山东省潍坊市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题

试卷类型：A高二英语2024.1注意事项：1.答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whereisthedesignclass?A.Downalevel. B.Upalevel. C.Onthesamelevel.2.Whatdoesthemanlikebestabouttheapartment?A.Itsprettygarden. B.Itslargerooms. C.Itsconvenientlocation.3.WhatwillthewomandoonSaturday?A.Gotothebeach. B.Gotoaparty. C.Gotowork.4.Whatisthewomansavingmoneyfor?A.Donationstoaproject. B.Theelectricitybill. C.Anewcar.5.Whatistheman’sfavoritesubject?A.Art. B.Math. C.Literature.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson. B.Classmates. C.Brotherandsister.7.Whoisprobablythebestplayerintheclubnow?A.Sam. B.Ming. C.Vince.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whichcountryistheman’sseconddestination?A.France. B.Italy. C.Spain.9.WhywillthemanspendmoretimeinSpain?A.TolearnSpanish. B.Togosightseeing. C.Tovisithisrelatives.10.Howmanydayswillthetriplast?A.10. B.12. C.17.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.What’stheman’sspecialrequest?A.Nodrinks. B.Nocheese. C.Onionrings.12.Whydoesthemanrefusedessert?A.Hethinksittooexpensive.B.Hedoesn’tlikesweetfoods.C.Hewon’thavetimetoeatit.13.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant. B.Inacompanycafeteria. C.Intheman’skitchen.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Howisthewomanfeelingnow?A.Tired. B.Excited. C.Surprised.15.Wheredoesthemancomefromoriginally?A.SanFrancisco. B.London. C.Beijing.16.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Christmas. B.TheSpringFestival. C.TheDragonBoatFestival.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whattypeofproblemisthetrainnetworkexperiencing?A.Aweatherproblem. B.Anelectricalproblem. C.Atechniqueproblem.18.WhenwillthetrainarriveatManchesterstation?A.At1:00pm. B.At1:30pm. C.At2:00pm.19.WhatshouldpassengerstoWigando?A.Takeabusinstead. B.Takethenexttrain. C.Walktoadifferentstation.20.WhichplatformwillthetraintoWestKirbyleavefromnow?A.PlatformF. B.PlatformG. C.PlatformK.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThousandsofbooksarepublisheddaily,andbookadvertisementsplayacrucialroleinincreasingawarenessaboutthosebooks.Butit’stooeasytobetrickedintobad“advertisingopportunities”andmakethewrongdecisions.Hereareseveralformsofdigitaladvertisingproventoworkwell.Facebookadvertising:Facebookprovidestheperfectadvertisingplatformforauthorsbecauseitallowstargetingveryspecificcategoriesofpeople.Theotheradvantageisthatit’seasytotest.Youcanstartwithabudgetaslowas$5andgraduallyincreaseyourmonetary(货币的)commitmentifyourreturnoninvestmentispositive.Amazonadvertising:Amazonallowsyoutoshowadsaboutyourbookdirectlyonotherbookpagesandsearchresultpages.SincetheirmainUSrolloutin2017,they’vebecomethemosteffectiveadvertisingplaceforauthors.Bookbubadvertising:Bookbubrolledoutaself-serveadplatformin2016,whichthey’vegreatlyimprovedsince.It’salesscompetitiveplayingfieldthanFacebookorAmazon,butitdoeshaveitsfeatures.Discount/promotionadvertising:Ifyou’rerunningadiscountorfreepromotionononeofyourbooks,youcamapplytohaveitadvertisedinthenewslettersofplatformssuchasFreebooksy,Bargainbooksy,etc.Othertypesofadvertisingincludesearchadvertising,Goodreadsadvertising,banneradsonwebsites,etc.Thesehaven’tproducedthesameeffectiveresultsformostauthorsyet,buttheycouldbejustaseffective(ormore)ifyouwriteinacertainfield.21.WhatisspecialabouttheFacebookadvertising?A.Itiseasyforauthorstoaccess.B.Itaimsatsavingmoneyforreaders.C.Itallowsadjustinginvestmentbyprofit.D.Itincludesdifferentcategoriesofinformation.22.Whichissuitabletopromoteyourbookwithadiscount?A.Facebook. B.Amazon. C.Bookbub. D.Freebooksy.23.