价值流向图教材

VSValueStreamMapping

TheRoadmaptoLean

价值流向图

精益制造的路径图1VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003CourseObjectives

课程目标Uponcompletionofthiscourse,youwillbeableto…

本课程完成以后,你将能够:ExplainhowValueStreamMappingisafirststepintheLeanImplementationprocess

解释价值流向图在精益制造过程中是怎样的第一步ExplaintheValueStreamMappingprocess

解释价值流向图的过程CreateacurrentandfutureValueStreamMapforyourfacility

为你的工厂建立当前及未来的价值流向图Applytheknowledgegainedfromthemappingprocesstoimproveyouroperation

运用所学的流向图的工艺来改善你处的运营情况2VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003DefiningValueStreamMapping

定义价值流向图ValueStreamMappingisapencil-and-papertoolthathelpsyouseetheflowofinformationandmaterialsasaproductmakesitswaythroughthevaluestream

在产品一路完成其价值流向时，价值流向图是一种用笔在纸上帮你看清信息以及原料流向的工具3VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003BenefitsofValueStreamMapping

价值流向图的益处Promotesvisualizationbeyondthesingle-processlevel–theentireproductionflowcanbeseen

把单一的过程图提高到视觉上-可以看见整个生产流程Providesacommonlanguagefortalkingaboutmanufacturingprocesses

提供了制造工艺的通用语言平台Formsthebasisofanimplementationplan

形成了执行计划的基础Demonstratesthelinkagebetweeninformationandmaterialflow

阐明了信息与物流之间的联接Describesindetailhowyourfacilityshouldoperateinordertocreateasmoothflow

详细的描述了为建立一个顺畅的流程你的工厂应该如何运作Providesqualitativemetricsforbaselineandimprovements

提供基线和改进的量化矩阵表4VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003ValueStreamMaps:Current

价值流向图:现在5VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003ValueStreamMapIcons

价值流向图的图标Customerorsuppliersofrawmaterials

客户或原料供应商Deliveryofeitherrawmaterialorshipmentsoffinishedgoods

原料的交付或者成品的交付ProcessBox过程盒Inventory库存Describetypeandmountundertheicon 在图标下描述类型和装配Databox数据盒Categorieshererepresenttheminimumneeded

此处的分类代表了最少的需求量6VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003InformationFlow

信息流80linkages/mo-40silver-20gold-20blackTray10Pieces2shiftsPRODUCTION

CONTROL生产控制MRP90/60/30day天Forecasts预测CUSTOMER客户6-weekForecast6周预测PacificSteelCo.PacificSteelCo.PacificSteelCo.WeeklyFax每周传真DailyShipSchedule日发运表DailyOrder每日订单WeeklySchedule周计划7VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003ProcessFlow

工艺流8VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003ProductionLeadTime/ValueAddedTime

生产提前期/增值时间

9VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003CustomerLoop客户链PacemakerLoopBatchLoopBatchLoopSupplierLoop供应商链ProcessLoops

过程链10VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003StateStreetCaseStudyReadtheStateStreetCaseStudy阅读StateStreet案例研究WorkinasmallgrouptocreateaCurrentStateMapforStateStreet分成小组制定StateStreet的当前状态图11VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003KeyPointson

ValueStreamMapping

价值流向图的绘制Makeswasteandnon-valueaddedactivitiesreadilyapparent让浪费及非增值行为显而易见Requiresonepersonorteamtoownaproductfamily’sVALUESTREAM需要由一人或团队来负责一类产品的价值流Coordinateschange对变更进行协调Emphasisisonvaluestream,not“spot”improvements强调整个价值流，而不是“点”上的提高Showsthevaluestreamandleadtimeinasimple,visualway以简单、可见的方式来显示价值流及提前期12VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003MappingtheFutureState

绘制将来的状态Onceweknowthecurrentstate,wecanlookfor:

一旦我们知道目前的状态,我们就能寻找:Wastetoeliminate要排除的浪费Constraints,instabilities,andnon-standarditems制约的,不稳定的以及不标准的项目Opportunitiestoimprovetheflowofmaterialsandinformation

改善物料和信息流的机会Establishingleanthinkingasthewaywerunourplants

运行我们工厂时树立起精益制造的思维.13VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003SevenTypesofWaste:

七种浪费:Overproduction过量生产Transportation运输Inventory库存Motion动作Correction纠正Overprocessing过量加工Waiting浪费14VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003IdentifyingOpportunitiesforChange

识别变化的机会15VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003PlanningtheFutureState

为将来的状态做计划Whatisthetakttime? 什么是节拍时间?Dowebuildtoa“supermarket”ortoshipping?

我们的制造是针对“超级市场”还是发运?Canwehaveoneplaceforordering?

我们能否有一个地方下订单?Wheredoweusesupermarketpullsystemstocontrolupstreamprocesses?

我们在哪需要使用超级市场的拉动系统来控制上游过程?Whereisthepacemakerprocess?

领头人过程在哪里?Whatincrementofworkdowereleaseatthepacemakerprocess?

在领头人的过程中哪种增加的工作量我们要释放出来?Howdoweleveltheproductionmix?

我们如何平衡混合生产?Wherecanweimprovetheprocess?

我们可以在哪里改进工艺?16VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003FutureState

将来状态17VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003ValueStreamMapApplication

价值流向图的应用KeyComponentsoftheplantoachievethefuturestateinclude:

用以完成将来状态的关键计划部分：Yourfuture-statemap

将来状态的路径图Anynecessaryprocess-levelmaps(loops)

所有必要的、过程级别的路径图(链)Ayearlyvaluestreamplan

年度价值流计划18VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003Putti