上海市2021年高考英语冲刺模拟试卷分类汇编：选词填空 含答案

上海市2021年高考英语冲刺模拟试卷分类汇编

选词填空专题

2021届上海高考英语冲刺模拟试卷1

SectionB

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbe

usedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.overlookedB.alternativeC.urgeD.habituallyE.external

F.interaction

G.equivalentH.significantlyLclueJ.integratedK.infectious

Howhasitbecomethemodern_31_ofglancingatyourwatch--thefurtive(偷偷的)look

ataphonescreentocheckfornewmessagesorhaveaquicklookatFacebook?Researchershave

nowfoundwhyweoftenfeelsuchastrong_32—toglanceatourcellphones.Usingyour

mobile,theysay,is_33—.

AteamfromtheUniversityofMichigansaypeoplearetwiceaslikelytopullouttheir

phonestochecktheirtextmessagesoremailifthey'rewithsomeonewhohasjustdonethesame.

Italsofoundthatfemalesweremorelikelytousetheirmobilethanmenbecauseitwasmore

_34_intothedailylivesofwomen.

Theteamwatchedstudentsindininghallsandcoffeeshopsaroundcampus,observingpairs

ofstudentssittingattablesforaslongas20minutesanddocumentedtheircellphoneuseat

10-secondintervals.

“Whatwefoundmostfascinatingwasjusthowoftenpeoplewereusingtheirmobile

phones,“DrDanielKruger,thestudy*sco-author,said.uOverall,thestudentsusedtheircell

phonesinanaverageof24percent,buttheywere_35_morelikelytousetheirphoneswhen

theircompanionhadjustdonesointheprevious10-secondintervalthanwithoutthesocial

_36_.

“Cellphonescreatea(n)-37_outletforone'sattentionandmaybothpromoteand

interferewithlivesocialinteraction,“theresearcherswrote.

Krugerbelievesthispatterncouldberelatedtotheeffectsofsocialinclusionandexlusion.If

onepersoninapairengagesina(n)—38—conversationthroughtheirphone,hisorher

companionmayfeelexcluded.Thatcompanionthenmightbecompelledtoconnectwithothers

externallysoasnottofeel_39_.

Theresearchersnotethattheymightnotobservethesameresultsinastudyofdifferent

crowds--forexample,inolderadults,whomaynotusecellphonesas_40_.

【答案】31-40GCKJHFBEAD

【重难点词汇和短语解析】

1.Habitually-adv.习惯性地，日常地

2.Integrateinto-prep.成为一体，融入

3.Alternative-adj.可供选择的；n.备选项

4.Interval-n.间隔

5.Outlet-n.出口，排放口；发泄方式

6.interferewith-prep.「介入

7.Inclusion-n.包含，内含物

8.Exclusion-n.被排除在外的事物

9.Engagein-prep.参与，从事

10.becompelledto-prep.不得不

【试题解析】

31题通过词性判断应该是名词，空格前面发的modem和后文的glancingatyourwatch得出

选项Gequivalent,本句意思是现代人看手机就像以前的人看手表一样，时不时地会去偷偷瞄

两眼。

32题判断为名词，通过前文描写人们会时不时地偷偷查看手机这一举动，本句的意思是为

什么我们会有如此强烈的欲望去看手机，因此选C.urge.

33题的线索在第二段开头，讲到如果别人看手机，我们就更有可能掏出手机来，因此这一

举动是具有“传染性的”，因此锁定K.infectious.

34题考查短语integrateinto-成为一体，融入。本句讲的是女性比男性更长用手机，因为手

机与女性的生活融为一体。

35题前后衔接为weremorelikely,因此判断此处为副词，修饰morelikely的程度副词只有

habitually,因此答案选D.

36题考查短语socialinteraction-社交，此线索也在下文中出现。本句的意思是这些被调查

的大学生如果在跟别人社交两天的间隙停留十秒看到别人看了手机,而没有跟自己有任何交

流，那么自己极有可能也去看手机。

37题判断词性为形容词，本句意为手机为人们获得他人的注意提供了另一种方式。因此选

B.alternative.

