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2018年江苏省高考英语试卷解析版参考答案与试题解析第一部分听力(共两节,满分5分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.(1分)WhatwillJamesdotomorrow?A.WatchaTVprogram.B.Giveatalk.C.Writeareport.【考点】15:短对话理解.【分析】略【解答】B【点评】略2.(1分)Whatcanwesayaboutthewoman?A.She'sgenerous.B.She'scurious.C.She'shelpful.【考点】15:短对话理解.【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略3.(1分)Whendoesthetrainleave?A.At6:30.B.At8:30.C.At10:30.【考点】15:短对话理解.【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略4.(1分)Howdoesthewomangotowork?A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bybike.【考点】15:短对话理解.【分析】略【解答】B【点评】略5.(1分)Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Doctorandpatient.【考点】15:短对话理解.【分析】略【解答】A【点评】略第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。6.(2分)听材料,回答下列各题.(1)Whatdoesthewomanregret?A.Givingupherresearch.B.Droppingoutofcollege.C.Changinghermajor.(2)Whatisthewomaninterestedinstudyingnow?A.Ecology.B.Education.C.Chemistry.【考点】16:长对话理解.【分析】略【解答】BA【点评】略7.(2分)听材料,回答下列各题.(1)Whatistheman?A.Ahotelmanager.B.Atourguide.C.Ataxidriver.(2)Whatisthemandoingforthewoman?A.Lookingforsomelocalfoods.B.Showingheraroundtheseaside.C.Offeringinformationaboutahotel.【考点】16:长对话理解.【分析】略【解答】BC【点评】略8.(3分)听材料,回答下列各题.(1)Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inanoffice.B.Athome.C.Atarestaurant.(2)Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrowevening?A.Gotoaconcert.B.Visitafriend.C.Workextrahours.(3)WhoisAlicegoingtocall?A.Mike.B.Joan.C.Catherine.【考点】16:长对话理解.【分析】略【解答】CAB【点评】略9.(4分)听材料,回答下列各题.(1)Whydoesthewomanmeettheman?A.Tolookatanapartment.B.Todeliversomefurniture.C.Tohaveamealtogether.(2)Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthecarpet?A.Itscolor.B.Itsdesign.C.Itsquality.(3)Whatdoesthemansayaboutthekitchen?A.It'sagoodsize.B.It'snewlypainted.C.It'sadequatelyequipped.(4)Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Godowntown.B.Talkwithherfriend.C.Makepayment.【考点】16:长对话理解.【分析】略【解答】AACB【点评】略10.(4分)听材料,回答下列各题.(1)Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.Moviefans.B.Newsreporters.C.Collegestudents.(2)WhendidthespeakertakeEnglishclasses?A.Beforehelefthishometown.B.AfterhecametoAmerica.C.Whenhewas15yearsold.(3)Howdoesthespeakerfeelabouthisteacher?A.He'sproud.B.He'ssympathetic.C.He'sgrateful.(4)Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Howeducationshapedhislife.B.Howhislanguageskillsimproved.C.Howhemanagedhisbusinesswell.【考点】16:长对话理解.【分析】略【解答】CBCA【点评】略第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分15分)第一节:单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)请认真阅读下面各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例:Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_______heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever答案是B.11.(1分)Byboatistheonlywaytogethere,whichis_______wearrived.()A.where B.when C.why D.how【考点】HD:表语从句.【分析】乘船是我们到达那里的唯一方法,这就是我们如何到达这里的.【解答】分析句子的结构可知,is后面为一个句子,是表语从句,结合句意可知,应该是强调的到达的方式.所以用how来引导.where表示地点,when表示时间,而why表示原因,均不符合句子的语境.故选:D.