第01讲语法填空高分突破(原题版)

第01讲：语法填空高分突破第01讲：语法填空高分突破课程目标课程目标演练EQ\o\ac(

,●)专题知识：针对考试题型，进行系统梳理，感悟解题方法。EQ\o\ac(

,●)题型检测：链接考试真题，题型组合练，能力逐个突破。知识梳理知识梳理演练（一）语法填空考点出题方式词性考查考点分布特别注意有提示词形容词/副词原级1、双音节单词比较级最高级的变形2、修饰比较级最高级的词3、less/least+adj/adv情况4、双写+er的单词比较级最高级动词时态语态1、各种时态的标志词以及特征2、主动表被动情况不定式1、不定式作主宾表定状补2、动名词作主宾表定3、分词作表定状补4、各种非谓语的时态语态动名词分词无提示词冠词定冠词/不定冠词判断语境是特指还是非特指介词搭配及其他熟练掌握固定搭配以及本身用法代词人称物主代词1、复合句的从句除去关系代词仍缺成分2、反身代词不能作主语，可作宾语、表语、同位语3、代词作定语不定代词反身单词动词情态动词观察语境中暗含的情感和态度助动词/系动词倒装情况从属连词定语从句1、熟练判断各种复合句结构，掌握连接词的特定用法2、how+adj/adv情况，what+n情况，howmany/much/long....情况3、表语从句连接词asif，because名词性从句状语从句强调句并列连词并列句判断上下句之间的逻辑关系（二）语法填空考点详解1、有提示词1）形容词/副词括号中给出形容词或副词，考查其原级比较级最高级。注意比较级有+er的，加more的，还有加less的，加theleast的。【考题练习】1．Theeveningisthe(blessed)timeoftheday.Takethistimetoenjoythehappytimeswithfriendsandfamily.Havealaughterfilledevening.2．Peoplewhohavebenefitedfromgoodbehaviourare(likely)todosomethingniceforsomeoneelselateron.3．Accordingtosomereports,thissatelliteandotherUSspysatelliteshavethetechnologytotakeeven(sharp)images,witharesolutionofuptoaround4inches(10cm).4．Marykeptweighingherselftoseehowmuch(heavy)shewasgetting.5．Thecontestrequiresthechosenlaugherstofaceoffagainsteachotherastheaudiencedetermineswhohas(attractive)laugh.6．Anotherstudy,conductedbytheNationalCenteronAddictionandSubstanceAbuse(滥用)atColumbiaUniversity,foundthatkidswhoeatdinnerwiththeirparentsfiveormoretimesaweekare(likely)tohaveproblemswithdrugsandalcohol.7．Afterjust12minuteswithdogs,patients’heartsandlungsseemedtobeworking(well).8．Ontheotherhand,plantswhichhaveagoodadaptationtodryconditionsorhavetheabilitytostorewaterintheircellsrequire(frequent)watering.9．Thestudentswereeven(confused)butstartedthetestbythen.10．Whilepeoplewereamazedbyhowgeneroustheycouldget,Figueroasaidshehadthe(unforgettable)Christmasexperienceinher12yearsofworkingforMcDonald’s.2）动词谓语动词：看句子有没有连词，若无连词，则要有1个谓语动词，有1个连词，则句子应该有2个谓语动词，2个连词应该有3个谓语动词，若缺少则所给动词就是谓语动词；此时前看看，后看看确定时态和语态。(注意定语从句可省略宾语及宾语从句省略that情况)非谓语动词：若句中已有谓语动词，且无连词，或谓语动词数量满足“连词+1”的情况则所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用不定式、动名词还是分词。不定式todo表将来，常考作宾语、目的状语；动名词doing表习惯性动作，可作主宾表定状补，常考作主语、宾语；现在分词doing表主动、进行，可作主宾表定，常考作表语、定语、状语；过去分词done表被动、完成，可作表定状补，常考作表语、定语、状语。【考题练习】1．Themusicianalongwithhisbandmembers(give)tenperformancesinthelastthreemonths.2．China’sSingles’Day,theworld’sbiggestshoppingfestival,(acpany)foryearsbyforcefulpromotionsandbreathlesshourlyupdatesfrommidnightonwards.3．Itwasevidentthatallthepolicies(change)livestoensurethegreatestbenefitsforallthepeople.4．ThemedicaltreatmentdevicealsohasanSOSfeaturethat(send)forhelpifI’mintrouble.5．Whenresearch(assign),theprofessorexpectsthestudenttotakeitactivelyandtopleteitwithminimumguidance.6．Basedonpastexperiences,ittakesfourtofiveyearsaftereconomicrecoveryforunemploymenttoprecrisislevels.(return)7．Withmoderntrafficcontrolfacilities,speederscan’texpecttoescape(detect).8．Some350,000peoplehavereportedlybeenlefthomelessandarestayinginshelters,anxiously(await)newsoffriendsandrelatives.9．Seeingthesoldierswell(prepare)forthefight,thegeneralnoddedwithsatisfaction.10．ManyChinesebrands,(develop)theirreputationsovercenturies,areencounteringnewchallengesfromthemodernmarket.2、无提示词1）冠词表示泛指的“一(个,本,座……)”时用不定冠词a/an，表示特指时用the。