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Togetreaderstobuymorebooks.B.Toraisepeople’sreadingawareness.C.Toofferauthorsadvertisingplatforms.D.Tohelppublisherscommunicatewithreaders.BWorkingataninvestmentbankinNewYorkCityinthemid-2010s.AnnaSackswaslivingthelife—justnotthelifeshewanted.Sure,shewashappy.Butshewantedtodosomethingthatfeltimportantandwasfulfillingonadeeperlevel.SackspackedupherlifeandmovedtoConnecticutforthreemonthstoparticipateinAdamah,aJewishfarmingprogramthatfocusesonsustainablelivingandgrowingsustainablefood.TheAdamahprogramopenedSacks’seyestothedamageconsumercultureisdoingonalocal,national,andgloballevel,andtheneedtofindsolutions.Fromthenon,shebeganwhatshecalls“trash(垃圾)walking.”Whilewalkingaroundherneighborhood,Sacks,31,pickedthroughrubbishtolookforreusableitems.Soon,hertrashwalksexpandedtoincludecompanyrubbishalongwithresidentialtrash.Surprisingly,shediscoveredawiderangeofreallygreatstuff—likeclothing,dinnerware,andfood—allofwhichshedocumentsonInstagramandTikTok.UnderthenameTheTrashWalker,Sacksquicklygainedpopularityforhereducational,funny,andsurprisingvideosthathighlighttheproblemswithconsumerismandshareinformationabouthowtoliveamoresustainablelife.“Therootissueisoverproduction,whichleadstooverconsumption,whichleadstoalargeamountofwaste,”shesays.Sacks’svideoshavegoneviralmanytimes,causingshockwavesthroughtheindustriesshecallsout.TrashwalkinghasgivenSacksanearlyendlesssupplyandshesharesmuchofher“treasure”withothers.Shetriesgivingtheminformallytofamily,friends,orindividualssheknowsmayneedaspecificitem.ThenshetakestheremainingitemstofreestoressootherNewYorkerscanbenefitfromhertreasure-hunting.Sacks’smainfocusissimplygettingpeopletopayattentiontohowmanyunnecessarythingstheybuyandthenthrowaway.“Onceyoubecomeawareofthewayyouconsume,youcanseewaysyouimprove,”shesays.24.WhatinspiredSackstobeginher“trashwalking”?A.Herdesiretolivearicherlife. B.Thegreatneedforhouseholdstuff.C.Herinvolvementinaproject. D.ThewishtobeanInternetstar.25.WhatdoSacks’videosfocuson?A.Funnystories. B.Viewsonconsumption.C.Educationalcourses. D.Solutionstoproblems.26.HowdoesSacksdealwithhertrash?A.Shedonatesalltothecharity. B.Shekeepsmostforherfamily.C.Shegivesawaymuchtoothers. D.Shesellssometoindividuals.27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TrashWalker:FindTreasureinTrash.B.TrashWalking:AToughJourney.C.TrashWalker:LiveintheMoment.D.TrashWalking:ANewCareer.CWhenyoueagerlydigintoalong-anticipateddinner,signalsfromyourstomachtoyourbrainkeepyoufromeatingsomuchthatyou’llregretit—orsoit’sbeenthought.ThattheoryhadneverreallybeendirectlytesteduntilateamofscientistsatUniversityofCalifornia,SanFranciscorecentlytookupthequestion.Theteam,ledbyZacharyKnight,aprofessorofUCSFphysiologydiscoveredthatourtastebuds(味蕾)arethefirstlineofdefenseagainsteatingtoofast.Thestudy,publishedinthejournalNature,providesscientistswithanovelperspectiveonhowwecontrolourappetiteandcouldmakecleartheefficacyofweight-lossdrugslikeOzempic.TruongLy,PhD,agraduatestudentinKnight’slab,developednewtechniquesallowingfortheimagingandrecordingofabrainstemstructurecriticalforfeelingfullinanawake,activemouse.Theteamfoundthatwhentheyputfooddirectlyintothemouse’sstomach,braincellscalledPRLHwhichinfluencesappetitewereactivatedbynutrientsignalssentfromthestomach,inlinewithtraditionalthinkingandtheresultsofpriorstudies.However,whentheyallowedthemicetoeatthefoodastheynormallywould,thosesignalsfromthestomachdidn’tshowup.Instead,thePRLHbraincellsswitchedtoanewactivitypatternthatwasentirelycontrolledbysignalsfromthemouth.“Itwasatotalsurprisethatthesecellswereprovokedbysenseoftaste,”saidLy.“Itshowsthatthereareothercomponentsoftheappetite-controlsystemthatweshouldbethinkingabout.”Theresearchindicatesthatwhenwe’rehungry,ourbrainusestasteintwodifferentwaysatthesametime—onetellingustoeatmorebecauseittastesgood,andanotherpartiswatchinghowfastyou’reeatingandsaying,“Slowdownoryou’regoingtobesick.”Theresearchindicatesthatourbrainintegratestaste,ratherthanonlyrelyingonstomachsignaling,tocontroleatingbehavior.Theteamplanstoinvestigatehowtastesignalsinteractwithfeedbackfromthestomachtosuppress(抑制)ourappetiteduringameal.28.WhatdoesthestudyconductedbyUCSFfind?A.Ozempiciseffectiveinweightloss.B.Stomachshaveeffectsonourappetite.C.Senseoftastecanaffectthespeedofeating.D.Theexpectationfordinnerinfluencesfoodintake.29.WhatcanwelearnaboutPRLHbraincellsinparagraph3?A.Theyarecrucialtoprovidingnutrients.B.Theiractivitiescanalsoberuledbytastesignals.C.Theirfunctionsaredeterminedbyregularmeals.D.Theycanbeimprovedbysignalsfromstomachandtaste.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“provoke”inparagraph4mean?A.Stimulate. B.Damage. C.Manage. D.Restrict.31.Whatwillthefollowingresearchbeabout?A.Stomachfeedbackforappetite. B.Interactionoftasteandstomach.C.Thefunctionsoftastesignals. D.Developmentofweight-lossdrugs.DAllthehardworkthatyou’vespentmakingstrongpasswords,combiningpetnameswithnumbers,symbolsandbirthdatescouldallsoonbefornothingasanewartificialintelligence(AI)modelachievesa95%accuracyofunderstandingkeystrokes(按键).Atleastthat’stheextremeviewofateamofBritishresearchers.Usingadeeplearningmodel,theywereabletostealdatafromalaptop’skeyboardusingamicrophonetounderstandwhatisbeingtyped.This,intheory,wouldallowhackerswhowereabletogainaccesstoyourlaptoptoobtainwhatisbeingtypedincludingmessagesandpasswords.Thefirststepforthisattacktoworkisbyrecordingthekeystrokesonsomeone’skeyboard.Thisisneededtotrainthealgorithm(计算程序).Whilethiscouldbedonefromthelaptop’smicrophone,itcouldequallybeachievedbyplacingasmartphonenearthecomputer.Bypressing36keysonamodemMacBookPro25timeseachandrecordingthesoundsproduced,theresearchersgainedafullsetoftrainingdata.Thisinformationisturnedintowaveformstoshowidentifiabledifferencesbetweeneachkey.Withthisinformationinhand,theycouldthenbuildamachine-learningmodeltounderstandwhichofthesewaveformslinesupwithwhichkey.“Ifyougetenoughdata,amodelcanbebuiltprettyeasily,”OliBuckley,aprofessorofInternetsecurity.