【点评】本句是一个名词性从句,解题时要分析句子的结构判断是什么从句,然后根据不同从句的解题技巧选出不正确的答案.同位语从句属于名词性从句中的一种,也是学生们需要掌握的一种基本的英语句型,引导名词性从句的连接词选择是考试的重点,学会分析从句的句子成分是解决名词性从句的解题关键.12.(1分)Kidsshouldn'thaveaccesstoviolentfilmsbecausetheymight_______thethingstheysee.()A.indicate B.investigate C.imitate D.innovate【考点】AE:动词的辨析.【分析】孩子们不应该接触暴力电影,因为他们可能模仿他们看到的东西.【解答】考查动词词义辨析.indicate表明,指示;象征,暗示;investigate调查;审查;imitate模仿,效仿;仿造,伪造;innovate改革,创新.句意:孩子们不应该接触暴力电影,因为他们可能模仿他们看到的东西.故选:C.【点评】本题考查动词词义辨析.在熟知词义的基础上,再联系句子所表达的含义,从而选出正确的答案.13.(1分)Self﹣drivingisanarea_______Chinaandtherestoftheworldareonthesamestartingline.()A.that B.where C.which D.when【考点】H1:限制性定语从句.【分析】自动驾驶是一个中国和世界上其它国家在同样起点的领域.【解答】考查限制性定语从句.本题先行词为area,后面句子完整,故选用关系副词where(此处area为抽象地点概念).以下名词也经常被视作抽象地点case/point/activity/game/job/race/situation/condition/family/system/letter等.故选:B.【点评】考查定语从句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系,把主句与从句分别翻译出来,然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来.引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等和关系副词where,when,why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分.如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句.14.(1分)It'sstrangethathe_______havetakenthebookswithouttheowner'spermission.()A.would B.should C.could D.might【考点】A6:情态动词;GJ:虚拟语气.【分析】真奇怪,没有主人的允许,他竟然把书拿走了.【解答】考查情态动词.would将,将会;愿意;should应该;应当;竟然;could能;会;可能;might也许;有可能会;或许(是);可能(是).在Itisdemanded/necessary/apity+that…等结构的主语从句,谓语动词用should加动词原形,should可省略.情态动词should表示说话人对某一动作或状态的表示惊讶的态度.句意:真奇怪,没有主人的允许,他竟然把书拿走了.故选:B.【点评】本题考查情态动词的用法.情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度,所以在做题时应该把握好说话人的情感态度.另外还要掌握一些情态动词的特殊意义和用法.如:must表示与说话人愿望相反或不耐烦,意为"偏要,硬要".should表示惊讶,意思为"竟然".would+动词原形,表示过去的习惯或某种倾向,意为"过去常常".shall用于第二人称和第三人称,表示命令、警告、允诺、威胁、规定等.15.(1分)DevelopingtheYangtzeRiverEconomicBeltisasystematicprojectwhich_______aclearroadmapandtimetable.()A.callsfor B.callson C.callsoff D.callsup【考点】A9:动词短语.【分析】发展长江经济带是一项系统工程,它需要一份清晰的线路图和时间表.【解答】考查动词短语.callfor需要;callon拜访(某人);calloff取消;callup给…打.根据句意,A项正确.故选:A.【点评】考查动词短语词义辨析.弄清楚各个动词短语的词义,准确地翻译句子及备选答案,然后选择最符合题意的选项.16.(1分)Around13,500newjobswerecreatedduringtheperiod,_______theexpectednumberof12,000heldbymarketanalysts.()A.havingexceeded B.toexceed C.exceeded D.exceeding【考点】B3:现在分词.【分析】在此期间创造了大约13500份就业岗位,超过了市场分析师预计的12000份的数目.【解答】考查现在分词.分析句子可知,句中有谓语动词werecreated,使用此空填非谓语动词,逻辑主语是Around13,500newjobs,与exceed之间是主动关系,表示"超过",exceed与werecreated动作是同时发生,用现在分词作结果状语,表示"自然而然的结果".故选:D.【点评】本题考查非谓语动词用法.做这类题目首先根据句意判断是谓语还是非谓语,如果是分词做状语的时候,看动词与逻辑主语构成主动关系,就使用现在分词的形式;如果二者构成被动关系就使用过去分词的形式.不定式表示动作未发生作目的状语.17.(1分)Thereisagoodsociallifeinthevillage,andIwishI_______asecondchancetobeemoreinvolved.()A.had B.willhave C.wouldhavehad D.havehad【考点】GJ:虚拟语气.【分析】村里有一个很好的社交生活,我希望我有第二次机会更多地参与其中.【解答】考查虚拟语气.虚拟语气通常用于wish后的宾语从句中,表示与事实相反或不大可能实现的愿望.通常有三种形式:①对将来发生的事情表示祝愿或愿望:主语+wish+从句主语+would(could,might)+动词原形.②表示与现在事实相反的愿望:主语+wish(that)+从句主语+动词一般过去式.③对过去发生的事情表示遗憾或后悔时:主语+wish(that)+从句主语+had+过去分词.前一句中使用了一般现在时,可知wish从句中表示与现在事实相反的愿望,故从句应该使用一般过去时.故选:A.【点评】本题考查虚拟语气.虚拟语气通常用于wish后的宾语从句中,表示与事实相反或不大可能实现的愿望.通常有三种形式:①对将来发生的事情表示祝愿或愿望:主语+wish+从句主语+would(could,might)+动词原形.eg:Iwishshewouldtryagain.