高密市一轮复习英语阅读理解专练（4）及答案

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精山东省高密市2015一轮复习英语阅读理解专练(4)及答案细节理解—---语意转换法◆技巧点拨高考试题中的细节理解题大多通过语句的同义或反义转换考查学生对英语语言的理解能力。解题时要特别注意下列几点：1．考生可先看试题，再带着问题到阅读材料中寻找正确答案,加强解题的针对性。2．如果问题中有not，except，least，never等词时，要特别留意,不要漏看这些词或理解错误而误选答案。3．问到what，who，when,which,where，accordingtotheauthor等具体细节时,一定要以文章所谈到的内容为据,而不要凭自己的经验或观点去选择答案.◆活学活用阅读下列短文，按要求完成读写任务（2010年山东卷)Asksomeonewhattheyhavedonetohelptheenvironmentrecentlyandtheywillalmostcertainlymentionrecycling。Recyclinginthehomeisveryimportantofcourse.However，beingforcedtorecycleoftenmeanswealreadyhavemorematerialthanweneed。Wearedealingwiththeresultsofover。consumptioninthegreenestwaypossible，butitwouldbefarbetterifwedidnotneedtobringsomuchmaterialhomeinthefirstplace。Thetotalamountofpackagingincreasedby12%between1999and2005.Itnowmakesupathirdofatypicalhousehold'swasteintheUK。Inmanysupermarketsnowadaysfooditemsarepackagedtwicewithplasticandcardboard。Toomuchpackagingisdoingseriousdamagetotheenvironment.TheUK，forexample，isrunningoutofitforcarryingthisunnecessarywaste。Ifsuchpackagingisburnt，itgivesoffgreenhousegaseswhichgoontocausethegreenhouseeffect。Recyclinghelps,buttheprocessitselfusesenergy.Thesolutionisnottoproducesuchitemsinthefirstplace。Foodwasteisaseriousproblem，too。Toomanysupermarketsencouragecustomerstobuymorethantheyneed.However，afewofthemarecomingroundtotheideathatthiscannotcontinue，encouragingcustomerstoreusetheirplasticbags，forexample.Butthisisnotjustaboutsupermarkets。Itisaboutallofus.Wehavelearnedtoassociatepackagingwithquality.Wehavelearnedtothinkthatsomethingunpackagedisofpoorquality.Thisisespeciallytrueoffood.Butitalsoappliestoawiderangeofconsumerproducts，whichoftenhavefarmorepackagingthannecessary。Therearesignsofhope.Asmoreofusrecycle,wearebeginningtorealizejusthowmuchunnecessarymaterialarecollecting。Weneedtofacethewastefulnessofourconsumerculture，butwehaveamountaintoclimb.Ⅰ.根据短文，写一篇30词左右的摘要_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ⅱ。根据所读短文，选出最佳答案1．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“over。consumption”referto?A．Usingtoomuchpackaging.B．Recyclingtoomanywastes.C．Makingmoreproductsthannecessary.D．Havingmorematerialthanisneeded。2．TheauthorusesfiguresinParagraph2toshow________.A．thetendencyofcuttinghouseholdwasteB．theincreaseofpackagingrecyclingC．therapidgrowthofsupermarketsD．thefactofpackagingoveruse3．Accordingtothetext，recycling________.A．helpscontrolthegreenhouseeffectB．meansburningpackagingforenergyC．isthesolutiontogasshortageD．leadstoawasteofland4．WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?A．Unpackagedproductsareofbadquality。B．Supermarketscaremoreaboutpackaging.C．Itisimpropertojudgequalitybypackaging。D．Otherproductsarebetterpackagedthanfood。5．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph？A．Fightingwastefulnessisdifficult。B．Needlessmaterialismostlyrecycled。C．Peoplelikecollectingrecyclablewaste。D．Theauthorisproudoftheirconsumerculture.参考答案ⅠRecyclingisonewaytohelpenvironment,butwhat’smostimportantisthatwedon’tover­consumeorpaytoomuchattentiontopackagingwhenweareshopping.(27words)Ⅱ1．解析:从前句的beingforcedtorecycleoftenmeanswealreadyhavemorematerialthanweneed知道我们是在“过度消费”或“过量消费”。答案：D2．解析：increasedby12％between1999and2005说明包装盒的消费量增长迅速，由此可知答案。答案:D3．解析:从Recyclinghelps可知答案。答案:A4．解析：人们习惯了把包装与产品质量联系起来，意为包装不好的东西就意味着品质不好。答案：C5．解析:从最后一句Weneedtofacethewastefulnessofourconsumerculture，butwehaveamountaintoclimb可知答案。答案：A阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。【广东省2012届高三考前冲刺卷（七）】APlantsthatliveintherainforesthaveadaptedinamazingwaystoseveralverydifficultconditions。Thismeansthattheplanthaschangedsomethinginits“body”or“habits”tomakeiteasiertosurviveindifficultconditions。Thereareseveralconditionstheyhavehadtoadaptto。