“Ifitworksononekeyboard,itwilllikelyworkonthenext.TheMacBookhasanice,quietkeyboard,sotheideaisthatifitworksonsomethingquiet,itwillhaveawide-reachingabilityonlouderkeyboards”.Whilethisallsoundsprettyscary,nottomentionanewformofhacking(侵入)tolookoutfor,itisn’tquiteasworryingasitsounds.“Agoodsampleofdataisneededforittowork,sothischangesifyou’reusingaDell,aMacBookoranexternalkeyboard.Also,factorschange.Somepeopletypeloaderandharder,ormykeyboardsfullofeathairsothatimpactsthingsslightly”,saysBuckley.32.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Whyprotectivestepsareneeded.B.Whyasetoftrainingdataisvital.C.Howyoudocumentsecretinformation.D.Howhackersgaindatafromtargetedcomputers.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph4referto?A.Thekeyboard. B.Themodel. C.Thewaveform. D.Thecomputer.34.WhatdoBuckley’swordsimplyinthelastparagraph?A.AIunderstandsexactlywhatyou’retyping.B.Purchasingexpensivecomputerisnecessary.C.Catsplayanimportantroleinprivacyprotection.D.Buildinganaccuratedatasetthroughkeystrokesisnoteasy.35.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Ascarydangerisontheway.B.Anewformofhackingtroublesus.C.AIcantransformthedigitalworldinabigway.D.AIcandiscoverpasswordsbylisteningtoyoutype.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ego(自我意识)candestroyambitionandsuccess.Itcanpreventusfromknowingourselvesandholdusback.36Soitdisappearsfromthefrontofyourmind.Feelingsofsuperiority(优越感)aredestructive.Relationships,whetherpersonalorprofessional,caneasilyberuinedifyouconsideryourselfsuperior.Youwillsoondistanceyourselffromothersifyouadoptanattitudeofsuperiority.37Theurgetowineveryconflictandtoalwaysberightisextremelyunwise.Winningunimportantbattleswillpreventyoufromsteppingbackandassessingtheconsequencesofyouractions.Youwillnotbeabletotakeacool,calmoverview.38Thiswillholdyoubackwhenyouneedthehelpandco-operationofotherstoachieveyourgoals.39Ontheroadtosuccessandafulfillinglife,rememberthatyouwillhaveenoughforyourneedsateverystage.Theconstantpushtogetmorecanbeexhaustingandwillaffectyourabilitytomakeprogress.Donotgiveintoyourego’sneedformoreandwecanleadasimplerlife.Gettingridofyourego,therefore,issomethingthatyoucanachievebyshiftingyourapproachtolife.40Thenyouwillfindthatyounowfacelessofastruggle.Withoutyouregomakingdemandsofyou,youwillbecomeamorepleasant,accessible,andeasy-goingcharacterwithanenviablereputation.A.Weshouldrespecteveryone’slifestyle.B.Learntobesatisfiedwithwhatyouhave. C.It’snecessarytounderstandthedamageitdoestous.D.Lifeismuchlessenjoyablewhenyouareanoutsider.E.Thetricktotheproblemistoquietenthevoiceofego.F.Weshouldleadalessdemandinglife,withlesspressureonourselves.G.Theneedtobealwaysrightleadstounpopularityandothers’negativeviewofyou.第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Caring17-year-old,LaurenSchroeder,wasinspiredtohelpbringhealthyfoodtoneedyfamiliesinhercommunity.Whenshewasjust14,shevolunteeredatalocal41tohelpfillboxesforpeopleinneedwithcannedandpackagedfood.Shefeltsomethingwasmissing:freshvegetables.