我希望她能再试一次.②表示与现在事实相反的愿望:主语+wish(that)+从句主语+动词一般过去式.eg:IwishIwasn'tleavingmyson.我希望我没离开我儿子.③对过去发生的事情表示遗憾或后悔时:主语+wish(that)+从句主语+had+过去分词.eg:Iwishyouhadetomybirthdayparty.你要是来了我的生日晚会就好了.*从句的时态只与从句所指的时间有关,与wish的时态无关.18.(1分)﹣Youknowwhat?I'vegotaNewYearconcertticket.﹣Oh,_______You'rekidding.()A.sowhat? B.goahead. C.eon. D.whatfor?【考点】JI:语言交际.【分析】﹣你知道吗?我有一张新年音乐会票.﹣哦,得了吧,你在开玩笑吧.【解答】考查语言交际.sowhat?那又怎么样!表达的是对之前的话语的不以为然,表达的是无所谓的、感觉那并不重要的一种态度.goahead表示同意或允许表示同意对方的请求,根据情况可译为:说吧,做吧,开始吧,进行吧.eon得了吧;算了吧;(表示鼓励)来吧;要视不同语言环境来理解它的具体意思,许多情况下,只是一个语气词.whatfor?为何?根据横线后面的"You'rekidding"可知说话人不大相信另外一个人所说的话.句意:﹣你知道吗?我有一张新年音乐会票.﹣哦,得了吧,你在开玩笑吧.故选:C.【点评】情景对话题主要考察英语的日常用语、习惯用语以及各种场合的交际性语言,并从实际出发,考查交际语言的运用能力.做题时仔细阅读上下文,找出上下文之间的联系.19.(1分)_______youcansleepwell,youwilllosetheabilitytofocus,planandstaymotivatedafteroneortwonights.()A.Once B.Unless C.If D.When【考点】92:从属连词;HG:条件状语从句.【分析】除非你能睡好,否则一两个晚上之后你会失去关注、计划和保持动力的能力.【解答】考查从属连词的用法.once"一旦",引导条件状语从句.unless"除非,如果不",在意义上相当于if…not,因此在有些场合中unless与if…not可互换使用,引导条件状语从句.if"如果",引导条件状语从句.when"在…时候",引导时间状语从句.分析可知前后两句话之间是逻辑上的"条件"关系.句意:除非你能睡好,否则一两个晚上之后你会失去关注、计划和保持动力的能力.故选:B.【点评】本题考查从属连词的用法.连词的用法辨析,要注意分析主从句之间的逻辑关系,再确定相应的连词,同时注意不同的连词的语义及用法区别.20.(1分)Iwassenttothevillagelastmonthtoseehowthedevelopmentplan_______inthepasttwoyears.()A.hadbeencarriedout B.wouldbecarriedout C.isbeingcarriedout D.hasbeencarriedout【考点】F5:过去完成时的被动语态.【分析】我被派往那里去看看这个发展计划在过去的两年里实施的怎么样.【解答】根据前面的句子Iwassenttothevillagelastmonth可知,这是说明是过去的事实,而计划的事实是在派送我之前的两年里的事实,所以用过去完成时,而thedevelopmentplan和动词carryout之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用被动语态.故选:A.【点评】本题考查非谓语动词用法.做这类题目首先根据句意判断是谓语还是非谓语,如果是分词做状语的时候,看动词与逻辑主语构成主动关系,就使用现在分词的形式;如果二者构成被动关系就使用过去分词的形式.不定式表示动作未发生作目的状语.21.(1分)Hopefullyin2025wewillnolongerbee﹣mailingeachother,forwe_______moreconvenientelectronicmunicationtoolsbythen.()A.havedeveloped B.haddeveloped C.willhavedeveloped D.developed【考点】EB:将来完成时.【分析】到2025年,我们很有希望不再相互发送电子邮件,因为那时我们将会有更便利的电子交流工具.【解答】根据句末的时间状语bythen可知,这里指的是by2025,截止到将来的某个时间为止,所以用将来完成时态.故选:C.【点评】对时态的选择,要在把握时态的基本用法的基础上,根据具体语境和题干中的时间推断时态;同时关注动词的语态,理清不同时态的被动语态的形式以及主语和谓语动词之间的关系,做出合理的判断.22.(1分)Trytounderstandwhat'sactuallyhappeninginsteadofactingonthe_______you'vemade.()A.assignment B.association C.acquisition D.assumption【考点】35:名词的词义辨析.【分析】试着去了解到底发生了什么,而不是按照你所做的假设行事.【解答】考查名词的词义辨析.assignment(布置的)作业;(分配的)任务;association团体;协会;社团;关联;交往;acquisition(对公司的)收购,并购;assumption假设;假想.句意:试着去了解到底发生了什么,而不是按照你所做的假设行事.故选:D.【点评】本题考查名词的词义辨析.名词词义辨析题一直都是高考考查的一个热点,它注重考查考生结合语境准确选用词语的能力.由于英语词汇丰富,且用法多变,考生掌握起来有较大难度,因此在平时应注意词汇的积累,理解词语的含义及其常见的习惯搭配,再联系句子所表述的意义和语境,选出正确的答案.23.(1分)China'ssoftpowergrows_______theincreasingappreciationandunderstandingofChinaglobally.()A.inlinewith B.inreplyto C.inreturnfor D.inhonourof【考点】8B:介词短语.【分析】随着世界上对中国的重视和理解的增加,中国软实力与日俱增.【解答】考查介词短语.inlinewith跟…一致,符合;inreplyto答复;inreturnfor作为…的报答;inhonourof为纪念,为庆祝.根据句意,A项正确.故选:A.【点评】考查介词短语,弄清楚各个介词短语的含义并区别各个介词短语之间的差异,了解某些介词短语的特殊用法,然后结合语境选择正确答案.24.(1分)Despitethepoorserviceofthehotel,themanageris_______toinvestinsufficienttrainingforhisstaff.()A.keen B.reluctant C.anxious D.ready【考点】64:形容词词意辨析.