Unit+8+Green+Living+Lesson+1+Grammar 高一英语北师大版（2019）必修第三册

Unit8Lesson1RootsandShootsGrammar新课导入(1)Well,sayyouleavethetaprunningwhileyoubrushyourteeth…(2)Doyouwanttobeapartofacommunityforasharedfuture?(3)Onecheered-upperson,onehappydog,onefloweringplant,andyou.(4)ascientistwho’stheworld’sbest-knownexpertonwildchimpanzees...阅读下面句子，体会下列划线单词。Doyouknowthefunctionsoftheverb-ingand-edforms?课堂学习Grammar分词是非谓语动词的一种在句中起形容词和副词的作用可以作表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等分词有两种：现在分词(v.-ing)和过去分词(v.-ed)分词现在分词&过去分词分词语义例句现在分词主动、进行

developingcountry发展中国家

DoyouknowthewomantalkingtoTom?过去分词被动、完成

developedcountry发达国家Thesoldierwoundedinthewarhasbecomeadoctor.分词的句法功能（一）作表语

(predicative)分词例句解读现在分词1.Hisfavoritesportisplayingbasketball.2.Thefilmisexciting.1.指一般性、经常性的动作；2.表示主语所具有的特征或属性，意为“令人……的”。过去分词Hewasexcitedatthenews.常表示主语的性质或状态，意为“感到……的”。分词的句法功能（二）作定语

(attributive)分词例句解读现在分词TheyoungmansittingbetweenJohnandMaryisaneditor.

被修饰词theyoungman与分词sitting为逻辑上的主动关系，sit动作正在进行。过去分词Theproblemdiscussedyesterdayhasbeensolved.被修饰词theproblem与分词discussed为逻辑上的被动关系，discuss动作已经完成。【注意】1.过去分词作定语在意义上有两种可能：表示被动和完成或者只表示完成，如fallenleaves(落叶)。2.分词作定语常常相当于一个定语从句。如：Thosewishingtojointhisclubshouldsignhere.=Thosewhowishtojointheclubshouldsignhere.Theman,disturbedsobadly,almostlosthismemory.

=Theman,

whowasdisturbedsobadly,almostlosthismemory.分词的句法功能（三）作宾语补足语(objectcomplement)分词用法例句解读现在分词常跟分词作宾补的动词有感官动词和使役动词，以及其他如keep,find,leave等。Iheardthem

singingintheclassroom.被修饰词them与分词singing为逻辑上的主动关系。过去分词Iwillgetmyhair

cutthisafternoon.被修饰词myhair与分词cut为逻辑上的被动关系。分词的句法功能（四）作状语

(adverbial)分词例句解读现在分词Seeingfromthetopofthetower,wecanseeabeautifulfactory.分词seeing与主语we为逻辑上的主动关系。过去分词Seenfromthetopofthetower,thefactorylooksbeautiful.分词seen与主语thefactory为逻辑上的被动关系。【注意】分词作状语可以转化成相应的状语从句，如：1.Takingakeyoutofhispocket,heopenedthedoor.=Afterhetookakeyoutofhispocket,heopenedthedoor.2.

Bornintoapoorfamily,hehadonlytwoyearsofschooling.=Ashewasbornintoapoorfamily,hehadonlytwoyearsofschooling.3.Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitbetter.=Ifweweregivenmoretime,wecoulddoitbetter.4.Hearingthebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcrying.=Whentheyheardthebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcrying.Matchthewordsinbold(1-4)withtheirfunctions(a-c).91onefloweringplant2leaveonelittletaprunning3theworld’sbest-knownexpert4Inspiredbyherexample,hebegantoworkharder.aattributivebadverbialcobjectcomplementCompletethetextwiththecorrectformoftheverbsinbrackets.Whatisthefunctionofeachverbform?10LastTuesday,aRoots&Shootsprojectwassetupinmycommunity.AsIwalkeddownNo.1Street,Isawvolunteers1____________(encourage)peopletojoinin.2_________(inspire)bythemessageoftheproject,manypeoplefeltthatweshouldactnow,aswehaveseenan3___________(increase)numberofhighly4__________(pollute)daysthisyear.Whilerecently,manyhavebecomemoreconcernedaboutenvironmentalprotection,therearestillsomewhohaven’t,5________(think)thatsomeoneelsewilldealwiththeproblem.However,ifeverybodyhadthatattitude,wewouldneverseeanyenvironmentalproblems6________(solve)inoursociety.Weshouldremember—it’snotjust“me”!encouragingInspiredincreasingpollutedthinkingsolvedobjectcomplementadverbialattributiveattributiveadverbialobjectcomplementExpressYourselfImagineyouareavolunteerofRoots&Shoots.Usewhatyouhavelearnttopersuadeoneofthefollowingpeople.I’mjustastudent.WhenIbecomeapowerfulpersonIcandomore.I’mdoingwhatIcan,b