2024届高考英语一轮总复习练案37选修8Unit2Cloning练习含解析新人教版

2024届高考英语一轮总复习练案37选修8Unit2Cloning练习含解析新人教版选修八Unit2CloningⅠ.阅读理解A(2021·山东六地联考)Inanewstudy,researchersanalyzedinformationfrommorethan18,000peoplewhoprovidedbloodsamples.Participantsreportedwhethertheyexercisedregularly,andifso,whattypeofexercisestheytypicallydid.Theresearchersthenscannedparticipants'blood,lookingforgenes(基因)thataretiedtoanincreasedriskofobesity(肥胖).Next,theresearchersexaminedwhethercertainexercisesseemedtobalancethisrisk.Overall,peoplewhoreporteddoinganytypeofregularexercisestendedtohavealowerBMI(体重指数)thanthosewhodidn't.Thiswastrueevenamongpeoplewhoweregeneticallyeasytobecomeoverweight.Butoneexercisestoodoutastheonewiththestrongestanti-obesityeffect:jogging.ParticipantswithobesitygeneswhojoggedtendedtohavealowerBMIthanpeoplewithsimilargeneticriskwhodidnotjog.Butforthosewholoathejogging,fearnot:FiveothertypesofexerciseswerealsotiedtoalowerBMIamongindividualsatriskforobesity.Theseincludedmountainclimbing,ballroomdancingandwalking.Thebenefitsoftheseexerciseswerethebiggestamongthosewiththegreatestgeneticriskofobesity.Interestingly,severalothertypesofexercisesfailedtocounteractthegeneticriskofobesity.Theseincludedcycling,stretchingexercisesandswimming.Thefindingsdon'tmeanthattheselatterexercisescan'thelpwithweightcontrol.It'sjustthattheydidn'tseemtocounteractthegenetictendencytogainweight.Therecouldbeseveralreasonsforthis.Theresearchersnotedthat,fortheaverageJoeorJane,cyclingandstretchingexercisestendtorequirelessenergythantheexercisesthatweretiedtoalowerobesityrisk.Inaddition,exercisinginwater,ashappenswithswimming,mayincreaseappetite.文章大意：本文是说明文，主题语境是“人与社会”。研究表明，慢跑是肥胖基因的克星。此外，爬山、交际舞和散步也有利于降低肥胖的风险。相反，骑自行车、做伸展运动和游泳等并不能帮助抵抗肥胖基因风险。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“loathe”inthethirdparagraphmean？AA．Dislike. B．Display.C．Disturb. D．Discourage.解析：词义猜测题。画线词后面提供了其他几项抵抗肥胖基因风险的运动。可见画线词所在句的意思是“对于那些不喜欢慢跑的人来说，也不必担心”。故可判断loathe是“不喜欢，讨厌”之意。2．Whichexercisehastheleasteffectonbalancingobesitygenes？DA．Mountainclimbing. B．Ballroomdancing.C．Runningslowly. D．Ridingabicycle.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“severalothertypesofexercisesfailedtocounteractthegeneticriskofobesity.Theseincludedcycling,stretchingexercisesandswimming.”可知，骑自行车不能抵抗肥胖基因风险。3．Whatdoestheauthorindicateinthelastparagraph？BA．Swimmingdoesn'thelponeloseweight.B．Divingmaymakeapersoneatmorefood.C．Averagepeopleputlessenergyintoexercises.D．Stretchingexerciseswillbecomepopular.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Inaddition，exercisinginwater，ashappenswithswimming，mayincreaseappetite.”可知水中运动可能会增加食欲。潜水属于水中运动，据此可判断潜水可能使一个人饭量增加。4．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitle？CA．JoggingLessLeadstoGeneticObesityB．RegularExercisesTendtoLowerBMIC．WhetherExercisesBalanceRisksofObesityGenesD．GenesAreVeryImportantforPeople'sWeightControl解析：标题判断题。