山东省某中学2021届高三一模英语试题【含答案】

山东省实验中学2021届高三一模英语试题

学校:姓名：班级：考号：

一、阅读选择

WinanInterviewwithNYTBestsellingAuthorJ.Elle

InadditiontoyourprivateonlineZoominterview,youwillalsowinaprintcopyofher

book,WingsofEbony,aPDFcopyofthebook,andthechancetohaveyourinterview

publishedinTeenInk.

HowtoEnter:

1.FollowTeenInkonInstagram(teen.ink)

2.CommenttwoofyourpotentialquestionsforJ.Elleonourcontestpost,oremail

themtocontests@

3.Wewillbechoosingthewinnerbasedonthesequestionssodoyourbest!

AbouttheBook:

WingsofEbonyispartofYAfantasybooksaboutablackteengoddessnamedRuewho

mustriseupagainstracistgods,whopoisonedherblockwithdrugs,violence,andcrime.It

extendsauniqueperspectiveonracism,privilege,culturalappropriation,andcommunity.

AboutJ.Elle:

J.Elleisafonnerteachertoinner-citystudents,andthefounderofnYourStoryisYour

Power,nacreativewritingworkshopthatempowersteenvoices.Fromgrowinguppoorto

beingafirst-generationcollegestudent,Elle*sperseveranceandpassionforempowering

othersdatesbacktoherfirstcareerineducation,teachingtweensandteensfromtraditionally

underservedareastofightfortheirdreams.Shedrewinspirationforthenovelfromherown

experiencegrowinguppoor,whichisclearlyreflectedinherbook.

1.Whatwillthewinnerget?

A.Aface-to-faceinterviewwithElle.

B.AbookwithJ.Elle'ssignature.

C.APDFcopyofWingsofEbony.

D.ApublishedcopyofTeenInk.

2.Thewinnerwillbepickedoutbyparticipants*.

A.entries.B.comments.C.emails.D.questions.

3.WhatinspiredElletowritethebook?

试卷笫1页，总10页

A.Herloveforteaching.

B.Herexperienceinpoverty.

C.Herdreamofwriting.

D.Hereducationincollege.

Everyonecansmilewhentheyareoncloudnine.Everyonecancrywhenthe

weatherisblue.Butittakesastrongpersontosmilewhenheorshehaseveryreasontocry!

Kiley,fromMaryland,isanauthor,fashionmodel,motivationalspeakerand

entrepreneur.Since3yearsold,herlifehasproventobeajourneyofsurgeries.Shewas

forcedtohavetwopermanentostomies（造口术）,causinghertohaveostomybagsforthe

restofherlife.

Carryingnotone,buttwoostomybagsisnotsomethingyouwouldwantanyonetogo

throughespeciallyyourownchild.Asasinglefather,JayisKiley'sbiggestadvocate.When

Kileywas10yearsold,shegaveaspecialFather'sDaygifttoherfathertoexpressher

gratitude,whichwastodancewithhimathertalentshowatschool.Inthevideo,thelittlegirl

wassmilingfromeartoear.Theydancedalongthesong,OvercomerofAmericanIdoFs

Mandisa.nYou*reanovercomer.Stayinthefighttillthefinalround.'1Truetothelyrics,Kiley

isastrongandinspiringovercomer.

Atonlyfifteen,KileysetupEnhancingChildren'sLivesOrganization,afoundation

dedicatedtohelpinglow-incomechildren,providingthemwithbackpacksfilledwithschool

supplies,shoesclothingandevenfood.

Shehasbeenafashionmodelforover7years,yeswithtwoostomybags.Sheishelping

cancersurvivorsandinspiringostomypatients.Lookingattheouterappearance,onewould

nottellsheliveswiththeseadversities.Shehasproventhatnoteventhebiggestproblemin

theworldcouldwipeawaythesmilefromherface!

Kileywroteinoneofherbooks,"Iusedtosay,4Whyme?Whycancer?Whyostomy

bags?'NowIsay,4Whynotme?9Justbecauseyouhavesomedifficultiesinlifedoesn*tmean

youcan*tmakeit.Wehavetheabilitytomakeadifference,tochangelives.**

4.WhydidKileydecidetodancewithherfatheratschool?