38题判定为形容词，剩卜.的形容词当中只有E.external符合本句话的意思，此处在讲两人中

有一人在用电话跟别人交流，而这种交流只能是外在的，通过手机沟通。

39题判定为形容词，本句意思是看到对方看手机，而为了让自己感到不被忽视也不得不去

看手机。因此选A.overlooked.

40题所在的这句话举例了其他人群可能并非上文所说的那样，比如老年人就不会常常用手

机，表示习惯性地去做什么事，因此答案为D.habitually.

2021届上海高考英语冲刺模拟试卷2

SectionB

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbe

usedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.seeminglyB.unathleticC.monitoringD.surpriseE.efficient

F.bottling

G.intelligentlyH.outperformedI.collapsedJ.recoveryK.similar

Whydokidsneverseemtogettired?

It'stheage-oldquestionaskedbyparents:Whydokidsneverseemtogettired?Finally,

sciencehasananswer.Accordingtoanewstudy,mostchildrenhaveametabolicrate_31—to

thatofawell-trainedenduranceathlete,andtheycanrecoverfromfatigueevenfaster.

Forthestudy,publishedinFrontiersinPhysiology,researcherscomparedthemetabolicand

fatigueratesofthreegroupsofparticipants:8-to10-year-oldboys,_32_adults,and

nationally-rankedenduranceathleteswhocompeteintriathlons,marathonsandcycling.

Researcherscomparedtheenergyoutputand_33—ratesfollowingexerciseby_34—heart

rates,oxygenlevels,andlactate-removallevelstoseehowquicklytheparticipantsrecovered.

Children_35_adultsinallofthetests.

Stepforstep,researchersfoundthatthekidsburnedmoreenergybecausetheyhadtotake

morestepstocoveracertaindistancethantheiradultpeers.Theyalsotendedtouseless_36—

movementstocompleteeachtask.Butthestudyfoundthatthechildrenovercametheseobstacles

with_37—fatigue-resistantmusclesthatallowedthemtorecoverquicklyfromhigh-intensity

exercise.That'sright,fatigue-resistantmuscles.

Theseresultscomeasno_38—toanyparentwhohasever_39—onthecouchafter

tryingtokeepupwithkidsattheplayground.There'sareasonwhyparentsoftenjokeabout

_40_theirkids'energyandsellingittomakemillions.Andnow,itseems,sciencefinally

agrees.

答案：31.K32.B33.J34.C35.H36.E37.A38.D39.140.F

2021届上海高考英语冲刺模拟试卷3

SectionB

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbe

usedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.involvedB.accuratelyC.presentD.arisesE.existing

F.accuracy

G.moderateH.availableI.processingJ.respectiveK.closely

Computerprogramsrecognisewhitemenbetterthanblackwomen

Softwarethatrecognisesfaceshasboundedaheadinrecentyears,arousedbyaboomina

formofartificialintelligencecalleddeeplearning.Severalfirmsnowofferfacerecognitionasa

commercialservice,viatheir_31—clouds.Theabilitytorecogniseinfacessuchthingsasan

individual'ssexhasimprovedtoo,andthisisalsocommercially_32_.

Thealgorithms_33_have,however,longbeensuspectedofbias.Specifically,theyare

declaredtobebetterat_34_whitefacesthanthoseofotherpeople.Untilnow,thatsuspicion

hasbeenunsupportedbyevidence.Butnextweek,atFairness,AccountabilityandTransparency,a

conferenceinNewYork,JoyBuolamwinioftheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologywill

_35_workwhichsuggestsitistrue.

MsBuolamwiniandhercolleagueTimnitGebrulookedatthreesex-recognitionsystems,

thoseofIBM,MicrosoftandFacebook.Theytestedtheseonasetof1,270photographsof

parliamentarians（国会议员）fromaroundtheworldandfoundthatallthreeclassifiedlighterfaces

more_36_thandarkerones.Allalsoclassifiedmalesmoreaccuratelythanfemales.IBM's

algorithm,forexample,gotlightmalefaceswrongjust0.3%ofthetime.Thatcomparedwith

34.7%ofthetimefordarkfemalefaces.Theothertwosystemshadsimilargulfsintheir

performances.Probably,thisbias_37—fromthesetsofdatathefirmsconcernedusedtotrain

theirsoftware.MsBuolamwiniandMsGebrucouldnot,however,testthisbecausethosedatasets

are_38_guarded.