【分析】尽管酒店服务不好,经理还是不愿为员工提供足够的培训.【解答】考查形容词词义辨析.keen渴望的;热切的;热衷的;reluctant不情愿的,勉强的;anxious焦急的;渴望的;ready(人)准备就绪的;(物品)准备好的.句意:尽管酒店服务不好,经理还是不愿为员工提供足够的培训.故选:B.【点评】本题考查形容词词义辨析.形容词是高考中常考内容,在高中的学习中平时要多积累固定搭配的用法,考试时只能凭借记忆力来答题,尤其是单项选择很难推出某个搭配的意思,所以平时的积累记忆是尤其重要的.25.(1分)﹣Whathappened?Yourbossseemsto_______.﹣Didn'tyouknowhissecretaryleakedthesecretreporttothepress?()A.beoverthemoon B.laughhisheadoff C.beallears D.flyoffthehandle【考点】A9:动词短语.【分析】﹣﹣发生了什么事?你的老板看来在发火.﹣﹣难道你不知道他的秘书把秘密报告泄露给新闻界吗?【解答】考查动词短语词义辨析.beoverthemoon非常高兴;laughone'sheadoff笑得要死;beallears全神贯注地听着,专心倾听;flyoffthehandle冒火,激动;死,翘辫子.根据句意,D项正确.故选:D.【点评】考查动词短语词义辨析.弄清楚各个动词短语的词义,准确地翻译句子及备选答案,然后选择最符合题意的选项.第二节:完形填空(共1小题;每小题20分,满分20分)请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。26.(20分)RaynorWinnandherhusbandMothbecamehomelessduetotheirwronginvestment.Theirsavingshadbeen(1)Btopaylawyers'fees.Tomakemattersworse,Mothwasdiagnosed(诊断)witha(2)Ddisease.Therewasno(3)A,onlypainrelief.Failingtofindanyotherwayout,theydecidedtomakea(4)Bjourney,astheycaughtsightofanoldhikers'(徒步旅行者)guide.Thiswasalongjourneyofunaccustomedhardshipand(5)Drecovery.Whenleavinghome,RaynorandMothhadjust£320inthebank.Theyplannedtokeepthe(6)Alowbylivingonboilednoodles,withthe(7)Bhamburgershoptreat.Wildcampingis(8)DinEngland.Toavoidbeingcaught,theWinnshadtogettheirtentup(9)Candpackeditawayearlyinthemorning.TheWinnssoondiscoveredthatdailyhikingintheir50sisalot(10)Athantheyrememberitwasintheir20s.Raynor(11)Calloveranddesiredabath.Moth,meanwhile,afteraninitial(12)A,foundhissymptomswerestrangely(13)Cbytheirdailytiringjourney.(14)B,thecouplefoundthattheirbodiesturnedforthebetter,withre﹣foundstrongmusclesthattheythoughthad(15)Dforever."Ourhairwasfriedandfallingout,nailsbroken,clothes(16)Ctoathread,butwewerealive."Duringthejourney,Raynorbeganacareerasanaturewriter.Shewrites,"(17)Dhadtakeneverymaterialthingfrommeandleftmetornbare,anemptypageattheendofa(n)(18)Bwrittenbook.Ithadalsogivenmea(19)A,eithertoleavethatpage(20)Cortokeepwritingthestorywithhope.Ichosehope."(1)A.drawnupB.usedupC.backedupD.keptup(2)A.mildB.monC.preventableD.serious(3)A.cureB.luckC.careD.promise(4)A.businessB.walkingC.busD.rail(5)A.expectedB.frighteningC.disappointingD.surprising(6)A.budgetB.revenueC.pensationD.allowance(7)A.frequentB.occasionalC.abundantD.constant(8)A.unpopularB.lawfulC.attractiveD.illegal(9)A.soonB.earlyC.lateD.slowly(10)A.harderB.easierC.cheaperD.funnier(11)A.rolledB.bledC.achedD.trembled(12)A.struggleB.progressC.excitementD.research(13)A.developedB.controlledC.reducedD.increased(14)A.InitiallyB.EventuallyC.TemporarilyD.Consequently(15)A.gainedB.keptC.woundedD.lost(16)A.sewnB.washedC.wornD.ironed(17)A.DoctorsB.HikingC.LawyersD.Homelessness(18)A.wellB.partlyC.neatlyD.originally(19)A.choiceB.rewardC.promiseD.break(20)A.looseB.fullC.blankD.missing【考点】M9:日常生活类阅读.【分析】本文是一篇记叙文.文章主要讲述了一对夫妇失去房子、丈夫被诊断出重病,他们决定踏上旅途的故事.经过艰难的长途跋涉,丈夫的病症奇迹般地减轻了,而妻子也成为了一名作家.【解答】1﹣5BDABD6﹣10.ABDCA11﹣15CACBD16﹣﹣20.CDBAC1.B.考查短语.根据空格前的"Theirsavings"和空格后句"topaylawyers'fees",可知,这对夫妇的积蓄全都被用来支付律师费,已经花完了.usedup用完.2.D.