A.Toshowoffhertalent.

B.Towinherdad'ssupport.

C.TopromoteFather'sDay.

试卷第2页，总10页

D.Toshowthankstoherdad.

5.WhatcanchildrengetfromEnhancingChildren'sLivesOrganization?

A.Medicalcare.

B.Fullscholarship.

C.Schoolnecessities.

D.Bettereducation

6.WhichwordscanbestdescribeKiley?

A.Optimisticandinspiring.

B.Strong-willedandrealistic.

C.Creativeandindependent.

D.Confidentandambitious.

7.WhatcanwelearnfromKiley'sstory?

A.Healthismoney.

B.Smilehaspower.

C.Hardworkpaysoff.

D.Cherishthetime.

Peoplewhoplaydrumsregularlyfbryearsdifferfromunmusicalpeopleintheir

brainstructureandfunction.TheresultsofastudybyresearchersfromBochumsuggestthat

theyhavefewer,butthickerfibersinthemainconnectingtractbetweenthebrain

hemispheres（半球）.Inaddition,theirmotorbrainareasareorganizedmoreefficiently.Thisis

theconclusiondrawnbyaresearchteamheadedbyDr.Lara.Itwaspublishedinthejournal

BrainandBehavior,onlineon4December2019.

Theresearcherswereinterestedindrummersbecausetheirmovementcontrolfar

surpassesthatofuntrainedpeople.HMostpeoplecanonlyperformfinemotortaskswithone

handandhaveproblemsplayingdifferentrhythmswithbothhandsatthesametime,"

explainsLara,nDrummerscandothingsthatareimpossiblefbruntrainedpeople."

Theteamintendedtogainnewinsightsintotheorganizationofcomplexmotor

processesinthebrainbyidentifyingthechangesinthebraincausedbythistraining.The

researcherstested20professionaldrummerswhohaveplayedtheirinstrumentfbranaverage

of17yearsandcurrentlypracticefbrmorethantenhoursperweek.Theyexaminedthem

usingvariousMRIimagingtechniquesthatprovideinsightsintothestructureandfunctionof

试卷第3页，总10页

thebrain.Theythencomparedthedatawithmeasurementsof24unmusicalcontrolsubjects.

BothgroupshadtoplaydrumstotesttheirabilitiesandwerethenexaminedintheMRI

scanner.

Dmmmerspresentedcleardifferencesinthefrontpartofthecorpuscallosum（肺月氐

体）responsibleformotorplanning.Thedataindicatedthatthedrummershadfewerbut

thickerfibersinthisimportantconnectingtract.Thisallowsmusicianstoexchange

informationbetweenthehemispheresmorequicklythanthecontrols.

Althoughdrummersmightbegoodatmotorcoordination,theyarclessactiveinmotor

tasksthanthatofcontrolsubjects.Thisphenomenonindicatesthatamoreefficientbrain

organizationintheareasleadstolessactivationinprofessionals.

8.WhichhastheclosestmeaningwiththeunderlinedwordinParagraph2?

A.Correspondwith.B.GobeyondC.Differfrom.D.Fallbehind.

9.Howdidtheteamidentifythechangesindrummers*brain?

A.Byanalyzingpreviousstudy.

B.Byorganizingcomplexmotortasks.

C.Bytestingtheirabilitiesandscanningthebrains.

D.Bycomparingamateurdrummersandunmusicalpeople.

10.Whichstatementistrueaboutthedrummers?

A.Theyaremoreactiveinmotortasks.

B.Theycanplayrhythmsmorequickly.

C.Theyhavebetterimaginationandinsights.

D.Theyhavemoreefficientbrainorganization.

11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Playingdrumschangesthebrain.

B.Playingdrumscanbetrained.

C.Playingmusicmakesyouactive.

D.Playingmusicbringsbenefits.

