakingpicturesfromtimetotime.NextcamethemomentwhenIaskedthemtohaveatrythemselves.Washingtheteapots,addingtealeaves,andpouringwaterintothecups,theyfollowedmyinstructionsandwerereallyimmersedincharmingteaculture.Theteahousewitnessedareallyenjoyabletimeforallofus.Attheendoftheactivity,holdingtheteabagsinourhands,wetookapicturetomemorizetheunforgettableday.Itsuddenlyhitmethattraditionalcultureliketeaculturewasofgreatcharmandhugevalue.AndIswelledwithpridetospreadourownculturetopeopleallovertheworld.答案及解析

一、单项填空

21.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意：——嗨，我是皮特。你是新来的吗？我之前没见过你。——嗨，皮特。我是鲍勃。我周一刚来。通过理解句意，根据语境判断句中的时间状语onMonday是一个过去的时间，所以此处用一般过去时，故答案为C。

【点评】考查动词的时态，理解语境，弄清时间状语即可确定答案。

22.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意：如果我们不阻止气候变化，世界上的许多动植物会消失。although虽然；while虽然；然而；if如果；until直到。根据句意可知此处表示假设，所以用if引导条件状语从句，故答案为C。

【点评】考查引导状语从句的连词辨析。通读句子，弄清前后句之间的逻辑关系，将连词代入句中，符合逻辑的即为正确答案。

23.【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意：沿着古丝绸之路旅行是一个有趣且很值得的经历。此处是句子的主语，所以动动名词travelling。动词原形、过去式和分词都不能作主语，故答案为B。

【点评】考查非谓语动词，注意能在句中作主语的只有动名词或不定式，动词的其他形式不能充当主语。

24.【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意：Susan已经辞去那份报酬丰厚的工作，去年我去看她的时候她正在社区当志愿者。句中的whenIvisitedherlastyear确定了过去的某一时间点，所以此处表示当时动作正在进行，所以用过去进行时。故答案为B。

【点评】考查动词的时态，注意寻找时间线索，根据语境中的暗示确定答案。

25.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：她和家人骑车去上班，这帮助他们保持健康。这是一个非限制性定语从句，空格处指代前面整个句子，所以用which引导非限制性定语从句，而且which在从句中作主语。who指人；that不引导定语从句；as通常翻译成“正如；就像”，所以此处可以排除，故答案为A。

【点评】考查引导定语从句的关系词，掌握定语从句的基本定义和关系词的基本用法即可判断正确答案。

26.【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意：在中秋节期间，家庭成员经常聚在一起共享大餐、赏月、吃月饼。此处表示目的，所以用动词不定式，故答案为B。

【点评】考查动词不定式在句中表示目的的用法。

27.【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意：中国的高铁在过去的今年中从9000千米增加到25000千米。inthepast/last+时间，是现在完成时的标志，故答案为B。

【点评】考查现在完成时，牢记现在完成时的标志词：since；for+时间段；already；ever；never；sofar；inthepast/last+时间。

28.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：在任何不安全的环境中，只按一下按钮，一个训练有素的工作人员就会带给你所需要的帮助。句型：祈使句+and/or+表将来的陈述句。所以此处是祈使句部分，所以用动词原形，故答案为A。

【点评】考查并列句的固定句型，牢记基本结构即可。

29.【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意：一个救援者冒着生命危险拯救了两个在山里被困了两天的游客。通过risked确定本句是过去的时态；for+时间段是完成时的标志，所以此处用过去完成时；而trap是及物动词，意思是“使受限制；困住”，此处应该用被动结构，故答案为D。

【点评】考查动词的时态和语态。注意通过时态的前后一致确定大致的时态，然后根据相关的时间状语和语境判断具体的时态和语态。

30.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：普通肥皂，正确使用的话，可以有效地杀灭细菌。此处是句子的状语，所以用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是soap，soap与use之间是被动关系，故答案为A。

【点评】考查分词作状语的用法。分词作状语时其逻辑主语是句子的主语，根据动词与逻辑主语之间的关系判断其形式。

31.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意：没有他的支持，我们不能到达现在的地步。此处是表语从句，how怎样；如何；when何时；where……的地方；何地；why为什么；根据句意可知指现在的处境，故答案为C。

【点评】考查名词性从句的引导词，理解句意，根据语境判断，注意句子的逻辑。

32.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意：在当今的信息时代，数据的丢失对于一家公司来说有时候会造成严重的问题。need需要；should应该；can可能；能够；must必须；一定。本句是对现在情况进行可能的推测，can用于肯定句中表示：“有时候会”；而must意思是“一定会”，根据常识可知丢失数据可能会造成严重的问题，也可能不会造成严重问题，所以用can在逻辑上更严谨，故答案为C。

【点评】考查情态动词表示推测的用法。can用于肯定句表示“有时候会”这一用法比较生僻，需要特别注意。

33.【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意：要是他们开车多走几公里的话，他们也许会找到一家更好的旅馆。本句是虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反的假设，主句用“mighthave+过去分词”，从句要用过去完成时，故答案为D。