根据第一段最后一句、第二段第三句、第三段最后一句和第四段第一句可知，本文主要讲的是运动是否能够平衡肥胖基因的风险。故C项是最佳答案。B(2023·山西太原市高三测评)Wheretherearehumans,therearehousesparrows.Butdespitetheirsuggestivespeciesname,Passerdomesticus,theyaren'tofficiallydomesticated.Thebold,tinyandgray-and-brownbirdsarefoundoneverycontinentexceptAntarctica,hoppingaroundcities,pecking(啄)atleftoverfoodonsidewalks,andsometimeschasingawaynativebirdspecies.Thehousesparrowshaveadaptedtolivingalongsidehumans,butthisfriendlybehaviortohumansislegendary.Nooneknewwhatsetthemapartfromtheotherwildmembersofthesparrowfamily.Lookingforageneticexplanation,MarkRavinet,anevolutionarybiologistandhiscolleaguescaughtdozensofsparrowsatsitesacrossEurope.Theysetupmistnetsthatharmlesslytrappedthebirdsastheyflewinside—measuredandtaggedthebirds,drewbloodsamples,andthenreleasedthem.Backinthelab,theysequencedthebirds'DNA.Theyfoundthatthehousesparrow'sgenesofmanyregionsappearedtohaveexperiencedpositiveselection,helpingthebirdslivealongsidehumans.Theevolutionaryprocessofnaturalselectionmayhavefavoredgeneticchangesthatalteredtheirskullshapeandallowedthemtoeatfoodwithstarch(淀粉)—similartodomesticatedanimalslikedogs.Themostsignificantsignofpositiveselectioninthebirds'DNAwasfoundinaregionwithtwoknowngenes:oneislinkedtoskulldevelopmentandanotherhelpscreatetheamylase(淀粉酶),whichhelpsbreakdownstarchinhumans,dogsandotherdomesticatedanimals.Changestobothgenesmighthavehelpedthehousesparrowseathuman-cultivatedfoods.AnotherevolutionarybiologistSamuelAndrewsaystheworkisanexcitingnewstepforbirdresearchersthatcouldanswermanyquestionsabouthowsparrowspeciesadaptedtodifferentconditions.ButheandRavinetagreetheremaybechangestoothergenesthatweremissedinthisinitialanalysis,yetstillhelpedthebirdstakeadvantageofhumans.“Ifyouliveinamajorcity,therearemoreanimalsaroundyouthanyourealize，”Ravinetsays.“Theyhaveahistoryandastorytotell.”文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。通过积极的基因选择，家雀适应了现在的生存环境。5．WhatdoweknowaboutthehousesparrowsfromParagraph1？CA．Theyaredomesticated.B．Theyareveryfriendly.C．Theyarewell-adapted.D．Theyareararespecies.解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Thebold，tiny...onsidewalks”和“Thehousesparrowshaveadaptedtolivingalongsidehumans”可推知，家雀的适应能力很强。6．WhatisthepurposeofRavinet'sresearch？DA．Toexperiencepositiveselection.B．Toconfirmthespeciesnameofhousesparrows.C．Tocomparehousesparrowswithotherdomesticanimals.D．Togeneticallyexplainhousesparrows'friendlybehavior.解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“butthisfriendlybehaviortohumansislegendary.Nooneknewwhatsetthemapartfromtheotherwildmembersofthesparrowfamily.”及第二段第一句中的“Lookingforageneticexplanation”可推知，Ravinet的研究的目的是想从基因上解释家雀具有友好行为的原因。7．Whyistheamylaseimportanttogeneticchange？AA．Becauseithelpsdigeststarch.B．Becauseallanimalscancreateit.C．Becauseitpromotesskulldevelopment.D．Becauseitcansequenceanimals'DNA.