“Ithoughtitwouldbegreatto42that,”LaurentoldtheWashingtonPostabouthermotivationtogrowand43homegrownproduce.This44teenthentoldherparentsofherdesiretostartagardenontheirfamilyfarm.Initially,whileproudofherdaughter’s45,Lauren’smother,Katie,admittedtosome46,wonderinghowmuchworkthiswouldmean.Comingfromafarmingfamily,Laurenhadsome47withagriculture,butshehadnevertriedgrowing48atscale(规模).She49plantsonline,checkingtheinstructionsonhowtotakecareofeachcrop.Shethensecureda50fromtheNationalFFAOrganization,whichsupports51education,tocoverseeds(种子)andgardeningsupplies.Andimportantly,Laurendidn’t52fromhardwork.DuringIowa’shotanddrysummers,shehadto53hercropsforaroundthreehourdaily.Shealso54cheekedforharmfulinsects,andbentdowntopickhergreenbeancrop,themostchallengingvegetabletoharvestinheropinion.Withassistancefromherfamily,Laurenhasdonatedmorethan7,000poundsofhomegrownproduceinthepasttwoyears.Shehasalsowonthe55ofhercommunity.41.A.factory B.school C.shelter D.shop42.A.examine B.tolerate C.discover D.change43.A.donate B.promote C.purchase D.process44.A.honey-mouthed B.kind-hearted C.good-mannered D.open-minded45.A.reputation B.hobby C.vision D.agenda46.A.mistakes B.truths C.regrets D.concerns47.A.familiarity B.difficulty C.doubt D.patience48.A.fruits B.vegetables C.grains D.trees49.A.mentioned B.shared C.ranked D.researched50.A.title B.place C.fund D.plan51.A.agricultural B.cultural C.environmental D.special52.A.falloff B.setapart C.shyaway D.goback53.A.gather B.water C.observe D.plant54.A.frequently B.impatiently C.occasionally D.leisurely55.A.interest B.admiration C.welfare D.competition第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。“Chinesecivilizationisoneofthemostfascinatingandlastingintheworld,”FrancesWood,awell-knownBritishSinologist,said.Wood56(appreciate)ChinesehistoryeversinceshestudiedatPekingUniversity,57loveforChinesecultureisreflectedinherdailylife.Thefrontyardofherhouseisfullofbamboo,andherbookshelf58(load)withChineseandEnglishbooksrelatedtoChina.ShekeepsnumerousgiftsgiventoherbyChinesefriends,suchassmallPekingOperamasks,Chinesecalligraphyworksandpaintings.Asajudgeinthe“ChineseBridge”languagecontest59(hold)inLondonforBritishuniversitystudents,shewasamazedbytheirgreatpassionforlearningMandarin.“TheywerenotonlyfluentMandarinspeakersbutalsoexcellentperformers,withtalents60(range)frommusicalinstrumentstomartialarts,”shesays.“Peoplenowhavesuchagoodopportunity61(go)toChina,tovisitandlearnfrompeopleinChina.TheopportunitiesaremuchgreaterthantheywerewhenIstartedlearning,”shesays.OneofherfavoriteChinesewordsistheone62owl,maotouying.Sheexplains,“Iloveitbecauseitimmediatelygivesyouapictureof63anowllookslike.”Sucha“wonderful64(combine)”ofChinesecharactersoffershermuchpleasure.ForWood,learningChineseis65“endlessprocess”,whichisstill“endlesslyfascinating”.第三节单词拼写（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）根据汉语及首字母提示写出单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。66.Intheend,af__________(根本的)keytohealthyeatingistoeatslowly.67.Guestsp__________(恐慌)andscreamedwhentheearthquakehitthearea.68.Thebluewaterliterallytooktheirb__________(呼吸)awaywithitsexceptionalbeauty.69.Intime,hegainedr__________(承认)asoneofthegreatestartistsChinahaseverknown.70.Afterworkingouteveryday,Ifeelmored__________(充满活力的)andstrongerinbothbodyandmind.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假设你是李华，你校外教Adam打算开设一门与英语相关的选修课，目前正在广泛征集学生们的意见，请你给外教写封电子邮件，提出你的建议，内容包括：1.课程简介；2.说明理由。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearAdam,Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。SwimBuddiesIleane