Veganleather（纯素皮）,acruelty-freeandenvironment-friendlysubstitutefor

animalleatherhaslongbeentheultimategoalofsustainablefashion.Now,analternativemay

bemakingthejumpfromthelabtocupboards,anditssourcemaysurprisemanypeople:the

forestfloor.

试卷笫4页，总10页

Mycelium（菌体幺2）,thefibrousrootsoffungi（真菌），isbeingmadeintodurableclothes

andbagswithalowercarboncostthananimal'sskinorplastic,andit*samaterialthatwon't

pileupinlandfills.Whileproductsmadefromitaren*tavailabletobuyyet,industryexperts

saythematerialhasgreatpotentialtoinfluencethemarketfbranimalandsynthetic（合成

的leathers.Andithasauniquelookandfeel.

Leatherproductionreliesonskinfromcattleandsheep,whoseraisingisamajorsource

ofgreenhousegasemissions.Leatherprocessingalsousesdangerouschemicalsandgenerates

largemountsofwastefromtreatingrawskin.Bycontrast,fungi*sgrowthiseffectively

carbonneutralsincetheycatchandstorecarbonthatwouldotherwisebeemittedorremainin

theatmosphere,accordingtoNature.Pureanduntreatedfungi-leatheralsobreaksdown

easily.

Anumberofcompaniesarerelyingonconsumer'sinterestinatruefungileather.Some

66%USrespondentstoasurveybytheconsultingfirmMckinsey&Companysaidthey

considersustainabilitywhenmakingaluxurypurchase.California-basedMckinoisperhaps

closesttoproducingacommerciallyavailableproductcalledReishi.HIthasthesamequality

andartisticvalueasanimalleatheranditwillbelaunchedinpartnershipwithtopbrandsin

thecomingmonths/saidSophiaWang,thecompan/sco-fbunder.

Oneofthechallengeswithfungi-leatherismakingauniform"mat"withconsistent

thickness,appearanceandcolor,accordingtoNature.It'salsonecessarytobalancedurability

withbiodegradability（降解）.

12.WhatdoweknowaboutMycelium?

A.Itsproductsareavailablenow.

B.Itislikelytogainsomemarketshare.

C.Ithasahighcarbonemission.

D.Itaccountsfbralargepartofwaste.

13.HowisParagraph3mainlydeveloped?

A.Bymakingacomparison.

B.Byreasoningandarguing.

C.Byanalyzingtheresearchprocess.

D.Byprovidingbackgroundinformation.

14.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph4

A.Mostpeoplelikeanimalleather.

试卷第5页，总10页

B.ConsumersareindifferenttoReishi.

C.SophiahasconfidenceinReishi.

D.Mckinoranksamongtopbrands

15.Inwhichpartofanewspapercanweseethepassage

A.Opinion.B.AgricultureC.Fashion.D.Lifestyle.

二、七选五

Whenlifegetsbusy,personalpriorities,self-care,ornme-timenmaystarttobe

ignored.Buttakingcareofyourownneedsisnotaluxury.Prioritizingyourownneedsis

whatallowsyoutorunsmoothlyandtobringyourbesttoyourotherprioritiesand

challenges.16.Therefore,don'texpecttogetitperfectortoseeinstantbenefits.Trythesetips

andenjoyamorefulfillinglife

•Startclaiming10-15minutesadayforyourself.Itwon'ttakeawayfromyour

productivity;itwillincreaseit.17.Payattentiontohowyoufeelandwhatyouneed.Trynot

tosavethisfortheendofthedaywhenyouaretootiredtomoveandyourbrainhasstopped

working.

•Planfbrfoodthatfuelsyou-especiallywhentimeistight.Makesureyouhavethe

groceriesthatyouneed.Choosefoodsthatarenutritious.Don*tskipbreakfast,haveaplanfbr

lunch,anddon*tstarveyourselfbeforedinner.18.

•Cutthemultitasking.19«Practicefocusingondoingonethingatatime.Youwon'tgetit

perfect,butthafsokay.Manypeoplemultitasknotoutofadesiretoincreaseproductivity,but

becausetheyareeasilydistractedandcan*tfocusononeactivity.

