备考2024届高考英语一轮复习课时提能第一部分过透教材Unit5LaunchingYourCareer新人教版选择性必修第四册

Unit5LaunchingYourCareer一、阅读理解A[责任担当/2023渝琼辽名校仿真模拟联考]MyparentsranthePagonisRestaurant，asmalleateryinCharleroi，Pennsylvania，andmyfirstrealjob，whenIwassixyearsold，wasshiningdiners’shoes.MydutiesincreasedasIgrewolder.BytheageoftenIwasclearingtablesandworkingasthejanitor（清洁工）.DadbeamedwhenhetoldmethatIwasthebest"mopguy"he’deverhad.WorkingintherestaurantwasasourceofgreatpridebecauseIwaspitchinginforthegoodofthewholefamily.ButmyfathermadeitclearthatIhadtomeetcertainstandardstobepartoftheteam.Ihadtoberesponsible，hard-workingandpolitetothecustomers.Exceptfortheshoeshinejob，IwasneverpaidforanyworkIdidattherestaurant.OnedayImadethemistakeoftellingDadIthoughtheshouldgiveme$10aweek.Hesaid，"Okay，thenhowaboutyoupayingmeforthethreemealsadayyoueathere？Andforthetimesyoubringinyourbuddiesforfreesodas？"HefiguredIowedhimabout$40aweek.Thistaughtmethatwhenyounegotiate，you’dbetterknowtheotherside’sargumentsaswellasyourown.IremembercominghometoCharleroiafterbeingawayinthearmyabouttwoyears.IhadjustbeenpromotedtocaptainandwasfullofprideasIwalkedintomyparents’restaurant.ThefirstthingDadsaidwas，"It’sthejanitor’sdayoff.Howaboutyoucleaninguptonight？""Ican’tbelievethis！"Ithought."I’manofficerintheUnitedStatesArmy！"Butitdidn’tmatter.AsfarasDadwasconcerned，Iwasjustanothermemberoftheteam.Ireachedforthemop.WorkingforDadhadtaughtmethatloyaltytoateamcomesfirst.Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherthatteamisinvolvedinafamilyrestaurantorinthearmy.这是一篇记叙文。作者幼时起就在父母经营的餐馆帮工，在这期间，父亲教导作者：整个家庭作为一个团队，每一个成员都要努力担负起自己的责任。后来作者当了军官，回到餐馆时，父亲还是让他拿起拖把，担负起在家庭里的责任。1.Howwastheauthor’sworkattherestaurant？A.Itwasunpaid.B.Itwasbeyondhispower.C.Itwasnegotiable.D.Itwasthoughthighlyofbyhisfather.解析D细节理解题。由第一段中的"BytheageoftenIwasclearingtablesandworkingasthejanitor（清洁工）.DadbeamedwhenhetoldmethatIwasthebest‘mopguy’he’deverhad"可知，父亲对作者的清洁工作评价很高，很赞赏，故选D项。2.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"pitchingin"inParagraph2mean？A.Doingmybit.B.Swallowingmypride.C.Makingasacrifice.D.Earningaliving.解析A词义猜测题。由画线短语前的"Workingintherestaurantwasasourceofgreatpride"可知，作者在自家小餐馆工作是有自豪感的，因为他为了整个家庭的利益，付出了自己的一份努力，所以画线短语应该表示"出了自己的一份力"，故选A项。3.WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromParagraph4？A.Hegotannoyedathisfather’swords.B.Hehadn’texpectedtobetreatedasbefore.C.Hisfatherdidn’trealizehewasanhonoredcaptain.D.Hisfatherfullyunderstoodhisson’sprideasanofficer.解析B推理判断题。由第四段中的"IremembercominghometoCharleroiafterbeingawayintheArmyabouttwoyears.IhadjustbeenpromotedtocaptainandwasfullofprideasIwalkedintomyparents’restaurant.ThefirstthingDadsaidwas，‘It’sthejanitor’sdayoff.Howaboutyoucleaninguptonight？’‘Ican’tbelievethis！’Ithought.‘I’manofficerintheUnitedStatesArmy！’"可知，作者为自己的军官的身份很自豪，认为自己和以前不一样了。可是爸爸还是把他看成家庭团队中的普通一员，对待他和以前一样，让他打扫。不难得知，作者很意外，故选B项。4.Whatqualitiesarerequiredtobeagoodteammemberaccordingtothetext？A.Responsibilityandgenerosity.B.Politenessandkindness.C.Diligenceandfaithfulness.D.Devotionandambition.解析C推理判断题。由第二段中的"Ihadtomeetcertainstandardstobepartoftheteam.Ihadtoberesponsible，hard-workingandpolitetothecustomers"可知，根据文中父亲的标准，一个团队的成员应该勤奋、责任心强。behard-working与diligence意思一致，beresponsible和faithfulness意义一致，故选C项。