考查形容词.根据空格前句"Tomakemattersworse",可知,丈夫Moth应当是被诊断出了重病.D项serious意为"严重的".3.A.考查名词.根据空格后句"onlypainrelief"以及空格前的"Mothwasdiagnosedwithaseriousdisease"可知,丈夫Moth的重病已经无药可救,只能靠吃止痛药来缓解一些痛苦.cure"治愈".4.B.考查动词.根据空格后句"astheycaughtsightofanoldhikers'guide."可知,徒步者旅行指南给了他们灵感,让他们决定要踏上一次徒步旅行.walking"徒步".5.D.考查形容词.根据后文的"foundhissymptomswerestrangelyreducedbytheirdailytiringjourney"可知,在这场旅行中,丈夫能够恢复健康是令夫妻二人始料未及的.D项surprising"出人意料的".6.A.考查名词.根据空格前句"Whenleavinghome,RaynorandMothhadjust$320inthebank."可知,出发前,这对夫妇手头已经没有多少钱了,因此他们准备要节约开支.A项budget意为"开支".7.B.考查形容词.根据空格前句"Theyplannedtokeepthebudgetlowbylivingonboilednoodles",可知,这对夫妇想去汉堡店享受一番也只能是偶尔的事.occasional意为"偶尔的".8.D.考查形容词.根据空格后句"Toavoidbeingcaught,theWinnshadtogettheirtentuplate.",可推知,这对夫妇很晚才敢支起帐篷、担心被人抓到,都是因为野外露营在英国是一种违法行为.illegal意为"违法的".9.C.考查副词.根据空格前句"Toavoidbeingcaught",可知,由于野外露营在英国属于违法行为,Winns夫妇为了防止被抓,只得很晚才搭起帐篷.C项late意为"晚地、迟地".10.A.考查形容词.根据空格后句"thantheyrememberitwasintheir20s",可知,二十多岁时的徒步旅行比较容易;而现在他们已经成了五十多岁的中年人,因此徒步旅行也变得艰难起来.harder意为"更难的".11.C.考查动词.根据空格后句"anddesiredabath"和上文的"TheWinnssoondiscoveredthatdailyhikingintheir50sisalotharderthantheyrememberitwasintheir20s."可知,上了年纪的Raynor因为旅途而感到疲惫、浑身疼痛,很想要洗个热水澡.C项ached"疼痛".12.A.考查名词.根据空格后句"foundhissymptomswerestrangelyreducedbytheirdailytiringjourney",而空格前的"after"有转折之意,可知,丈夫Moth虽然一开始觉得有点困难,但之后就发现他的病症随着每天的徒步旅行而慢慢减轻了.A项struggle意为"困难、难事".13.C.考查动词.根据空格前句"Moth,meanwhile,afteraninitialstruggle,"和空格后的"bytheirdailytiringjourney"可知,Moth虽然一开始觉得有点困难,但之后就发现他的病症随着每天的徒步旅行而慢慢减轻了.reduced意为"减轻".14.B.考查副词.根据空后句"thecouplefoundthattheirbodiesturnedforthebetter",可知,经过了这段旅程,夫妻两人发现他们的身体变得更健康了,因此此空的副词应当是表示事件结果的.B项Eventually意为"最终".15.D.考查动词.根据空格前句"thecouplefoundthattheirbodiesturnedforthebetter",可推知,他们也找回了本以为已经失去的强健肌肉.lost意为"失去".16.C.考查形容词.根据空格前句"Ourhairwasfriedandfallingout,nailsbroken",可知,这对夫妻在旅程中经历了很多困难,头发干枯脱落,指甲受伤了,衣服也被磨损得破破烂烂.C项worn为wear的过去分词,意为"磨损",.17.D.考查名词.根据第一段第一句"RaynorWinnandherhusbandMothbecamehomelessduetotheirwronginvestment."和空格后的"hadtakeneverymaterialthingfrommeandleftmetornbare,",可知,Raynor认为失去住所、无家可归夺走了她的物质生活,让她一无所有.Homelessness意为"无家可归".18.B.考查副词.根据空格前句"anemptypage"和空格后句"ortokeepwritingthestorywithhope.",可知,Raynor将自己的人生比作一本部分完成的书.partly意为"部分地".19.A.考查名词.根据空格后句"eithertoleavethepageblankortokeepwritingthestory"和"Ichosehope",可知,Raynor在应对生活中的困难时,面前有两个选择,一是放弃努力,二是带着希望继续书写故事;而她决定选择希望.A项choice意为"选择".20.C.考查形容词.根据空格前句"Homelessnesshadtakeneverymaterialthingfrommeandleftmetornbare,anemptypageattheendofapartlywrittenbook."可知,Raynor将苦难的现状比作书本最后的空白页;假如她放弃努力,那就等同于把这页继续留白.C项blank意为"空白的".【点评】本题为人物故事类完形填空,首先要通读全文,掌握大意,然后仔细阅读,分析每句话的含义和上下文的关联,结合每道题四个选项的含义找出最贴切的选项.第三部分:阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。27.