•20・It'softenasignalthatlifeisoutofbalanceandyourpersonalprioritiesneedmore

attention.Wehavetopayattentionanddevelopotherwaysofcaringfbrourselvesinsteadof

turningtofood,soimprovementsarepossible.Thiscanbecomplicatedbutitdoesn'thaveto

beoverwhelming.

A.Nostarvationdiets.

B.Takeemotionaleatingseriously.

C.Usethistimetoconnectwithyourself.

D.Itstressesusoutandmakesuslessefficient.

E.Itensuresyouasenseofsatisfactionandachievement.

F.Actually,learningtoprioritizeyourownneedsisaprocess.

试卷第6页，总10页

G.Whenyourwell-beingisn*tapriority,justabouteverythinggoesdownhill.

三、完形填空

Ahomelessmanrescuedalltheanimalsatashelterafteritcaughtonfire.Hamlin,

the21oftheW-Underdogsshelter,toldCNN

KeithWalker,53,ahomelessman,22hislifetosaveseveralcatsanddogs23

atanAtlantaanimalshelterafteritcaughtfire,thefacility'sfoundersaid.

nIwasnervousashell.Iwasreally24togointherewithallthatsmoke.ButGod

putmeeretosavethoseanimalsandI25intotheshelterafterafireengulfedits

kitchen.nWalkertoldCNN.'*Ifyouloveadog,youcanloveanyoneintheworld.Mydogis

mybestfriend,andIwouldn'tbehere26him,soIknewIhadtosaveallthoseother

dogs.*'

27theshelterwasnotcompletelydestroyed,thefireleftituninhabitable,

accordingtoW-UnderdogsfounderGracieHamlin.

"Heismyguardianangel,"HamlintoldCNN."Eventhefirefightersdidn*twantto28

thedogs.Theycalledanimalcontrol,butKeithwasalreadyinthebuildingpullingoutthe

catsanddogsuntiltheywereall29

Hamlin30knewWalker,whohasbeenhomelesssincehewas13yearsold,

becausesheletshim31hisdog,apitbullnamedBravo,atthesheltereverynight.

Walkerwasonhiswayto32Bravoandtakehimfbrawalkwhenhesawthefire.

Hewasabletorescuealltheanimals-sixdogsandtencats.

“Ican'tthankhim33forsavingmyanimals/Hamlinsaid.''Ymstillin34

becauseFvebeenaroundafireandIknowhowfastitspreads.Homelessmanasheis,

Walkerismv35

21.A.leaderB•founderC.donatorD.sponsor

22.A.riskedB.gaveC.lostD.put

23.A.tiedB.abandonedC.trappedD.restricted

24.A.thrilledB.upsetC.annoyedD.scared

25.A.walkedB.rushedC.slidD.squeezed

26.A.withoutB.beyondC.exceptD.with

27.A.BeforeB.SinceC.UntilD.While

28.A.spotB.searchC.handleD.touch

试卷笫7页，总10页

29.A.comfortableB.secureC.desperateD.independent

30.A.previouslyB.eventuallyC.deliberatelyD.fortunately

31.A.feedB.protectC.keepD.train

32.A.putupB.holdupC.takeupD.pickup

33.A.enoughB.againC.anyhowD.once

34.A.peaceB.disbeliefC.reliefD.silence

35.A.friendB.employeeC.assistantD.hero

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

TheofficialSinaWeibo36.(announce)onFeb.2ndthatChinesevloggerLiZiqiseta

newGuinnessWorldRecordfornmostsubscribersforaChineselanguagechannelon

YouTube*1bygoingfrom11.4millionsubscribersinJuly37.14.1millionattheendof

January,2020.

Thenews38.(view)morethan400milliontimessofaronSinaWeibo.Chinesenetizens

quicklyreactedtohernewrecord,congratulatingthevloggerandexprcssing39.hopethatshe

canproducemorebrilliantvideostoadvocateChineseculturearoundtheworld.

