2016年高考英语复习-非谓语动词课件

2016CollegeEntranceExaminationEnglishReview-OverviewofNonfiniteVerbsTheusageofnonfiniteverbsPracticeofNonfiniteVerbsAnAnalysisofErrorsinNonfiniteVerbsSuggestionsforpreparingfornonfiniteverbs目录01OverviewofNonfiniteVerbsNonfiniteverbsarethosethatdonothaveafiniteform,suchasinfinitives,participles,andgerunds.Theyareusedtoexpressactionsorstatesthatarenotcompleteorthathavenospecifictimereference.NonfiniteverbsareessentialinEnglishgrammarastheyprovideflexibilityandvarietyinexpressingactionsandstates.Theycanbeusedasthesubject,object,orcomplementofasentence,dependingonthecontextandthemeaningthewriterwantstoconvey.ThedefinitionofnonfiniteverbsInfinitivesInfinitivesarethebasicformofnonfiniteverbs.Theyareusuallyprecededbytheparticle"to"andcanbeusedasthesubjectorobjectofasentence.Forexample,"torun"or"toeat".ParticiplesParticiplesareformedbyaddingsuffixes(-ing,-ed)totheverbstem.Theycanbeusedasadjectivesoradverbsinasentence.Forexample,"running"or"eaten".GerundsGerundsareformedbyadding"-ing"totheverbstemandareusedasnounsinasentence.Theyexpressactionsorstatesthatarecompleteinthemselves.Forexample,"swimming"or"reading".TypesofNonfiniteVerbsNonfiniteverbsdonothaveaspecifictenseform.However,theycanbeusedwithtenseparticlessuchas"has"or"have"toexpressanactioninthepastorpresent.Forexample,"hasgone"or"haveseen".TenseNonfiniteverbscanbeactiveorpassivevoice.Theactivevoiceexpressesthesubjectasperformingtheaction,whilethepassivevoiceemphasizestheactionratherthanthesubjectperformingit.Forexample,"running"(activevoice)or"beingrun"(passivevoice).VoiceTheTenseandVoiceofNonfiniteVerbs02TheusageofnonfiniteverbsInfinitiveassubjectToeatanappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.InfinitiveasobjectShelikestoreadbooks.InfinitiveaspredicateHefailedtocompletethetask.InfinitiveascomplementThebestwaytolearnEnglishistoimmerseoneselfinthelanguage.Infinitiveassubject,object,predicate,andcomplementSwimmingisherfavoritehobby.GerundassubjectIenjoydoingyoga.GerundasobjectHisfavoritesportisbasketball.GerundaspredicateThebestwaytodescribehimisasajoker.GerundasattributiveGerundassubject,object,predicate,andattributiveParticiplesasadjectives,adverbials,andcomplementsParticiplesasadverbials:Heleftafterfinishinghiswork.Participlesasadjectives:Thebrokenglassisdangerous.Participlesascomplements:When引导的时间状语从句中，主句的谓语动词是被动语态时，从句中的分词短语可以作为主句的补足语。例如：Whenheated,waterwillboil.（当水被加热时，它会沸腾。）SpecialusageofnonfiniteverbsTheuseof"tobe"+infinitivewithout"to"incertaincontexts:Itisimportanttoeatabalanceddiet.Theuseof"have"+infinitivewithout"to"incertaincontexts:Ihadtostudyfortheexam.03PracticeofNonfiniteVerbsMultipleChoiceQuestionsThesequestionsteststudents'understandingofinfinitiveverbs,includingtheirbasicforms,uses,anddifferencesfromotherverbforms.Samplequestion:"Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectinfinitiveformoftheverb"tostudy"?a)studying,b)studied,c)study,d)studies."MultipleChoiceQuestionsonInfinitiveGerundsareverbsusedasnouns,andthesequestionsfocusontheircorrectusageandidentification.Samplequestion:"Inthesentence"Ienjoy_____inthemorning,"whichbestcompletesthesentence?a)reading,b)read,c)toread,d)reads."MultipleChoiceQuestionsonGerundsThistypeofquestionrequiresstudentstoidentifythecorrectinfinitiveverbtofillinasentence.Sample:"I_____myhomeworkbeforewatchingTV."ClozeTestonInfinitiveHere,studentsneedtochoosethecorrectgerundthatfitsintoagivensentence.Sample:"Myfavoriteactivityis_____,Ialwaysfeelrelaxedafterward."ClozeTestonGerundsClozeTestReadingComprehensiononInfinitiveVerbsThesequestionsaskstudentstoidentifytheinfinitiveverbsinagivenpassageandexplaintheirfunctions.Sample:"Readtheparagraphbelowandidentifytheinfinitiveverbthatisusedasapurposeclause.Explainitsfunctionandmeaning."要点一要点二ReadingComprehensiononGerundsThesequestionsaskstudentstoidentifygerundsinapassageandexplaintheirmeaningsorfunctions.Sample:"Inthefollowingparagraph,underlinethegerundandexplainitsroleinthecontext."ReadingComprehensionQuestionsWritingExerciseonInfinitiveVerbsStudentsareaskedtoconstructsentencesusinginfinitiveverbsanddemonstratetheirunderstandingoftheirfunctionsandforms.Sample:"Writeasentenceusingtheinfinitiveverb'togo'thatexpressesapurpose."WritingExerciseonGerundsHere,studentsareaskedtocreatesentenceswithgerundsanddemonstratetheirmasteryoftheirusageasnounsoraspartofalargerphraseorclause.Sample:"Writeasentenceusingthegerund'reading'thatshowsitsuseasasubject."WritingExerciseQuestions04AnAnalysisofErrorsinNonfiniteVerbsVSInfinitivesarethebaseformofverbs,usuallyprecededby"to".Gerundsareverbformsendingin"-ing"thatfunctionasnouns.Studentsoftenconfusethetwo,especiallyinsentencestructureandmeaning.Example:"Toswimisfun"(infinitive)vs."Swimmingisapopularhobby"(gerund).ConfusionbetweeninfinitivesandgerundsParticiplesareverbformsthatcanbeusedasadjectivesoradverbs.However,studentsoftenmisusethemasadverbials,leadingtounnaturalsentencestructureorincorrectmeanings.Example:"Thecatsatonthemat,eatenthefish"(incorrectusageofparticipleasadverbial).MisuseofparticiplesasadverbialsNonfiniteverbscanbeconvertedintoclausesorsubordinateclauses,butstudentsoftenstrugglewiththecorrectusageandstructureoftheseconversions.Example:"Ienjoyreadingbooks"(non-finiteverb)canbeconvertedintoaclause:"IenjoywhenIreadbooks"(incorrectconversion).Inconclusion,studentsneedtohaveaclearunderstandingofnonfiniteverbsandtheirusageinordertoavoidcommonerrors.Regularpracticeandfeedbackfromteacherscanhelpstudentsimprovetheirlanguageskillsandavoidthesecommonmistakes.010203Theconversionofnonfiniteverbsandclauses05SuggestionsforpreparingfornonfiniteverbsMasterthebasicconceptsandusageofnonfiniteverbsUnderstandthetypesofnonfiniteverbs:Infinitive,participle,andgerund.Learnthefunctionsofnonfiniteverbsinasentence:subject,object,complement,andadverbial.Familiarizeyourselfwiththedifferentformsofnonfiniteverbs:basefor