IBMhasrespondedquickly.Itsaidithadretraineditssystemonanewdatasetforthepast

year,andthatthishadgreatlyimprovedits_39—.Whentestingthenewsystemonanupdated

versionofthesetofpoliticiansMsBuolamwiniandMsGebruhadused,thefirmsaiditnow

achievedanerrorrateof3.46%ondark-skinnedfemalefaces—atenthofthatthetworesearchers

hadfoundusingthe_40_system.Forlight-skinnedmalestheerrorratealsofell,to0.25%.

31-35JHAIC36-40BDKFE

命题思路：

I.转换法：presentn./adj./v.

2.缀合法：

(1)respect-respectiveavail-available

(2)accurate-accuratelyclose-closely

(3)involve-involvedexist-existingprocess-processing

(4)arise-arises

3.moderate(-moderation)

2021届上海高考英语冲刺模拟试卷4

SectionB

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbe

usedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.maximumB.initiallyC.forgottenD.imageE.talentedF.assigned

GinsightH.potentialI.positionJ.measureK.averagely

Highlygiftedchildrenbenefitfromexplanationasmuchastheirpeers

Schoolstendtoassumethathighlygiftedchildrencanmanagebythemselvesandthatthey

donotneedanyextrasupport.Asaresult,theysometimesseemtobe(31).Psychologist

BarVogelaarconductedaresearchanddiscoveredthatahighgiftdoesnotmeanperformingtothe

children's(32)capacity.Hefindsoutthatthisgrouptoobenefitfromtrainingand

explanationandthatstrangelyenough,thebenefitsarethesameforbothgroups.

Inhisresearch,Vbgelaamadeuseofdynamictests(动态测试)，inwhichchildrenreceived

trainingandtheirprogresswasmeasuredafterwardstogiveabetter(33)oftheirlearning

capabilities,522childrenagedbetweenfiveandtenyears——173highlygiftedand349

(34)gifted----tookpartinwhatwasso-calledlearningpotentialtest;Thechildrenwere

(35)tosolveanalogicalreasoning(类推)tasks.Threeboxeswerefilledwithfiguresthat

changedfromoneboxtothenextaccordingtoaparticularrule,forexample,insizeorin

(36).Thechildrenhadtouseanalogicalreasoningtodrawthefigureinthelastbox.

Afterwards,thechildrenweregivenatraining,followedbyafurthersetoftasksasa

post-assessment.Vbgelaarconfirms:"Thiskindoftestgivesabetter(37)intohowwell

childrenlearnbecauseweareableto(38)notonlyhowmuchtheyprogressonanew

task,butalsohowmuchandwhatkindofhelptheyneedtoachievethisprogress.”

Thetestshowedthatallgroupsofchildrenmadeprogress,fromthestartingtothe

post-measurement,withmajorindividualdifference,“itconfirmsthat(39)asmany

childrenare,theybenefitfromteachers9helptoagreatextent,andthattheydon'talwaysshow

theirfull(40)intest."Vbgelaarconcludes.

答案：31.C32.A33.D34.K35.F36.137.G38.J39.E40.H

2021届上海高考英语冲刺模拟试卷5

SectionB

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbe

usedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.infectionsB.factorsC.particularlyD.separateE.seriouslyF.passive

G.mixturesH.significantlyI.presentJ.negativeK.exposed

Airpollutiontriggersmoreheartattacksthanusingcocaineandposesashighariskof

sparkingaheartattackasalcohol,coffeeandphysicalexertion,scientistssaidonThursday.Anger,

marijuana(大麻)useandchestorrespiratory(与呼吸有关的)(31)canalsotriggerheart

attackstodifferentextents,theresearcherssaid,butairpollution,(32)____inheavytraffic,isthe

majorcause.

Thefindings,publishedinTheLancetjournal,suggestpopulation-wide(33)like

pollutedairshouldbetakenmore(34)whenlookingatheartrisks,andshouldbeputinto

contextbesideshigherbutrelativelyrarerriskslikedruguse.