(4分)ATheMetropolitanMuseumofArt1000FifthAvenueNewYork,NY10028211﹣535﹣7710.metmuseum.orgEntrancesFifthAvenueat82ndStreetHoursOpen7daysaweek.Sunday﹣Thursday10:00﹣17:30FridayandSaturday10:00﹣21:00ClosedThanksgivingDay,December25,January1,andthefirstMondayinMayAdmission﹩25.00remendedforadults,﹩12.00remendedforstudents,includestheMainBuildingandTheCloisters(回廊)onthesameday;freeforchildrenunder12withanadult.FreewithAdmissionAllspecialexhibitions,aswellasfilms,lectures,guidedtours,concerts,gallerytalks,andfamily/children'sprogramsarefreewithadmission.Askabouttoday'sactivitiesattheGreatHallInformationDesk.TheCloistersMuseumandGardensTheCloistersmuseumandgardensisabranchofTheMetropolitanMuseumofArtdevotedtotheartandarchitectureofEuropeintheMiddleAges.Theextensivecollectionconsistsofmasterworksinsculpture,coloredglass,andpreciousobjectsfromEuropedatingfromaboutthe9thtothe15thcentury.Hours:Open7daysaweek.March﹣October10:00﹣17:15November﹣February10:00﹣16:45ClosedThanksgivingDay,December25,andJanuary1.(1)Howmuchmaytheypayifan11﹣year﹣oldgirlandherworkingparentsvisitthemuseum?CA.﹩12.B.﹩37.C.﹩50.D.﹩62.(2)TheattractionoftheCloistersmuseumandgardensliesinthefactthatB.A.itopensalltheyearroundB.itscollectionsdatefromtheMiddleAgesC.ithasamodernEuropean﹣stylegardenD.itsellsexcellentEuropeanglasscollections【考点】O3:广告布告类阅读.【分析】本文属于一篇广告布告类阅读,介绍了美国的纽约大都会博物馆的相关信息,有,开放时间,门票及优惠,还有具体的展出内容等.【解答】CB1.C.数字计算题.根据﹩25.00remendedforadults,﹩12.00remendedforstudents,includestheMainBuildingandTheCloisters(回廊)onthesameday;freeforchildrenunder12withanadult可知成年人每人25美元,每个成年人可以免费带一名12岁以下儿童,所以11岁的女孩和父母去参观的花费是50美元,故答案为C.2.B.细节理解题.根据TheCloistersmuseumandgardensisabranchofTheMetropolitanMuseumofArtdevotedtotheartandarchitectureofEuropeintheMiddleAges.Theextensivecollectionconsistsofmasterworks…可知TheCloistersmuseumandgardens的吸引人之处在于它对中世纪的杰出艺术品的收藏,故答案为B.【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据.28.(6分)BInthe1760s,MathurinRozeopenedaseriesofshopsthatboasted(享有)aspecialmeatsoupcalledconsommé.Althoughthemainattractionwasthesoup,Roze'schainshopsalsosetanewstandardfordiningout,whichhelpedtoestablishRozeastheinventorofthemodernrestaurant.Today,scholarshavegeneratedlargeamountsofinstructiveresearchaboutrestaurants.Takevisualhintsthatinfluencewhatweeat:dinersservedthemselvesabout20percentmorepasta(意大利面食)whentheirplatesmatchedtheirfood.Whenadark﹣coloredcakewasservedonablackplateratherthanawhiteone,customersrecognizeditassweeterandmoretasty.Lightingmatters,too.WhenBerlinrestaurantcustomersateindarkness,theycouldn'ttellhowmuchthey'dhad:thosegivenextra﹣largesharesatemorethaneveryoneelse,butwerenonethewiser﹣theydidn'tfeelfuller,andtheywerejustasreadyfordessert.Timeismoney,butthatprinciplemeansdifferentthingsfordifferenttypesofrestaurants.Unlikefast﹣foodplaces.finediningshopsprefercustomerstostaylongerandspend.Onewaytoencouragecustomerstostayandorderthatextraround:putonsomeMozart(莫扎特).Whenclassical,ratherthanpop,musicwasplaying,dinersspentmore.Fastmusichurrieddinersout.Particularscentsalsohaveaneffect:dinerswhogotthescentoflavender(薰衣草)stayedlongerandspentmorethanthosewhosmelledlemon,ornoscent.Meanwhile,thingsthatyoumightexpecttodiscouragespending﹣"bad"tables,crowding.highprices﹣don'tnecessarily.Dinersatbadtables﹣nexttothekitchendoor,say﹣spentnearlyasmuchasothersbutsoonfled.Itcanbeconcludedthatrestaurantkeepersneednot"beoverlyconcernedabout‘bad'tables,"giventhatthey'reprofitable.Asforcrowds,aHongKongstudyfoundthattheyincreasedarestaurant'sreputation,suggestinggreatfoodatfairprices.Anddoublingabuffet'spriceledcustomerstosaythatitspizzawas11percenttastier.