In2017,LiuploadedherfirstvideoonYouTube40.wasabouthowtomakeadress

usingtheskinsofgrapes.ThepoeticidylliclifeandprofoundtraditionalChinesecultureinLi

Zigi,svideosare41.(attract)tofansfromallovertheworld.Hervideosareslow-pacedand

thesceneryisverybeautiful.ShowingChineseculturesuchascookingdeliciousfood,

makingtraditionalChinese42.(handcraft)andlivinganidyllicrurallifeinChinatothe

world43.(be)hervideofocus.

Expertssayshesuccessfullyteachespeopleallovertheglobe442(appreciate)Chinese

cultureandtheChineseculture45.(convey)inhervideosisgoingfurtherabroad.

五、提纲类作文

46.临近毕业，你的英语老师布置了一篇作文，请以“MyCareerPlan”为题，写一篇英

语短文，内容包括：

1.你的专业选择和职业规划；

2.陈述你的理由。

注意：

试卷第8页，总10页

1.词数80左右；

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

MyCareerPlan

六、读后续写

47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

GodzillaKong,ascienceteacherfromYulee,Florida,enteredpanicmodewhenhe

reachedthecashregisteratWalmartandrealizedhiswalletwasmissing.Fortunatelyhehad

somesmallcashinthewallettocompletehispurchase.Buthiswalletcontainedother

necessitiessuchashisdriver'slicense,militaryIDandseveralbankcards.Hewasin

extremelylowspiritswhenhethoughtofthelowlikelihoodofrecoveringit.

Whileathomepreparingfortomorrow'slessons,heheardsomeknocksonthefrontdoor.

Pullingopenthedoor,hesawamaninragsstandingbeforehim,hisrighthandgraspinga

wallet.AndKongsawthatalthoughhewastremblingbecauseofthecoldweather,therewas

acharmingsmileonhisface.nYoumustbeMr.KongJtheunidentifiedmansaidwith

sparklingeyes,addingthathefoundhiswalletatWalmart.Hearingthis,Godzillacouldn't

controlhisexcitement,amazedbythestrangefswillingnesstopersonallydeliverhiswalletto

hishome.nWowthisisunbelievable!Youareso...sweet!*'Godzillarespondedwithemotions.

ThenthemanaskedGodzillatocheckoutthewalletandmakesureeverythingwasinside.

Withabriefinspectionandabeatingheart,Godzillafoundallthestuffwasstationed

insidesafeandsound."Hey,brother!Thankslionforreturning...mywallet!Youare

my...guardian,"Godzillasaidwithachokingvoice,tearsrollingdownhisface.MIfsnobig

deal.Ijustdidwhatotherswouldhavedoneinmyposition/theraggedmanreplied,readyto

leave.ButGodzillawasdetenninedtoinvitethisvirtuousmaninsidetohaveacupofcoffee

toshowhisgratitude,whichtheraggedmandidn'tdecline.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

InsidethehouseGodzillaknewhisnamewasUltraman.

Godzillasharedthestorytosocialmediaanditbecamepopular.

试卷第9页，总10页

试卷第10页，总10页

参考答案

1.C

2.D

3.B

【分析】

这是一篇应用文。文章讲述了如何获得采访《纽约时报》畅销书作家J.Elle的方法，同时提

到J.Elle的作品并对J.Elle做了简要的介绍。

1.

细节理解题。根据第二段“InadditiontoyourprivateonlineZoominterview,youwillalsowina

printcopyofherbook,WingsofEbony,aPDFcopyofthebook,andthechancetohaveyour

interviewpublishedinTeenInk.”（除了你的在线私人采访，你还会赢得她的书《乌木之翼》的pdf

版，还有机会让你的采访出版在杂志TeenInk。）可知，获胜者会得到《乌木之翼》的PDF版。

选项C与文意相符，故选C项。

2.

细节理解题。根据“HowtoEnter”部分中"Wewillbechoosingthewinnerbasedonthesequestions

sodoyourbest!”（我们将根据这些问题来选出获胜者，所以尽你们所能吧！）可知，获胜者的

选择是根据问题来选出来的。选项D与文意相符，故选D项。

3.