【考题练习】1．WhenIseeachildsubjecttothiskindofpressure,IthinkofDonnie.Hewasshy,nervousperfectionist.2．Thereoncewereagoatandadonkey….Sothefarmerkilledgoatandgavethedonkeymedicinemadefromitsheart.3．TheTangDynastyproducedhostofgreatpoets,suchasLiBai,DuFuandBaiJuyi.4．ThomasEdisonwasatforefrontofthesearchforalternativewaystopowervehicles.5．expert,togetherwithsomeassistants,wassenttohelpwiththeworktheotherday.2）介词句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介词。常用介词：in,on,at,to,from,of,off,under,above,below,over,across,through,beyond,behind,beside,between,among,near,up,down,along,around,before,after,since,for,against,besides,except,by,with,without,about,as,like,during,into,throughout,until,within,toward,past,despite,regardlessof,inspiteof,becauseof,dueto,owingto,thanksto,exceptfor,apartfrom,otherthan,suchas,accordingto,insteadof,ratherthan,aswellas,inadditionto,…【考题练习】1．Hewonthebadmintonmatchthefactthathewasplayingwiththewronghand.2．Live,highdetailsatellitemappingcouldprobablybeusedtokeeptagsonanybodyatanytime,theperson’sknowledge.3．Itstartedwiththingsassessingcreditriskfromloanapplications,sortingthemailbyreadinghandwrittencharactersfromzipcodes.4．76participantsdifferentcountrieswalkedshouldertoshoulderthroughtheperformancezoneinaprogramthatgreetedallthepeoplearoundtheworld.5．Everybodywastouchedwordsaftertheyheardhermovingstory.(6．Justashefinishedthefirstfewbars,oneofthestringsonhisviolinbroke.Wethoughtthathewouldhavetostoptheconcert.everyone’sexpectation,hewaitedamoment,closedhiseyesandthensignaledtheconductortobeginagain.7．Teenagershavebeenwarnedusingtheextrememethodstoloseweight.3）代词当句子缺主语、宾语或定语时，填代词。前后看,是指人、事物；指男、指女,单数、复数；还是填形式主语或形式宾语的it。(注意定语从句可省略作宾语的关系代词,宾语从句可省略that情况，反身代词不能做主语，可做宾语和同位语情况等)主要考察：人称代词we,you,her,it,they等；物主代词my,their,yours,hers等；反身代词himself,themselves等；指示代词this,these,that,those;不定代词everything,something,anything,nothing,everyone,someone,everybody,somebody,anybody,nobody,both,either,neither,all,none,each,others,theother,another,theothers,one,theone(s).【考题练习】Peoplesharedtheirfood,ice,andgasoline.Peoplewhostillhadpoweropenedtheirhomestowhohadnone.“mademefeelthatthereweremanythingsworthsharinginmylife,anditalsogavemeasenseofmission,”sheexplains.ButJohanStenevad,myhostatLaplandGuesthouse,showedmeelse.Oneday,onasnowmobilepathlinedwithtalltreesonbothsides,heturnedoffhisengineandaskedmewhatIsaw.“Trees,”Ianswered.“Aforest.”ThedoctoradvisedVerastronglythatsheshouldtakeaholiday,butdidn’thelp.5．Equippedwithmodernfacilities,today’slibrariesdiffergreatlyfromofthepast.4）情态动词和助动词若结构较完整，空格在主语和谓语动词之间且动词是原形，一般是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do,does,did等)。【考题练习】1．Handshakinghavestartedasanancientcustomtodemonstratetoastrangerthatyouhadnoweaponinyourhand.2．Butgrocerystorebreadstayfreshduringlongshippingandstoragetimes.Sopaniesoftenputachemicalpreservativeinit.3．WhisperCamelMeans,thetribesdivisionmanagerforthewildliferefuge,saidundertheFishandWildlifeServicesupervision,theexhibitstherepreviouslyusedadifferenttribes’wordforbison,whichtheynotaccept.4．Howwerespondtothem,however,isuptous.Wereacttothemlikeevilsofselfishnessorlikeheroesoflove.5．ForalltheattentionIwasgettingI