(1)Theunderlinedphrase"nonethewiser"inparagraph3mostprobablyimpliesthatthecustomerswereA.A.notawareofeatingmorethanusualB.notwillingtosharefoodwithothersC.notconsciousofthefoodqualityD.notfondofthefoodprovided(2)Howcouldafinediningshopmakemoreprofit?AA.playingclassicalmusic.B.Introducinglemonscent.C.Makingthelightbrighter.D.Usingplatesoflargersize.(3)Whatdoesthelastparagraphtalkabout?DA.Tipstoattractmorecustomers.B.Problemsrestaurantsarefacedwith.C.Waystoimproverestaurants'reputation.D.monmisunderstandingsaboutrestaurants.【考点】O5:科教类阅读.【分析】本文主要介绍了如何使餐馆更受欢迎,使经营更加成功,如餐馆内灯光暗淡一些,播放一些古典音乐及特殊的味道也是有助于消费.【解答】AAD1.A.词义猜测题.根据前文WhenBerlinrestaurantcustomersateindarkness,theycouldn'ttellhowmuchthey'dhad:thosegivenextra﹣largesharesatemorethaneveryoneelse当柏林餐馆的顾客在黑暗中吃东西时,他们不知道自己吃了多少:那些吃大份额的人吃得比别人多及下文theydidn'tfeelfuller他们并没有感觉太饱,说明nonethewiser指的是没有意识到自己比平时吃得多,故答案为A.2.A.细节理解题.根据Onewaytoencouragecustomerstostayandorderthatextraround:putonsomeMozart(莫扎特).Whenclassical,ratherthanpop,musicwasplaying,dinersspentmore可知播放古典音乐可以使顾客在餐馆里吃得更多,这样消费的也会更多,从而给餐馆带来更多的利润,故答案为A.3.D.总结归纳题.根据最后一段第一句Meanwhile,thingsthatyoumightexpecttodiscouragespending﹣"bad"tables,crowding.highprices﹣don'tnecessarily可知﹣"bad"tables,crowding.highprices可能会阻碍人们去餐馆消费,实际上未必如此,由此判断本段主要解释的是人们对于餐馆的一些误解,故答案为D.【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据.29.(8分)CIfyouwanttodisturbthecarindustry,you'dbetterhaveafewbilliondollars:Mom﹣and﹣popcarmakersareunlikelytobeatthebiggestcarpanies.Butinagriculture,smallfarmerscangetthebestofthemajorplayers.Byconnectingdirectlywithcustomers,andbyrespondingquicklytochangesinthemarketsaswellasintheecosystems(生态系统),smallfarmerscankeeponestepaheadofthebigguys.Astheco﹣founderoftheNationalYoungFarmersCoalition(NYFC,美国青年农会)andafamilyfarmermyself,Ihaveafront﹣rowseattotheinnovationsamongsmallfarmersthataretransformingtheindustry.Forexample,taketheQuickCutGreensHarvester,atooldevelopedjustacoupleofyearsagobyayoungfarmer,JonathanDysinger,inTennessee,withasmallloanfromalocalSlowMoneygroup.Itenablessmall﹣scalefarmerstoharvest175poundsofgreenvegetablesperhour﹣ahugeimprovementoverharvestingjustafewdozenpoundsbyhand﹣suddenlymakingitpossibleforthelittleguystopetewithlargefarmsofCalifornia.Beforethetoolcameout,smallfarmerscouldn'ttouchthepriceperpoundofferedbyCaliforniafarms.Butnow,withthebinationofabetterpricepointandagenerallyfresherproduct,theycanstayinbusiness.Thesustainablesuccessofsmallfarmers,though,won'thappenwithoutfundamentalchangestotheindustry.Onecrucialfactorissecureaccesstoland.petitionfrominvestors,developers,andestablishedlargefarmersmakesowningone'sownlandunattainableformanynewfarmers.From2004to2013,agriculturallandvaluesdoubled,andtheycontinuetoriseinmanyregions.Anotherchallengeformorethanamillionofthemostqualifiedfarmworkersandmanagersisanon﹣existentpathtocitizenship﹣thegreatestbarriertobuildingafarmoftheirown.Withfarmersovertheageof65outnumbering(多于)farmersyoungerthan