细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句"Shedrewinspirationfbrthenovelfromherownexperience

growinguppoor,whichisclearlyreflectedinherbook."（她从自己贫穷的成长经历中得到了灵感,

这在她的书中得到了清楚的反映。）可知，她从贫穷的经历中得到了灵感，这点在她的书中得

到了体现。选项B与文意相符，故选B项。

4.D

5.C

6.A

7.B

【分析】

这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了坚强女孩凯利，即使是身上有两个造口袋，她依然能乐观

试卷第11页，总13页

面对，因为她认为生活中有些困难，并不意味着你不能成功。我们有能力改变世界，改变生

活。

4.

细节理解题。根据第三段中“WhenKileywas10yearsold,shegaveaspecialFather'sDaygiftto

herfathertoexpresshergratitude,whichwastodancewithhimathertalentshowatschool.（凯利

10岁的时候，她送给父亲一份特别的父亲节礼物，以表达她的感激之情，那就是在学校的才

艺表演上和他跳舞厂可知，凯利决定和她爸爸跳舞是为了给父亲一份特别的父亲节礼物，以表

达她的感激之情。故选D。

5.

细节理解题。根据第四段“Atonlyfifteen,KileysetupEnhancingChildren'sLivesOrganization,a

foundationdedicatedtohelpinglow-incomechildren,providingthemwithbackpacksfilledwith

schoolsupplies,shoesclothingandevenfbod.（只有十五岁的凯利就成立了“改善儿童生活组织”，

这是一个致力于帮助低收入家庭儿童的基金会，为他们提供装满学习用品、鞋子、衣服甚至

食物的背包）”可知，低收入家庭的孩子们可以从基金会得到装满学习用品的背包。故选C。

6.

推理判断题。根据第三段中“Inthevideo,thelittlegirlwassmilingfromeartoear.（在视频里，小

女孩笑得合不拢嘴）“可以推知,凯利是乐观的。“Truetothelyrics,Kileyisastrongandinspiring

overcomer.（和歌词里讲到一样，凯利是一个强大的又鼓舞人心的征服者）”可知，凯利是鼓舞人

心的。故选A。

7.

推理判断题。结合倒数第二段中“Shehasproventhatnoteventhebiggestproblemintheworld

couldwipeawaythesmilefromherfhce!（她已经证明，即使是世界上最大的问题，也无法抹去

她脸上的笑容！广可以推知，在凯利身上，可以看到笑容是可以战胜苦难的，即笑容是有力量

的。故选B。

8.B

9.C

10.D

11.A

【分析】

试卷第12页，总13页

这是一篇说明文。研究表明：经常打鼓的人在大脑结构和功能上与不爱音乐的人不同，在大

脑两半球之间的主要连接区域，打鼓的人的纤维较少，但较厚。同时他们的运动大脑区域组

织得更有效率。

8.

词句猜测题。根据第二段最后一句"Drummerscandothingsthatareimpossibleforuntrained

people."（鼓手可以做未经训练的人做不到的事。）可知，相比那些未经训练的人而言，这些鼓

手可以做他们不能完成的事，所以这些鼓手已经超越了他们。因而本段划线词的含义为“超越”,

选项B.“Gobeyond”，意为“超越”，符合题意，故选B。

9.

细节理解题。根据第三段中“Theresearcherstested20professionaldrummerswhohaveplayed

theirinstrumentforanaverageof17yearsandcurrentlypracticeformorethantenhoursperweek.

TheyexaminedthemusingvariousMRIimagingtechniquesthatprovideinsightsintothestructure

andfunctionofthebrain.Theythencomparedthedatawithmeasurementsof24unmusicalcontrol

subjects.BothgroupshadtoplaydrumstotesttheirabilitiesandwerethenexaminedintheMRI

scanner.”（研究人员测试了20名专业鼓手，他们平均弹奏这种乐器17年，目前每周练习超过

10小时。他们用各种核磁共振成像技术检查了他们，这些技术提供了对大脑结构和功能的深

入了解。然后，他们将这些数据与24名非音乐控制实验对象的测量结果进行比较。两组都要

敲鼓来测试他们的能力，然后在核磁共振扫描仪上进行检查。）可知，研究人员通过敲鼓测试

20名专业鼓手和24名非音乐控制实验对象的能力，然后利用核磁共振扫描仪上进行检查，来

识别训练引起的大脑变化。选项C与文意相符，故选C。

10.