aswellnothavebeenthere.Ifeltastranger.5）从属连词若两句之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一般填从属连词。强调句：Itis...that...定语从句:关代：that,which,who,whom,whose,as;关副：when,where,why名词性从句:从属连词：that,if/whether,because,asif;关代：what,who,whom,whose,which,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever;关副：when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever,however状语从句:时间when,while,as,before,after,every/eachtime,assoonas,themoment/minute,hardly…when,nosooner…than,since,once,until；地点where,wherever；原因because,as,since,nowthat；目的inorderthat,sothat,incase,forfearthat；结果sothat,so/such…that；比较than,as…as,themore…themore…；让步although,though,evenif/though,while,as,nomatterwhat/who/when…,whatever….,whether…or；方式as,asif/though；条件if,unless,aslongas…【考题练习】1．Aloafofhomemadebreadhassimpleingredientssuchasflour,water,saltandsugar.youmakeityourself,youhavecontroloveryouringredients.2．Mostanimalshavelittleconnectionwithanimalsofadifferentkind,theyhuntthemforfood.3．Located

theBeltmeetstheRoad,JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.4．Involvingthekidsinplanningthevacationmakessurethattheyhaveagreatvacationtoo.Iprefertovisithistoricalsitesandmuseumswhiletheylovetofishandswim.SoIbuildinsomerelaxationtimeforusall

thevacationcanworkforeveryone.5．Hehadhiscameraready

hesawsomethingthatwouldmakeagoodpicture.6）并列连词若两个或三个单词、短语或句子之间设空，可能是填并列连词。并列连词：and,but,or,so,for,yet,then,however,therefore,while,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso,not…but【考题练习】1．Drugabusehasseriouseffectsonindividualsphysicallyandmentally,theeconomiclossescausedbydrugabusearegreat.2．Notonlyaremorepeopletakingtorunning,theyareusingwearabledevicesandusingsoftwareontheircellphonestorecordthedistancetheycoverandtheamountofcaloriestheyburn.3．CharlesCheadleofCesarChavezSchoolsays,“Boysarenotsoafraidthattheymightdosomethingthatwillharmtheputer,

girlsareafraidtheymightbreakitsomehow.”4．Asaresultofshowingup,Jasontookopportunitiesgothimclosertohisgoal.HesentworktoastudentshowandwasacceptedbyRobinRule,theownerofRuleGallery.5．IhadneverseenwhatasandstormlookedlikeItoldhimIwantedtogooutjusttoseeitformyself.（三）两个空和三个空的填法【考题练习】Whiteusuallymeanssomethinggood.A“whitecolor”job,forexample,isthekindofjobmanypeopleseek.Itisajobwhereyouworkatadesk,usingyourbrain__30_________yourmuscles.Recently,theWomen’sSportsFoundationhasdiscoveredthatsportsoffersomeextrabenefitsforgirls(33)______