B[2023湖南长沙雅礼中学二模]KnownonthesocialmediaastheSiouxChef，SeanShermangrewuponthePineRidgeIndianReservation.HeisreconnectingthelocalsofNorthAmericawithnativeflavorsandingredients，andworkingtoinspireagenerationofindigenous（本土的）chefstoreclaimtheircookingpast.PineRidgeinSouthDakotacontainssomeofthepoorestcommunitiesinthecountry，andit’soutofthatenvironmentthatShermangothisfirstjobintherestaurantindustryasadishwasheratalocalsteakhouse.Ashedevelopedaloveofcooking，whichsawhimmovetoMinneapolistostudyJapaneseandFrenchcuisines，Shermanrealizedhedidn’tknowindigenousrecipes."WhatweremyLakotaancestorseatingandstoringaway？Howweretheygettingoils，saltsandfatsandthingslikethat？"ShermanrememberedaskinghimselfinaninterviewonPBSNewsHour."Soittookmequiteafewyearsofjustresearching，butitreallybecameapassion."Theseyearsofresearching，talkingtoelders，andconsultingwrittenmaterialhelpedhimproduceTheSiouxChef’sIndigenousKitchen，whichin2018wonShermantheJamesBeardAwardforBestAmericanCookbook.Afterpublishingthebook，Shermanopenedhisrestaurant，Owamni，inMinneapolisandcreatedtheNorthAmericanTraditionalIndigenousFoodSystems（NATIFS）.Itisaprofessionalindigenouskitchenandtrainingcenterthatseekstocreateaneducationalspacefornativechefstobetrainedanddeveloptheirskills，andreconnectwiththeircookingheritage."Partofourchallengetoourselveswastocutoutingredientsthatarenotnativesowestoppedusingdairy，wheatflourandcanesugar，"hesaid.Hecookswithlocalingredients.Hischoicesofmeatsarethesameasthosehuntedbyhisancestors—deer，fish，andbirds."Forindigenouspeoplewhowentthroughverystrongassimilation（同化现象），welostalotofourfoodculture，"Shermansaid."Butwe’reatapointnowwherewecanreclaimitanddevelopitforthenextgeneration.Tobeabletoshareculturethroughfoodwillbereallyhealing."SeanSherman在松树岭印第安人保留地长大。他致力于重新确定本土菜肴的地位，并且鼓励更多的人成为本土厨师，以对抗现如今世界各地菜肴的严重同化。1.WhatdidShermanrealizewhenhewasinMinneapolis？A.Hedidn’thaveenoughcookingpassion.B.Heshouldspendafewyearsresearchingcooking.C.Heshouldwriteabookabouttheindigenousrecipes.D.Hedidn’tknowhisLakotaancestors’cookingwaysandingredients.解析D细节理解题。由第二段中的"Ashedevelopedaloveofcooking，whichsawhimmovetoMinneapolistostudyJapaneseandFrenchcuisines，Shermanrealizedhedidn’tknowindigenousrecipes"和第三段中的"WhatweremyLakotaancestorseatingandstoringaway？"可知，Sherman在明尼阿波利斯的时候意识到了他不知道他的拉科塔祖先的烹饪方法和配料，故选D。2.ShermansetuptheNATIFScenterto.A.makemoneyandopenhisownrestaurantB.buildaneducationalspaceforlocalchildrenC.trainandhelplocalchefstocooklocalfoodD.teachnativechefsthemostsuperbcookingskills解析C细节理解题。由第五段内容可知，Sherman创办北美传统土著食品系统就是为了培训当地厨师，发展他们自己的技能并重拾他们的烹饪传统，故选C。3.WhatisaproblemforhisnativecookingcultureaccordingtoSherman？A.Verystrongassimilation.B.Itshighspeedofevolution.C.Toomuchmeatinthediet.D.Indigenousrecipesthatcan’tbeshared.解析A细节理解题。由最后一段中的"‘Forindigenouspeoplewhowentthroughverystrongassimilation（同化现象），welostalotofourfoodculture，’Shermansaid"可知，Sherman认为本土烹饪文化的最大问题就是被同化得太严重，失去了很多祖先的饮食文化，故选A。4.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage？A.Localrecipes：chefstrainedB.Localrecipes：fameachievedC.Localrecipes：restaurantsrefreshedD.Localrecipes：foodculturepreserved解析D标题归纳题。由第一段最后一句"HeisreconnectingthelocalsofNorthAmericawithnativeflavorsandingredients，andworkingtoinspireagenerationofindigenous（本土的）chefstoreclaimtheircookingpast"以及接下来几段的介绍可知，全文是围绕SeanSherman对保护本土餐饮文化所做的努力展开的，由此可知，"Localrecipes：foodculturepreserved"做文章标题最为合适。