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"Drummerspresentedcleardifferencesinthefrontpartofthecorpus

callosum（月并月氐体）responsibleformotorplanning.Thedataindicatedthatthedrummershadfewer

butthickerfibersinthisimportantconnectingtract.Thisallowsmusicianstoexchangeinformation

betweenthehemispheresmorequicklythanthecontrols.,,（鼓手在负责运动计划的肺月氐体前部表

现出明显的差异。数据显示鼓手在这个重要的连接部位，有较少但较厚的纤维。这使得音乐

家比控制体可以更快地在两个脑半球之间交换信息。）可以推知，在大脑中，鼓手们处理信息

的能力会更快，更有效。选项D.“Theyhavemoreefficientbrainorganization.”（他们的大脑组织

更有效率。）与文章意思相符，故选D。

11.

试卷第13页，总13页

主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Peoplewhoplaydrumsregularlyforyearsdifferfromunmusical

peopleintheirbrainstructureandfunction.TheresultsofastudybyresearchersfromBochum

suggestthattheyhavefewer,butthickerfibersinthemainconnectingtractbetweenthebrain

hemispheres（半球）.Inaddition,theirmotorbrainareasareorganizedmoreefficiently.（经常打鼓

的人在大脑结构和功能上与不爱音乐的人不同。来自Bochum的研究人员的一项研究结果表明,

在大脑两半球之间的主要连接区域，它们的纤维较少，但较厚。此外，他们的运动大脑区域

组织得更有效率。）同时结合第三段中研究人员通过比较专业鼓手和非音乐人士的数据，发现

专业鼓手的大脑处理信息能力更有效。可知，本文主要讲述打鼓会使人的大脑区域的组织变

得更有效。所以短文的最佳标题为“打鼓能改变大脑”。故选A。

12.B

13.A

14.C

15.D

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了真菌皮革相比动物皮革的优势特点，同时也提到生产真菌皮革

在耐久性和生物降解性之间也要取得平衡。

12.

推理判断题。根据第二段“Mycelium（菌体丝）,thefibrousrootsoffungi（真菌）,isbeingmadeinto

durableclothesandbagswithalowercarboncostthananimaVsskinorplastic,andit'samaterial

thatwon'tpileupinlandfills.Whileproductsmadefromitaren*tavailabletobuyyet,industry

expertssaythematerialhasgreatpotentialtoinfluencethemarketforanimalandsynthetic（合成

的leathers.Andithasauniquelookandfeel.”（菌丝体，真菌的纤维根部，正被制成耐用的衣服

和包装袋，其碳成本比动物皮肤和塑料还低，而且这种材料不会堆积在垃圾填埋场。虽然用

这种材料制成的产品目前还无法购买，但业内专家表示，这种材料很有可能影响动物皮革和

合成皮革的市场。它的外观和感觉都很独特。）可以推知，使用菌体丝这种材料做成的产品外

观和感觉都很独特，可能会影响动物皮革和合成皮革的市场。即这种产品有潜在的市场。选

项B与文意相符，故选B。

13.

推理判断题。根据第三段“Leatherproductionreliesonskinfromcattleandsheep,whoseraisingis

试卷第14页，总13页

amajorsourceofgreenhousegasemissions.Leatherprocessingalsousesdangerouschemicalsand

generateslargemountsofwastefromtreatingrawskin.Bycontrast,fungi*sgrowthiseffectively

carbonneutralsincetheycatchandstorecarbonthatwouldotherwisebeemittedorremaininthe

atmosphere,accordingtoNature.Pureanduntreatedfungi-leatheralsobreaksdowneasily.''（皮革生

产依赖于牛羊皮，而牛羊皮饲养是温室气体排放的主要来源。皮革加工过程也使用危险化学

品，处理生皮时产生大量废物。相比之下，真菌的生长实际上是碳中性的，因为根据自然规

律，它们捕捉并储存本来会排放或留在大气中的碳。纯的和未经处理的真菌皮革也很容易分

解。）可知，本段主要通过对比真菌皮革和动物皮革在生产中所用到的材料来说明各自的特点。

选项A与文意相符，故选A。

14.

