非谓语动词课件

非谓语动词不定式动名词现在分词过去分词主动被动一般式todotobedone完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone进行式tobedoing无语态时态不定式的时态和语态主动被动一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone语态时态现在分词/动名词的时态和语态非谓语动词考点归纳:1.非谓语动词的时态与语态；2.非谓语动词的否认式；3.不定式符号的省略及疑问结构；4.动词不定式的各种形式及应用；5.-ing结构的各种形式及应用；

6.-ed结构在句中的不同用法；7.非谓语动词作宾语、定语、表语等的辨析；8.非谓语动词的固定结构或习惯用法等。

作动词宾语时，两种结构在意义上有时差异很大，这样的动词有：remember,forget,regret,stop,goon,mean,try等。remember/forget/regret+doing表已经发生的动作remember/forget/regret+todo表动作还没有发生allow/permit/advisesb.todoallow/permit/advisedoingfeellikedoing/wouldliketodo想做……/要做……setaboutdoing/setouttodo开始做……preferdoingtodoingwouldratherdothandoprefertodoratherthando宁愿……而不愿usedtodo过去经常做……beusedtodo被用来做……be/getusedtodoing养成做……习惯can’thelp(to)do不能帮助做……can’thelpdoing止不住地做……can’thelpbutdo不得不在theonly,序数词thefirst,thesecond…thelast或形容词最高级修饰的名词后用不定式作定语.Lindawastheonlyonetostayforthewholeperformance.Theyoungestpersontoentertheprogrammewasjustfourteen.不定式的完成式表示没有实现的愿望expect,intend,hope,mean,plan,promise,suppose,think,want,wishIintendedtohavecometoseeyou.Ihadintendedtocometoseeyou.wouldliketohavedone…在动词want,require,need等后动名词作宾语时〔=tobedone)，用物作主语.Thewallneedsrepairing(=toberepaired).Iwanttogotothebarber’sbecausemyhairwantscutting(=tobecut).在worth后用动名词主动形式，在worthy后用动名词被动形式。例：Thefilmisworthseeing.=Thefilmisworthyofbeingseen.=Thefilmisworthytobeseen.but/except+todo/do结构，要根据谓语动词来确定其后面的形式。当谓语动词是do,does,did时，but后用动词原形；谓语动词是其他动词时，but后用“to+动词原形〞的形式。havenochoice/alternativebuttodocandonothingbutdo带动名词的句子结构1.Itisnouse(useless,nogood,nofun,awasteoftime)doingsth.2.Thereisnodenyingthat…无可否认Thereisnodenyingthatyouhavemadegreatachievementsinyourarea.to后接动词时，to是不定式符号，应该接原形动词，to是介词应要接动名词。这一点一定要判断清楚。在“getdownto开始做…；lookforwardto盼望…；stickto坚持做…；leadto导致…；devoteoneselfto献身于…;bedevotedto献身于…；payattentionto注意…；objectto反对做…〞中，to都是介词，其后面应该接动名词。动名词的复合结构,可在句中做主语或宾语。逻辑主语是有生命的名词,作主语时,必须用名词或代词的所有格;其他情况都可用普通格.Mybrother’scominglatemadetheteacherangry.TheyinsistonTom’sstayinglonger.

(Tomstaying)Pleaseexcusemysayingso.

(mesaying)分词的两个结构否认结构：not+分词例如：Nothavingknownhisaddress,Ididn’twritetohim.复合结构〔独立主格结构〕有两种形式：〔1〕名词〔代词主格〕+分词〔只作状语〕〔2〕with+名词〔代词宾格〕+分词〔作状语或定语〕例：1)Theday’sworkdone,theywenthome.他们做完一天的工作就回家了。2)Hesattherewithhisfeetpointingtoothers.