二、七选五[2023甘肃一诊]Ajobopeningisavacancywhichanemployerdesirestofill.1.Forjobseekers，trackingdownjobopeningsisveryimportant，whileemployerswanttoquicklyfillthepositionwiththebestpossibleperson.Whenanemployerrecognizestheneedforanewemployee，thepersoninchargeofhiringusuallysitsdownandcreatesanadvertisementforthejobopening.Typically，theadvertisementincludesthejobtitleandabriefdescriptionofthedutiesassociatedwiththejob.Thecompanynameisincluded，contactinformationisprovided，2.3.IfthejobiswithanInternetfirm，forexample，thejobwillusuallyappearonthecompanywebsiteandonrelevantonlinejobboards.Ifthejobisamorecasualretailjob，itmightbepublishedinlocalclassifiedads.Someemployersmayalsodirectlyadvertiseajobopeningwithasigninthewindow.4.Byresearchingtheinformationcarefully，theycandeterminewhetherornottheyarefitforajob.Jobapplicantsshouldfollowapplicationdirectionscarefully.5.Anapplicantwhodropsbyforacopyofajobapplicationintidyclothing，forexample，isfarmorelikelytogetthejob.Resumesandothersupportingmaterialsshouldalsobeneatlyorganizedtoprojectanairofresponsibilityandconfidence.A.Typically，suchopeningsareadvertisedB.TheyshouldalwayspresentthemselvesneatlyC.AjobopeningwillbepublishedinvariouslocationsD.andapplicantsarerequiredtooffertheirqualificationsE.andpotentialsalaryinformationmaybeincludedaswellF.PeoplelookingforjobopportunitiesgenerallysearchinparticularareasG.Applicantsshouldcarefullyreviewtheavailableinformationofajobopening本文主要介绍了用人单位制订招聘启事的过程，并重点介绍了求职者如何通过招聘信息确定应聘策略。1.A"Ajobopeningis...desirestofill"与A项衔接自然。A项中的openings与空前句子中的vacancy相对应。2.E由空前的逗号可知，答案锁定在D项和E项之中；由第二段尾句中的"Thecompanynameisincluded，contactinformationisprovided"可知，本空填E项。E项也在公司提供的信息范畴之内。3.C通读第三段内容可知，该段主要介绍了招聘广告的投放地点，包括线上发布、在橱窗标牌上贴出等。C项能充当该段的主题句。4.G由空处下句"Byresearchingthe...fitforajob"可知，通过仔细研究信息，他们可以确定自己是否适合一份工作，而G项中的carefullyreviewtheavailableinformationofajobopening与之相吻合。5.B由空后的"Anapplicantwho...togetthejob"可知，一个穿着整洁的、顺道来索要一份求职申请表的求职者得到这份工作的可能性要大得多，B项（他们应该始终整洁地展示自己）与此对应。三、完形填空[2023湖北武汉调研]Likemostpeople，Ihavetoworkforaliving.Wehaveabankloan，andother1wehavetopay.ButIcertainlydon’thaveanine-to-five2.IdecidedlongagothatIcouldnot3fixedworkinghoursforabigcompanyandthatIcertainlywasn’tsuitableto4inanofficedayinanddayout.Iwork5asawriter，gardendesigner，andsustainabilityconsultant.FormanydaysIworklonghours，butIhavealotof6andcontrolovereverything.Ihavefoundmy7—whatIreallywanttodo.ButIfullyappreciatethatmostpeoplearenotinsucha8positionandthatsomeofthemhavenochoicebutto9theworktheydonotlike.Therefore，manypeoplefeel10intheirjobsevenwhentheyarenotreallystuckatall.Findingsustainablesolutionsandabetterqualityoflifemeans11longandhardaboutwhatyoureallywanttodo，andhowyoucan12thatgoal.Workingforyourselfisbeneficialon13levels：Yousavetime，yousavemoney，andyoucanpotentially14yourcarbonfootprint.Considerthis：ManagementconsultancyfirmWSPfoundworkingfrom15canhelpreduceyourcarbonfootprintinthesummermonths.文章通过作者的自身经历传达了一个自由职业者的内心感受，阐明了自由职业的诸多好处。1.A.wages B.rentsC.bills D.fines解析C结合"Ihavetoworkforaliving.Wehaveabankloan"和常识可知，作者生活不易，有银行贷款和其他账单需要支付，故选C。wage工资，rent租金，bill账单，fine罚款。2.A.habit B.jobC.workout D.trip解析B由下文内容可知，作者是自由职业者，没有一份朝九晚五的工作，故选B。3.A.arrange B.resistC.avoid D.bear解析D由后文可知，此处应指作者很久以前就决定自己不能忍受大公司固定的工作时间，故选D。arrange安排，resist抵抗，avoid避免，bear忍受。4.A.arrive B.competeC.sit D.communicate解析C由语境可知，此处是指作者不适合日复一日地坐在办公室里，故选C。5.A.dully B.occasionallyC.cooperatively D.independently解析D此处应表示作者是独立工作的作家、花园设计师和可持续发展顾问，independently表示"独立地"，故选D。dully呆滞地，occasionally偶尔，cooperatively合作地。6.A.judgment B.flexibi