First，thesoiloftheforestfloorisshallow.Also，thesoiloftherainforestisnotveryrich，oreasytogrowin。Nextistheproblemofveryheavyrainwhichcontinuesoveralargepartoftheyear。Finally,manyplantsoftherainforestarefoodforanimalsthatlivethere。Thebiggestproblemthatrainforestplantshavetoadapttoisthelackofsunlightintherainforest'slowerlevels.Plantshaveadaptedtothisprobleminseveralways。Manyplantshaveverylargeleaves.Thelargeleafishelpfulbecauseithasabiggersurfacearea。Thebiggersurfaceareaaleafhas，themoresunlightitcanabsorb.Thecanopytreesadaptbygrowingtobe100feettallsothattheirleavescangraballavailablesunlight。Otherplantscalledlianas（climbingwoodyvines）haveadaptedbyrootingthemselvesinthesoiloftheforestfloorandgrowingupthetreesuntiltheyreachthecanopylayer.Stillotherplants，suchasepiphytes，haveadaptedbygrowingdirectlyonthetrees’trunksandbranchesinthecanopyandunderstorylayersoftherainforest.Anadaptationtothelargeamountsofrainfallthatmanyrainforestplantshaveiscalled“driptips”．Theirleavesaretapered（逐渐变细)toasharppointattheend.Thisallowswatertorunofftheleafquickly.Therearemanyotheradaptationsthatrainforestplantshavemadetotheirenvironment.Thesewillbediscussedindetail，asweinvestigatetheplantsoftherainforest！26．Whichofthefollowingisadifficultythattherainforestplantshavetoface？A．Changesintheir“body”or“habits"．B．Soilthatisnotverydeep。C．Epiphytesthatgrowontrees’trunks.D．Theworseningofthenaturalenvironment。27．Howdolianasadapttotheenvironmentintherainforest?A．Theygrowunderbigleavesforprotection.B．Theyrelyonotherplantstoreachthecanopylayer。C．Theychangetheirleafstructureconstantly。D．Theygrowonotherplants’branches.28．Theunderlinedword“This”inParagraph3probablyrefersto________.A．thetake。inofsunlightB．thelargeamountsofrainfallC．theleaves'havingasharppointattheendD．water’srunningofftheleavesquickly29．Whatcanbeinferredaboutrainforestplants?A．Theyhavetofacedangersnotonlyfromanimalsbutalsofromeachother.B．Toolittlesunlightandtoomuchwaterarethebiggestproblemstheyface。C．Differentkindsofplantshavedifferentwaystoabsorbsunlight.D．Alloftheiradaptationshavebeeninvestigatedindetail.30．Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage？A．HowdoPlantsAdapttotheRainforests？B．WhydoPlantsChangeThemselves?C．WhatKindofPlantsIstheMostAdaptable?D．WhatIstheBestPlaceforPlantstoLivein?26．B[细节理解题。根据第一段的“First，thesoiloftheforestfloorisshallow。”，可知B为答案。]27．B[细节理解题。根据第二段的“Otherplantscalledlianas。.。growingupthetreesuntiltheyreachthecanopylayer。”可知答案为B。]28．C[词义猜测题。this指代的是前面提到的“Theirleavesaretaperedtoasharppointattheend.”。D项是改变后的结果。］29．C[推理判断题。根据第二段的“Plantshaveadaptedtothisprobleminseveralways。"及后来列举的不同植物的适应方法可推出C为正确答案。]30．A[主旨大意题.本文主要介绍了热带雨林中一些植物是如何适应那里艰难的生存条件的。］【广东省2012届高三考前冲刺卷(七）】BSomepeoplemakeyoufeelcomfortablewhentheyarearound.Youspendanhourwiththemandfeelasifyouhaveknownthemhalfyourlife.Thesepeoplehavesomethingincommon。Andonceweknowwhatitis,wecantrytodoitourselves.Howisitdone？Hereareseveralskillsthatgoodtalkershave。Ifyoufollowtheskills，they'llhelpyouputpeopleattheirease，andmakefriendswiththemquickly。Firstofall，goodtalkersaskquestions。Almostanyone，nomatterhowshyheis，willansweraquestion.Onewell.knownbusinesswomansays,“Atbusinesslunches，Ialwaysaskpeoplewhattheydidthatmorning。It'sacommonquestion,butitwillgetthingsgoing.”Fromthereyoucanmoveontoothermatters-sometimestoreallypersonalquestions.Andhowheanswerswillletyouknowhowfaryoucango。Second，oncegoodtalkershaveaskedquestions，theylistentotheanswers.Thispointseemsclear,butitisn't。Yourquestionsshouldhaveapointandhelptotellwhatsortofpersonyouaretalkingto。Andtofindout，youreallyhavetolistencarefullyandattentively.Reallisteningatleastmeanssomethings.Firstitmeansnottochangethesubjectofconversation.Ifsomeonestickstoonetopic，youcantakeitasafactthathe'sreallyinterestedinit。Reallisteningalsomeansnotjustlisteningtowords,buttotonesofvoice。