英语《时间表达方法》课件

EnglishTimeExpressionMethodCourseware目录contentsBasicknowledgeoftimeexpressionThemainmethodsofexpressingtimeSpecialsituationsoftimeexpressionThepracticalapplicationoftimeexpressionCommonErrorsandCorrectionsinTimeExpression01Basicknowledgeoftimeexpressionthebasicunitoftimemeasurement,equalto60minutesThehourTheminuteThesecondasubunitofthehour,equalto60secondsasubunitoftheminute,equalto60centiseconds030201DefinitionoftimeunitsTimeismeasuredfrom00:00to23:59,witheachhourdividedinto60minutesandeachminuteinto60seconds24hoursystemTimeismeasuredinAMandPM,witheachperioddividedintohours,minutes,andsomeseconds12-hoursystemComparisonbetween24hourand12-hoursystemsShorttimeformatH:MM:SS(24hoursystem)orh:MM:SS(12hoursystem)AM/PMnotationhh:mm:ssa(12-hoursystem)StandardtimeformatHH:MM:SS(24hoursystem)orHH:MM:SS(12hoursystem)Thewritingformatoftime02ThemainmethodsofexpressingtimeThismethodexpressestimeusinga12-hourclock,withAMandPMtoindicatemorningandafternoonForexample,"3:00PM"means3:00intheafternoon12-hourclockThismethodexpressestimeusinga24hourclock,withnumbersfrom00to23toindicatethehouranda.m.orp.m.toindicatemorningorafternoonForexample,"14:00"means2:00intheafternoon24hourclockDirecttimeexpressionmethodTimebyreferencetomealsThismethodexpressestimebyreferringtomealtimes,suchas"breakfasttime,""lunchtime,"and"dinnertime."TimebyreferencetoactivitiesThismethodexpressestimebyreferringtoactivities,suchas"learningouttime,""afterwardsnaptime,"and"evenTVtime."IndirecttimeexpressionmethodTheabbreviationforminuteis"min."Forexample,"30minutes"means30minutesTheabbreviationforhoursis"hr."Forexample,"2hr"means2hoursAbsorptionoftimeHourabbreviationMinuteabbreviation03SpecialsituationsoftimeexpressionAdditionoftimeWhenexpressingtheadditionoftime,weusuallyuse"plus"or"and"toconnectthetwotimeperiodsForexample,"5o'clockintheafternoonplus2hours"means"7o'clockintheevening"SubtractionoftimeWhenexpressingthesubtractionoftime,weusuallyuse"minor"or"without"toconnectthetwotimeperiodsForexample,"3o'clockinthemorningminutes2hours"means"1o'clockinthemorning"TheadditionandsubtractionoftimeWeoftenusepositionslike"at","on","in"beforetimeexpressionstospecifytheexacttimeForexample,"at5O'clockintheafternoon"means"exactlyat5O'clockintheafternoon"PositionsbeforetimeWealsousepositionslike"after","before","since"aftertimeexpressionstoexpresstherelationshipbetweentimeandeventsForexample,"after5o'clockintheafternoon"means"laterthan5o'clockintheafternoon"PositionsaftertimeTheuseofpositionsintimeVSWeneedtounderstandthecontextofthesituationwhenexpressingtimeForexample,inthepresence"Iwillmeetyoutomorrow",tomorrowmeansthenextdayaftertoday,butifitissaidonaMonday,itmeansthenextdayafterMonday,whichisTuesdayEventcontextWealsoneedtounderstandthecontextoftheeventwhenexpressingtimeForexample,inthepresence"Iwilldriveat8O'clockinthemorning",weneedtoknowwhichitismorningoreventaccordingtotheeventTimecontextContextunderstandingoftime04ThepracticalapplicationoftimeexpressionGreetingsandintroductionsExpressingtimeingreetingsandintroductionsisessentialforpoliticsandclassForexample,"Goodmorning,howareyou?"or"I'dlikeyoutomeetmyfriend,John."AppointmentsandmeetingsWhenschedulingappointmentsormeetings,it'simportanttospecifythedate,time,andduration"Let'smeetnextTuesdayat2pmforlunch."SchedulingtasksWhenplanningdailytasksoractivities,it'sessentialtousetimeexpressionsforclarity"Ineedtofinishthisreportby5pmtoday."TimeexpressionindailylifeDeadlinesandprojectmanagementIntheworkplace,deadlinesandprojectmanagementoftenrequirespecifictimeexpressions"Thereportneedstobesubmittedbytheendofthenextweek."SchedulingmeetingsandphonecallsWorkplacemeetingsandphonecallsrequireclearschedulingwithspecificdates,times,anddurations"I'llcallyoutomorrowat10amfora30-minutemeeting."WorkshiftsandrotationsExpressingworkshiftsandrotationsrequiresaccuratetimeexpressionsforclarity"Iworkfrom9amto5pmonMondaysandFridays."TimeexpressionintheworkplaceDeadlinesforassignments01Academicwritingofrequirementssubmittingassignmentsonspecificdates"Thetermpaperisdueonthelastdayofclass."Schedulingexamsandtests02Schedulingexamsandtestsrequirespecifictimeexpressionsforclarity"ThemidtermexamwillbeheldonthethirdTuesdayofthemonth."Timeframesforresearch03Whenconductingacademicresearch,it'sessentialtousetimeexpressionsforplanningandorganizing"Ineedtocompletemyliteraturereviewwithinthenexttwoweeks."Timeexpressioninacademicwriting05CommonErrorsandCorrectionsinTimeExpressionMixedusageoftimeformats:Incorrectlymixing12-hourand24-hourtimeformatscanleadtofusionandmisunderstandingsIncorrectplacementoftimemodifiers:PreliminaryphrasesoradvertisementsthatmodifytimeshouldbeplacedcorrectlyinrelationtothetimeitselfIncorrectuseoftense:UsingthewrongtensewhenreferringtoaspecifictimeinthepastorfuturecanleadtoconsensusOmissionofpunctation:Failuretouseappropriatepunctation,suchascolorsorhypens,whenindicatingtimecanmakethetimeunintellibleCommontypesoferrorsinexpressingtimeFamiliarizeyourselfwithcommontimeformats:Understandingandconsistentlyusingtheappropriatetimeformats,whichare12-houror24-hour,willhelpreduceerrorsPlacemodifierscorrectly:Whenaddingpositionalphrasesoradvertisementsthatmodifytime,makesuretheyareplacedadjacentto