______

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havingfunandgettingfit._______________busyyouare,youcanfitselfcareintoyourschedule.(33)____

____thetraditionalfamilyofJapanisstrong,divorcestillwentupquicklybetween1980and1995.课堂精练课堂精练演练1、（2023上·上海·高二上海市建平中学校考期中）Indoorvsoutdoorexercising:Whichismoreproductive?Peopletendtoleanheavilyonthegymwhenitestoexercise.Thegymisjustaneasyconcept:yougoandthemachinesarerightthere.Yougettheworkoutdoneandyouleave.Butmaybethat’stheproblem.Isitbetterforyourbody,healthandfitnessgoalstoworkoutintheopenair1conditionsvary?Itdependsonsomanyfactors,buttheshortanswerisyes:Sciencesaysitis,infact,bettertoexerciseoutdoors.Takerunning,forexample.Inastudy2(look)atrunnerswhocoveredthesamedistanceonatreadmill(跑步机)andoutdoors,thegroupthatraninsideweresaid3(consume)lessenergythantheoutsidegroup.Thisisbecauseofterrainchangesandwindspeed,whichyoudon’tfaceinthecontrolledclimateofgym.Yourbody4workharder,andthusyouburnmorecalories.Anotherconsiderationthat5(make)exercisingoutsidetougher,specificallyinwarmermonths,istemperature.Inmostgyms,theairconditionersareblowingduringtheopenhourstokeepacoolandfortableenvironment,meaningyou’reconsuminglessenergyandsweatinglessthanyouwouldifyouweredoingthesameactivityinthegreatoutdoors.Inaddition,asystematicstudyontheeffectsofphysicalactivityoutsideinanaturalenvironmentversusindoorsrevealedthefact6amongpeopledoingthesameactivity,theoutdoorexercisesshowed“greaterfeelingsofrefreshmentandpositiveengagement;decreasesintension,confusion,angeranddepression;and7(increase)energy”afterward.8manyadvantages,workingoutsidehasitslimitations.Fromchangeableweathertosafetyconcerns,it’snotalways9option.Thebottomline?Switchupyourworkoutandgetoutsideasmuchasyoucan,butdon’tbotheraboutitifthegymisa10(practical)choiceforyou.Doinganyworkoutisamazingforyourbodyandhealth.2、（2023上·上海·高二上海交大附中校考阶段练习）10trickseveryiPhoneuserwillwishtheyknewsoonerAniPhoneisbasicallyjustaputerthatfitsinyourpocketandinmanyways,it’sevenbetterthanaputer.TheiPhoneismoreportablethanalaptop.Thecameraisbetterthanmanypointandshootcameras.YouriPhonemayevenbeabletostoremoredatathanacheapdesktop,andtheappsareparableto11onanydeviceonthemarket,soit’snowonderthatcertainiPhonefeaturesremain12(bury),andwemayneverdiscoverthemwithoutaninsidertip.Youcancustomize13youseeandhear,andjustwhenyouthinkyou’vegotahandleon,say,theimagesyoucollect,anewtrickesalongthatchangesyourentireoperationalpattern.14you’reconversingwithSiriorfiguringoutanewwaytonavigateyournotifications,hereare10thingsyou15(notknow)youriPhonecoulddo.1.Yourkeyboardcanbeusedasa“trackpad”Howmanytimeshaveyouawkwardlytriedtonavigateatextmessageoremailbytappingonthescreen16youwanttoplaceyourcursor?It’smaddening,especiallyifthereareminuteerrorsyouneedtofix.Thankfully,theiPhonecanhelpyouyourplantyourcursor.Allyouneedtodoispressdownonyourtextkeyboard,andthekeys17(disappear).Withoutthekeyboard,youcanslideyourthumbaroundinthisspacetomoveyourtextcursor.Pressharder,andyoucanselecttext.Ifyoureleaseabitofpressure,youcandeselecttext,andthenselectitagainbypressingdown.Itcantakesomegettingusedto,18it’sworthalittlepractice,asyou’llbeabletonavigatemuchmoreaccurately.2.TurnonaparticularsettingtosavebatteryinapinchIfyou’vebeenoutalldayandforgotacharger,youmightberunningonfumeswhenitestobattery.Luckily,LowPowermodewillletyousavealittlejuiceforanemergency.Gotoyourphone’sControlCenterandtapon19“lowbattery”icontoturnitonoroff.This20giveyoualittleboostinpower,atleastuntilyoucangettoachargeragainandit’sallclear.