他坐在那儿把脚指向别人。独立主格结构放在句首不能误当成并列句，分词作状语放在句末不能误当成并列谓语。Therebeingnobuses,wehadtowalkhome.Thestudentsworkedinthefields,_____.(laughedandtalked,/laughingandtalking).为了使概念更明确，在分词前可以用when,while,if,once,unless,asif,than,as这些连词。例:Iwillgoifinvited(=ifIaminvited).“使……怎么样〞之类的动词〔amuse,astonish,excite,frighten,interest,move,relax,satisfy,shock,surprise,encourage,disappoint,puzzle,tire,please,inspire,terrify,worry〕，它们的ing形式表示主动，而过去分词表示被动。一般情况下“人〞用过去分词，“物〞用ing形式。常用几个动词的结构及意义

want+doing〔表示被动〕/wantsth.tobedone〔表示被动〕wantsb.todo〔表示主动〕makesth.done〔表示被动〕/makesb.do〔表示主动〕havesth.+todo有…可做+sb.+do叫某人做…+sth.+done叫别人做…+sb.+doing让…一直做…getsb.todo叫…做…getsth.done使…发生;完成…getsth.doing

使…发动;开始…getthecarmovingcatch+宾语+doing看见某人在做…seat/dress这两个动词后如有宾语用现在分词，反之用过去分词。include/consider这两个动词如果放在名词之前用现在分词，名词之后用过去分词。missing/remaining作“丧失的〞和“剩下的〞讲，只有现在分词形式；left作“剩下的〞讲只能放名词后或代词后。例如：Wewentthere,includingourboss./Wewentthere,ourbossincluded.一些只用现在分词形式的固定结构：generally/seriouslyspeaking,judgingfrom(by)…但totellthetruth,tobesure,tobeexact要用不定式。spokenEnglish是“英语口语〞，而English-speaking是“讲英语的……〞后面一般接名词，它是个形容词。open作形容词用是“开着的〞，而“关着的〞是closed。形容词close是指“距离〞，不是“关着的〞意思。Heusedtosleepwithallthewindowsopen.比较：Heusedtosleepwithallthewindowsclosed.几组易错的现在分词、过去分词lievi.laylainlying躺liev.liedliedlying撒谎

lay

vi.laidlaidlaying放；下蛋found

vt.foundedfounded成立find

vt.foundfound发现windwoundwound盘旋;蜿蜒woundwoundedwounded受伤riseviroserisen上升raisevt.raisedraised上升

fall

vi.fellfallen落下feel

vt.feltfelt摸；感觉hang

vi.hunghung悬挂hang

vt.hangedhanged绞死lightvt.lit〔一般作谓语〕lightlighted〔作定语〕燃着的burnvt./vi.burnt烧焦的burning正在燃烧的1.Hearingthenews,tearscameintohereyes.

Whensheheardthenews,tearscame……..Hearingthenews,sheburstintotears.2.

Havingbeentoldmanytimes,buthecouldn’tunderstandit.Hehadbeentoldtwice,buthecouldn’t.……Havingbeentoldtwice,hecouldn’t…......

Thoughhehadbeentoldtwice,hecouldn’t..xx1.MorepeoplearesigningupforYogaclassesnowadays,____advantageofthehealthandrelaxationbenefits.(EMT05)A.havingbeentakenB.takenC.havingtakenD.taking2.Generallyspeaking,____accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.(EMT03)A.whentakingB.whentotakeC.whentobetakenD.whentakenKeysDDKeysCB3.Havingbeenattackedbyterrorists,______.(EMT04)A.doctorscametotheirrescueB.anemergencymeasurewastakenC.thetallbuildingcollapsedD.warningsweregiventotourists4.Theflowers_____sweetinthegardenattractthevisitorstobethebeautyofnature.(EMT04)A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt5.Though_____money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.(EMT02)A.lackedB.lackingofC.LackingD.lackedin6.Thebell____theendtheperiodrang,_____ourheateddiscussion.(EMT01)A.indicating,interruptingB.indicated,interruptingC.indicating,interruptedD.indicated,interruptedKeysCAKeysAD7.Thedisc,digitally___inthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.(EMT04)A.recordedB.recordingC.toberecordedD.havingrecorded8.Don’tusewords,expressions,orphrases___onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.(EMT02)A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.known1.Shedidn’tgeteverythingreadyandwasverysorryto___________________.2._____________________,Joansucceededindoingherexperiment.3.Hebecame______________ofhisjobanddecidedtogiveitupandfindanewone.4._____________________,Ireallydidn’tknowwhattodonext.havekeptmewaitingHelpedbyherteacherverytiredofConfusedbyhiswordsvery,tireofconfuse,hiswordsvery,inspirekeep,sb.waitface,eachotherhelp,teachermakeoneself,understandhave,sth.,repair5.TheTVsetisoutoforderandheisgoingto________________rightnow.6.Theysat_________________,butdidn’tsayanything.7.Weallfoundhisspeech____________.8.Theforeignerspokeveryslowlyandclearlyto______