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“whichhelpsbreakdown...eathuman-cultivatedfoods.”可知，这种淀粉酶对基因改变重要的原因是它有助于消化淀粉。8．Whatcanweconcludefromthetext？DA．Housesparrows'historyislegendary.B．Housesparrowstakeadvantageofhumans.C．Theskullshapedeterminesanimals'evolution.D．PositiveselectioninDNAleadstobiologicalevolution.解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Theyfoundthatthehousesparrow'sgenesofmanyregionsappearedtohaveexperiencedpositiveselection...similartodomesticatedanimalslikedogs.”和倒数第二段中的“theworkisanexcitingnewstepforbirdresearchersthatcouldanswermanyquestionsabouthowsparrowspeciesadaptedtodifferentconditions.”可推知，积极的基因选择会引起生物的进化。Ⅱ.阅读七选五ClonesinFictionStoriesfeaturingclonesalwaysdrawmein.I'vereadenoughfictionbooksaboutclonesovertheyears.1.ETheLostGirlbySanguMandanna2.GEvaisAmarra'sclone.ShelearnswhatAmarralearnsinschool,eatswhatsheeats，andstudieseverylastdetailofherlife.Thetroubleis,nomatterhowhardshestudies,outsideoftheirappearancesEvaandAmarraaren'tthatmuchalike.Tomakemattersmorecomplex,shelearnsAmarrahasaboyfriendshemustlearntoloveasmuchasshedoeswhenherownheartsecretlybelongstosomeoneelse.WhenAmarraiskilledinacarcrashjustaftertheir16thbirthday,Evahastopickupherlifewheresheleftitoff.HerlifedependsonconvincingAmarra'slovedonesthatsheisAmarra.3.ATheHouseofScorpionbyNancyFarmerThisisnotjustoneofmyfavoritebooksaboutclones,butoneofmyfavoritebooks.BetweentheborderoftheUnitedStatesandAztlán,whichwasonceMexico,liesOpium,alandruledbydruglords(毒枭)．ElPatrónisthemostpowerfuldruglordinOpium,amanalmost20yearsold.4.FMattisElPatrón'sclone.ElPatrónhasbeenusingcloneslikeMatttokeephimselfalive.Butbeforeheisneeded,thedruglordtreatshimlikeaprizedpet.ElPatrón'sfamilydislikeshim，thinkinghiminhumanandapossiblethreat(威胁)totheirinheritance(遗产)．Theolderhegets,themoreMattfeelstrappedateveryturn.5.DA．Cantheyacceptthat?B．Theyareveryfearfulandtiresome.C．Cloningisconsideredtobecriminal.D．Isthereanywayhecanbefreetomakehisownlife?E．Canyoubeattractedbytherichimaginationofthestories?F．Everyoneisstruckwithfearintheheartwhenhearingthename.G．It'sunbelievablethatapersonhastospendthewholelifelearningtobesomeoneelse.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍作者最喜爱的两本小说：TheLostGirl与TheHouseofScorpion。解析：1．本空承上启下，根据设空前两句句意“有关克隆题材的小说总是很吸引我。多年来我已经读过大量的关于克隆的小说。”可知，E项(你们会被故事丰富的想像所吸引吗？)符合作者的思路，且引起下文对小说的介绍。2．根据空后两句可知，伊娃学阿玛拉所学的，吃阿玛拉所吃的，学习阿玛拉生活中所有的细节。故G项符合语境。G项中的learning与设空后的learns与studies相照应。3．根据语境，阿玛拉在车祸中死了，而伊娃不得不扮演阿玛拉继续她的生活。而伊娃的生活则取决于能否使阿玛拉的家人们相信她就是阿玛拉。故A项(他们能接受吗？)与之承接。4．F项(每个人听闻这个名字都闻风丧胆。)与空前一句中的“themostpowerfuldruglord”表述相符。故选F项。5．根据设空前的“feelstrappedateveryturn”可知，马特深陷囹圄，这与D项中的“befree”相呼应。故选D项。