……3、（2023上·上海·高二上海市七宝中学校考阶段练习）Backthen,Iwasaverynervousnewfather.Ididn’tknow21tofeedmyson,howhardtopathisbacktoburphim,orwhetheritwasokaytolethimsleepaslongasbewants.Iboughtmyselflotsofbooksaboutparenting,only22(find)thatthereweresomanynewthingstolearnthatIinevitablybeguntofeeloverwhelmed.MyfriendMay,asoontobemotherherself,23(sense)myanxietyand,tocalmmedown,textedmeonenightsaying,“Nobookcanbeasubstituteforyourownsensitivecontemplationandcarefulobservation.Bookscanbe24smalladditionalvalue,butnomore.Justlistentoyoursonandhe’llteachyouhowtobeafather.”ThatstruckmealotbecauseIgrewupinatimewhenmostoftheparents,includingmyown,believedthatchildren25beseenandnotheard.Naturally,Ithoughthewasnothingandonlygrownupswereworthsomething.Theidea26childrendonotknowanythingbutwilldoso,andarenotcapableofdoinganythingbutwilllearn,mademeliveinapermanentstateofexpectation.Forthesakeoftomorrow,Ifailedtorespect27mightamuse,sadden,amaze,anger,andinteresthimtoday.Forthesakeoftomorrow,Istoleyearsofhislife.ThingschangedformewhenIgotdownonmyknees,waitingformysontoopenup.OnceIcamedowntohislevel,IfoundIdidn’teven28askquestions.Ijustlistened.Hegrantedmepermissiontogazeintohispocketstoseeallhischerishedcollections:bird’sfeathers,coloredstonesandoddlyshapedleaves.HealsodiscussedwithmeabouthisgrandplantotraveltotheSouthPolewiththegirlinhisclass29happenedtowanttomarryhim.Webothknewourrelationshipwasbuiltonmutualrespectandtrust.Now,sevenyearslateraftermyson’sbirth,IstillmarvelatMay’ssimplewisdom.Beingtherelisteningtomysonhasnotonlyrescued30from“thosebestparentingbooksonecannotaffordtomiss”butalsofromoverevaluatingandoverobsessingabouthim.Simplyput,mysonhastaughtmetobeafather.Ihaveaffectionforwhatheistodayandrespectforwhathecanbeeinthefuture.AllIneedtodoistolisten.课后反馈课后反馈演练1、（2023上·上海闵行·高二闵行中学校考阶段练习）Theneedtofeedagrowingpopulationisputtingmuchpressureontheworld’ssupplyofwater.With97%oftheworld’swatertoosaltytobedrunkorusedinagriculture,theworldwidesupplyofwaterneedscarefulmanagement,especiallyinagriculture.1theideaofawatershortageseemsstrangetosomeonefortunateenoughtoliveinahighrainfallcountry,manyoftheworld’sagriculturalindustries

2(experience)constantwatershortages.Althoughdamscanbebuilttostorewaterforagriculturaluseindryareasanddryseasons,thecostsofwaterredistributionareveryhigh.Notonlyistherethecostoftheengineeringitself,butthereisalsoanenvironmentalcosttobeconsidered.Onetypicalexampleis

3wherevalleysarefloodedtocreatedams,housesarelostandwildlifehomesdestroyed.Besides,watermayfloweasilythroughpipestofields,butitcannotbetransportedfromonesideoftheworldto4.Eachcountry

5thereforerelyonthemanagementofitsownwatertosupplyitsfarmingrequirements.Thisisparticularly

6(trouble)forcountrieswithagriculturalindustriesinareasdependentonirrigation.InTexas,farmers’overuseofirrigationwater7(result)ina25%reductionofthewaterstores.IntheCentralValleyareaofsouthwesternUSA,ahugewater