35bysixtoone,andwithtwo﹣thirdsofthenation'sfarmlandinneedofanewfarmer,wemustclearthepathfortalentedpeoplewillingtogrowthenation'sfood.Therearesolutionsthatcouldlightapathtowardamoresustainableandfairfarmeconomy,butfarmerscan'tclumsilyputthemtogetherbeforeus.WeattheNYFCneedbroadsupportasweurgeCongresstoincreasefarmlandconservation,aswepushforimmigrationreform,andasweseekpoliciesthatwillensurethesuccessofadiverseandambitiousnextgenerationoffarmersfromallbackgrounds.WithanewfarmbilltobedebatedinCongress,consumersmusttakeastandwithyoungfarmers.(1)TheauthormentionscarindustryatthebeginningofthepassagetointroduceB.A.theprogressmadeincarindustryB.aspecialfeatureofagricultureC.atrendofdevelopmentinagricultureD.theimportanceofinvestingincarindustry(2)Whatdoestheauthorwanttoillustratewiththeexampleinparagraph2?DA.Loanstosmalllocalfarmersarenecessary.B.Technologyisvitalforagriculturaldevelopment.C.petitionbetweensmallandbigfarmsisfierce.D.Smallfarmersmaygainsomeadvantagesoverbigones.(3)Whatisthedifficultyforthosenewfamers?CA.Togainmorefinancialaid.B.Tohiregoodfarmmanagers.C.Tohavefarmsoftheirown.D.Towinoldfarmers'support.(4)Whatshouldfarmersdoforamoresustainableandfairfarmeconomy?AA.SeeksupportbeyondNYFC.B.Expandfarmlandconservation.C.BeemembersofNYFC.D.Investmoretoimprovetechnology.【考点】OB:人生感悟类阅读.【分析】本文是一篇人生感悟类阅读,文章主要介绍了如果你想扰乱汽车行业,你最好有几十亿美元:家庭汽车制造商不太可能打败最大的汽车公司.但在农业方面,小农户可以从主要参与者中得到最好的结果.通过直接与客户联系,并对市场和生态系统的变化做出迅速反应,小农可以比大农领先一步.我是全国青年农民联盟的联合创始人,也是一个家庭农场主.我是小农户创新的第一名,他们正在改变这个行业.【解答】1﹣4BDCA1.B.细节理解题.根据"Mom﹣and﹣popcarmakersareunlikelytobeatthebiggestcarpanies.Butinagriculture,smallfarmerscangetthebestofthemajorplayers."可知作者在文章的开头提到了汽车工业,介绍了农业的一个特点.故选B.2.D.细节理解题.根据"Itenablessmall﹣scalefarmerstoharvest175poundsofgreenvegetablesperhour﹣ahugeimprovementoverharvestingjustafewdozenpoundsbyhand﹣suddenlymakingitpossibleforthelittleguystopetewithlargefarmsofCalifornia."可知作者想用第2段的例子说明小农户可能比大农户有一些优势.故选D.3.C.推理判断题.根据"Thesustainablesuccessofsmallfarmers,though,won'thappenwithoutfundamentalchangestotheindustry.Onecrucialfactorissecureaccesstoland.petitionfrominvestors."可知这些新农民的困难是拥有自己的农场,故选C.4.A.推理判断题.根据"WeattheNYFCneedbroadsupportasweurgeCongresstoincreasefarmlandconservation,aswepushforimmigrationreform,andasweseekpoliciesthatwillensurethesuccessofadiverseandambitiousnextgenerationoffarmsfromallbackgrounds"可知农民应该为一个更可持续、更公平的农业经济寻求支持.故选A.【点评】此题主要考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力.做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确选择.在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.30.(12分)DChildrenasyoungastenarebeingdependentonsocialmediafortheirsenseofself﹣worth,amajorstudywarned.Itfoundmanyyoungsters(少年)nowmeasuretheirstatusbyhowmuchpublicapprovaltheygetonline,oftenthrough"like".Somechangetheirbehaviorinreallifetoimprovetheirimageontheweb.Thereportintoyoungstersagedfrom8to12wascarriedoutbyChildren'smissioner(专员)AnneLongfield.Shesaidsocialmediafirmswereexposingchildrentomajoremotionalrisks,withsomeyoungstersstarti

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