Ⅲ.语法填空(2021·福州市八县市联考)Chinaisinmourningafteritsmostfamousandoldestcaptive(被圈养的)pandaBasidied1.aged(age)thirty-seven.Basiwasborninthewildin1980.Attheageoffour,shefellintoanicyriverandwas2.fortunately(fortune)rescuedbysomelocalvillagers3.living(live)inBaoxingCountyinsouthwestChina'sSichuanProvince.ThelocalshandedherovertotheStraitPandaResearchandExchangeCentreinFuzhou,whereshelivedtherestofherlife.Basicametofameshortly4.aftershewaschosenasthemodelforPanPan,themascotofthe1990AsianGamesinBeijing.Basineverbred(繁殖)butovercameseveralsevere5.illnesses(ill)toliveformorethan6.twice(two)the15-yearlifeexpectancyofwildpandas.Basi7.wasconfirmed(confirm)tobetheworld'soldestcaptivepandabyGuinnessWorldRecordsinAugust.Captivepandastendtolive8.longer(long)duetobetternutritionandlivingconditions.Wordhascome9.thatBasi'sbodywillbeputinBasiMuseum,whichis10.underconstructionatpresentforpeopletorememberherforeverandsharethespiritoftheharmoniousdevelopmentbetweenhumansandnature.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。中国年龄最大的大熊猫巴斯在三十七岁时去世。她曾在四岁时因落水被救，送往保护区并得到圈养；曾被选为1990年北京亚运会吉祥物盼盼的原型。为了纪念巴斯，人们为她建起了博物馆。解析：1．考查形容词。该处指大熊猫巴斯在37岁时死亡。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词作状语。故填aged。2．考查副词。空处修饰动词rescued，故用副词形式。3．考查非谓语动词。名词villagers和动词live之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。故用现在分词作后置定语。4．考查连词。根据该句“Basicametofameshortly4shewaschosenasthemodelforPanPan，themascotofthe1990AsianGamesinBeijing.”并结合语境可知，在被选为1990年北京亚运会的吉祥物盼盼的原型后不久，巴斯就声名鹊起。故用连词after。5．考查名词。根据空前的形容词“severe”可知，该形容词修饰空处，故空处应用名词形式；再根据空前的“several”可知，空处应用名词复数形式。6．考查副词。根据第一段第一句中的“pandaBasidied...thirtyseven”可知，大熊猫巴斯在37岁去世，结合空后的“the15-yearlifeexpectancyofwildpandas”可知，她的寿命比野生大熊猫的两倍还长。故用twice。7．考查动词的时态和语态。通读全文可知，本文讲述了大熊猫巴斯生前的情况，故用一般过去时；该句主语是Basi，和动词confirm之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，表示“被确认”。8．考查副词的比较级。根据该句中的“betternutritionandlivingconditions”可知，由于有更好的营养和生活条件，圈养大熊猫的寿命更长。故用比较级。9．考查同位语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，抽象名词Word和从句“Basi'sbodywillbeputinBasiMuseum”为同位关系。故用that引导该同位语从句。10．考查介词。underconstruction为固定搭配，意为“在建造中”。故填under。Ⅳ.短文改错(2021·成都市诊断)ThefirsttimeIheardtheexpression“Knowyourself”bySocrates,Ididn'trealizeitsmeaninguntilIgotouniversity.Istartedmyuniversitylifeunwillingly,becauseIdidn'twanttoleavemyparentsanduniversityofengineeringwasnotmydreamschooltoo.However,Ichangedmymindcompleteafterasemester.Myschoolmatesarefromdifferentplace,someofwhicharereallyoutstanding.Thismakesmerealizedthereisalwayssomeonemuchmorebettercapable.Sincethen,toknowmyselfhasbecomeanimportancepartofmylife.OnlybyknowingwhoIamorwhereIamcanIreallyfollowtherightpath.答案：ThefirsttimeIheardtheexpression“Knowyourself”bySocrates,Ididn'trealizeitsmeaninguntilIeq\o(go,\s\do8(went))touniversity.Istartedmyuniversitylifeunwillingly,becauseIdidn'twanttoleavemyparentsandeq\o(∧,\s\do8(a/the))universityofengineeringwasnotmydreamschooleq\o(too,\s\do8(either)).However,Ichangedmymindeq\o(complete,\s\do8(completely))afterasemester.Myschoolmatesarefromdifferenteq\o(place,\s\do8(places))，someofeq\o(which,\s\do8(whom))arereallyoutstanding.Thismakesmeeq\o(realized,\s\do8(realize))thereisalwayssomeonemuchmorebettercapable.Sincethen,toknowmyselfhasbecomeaneq\o(importance,\s\do8(important))partofmylife.OnlybyknowingwhoIameq\o(or,\s\do8(and))whereIamcanIreallyfollowtherightpath.