Ifthevoicesoundsdull，then，it’stimeforyoutochangethesubject。Finally,goodtalkersknowwellhowtodealwiththeoccasionofparting。Ifyou’resayinggoodbye，youmaygivehimafirmhandshakeandsay，“I’vereallyenjoyedmeetingyou.”Ifyouwanttoseethatpersonagain，don’tkeepitasecret.Letpeopleknowwhatyoufeel，andtheymaywalkawayfeelingasifthey'veknownyouhalftheirlife。31．Askingquestionsmightbeaquitegoodandsuitableway________.A．foryoutomakemoreandmorenewfriendsB．tobeginyourbusinesstalksC．togettheconversationgoingsmoothlyD．foryoutomakeadeepandlastingimpressiononothers32．Afterhavingaskedsomebodyaquestion,it’llbepoliteofyouto________.A．makeclearwhatkindofpersonheisB．listentohisreplyattentivelyC．waitquietlyandpatientlyforhisanswerD．goonaskinghimmorequestions33．Generallyspeaking，goodtalkersarepeoplewho______。A．aregoodatmakinganytopicinterestingB．nevertalktoomuchortoolittleC．alwaysspeakinagentlewayD．knowhowandwhentheyshouldchangethetopicofthetalk34．Ifyoureallytakedelightinmeetingsomeoneagain，______。A．youmaytakehimasyourlifelongtrustworthyfriendB．itseemsnecessaryforyoutolethimknowitC．it’sproperforyoutogivehimasecondhandshakeD．it’llbehelpfulforyoutohavefurtherunderstandingofhim35．What'sthemainideaofthepassage？A．Howtomakepeoplecomfortable.B．Howtobeagoodtalker.C．Howtomakepeopleateasebytalking。D．Howtofindsuitabletopicstotalk。31．C[推理判断题。从第三段倒数第二句“Fromthereyoucanmoveontoothermatters—sometimestoreallypersonalquestions."可知问问题可以使谈话自然进行下去，故答案为C项。]32．B［细节理解题。从第四段最后一句“Andtofindout，youreallyhavetolistencarefullyandattentively。”可知B项正确。］33．D［细节理解题.从第五段最后两句“Reallisteningalsomeansnotjustlisteningtowords，buttotonesofvoice。Ifthevoicesoundsdull,then，it’stimeforyoutochangethesubject。”可知D项正确。］34．B[细节理解题。从最后一段第三句“Ifyouwanttoseethatpersonagain，don’tkeepitasecret.”可知B项正确。］35．C[主旨大意题。本文是说明文，第一、第二两段是主题段。归纳可知答案为C项。］维A2阅读理解（每题2分，满分8分）选材相似度:★★★★设题相似度：★★★难度系数：★★★★ResearchersfromFranceandItalydiscoveredthatCanadianparentsarelessstrictwiththeirchildrenthanmothersandfathersinFranceandItaly.“OurmostimportantfindingwasthedifferencebetweenCanadiansandtheothers,"saidProfessorMichelClaes，theleadauthorofthestudy。“Canadiansfocusonindependenceandnegotiation。Ontheotherhand,Italians,forexample，exercisemorecontrol.WefoundCanadiansseemtofocusonnegotiationincaseofaconflict."ClaessaidCanada，FranceandItalywereselectedforthestudybecausetheyshareimportantculturalandsocialfactors。“WechoseFrench。CanadiansbecausetheysharethesamelanguageasFrance,andoriginallycamefromFranceandsharecertainvalues.Italywasincludedbecauseitwasconsideredtohavesimilar,strongandimportantfamilyvalues，"heexplained。Theresearchersexaminedtheemotionaltiesbetweenparentsandtheirchildrenbyquestioning1，256studentsaged11to19yearsold。Canadianstudentsreportedlesscontrolandmorefreeactions，accordingtothestudy.ItalianparentswerestricterandFrenchparentsweresomewhereinthemiddle。ClaesexplainsthatthedifferenceslieineducationinCanada，FranceandItaly.“NorthAmericahasitsowneducationalvalues，whichpromoteindividualization.Toleranceandcomprehensionareencouraged.Italy,ontheotherhand,promotesrespectofauthority，control，andtheneedforpermission，”hesaid。Childrenfromallthreecountriesdescribedtheirmothersaswarmandcommunicative。ItalianandCanadianchildrenhadsimilarfeelingsabouttheirfathers,andreportedhighlevelsofemotionalties。ButFrenchfathersweregenerallythoughtbytheirchildrentobemoredistantandcold.“Weweresurprisedbythis，”Claesadmitted。“ItseemsasthoughtherelationshipsbetweenFrenchmothersandtheirchildrenwerebecomingcloserovertime，whilefathersmaintainaformofdistanceandcoldness，whichismoreofasourceofconflictinFrancethanintheothercountries。”Note：individualizationn．个性化【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。一项调查显示:加拿大的父母们比法国和意大利的父母们更加和蔼、民主、宽容。1．ProfessorMichelClaesbelievesthatCanada，FranceandItaly________.A．havethesamefamilyspiritB．havesome