Unit+3+Celebrations+Period+2+Spring+Festival+(Ⅱ) 高一英语北师大版（2019）必修第一册

Unit3Lesson1SpringFestivalGrammar新课导入

LookandsayDon’tputofftilltomorrowwhatshouldbedonetoday.Experiencemustbebought.Aheroisknowninthetimeofmisfortune.Trytotranslatethefollowingwell-knownsayingsintoChinese.And,doyourememberwhattheredfontis?今日事，今日毕。吃一堑，长一智。时势造英雄。Passivevoice课堂学习Lookatthefollowingexamples.Findoutthestructureofpassivevoice,andunderlinemoreexamplesinthetexts.FocusonLanguage:ThePassive1.Thehousewascleanedfromtoptobottom.2.ItisbelievedthatwhenFuisputupsidedown,happinessarrives.3.Trainticketsorflightshavetobebookedasearlyaspossible.4.Thespiritofthefestival—thespiritoffamily—haslargelybeenkept.SpringFestivalis

highlyvaluedbyeveryChinesefamily.Fireworkswerebeingletoffacrossthecity.IamsurroundedbyShanxiaccents.Greatfunisalsoenjoyedinthekitchenasjiaoziarebeingmade....MoreexamplesinthetextsGrammar被动语态被动语态的基本用法：不知道或没有必要指明动作的执行者是谁时用被动语态；需要强调或突出动作的承受者或事件本身时也常用被动语态(by短语有时可以省略)。被动语态与时态结合，形成各种时态下的被动语态。时态现在时过去时将来时过去将来时一般式am/is/aredonewas/weredonewill/shallbedonewould/shouldbedone进行式am/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdone

完成式have/hasbeendonehadbeendonewill/shallhavebeendonewould/shouldhavebeendone1.使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题(1)主动变为被动时双宾语的变化。Myfriendgavemeaninterestingbookonmybirthday.我的朋友在我生日那天给了我一本有趣的书。→Aninterestingbookwas

given

to

me(bymyfriend)onmybirthday.→Iwas

givenaninterestingbook(bymyfriend)onmybirthday.(2)主动变为被动时,宾语成主语;(作补语的)不定式前需加to(位置不变)。Thebossmadehimworkalldaylong.老板让他整天工作。→Hewas

madetoworkalldaylong(bytheboss).老板让他整天工作。(3)短语动词变被动语态时,勿要掉“尾巴”。Thechildrenwere

taken

good

care

of(byher).孩子们被她照顾得很好。Yourpronunciationandspellingshould

be

paid

attention

to.你的发音和拼写应该注意。(4)情态动词,begoingto,beto,besureto,haveto等结构变为被动语态时,只需将它们后面的动词原形变为“be+过去分词”。Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.我们可以在两天内把这块表修好。→Thiswatchcan

be

repairedintwodays.这只表两天就能修好。(5)当句子的谓语为say,believe,expect,think,know,write,consider,report等时,被动语态有两种形式:①谓语动词用被动语态,动词不定式作主语补足语。②用it作形式主语,真正的主语在后面用主语从句来表示。Peoplesayheisasmartboy.人们说他是个聪明的男孩。→Heissaidtobeasmartboy.据说他是个聪明的男孩。→Itis

saidthatheisasmartboy.据说他是个聪明的男孩。【温馨提示】类似句型有:Itissaid/known/suggested/believed/hoped/thoughtthat...2.不能用被动语态的几种情况(1)表示状态的谓语动词,如:last,hold,contain,fit,cost等。(2)表示归属的动词或短语,如have,own,belongto等。(3)表示“希望、意图、喜好”的动词,如:wish,want,hope,like,love,hate等。(4)宾语是反身代词或相互代词时谓语动词用主动语态,不能用被动语态。(5)宾语是同源宾语、动词不定式、动词的-ing形式等,谓语动词不用被动语态。3.主动形式表示被动意义(1)当连系动词feel,look,smell,taste,sound等后面接形容词时;当cut,read,sell,wear,write,wash等作为不及物动词表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”时;当动词表示“开始,结束,关,停,转,启动”等时。Theflowerssmellsweet.花儿散发着芳香。Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.这种布料容易洗。(2)当breakout,takeplace,shutoff,turnoff,workout等动词表示“发生,关闭,制定”等时。Thelampsonthewallturned

off.墙上的灯熄灭了。9Chooseaproperoptionforeachsituation.Explainwhy.1.MyfriendGeorgedrawslandscapepictures.__________A.Hesellsthemformoney.B.Theyaresoldbyhimformoney.2.There’ssomebodybehindus.__________

A.Ithinkwe’rebeingfollowed.B.Ithinksomeoneisfollowingus.3.Thisorangejuicetastesawful.__________A.Ithinksomeonehasleftitoutsidethefridgeforalongtime.B.Ithinkit’sbeenleftoutsidethefridgeforalongtime.4.Tommytakesgoodcareofhiscar.__________A.Hewashesthecareveryweek.B.Thecariswashedbyhimeveryweek.5.Theoldladyrentedanoldhouse.__________A.Somebodybuiltitin1900.B.Itwasbuiltin1900.AABAB10Readthenewsreport.Rewritetheunderlinedsectionsinpassivevoice.(1)TheLanternShowinDatong,ahistoriccityinnorthernChina,isattractingtensofthousandsofvisitorsduringtheSpringFestivalholiday.TheLanternShowexhibitsover60seriesoflanterns,amongwhich12areicelanterns.(2)Peoplemixtraditionallanternswithicelanternstocreateaspecialandhappyatmosphere.TheshowusuallystartsfromthefifthdayoftheSpringFestival.BesidestheLanternShow,peoplecanalsoenjoymanyotheractivities,includingtraditionaloperasandlanternriddleguessinggames.TensofthousandsofvisitorsarebeingattractedbytheLanternShowinDatong,ahistoriccityinnorthernChina,duringtheSpringFestivalholiday.Traditionallanternsandicelanternsaremixedtocreateaspecialandhappyatmosphere.(3)Lastyear,thegovernmentrebuilttheancientwallsinthiscityand(4)thisyear,thegovernmentorganisedtheLanternShowundertheancientwallsforthefirsttime.Thenewlybuiltancientwallshavenowbecomeacallingcardforthecity.Officialssaythatover80,000peoplevisitedtheshowonthefirstday.(5)Theyexpectmorepeopletovisitinthecomingdays.TheLanternShowendson16February.Theancientwallsinthiscitywererebuiltbythegovernmentlastyear.TheLanternShowwasorganisedbythegovernmentundertheancientwallsforthefirsttimethisyear.Morepeopleareexpectedtovisitinthecomingd