解析：1．时态误用。根据上文中的“didn't”和下文中的“startedmyuniversitylife”可知，此处要用一般过去时。2．冠词漏用。此处可以泛指“一所工程大学”，也可以特指“我”就读的“那所工程大学”，故应在university前加a/the。3．副词误用。否定句中用“either”表示“也”。4．形容词和副词混用。此处修饰动词“changed”，应用副词形式。5．名词单复数误用。place为可数名词，其前无限定词修饰，结合语境可知此处表示复数概念，应用复数形式。6．关系代词误用。先行词为“Myschoolmates”，指人，又关系词在介词后作宾语，故用whom。7．非谓语动词误用。使役动词后加省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。8．比较级误用。capable前加more变其比较级，better多余，应删除。9．名词和形容词混用。此处修饰名词part，应用形容词。10．连词误用。根据语境可知，此处表示“只有知道我是谁和我在哪里，我才能走上正确的道路”，此处为并列关系而非选择关系，故将or改为and。选修八Unit3InventorsandinventionsⅠ.完形填空(2023·河北唐山市高三摸底)Asusual,Iwasondutywithmypolicedog,GermanShepherdFinn.Suddenlymybreathbecamethickandfast.Inthedarkstreetahead,Icouldmakeoutthefamiliar1.Cofthefleeingsuspect,a16-year-oldboy.Theboywewere2.Dwassuspectedofanarmed3.A，andhejustgotawayunderour4.Bseveraltimes.“Notthistimeanyway！”Isworeinmymind.Ihitanemergencybuttononmyradiofor5.DfromthenearestpolicestationasFinnandIapproached6.A.Thesuspectwasjustabouttoclimbovera7.BwhenIgotdownintimeto8.Chim.Theteen9.Da10-inchhuntingknifeandstabbed(刺)inmyneck.Suddenly,Finnjumpedbetweenus,10.Bthesuspect'sleg.A11.Aknifewaspulledoutofmydog'schest12.CIknewwhatwashappening.Thoughbadly13.D，Finnstilldidn'tletgooftheboy'sleg.Ipickedtheattackerupand14.Donhimonthegroundasmycolleagues15.Aintothegarden.Officers16.Ctheattacker,pinninghimtothefloor.I17.BFinntoletgo,andonlythendidthedog18.Ditsheadtotheground.Finn19.Cfourhoursofemergencysurgeryandhadtohaveseveralpartsofhislungsremoved,butluckily,hemadeit.Theknifehad20.Ahisheartbymillimetres.IamsoproudofFinn.文章大意：本文主要讲述了作者和警犬一起成功捉拿嫌疑人的故事。1．A.character B．expressionC．shape D．face解析：根据上文中的“makeout”及常识可推知，作者当时辨认出嫌疑人熟悉的身形。故选C。2．A.seeingthrough B．caringforC．bringingup D．searchingfor解析：根据上文中的“fleeingsuspect”及下文中的“hejustgotaway...severaltimes”可推知，这是作者他们正在寻找(searchingfor)的男孩。故选D。seethrough“看穿”；carefor“照顾”；bringup“抚养”。3．A.robbery B．trainingC．deed D．performance解析：根据上文中的“suspect”可知，那个男孩是一个嫌疑人。故选A。robbery“抢劫”。4．A.feet B．nosesC．arms D．eyes解析：根据下文“‘Notthistimeanyway！’Isworeinmymind.”可推知，这个嫌疑人已经在警察的眼皮子底下逃跑许多次，因此作者发誓这次绝不放过他。undersb'snose“就在某人眼皮底下”，为固定搭配。5．A.order B．callC．duty D．help解析：根据语境可知，当时作者孤身一人，只有警犬跟着，因此作者按了紧急按钮以向最近的警察局寻求帮助，且下文“mycolleagues15intothegarden”亦是提示。故选D。6．A.quietly B．carelesslyC．slowly D．madly解析：根据语境可知，作者发出紧急求助后悄悄地(quietly)靠近嫌疑人，生怕打草惊蛇。故选A。7．A.tree B．fenceC．garden D．hill解析：根据下文中的“asmycolleagues15intothegarden”并结合语境可推知，当时嫌疑人想攀爬过花园篱笆(fence)。8．A.attack B．persuadeC．stop D．arrest解析：根据下文对作者和嫌疑人搏斗的描述可推知，此处指嫌疑人想逃走被作者阻止了。故选C。9．A.carried B．broughtC．took D．pulled解析：与下文“A11knifewaspulledoutofmydog'schest”呼应可推知，此处指嫌疑人拿出了猎刀朝作者刺了过来。10．A.breaking B．bitingC．squeezing D．pinning解析：根据上文“Asusual，Iwasondutywithmypolicedog，GermanShepherdFinn.”