【点评】考查虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法，牢记if条件句中虚拟语气的基本格式即可做出判断。

34.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：早上好，这是李先生的办公室。早上好，我想约下周三下午。短语：makeanappointmentfor为……预约。故答案为A。

【点评】考查介词辨析，熟记固定搭配。

35.【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意：这是我爸爸所教给我的——要直面困难心怀希望。这是表语从句，根据teachsbsth可知从句中缺少直接宾语，所以用what引导。how怎样；which哪一个；that无意义也补充当从句的成分，故答案为D。

【点评】考查表语从句中的引导词的用法，掌握名词性从句连词的基本使用规则：连接词that不作成分；连接代词如what在从句中作主语或宾语；连接副词像when、where、how在从句中作状语。

二、完形填空（36）C；（37）B；（38）A；（39）C；（40）D；（41）A；（42）B；（43）D；（44）A；（45）C；（46）A；（47）B；（48）D；（49）A；（50）D；（51）B；（52）B；（53）D；（54）C；（55）C；

【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了流浪汉拾金不昧的故事。某雨天，流浪汉看到一辆未关车窗的车内放有钱包，怕钱包被盗，在雨中等待车主两小时。苦等无果，便拿着钱包去警局寻失主。车主获知事件经过，将经历分享到脸谱网上，为该地区流浪汉筹钱，最后流浪汉得到了许多工作机会。

(36)

C句意：对很多人而言，找到一个装满400英镑现金且无人看管的钱包都会是种诱惑。而这种欲望对于无家可归、既没食物又没钱的人而言，无疑会更加强烈。A、hope希望；B、aim目标；C、urge强烈的欲望；D、effort努力。有空格前的the可知此处前文提到的temptation（诱惑），所以此处选择其近义词urge（强烈的欲望），故答案为C。

(37)

B句意：这一切使得无家可归的TomSmith的举动更为不同寻常，引人注目。A、still仍然；

B、even甚至；C、ever曾经；D、once曾经；此处修饰比较级，表示强调，故答案为B。

(38)

A句意：在发现了在一个没有关窗子的停着的汽车的前排座位上的钱包后，他站在雨中差不多两个小时守护着钱包等着主人归来。A、wallet钱包；B、bag包；C、box盒子；D、parcel包裹。根据第一句提到的anunattendedwalletfilledwith£400incash可知是钱包，故答案为A。

(39)

C句意：他站在雨中差不多两个小时守护着钱包等着主人归来。A、partner搭档；B、colleague同事；C、owner主人；D、policeman警察；守护着钱包，当然是等它的“owner”，故答案为C。

（40)

D句意：在寒冷的雨中几个小时后，他把手伸进车里拿出钱包，希望能找到身份证，这样他就可以联系司机了。A、turned转身；B、hid躲藏；C、stepped迈步；D、reached伸手。钱包在车的前排座位上，想要拿到当然需要“伸手”，故答案为D。

(41)

A句意：却发现里面有400英镑的钞票，旁边还有50英镑的零钱。A、discover发现；B、collect收集；C、check检查；核对；D、believe相信。打开钱包，“发现”里面有钱，故答案为A。

(42)

B句意：然后，他在留下一张便条告诉车主钱包安全，便带着钱包去了附近的警察局。A、taking带走；B、leaving留下；C、reading读；D、writing写。短语：leaveanote/message留便条，故答案为B。

(43)

D句意：当车主和同事回到位于格拉斯哥市中心价值35000英镑的汽车停放的位置时，他们惊讶地发现有两个警察站在车的旁边。A、satisfied满意的；B、excited兴奋的；C、amused好笑的；D、shocked震惊的。没有违法却招来了警察，所以感到“震惊”，故答案为D。

(44)

A句意：警察告诉他们史密斯先生的所作所为，还有他的钱包是安全的。A、safe安全的；B、missing丢失的；C、found被发现的；D、seen被看见的。故答案为A。

(45)C句意：后来这两个人能够感谢史密斯先生的善意之举。A、service服务；B、support支持；C、kindness善行；D、encouragement鼓励；此处指前面提到帮助保护钱包的行为，故答案为C。

(46)A句意：既然到他本可以偷了钱并且花钱让自己找一个地方住一晚，但是他今晚还是住在大街上。A、when考虑到；既然；B、if

如果；C、where哪里；D、because因为；此处是对史密斯拾金不昧的行为的评价，根据句意，故答案为A。

(47)B句意：这个男的身无分文，然而他还是没有自己拿走钱包。A、rather相当；B、yet然而；C、already已经；D、just只是；表示转折，故答案为B。

(48)D句意：他（没有自己拿走钱包）而是想到了别人。A、too也；B、though不过；然而；C、again又；D、instead代替；而不是。根据句意，故答案为D。

(49)A句意：这是难以置信的，只是证明了有诚实的人。A、honest诚实的；B、polite有礼貌的；C、rich富有的；D、generous慷慨的。这是对史密斯先生的行为的总结，故答案为A。

(50)D句意：史密斯先生的行为吸引了公众大量关注。A、gave给；B、paid支付；C、cas