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“California-basedMckinoisperhapsclosesttoproducinga

commerciallyavailableproductcalledReishi."Ithasthesamequalityandartisticvalueasanimal

leatheranditwillbelaunchedinpartnershipwithtopbrandsinthecomingmonths,'*saidSophia

Wang,thecompany'sco・founder.”（加利福尼亚州的麦金诺公司，或许正在生产一种近似的商用

产品，叫做Reishi。该公司联合创始人索菲亚•王表示：“它具有像动物皮革同样的质量和艺术

价值，将在未来几个月与顶级品牌合作推出。“）可知，对于产品Reishi,索菲亚认为其有像

动物皮革同样的质量和艺术价值。选项C.“SophiahasconfidenceinReishi.”（索菲亚对Reishi.

很有信心。）与文意一致，故选C。

15.

推理判断题。根据第一段“Veganleather（纯素皮）,acruelty-freeandenvironment-friendly

substituteforanimalleatherhaslongbeentheultimategoalofsustainablefashion.Now,an

alternativemaybemakingthejumpfromthelabtocupboards,anditssourcemaysurprisemany

people:thefbrestfloor.”（素食皮革，一种无残忍和环保的动物皮革替代品，长期以来一直是可

持续时尚的终极目标。现在，一种替代物可能正在从实验室跳跃到橱柜，它的来源可能会让

许多人感到惊讶：真菌皮革。）同时结合倒数第二段索菲亚公司的产品Reishi的特点描述，可

知真菌皮革可能会影响人们的生活方式。所以本文可能在报纸的生活方式的版面出现。选项D

符合题意，故选D。

16.F

17.C

试卷第15页，总13页

18.A

19.D

20.B

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了如何享受更充实的生活的一些方法和策略。

16.

根据前文“Prioritizingyourownneedsiswhatallowsyoutorunsmoothlyandtobringyourbestto

yourotherprioritiesandchallenges.（优先考虑你自己的需要，这样你才能顺利地运行，才能最大

限度地应对其他的优先事项和挑战）“及后文"Therefbre,dontexpecttogetitperfectortosee

instantbenefits因此，不要期望它完美无缺，也不要期望它立竿见影厂可知，优先考虑需要的

事，才会应对其他的优先事项和挑战。所以空白处描述的为要学会优先考虑需要的事。F选项

''Actually,learningtoprioritizeyourownneedsisaprocess.（事实上，学会优先考虑自己的需求是

一个过程）”与前文在意义上一致，故选Fo

17.

根据前文“Startclaiming10-15minutesadayforyourself.Itwon*ttakeawayfromyour

productivity;itwillincreaseit（开始每天花10-15分钟给自己，这不会减少你的工作效率，反而

会增加工作效率）”提到了花时间给自己带来的好处，所以空白处应该接着上文谈要使用这些时

间。C选项“Usethistimetoconnectwithyourself.（利用这段时间和自己沟通）”与文意一致，故选

Co

18.

根据前文“Don'tskipbreakfast,haveaplanforlunch,anddon'tstarveyourselfbeforedinner.（不要

不吃早餐，午餐有计划，晚饭前不要饿着自己）”可知，此处讲不要错过三餐，所以空白处可以

作为总说这样你就不会使自己挨饿。A选项"N。starvationdiets.（没有饥饿节食）”与文意一致，

故选Ao

19.

根据前文“Cutthemultitasking.（切断多任务处理）”及后文“Practicefocusingondoingonethingat

atime.（练习一次只做一件事）”可知，此处可以阐述多任务带来的后果。D选项“Itstressesusout

andmakesuslesse