可知，Finn是一条警犬，且与下文“Thoughbadly13，Finnstilldidn'tletgooftheboy'sleg.”呼应可推知，此处指警犬Finn咬住了嫌疑人的腿。故选B。11．A.bloody B．shabbyC．shiny D．sharp解析：根据下文“pulledoutofmydog'schest”并结合语境可推知，猎刀刺进了警犬的胸膛，刀抽出时是血淋淋的(bloody)。12．A.since B．untilC．before D．when解析：根据语境可推知，当时事发突然，作者还没有反应过来。before“在……以前”符合语境。13．A.beaten B．threatenedC．treated D．wounded解析：根据下文Finn接受手术，被切掉一部分肺可推知，当时警犬受伤(wounded)严重。14．A.pushed B．threwC．laid D．stamped解析：根据语境及空前的“Ipickedtheattackerup”可知，作者逮捕了嫌疑人，并把他踩(stamped)在地上。故选D。push“推”；throw“扔”；lay“放置”。15．A.rushed B．walkedC．broke D．slid解析：与上文“Ihitanemergencybuttononmyradiofor5fromthenearestpolicestation”呼应可推知，此处指救援队冲进花园帮助作者捉拿嫌疑人。16．A.beat B．challengedC．surrounded D．covered解析：根据下文“pinninghimtothefloor”可推知，当时警察把嫌疑人包围了，将他摁在地上。17．A.forced B．signaledC．allowed D．greeted解析：根据上文“Thoughbadly13，Finnstilldidn'tletgooftheboy'sleg.”可推知，作者示意警犬松开嫌疑人。signal“示意”。18．A.rest B．shakeC．put D．drop解析：根据语境可知，当时警犬一直咬着嫌疑人的腿不松口，故可推知在放开嫌疑人的腿之后，受伤严重的警犬倒在了地上。故选D。19．A.checkedover B．preparedforC．wentthrough D．tookup解析：根据语境可知，警犬接受了四个小时的紧急手术。gothrough“经历”。20．A.missed B．hitC．touched D．cut解析：根据上文“Finn19fourhoursofemergencysurgeryandhadtohaveseveralpartsofhislungsremoved，butluckily，hemadeit.”可知，警犬受伤严重，但手术很成功，由此可推知，此处表示当时刺警犬的那一刀未击中(missed)其心脏，离心脏只有几毫米。Ⅱ.阅读理解(2021·河南省九师联盟质检)Theroseisasymbolofloveinpopularculture,butnowtheflowercouldholdmorethanjustsymbolicvalue.Anewdevice(装置)forcollectingandpurifyingwater,developedatTheUniversityofTexasatAustin，wasinspiredbyaroseandisagreatimprovementonpresentmethods.Eachflower-likestructure(构造)costslessthan2centsandcanproducemorethanhalfagallonofwaterperhourpersquaremeter.AteamledbyprofessorDongleiFandevelopedanewapproachtosolarsteamingforwaterproduction—atechniquethatusesenergyfromsunlighttoseparatesaltandotherimpuritiesfromwater.Inapaperpublishedrecently,theauthorsoutlinehowaroseprovidedtheinspirationfordevelopinganewkindofsolar-steamingsystemmadefromlayered,blackpapersheetsshapedintopetals(花瓣).Attachedtoastem-liketubethatcollectsuntreatedwaterfromanywater,the3Droseshapemakesiteasierforthestructuretocollectandholdmoreliquid.“Weweresearchingformoreeffectivewaystoapplythesolar-steamingtechniqueforwaterproductionbyusingblackfiltered(过滤)papercoatedwithaspecialtypeofpolymer(聚合物)，”Fansaid.Sheandherteamexperimentedwithdifferentwaystoshapethepapertoseewhatwasbest.Theybeganbyplacingsingle,roundlayersofthecoatedpaperflatonthegroundunderdirectsunlight.Aftertoyingwithafewshapes,Fanwasinspiredbyabookshereadinhighschool.Itgavehertheideatotryusingaflower—likeshape,andshediscoveredtherosetobeperfect.Thedevicecollectswaterthroughitsstem—liketube—feedingittotheflower-shapedstructureontop.Itcanalsocollectraindropscomingfromabove.Waterfindsitswaytothepetalswherethepolypyrrolematerialcoatingtheflowerturnsthewaterintosteam.Impuritiesnaturallyseparatefromwater.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。研究人员从玫瑰花身上获得灵感，因而设计出了玫瑰花形状的一个新装置，该装置可以用于收集和净化水。1．Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribethenewdevice?AA．Cheapanduseful. B．Modernbutcostly.C．Slowandexpensive. D．Uniquebutimpractical.解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Eachflower-likestructure(构造)costslessthan2centsandcanproducemorethanhalfagallonofwaterperhourpersquaremeter.”可推断，该新装置既廉价又实用。2．Whatmakesiteasierforthenewdevicetocollectandholdmoreliquid？BA．Itslargesize. B．Itsspecialshape.C．Itsunusualdepth. D．Itsuniquematerial.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“...the3Droseshapemakesiteasierforthestructuretocollectandholdmoreliquid.”可知，这个装置之所以更容易收集和容纳更多的液体是因为其3D玫瑰形状。3．WheredoesFan'sinspirationforthenewdevicecomefrom？DA．Herexperience. B．Atoy.C．Aschoolteacher. D．Abook.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Aftertoyingwithafewshapes，Fanwasinspiredbyabookshereadinhighschool.Itgavehertheideatotryusingaflower—likeshape，andshediscoveredtherosetobeperfect.”可知，Fan设计这个新装置的灵感来源于她中学时看过的一本书。4．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext？CA．NewDevicesHelpPurifyWaterinaNaturalWayB．BelieveItorNot,RosesCanBeUsedtoPurifyWaterC．ARoseInspiresaSmartWaytoCollectandPurifyWaterD．ARose-shapedWaterPurificationDeviceBecomesPopular解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要是介绍研究人员从玫瑰花身上获得灵感，因而设计出了玫瑰花形状的一个新装置，该装置可以用于收集和净化水。Ⅲ.阅读七选五(2023·青岛市五月模考)Onetruthaboutmodernlifeisthatnobodyhasanytime.1.FSolet'stryasimplethoughtexperiment.Imaginethatyoucameintopossessionofamagicalnewsetoftechnologiesthatcouldautomateorpromoteeverysinglepartofyourjob.2.DMaybeyou'dpickupahobby,orhavemorechildren,orlearntorelaxandenjoyyourselfintheadditionalleisure.ButwhatifItoldyouthatyouwouldn'tdoanyofthosethings:Youwouldjustworktheexactsameamountoftimeasbefore.3.BButtherearesimplereasonsforthis.Bettertechnologymeanshigherexpectations—andhigherexpectationscreatemorework.Formostofhistory,humanswereforcedtosufferfromtheirowndirtyandunpleasantsubstances.Mostfamilies'clotheswerewashedtwiceayear.Thehouseworktechnologiesthatcameintotheworldsuddenlybetweenthelate-19thandmid-20thcenturycreatednewnorms(标准)ofcleanliness—forourfloors,ourclothes,ourselves.4.CAutomaticwashersanddryersraisedourexpectationsforcleanclothesandencouragedpeopletogooutandbuynewshirtsandpants;housewivesthereforehadmoreloadsoflaundrytowash,dry,andfold.Inshort,technologymadeitmucheasiertocleanahouseto1890sstandards.5.GTheywantedamodernhome—withdustlesswindowsills(窗台)andshinyfloors—andthisdustlessshinyhomerequireda40-to-50-hourworkweek,evenwiththeassistanceofmoderntools.A．Youarewastingyourtime.B．Thismightseemimpossible.C．Newnormsmeantmorework.D．Whatwouldyoudowiththeextratime?E.Thatmeansyoucanhavemoretimetorelax.F.Everybodyisbusy,burnedout,andoverloaded.G.Butbymid-century,Americansdidn'twantthatoldhouse.文章大意：这是一篇说明文。介绍了为什么技术不断发展，人还是越来越忙的原因。解析：1．根据上一句“Onetruthaboutmodernlifeisthatnobodyhasanytime.”可推测，接下来应该讲为什么人没有时间，承接上文。故选F。2．根据上文内容“Imagine