2023届北京临川学校高考适应性考试英语试卷含解析

2023高考英语模拟试卷

注意事项：

1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。

2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。

3,请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

4.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

1.TheChinesepeoplearehopefulfor2019willbringfortheirfamiliesandthecountry.

A.howB.which

C.whatD.that

2.LastyearIappliedtoPrincetonUniversity.I___theywouldsayyes—buttheydid,andnowhereIam.

A.neverthinkB.amneverthinking

C・haveneverthoughtD.neverthought

3.—Oh,myGod!Whafswrongwithyou?

—IwasgoingthenormalspeedlimitwhenatruckappearedinfrontofmeandIdidn'thavetimetostop.

A.betweenthelinesB.aroundtheclock

C.outoftheblueD.overthemoon

4.MsAliceisconsideredaladybyus,forsheoftenhelpsthepoorshemetwith.

A.selfishB.hopeful

C.meanD.generous

5.Notevenwhenthroughthedarkestvalleybeafraid,foryouarealwaysclosebesideme.

A.doIwalk;willIB.doIwalk;IwillC.Iwalk;IwillD.Iwalk;willI

6.—Vivien,youlookblue.What'swrong?

一Therearesomanypapers.I'mreallybusyrecently.

A.finishB.tofinish

C.finishingD.flnished

7.Officefurniturelikechairsandsofasshouldbe_attractiveaswellascomfortable.

A.manuallyB.visually

C.physicallyD.securely

8.Someexpertsthink,genes,intelligencealsodependsonanadequatediet,agoodeducationandanicehome

environment.

A.insteadofB.exceptfor

C.apartfromD.farfrom

9.Theteacheroftengiveshisstudentsabriefpauseinclasstheycantakeinwhathehastaught.

A.whyB.whenC.whoD.which

10.WhenIgottohishouse,Ifoundthatthewalls.

A.arebeingpaintedB.arepainting

C.werebeingpaintedD.werepainting

11.naturallybytheskinwhenexposedtosunlight,VitaminDisneededforhealthybones,teethandmuscles.

A.MakingB.Tomake

C.MadeD.Make

12.一Whatdoesthesignoverthereread?

—“Nopersonsmokeorcarryalightedcigarette,cigarorpipeinthisarea.”

A.willB.shall

C.mayD.must

13.—IgotthatjobIwantedatthepubliclibrary.

一!Thafsgoodnews.

A.GoaheadB.CheersC.CongratulationsD.Comeon

14.Thisbookissaidtobeaspecialone,asitmanyeventsnotfoundinotherhistorybooks.

A.writesB.printsC.coversD.reads

15.••-Wewantsomeonetodesignthenewartmuseumforme.

一theyoungfellowhaveatry?

A.ShallB.MayC.WillD.Need

16.thesafetyofgas,thegovernmenthascheckedthecity'sgassupplysystemthoroughly.

A.ToensureB.Ensuring

C.HavingensuredD.Tohaveensured

17.,thedancerspractisehardtomaketheirdreamscometrue.

A.InsteadofbeingdisabledB.Beingdisabled

C.DisabledastheyareD.Incaseofbeingdisabled

18.Notuntilhelefthishometoknowhowimportantthefamilywasforhim.

A.didhebeginB.hadhebegunC.hebeganD.hehadbegun

19.Withnoonethem,thetwothievesstoleintothehouse.

A.watchB.watchingC.watchesD.watched

20.ItwasconsiderateyounottoplaythepianowhileIwasasleep.

A.ofB.forC.toD.from

第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21.（6分）Inthefallof1988,1visitedmanyBuddhisttemples,butafterawhiletheyallbegantofadefrommy

memories.However,therewasonetemplethatleftagreatimpressioninmyheart.

ItiscalledtheTempleoftheGoldenBuddha.Afterwalkingarounditandtakingsomephotos,Iwalkedovertoa

glasscase,nexttowhichwasatypewrittenpagedescribingthehistoryofthismagnificentpieceofart.

Backin1957agroupofmonksfromamonastery（修道院）hadtorelocateaclayBuddhafromtheirtempletoanew

location.Themonasterywastoberelocatedtomakeroomforthedevelopmentofahighway.Whenthecrane（吊

车）begantoliftit,theweightofwassolargethatitbegantocrack.What'smore,rainbegantofall,Theheadmonk

decidedtolowerthestatuebacktothegroundandcoveritwithalargeoilclothtoprotectitfromtherain.

LaterthateveningtheheadmonkwenttocheckontheBuddha.Heshinedhisflash-lightundertheoilclothtosee

iftheBuddhawasstayingdry.Asthelightreachedthecrack,henoticedalittlebeamshiningbackandthoughtit

strange.Ashetookacloserlookatthisbeamoflight,hewonderediftheremightbesomethingunderneaththeclay.He

wenttofetchachiselandhammerfromthemonasteryandbegantochipawayattheclay.Asheknockedoffpiecesof

clay,thelittlebeamgrewbrighterandbigger.Manyhoursoflaborwentbybeforethemonkstoodfacetofacewiththe

extraordinarysolid-goldBuddha.

Historiansbelievethatseveralhundredyearsbeforetheheadmonk'sdiscovery,thearmywasabouttoinvadethe

country.Themonks,realizingthattheircountrywouldsoonbeattacked,coveredtheirpreciousgoldenBuddhawithan

outercoveringofclayinordertokeeptheirtreasurefrombeingrobbedbytheenemy.

Unfortunately,itappearsthattheenemykilledallthemonks,andthewell-keptsecretofthegoldenBuddha

remaineduncovereduntilthedayin1957.

AsIflewhomeIbegantothinktomyself,uWeareallliketheclayBuddhacoveredwithashellofhardnesscreated

outoffear;andyetunderneatheachofusisa'goldenBuddha’,agoldenChrist,ora'goldenspirit,9whichisourrealself.

Somewherealongtheway,betweentheagesoftwoandnine,webegintocoverupour'goldenspirit,9ournaturalself.

Muchlikethemonkwiththehammerandthechisel,ourtasknowistodiscoverourtruespiritonceagain.”

1、WhatmadethemonkscovertheBuddhawithalargeoilcloth?

A.Hidingitfrombeingstolen.

B.Protectingitfromtherain.

C.Protectingitfrombeingdamaged.

D.Avoidingbeingseen.

2、WhywastheauthorgreatlyimpressedbythegoldenBuddha?

A.Becausehelikesitverymuch.

B.Becauseitdiffersfromothers.

C.Becauseofitshistory.

D.Becauseoftheprotectionofthemonk.

3、Whatmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.VisitingBuddhistTemples

B.TheGoldenBuddha

C.ProtectingTheirCountry

D.RelocatingtheBuddha

4^Whatadviceisgiventousaccordingtothepassage?

A.Coveringupourselves.

B.Findingthetruth.

C.Discoveringourtruespirit.

D.Buildingupourbelief.

22.（8分）20yearsago,acoupleofecologists,DanielJanzenandWinnieHallwachs,convincedDelOro,alarge

orangejuiceproducer,todonatepartoftheirforestlandtoanationalparkinexchangefortherighttodump（倾倒）

massiveamountsoforangepeelsona3-hectarepieceoflandwithinthenationalpark,atnocost.Dealingwithtonsof

wastepeelsusuallyinvolvedburningthemorpayingtohavethemdumpedatalandfill,sotheproposalwasvery

attractive.

Ayearafterthecontractwassigned,DelOrodumpedaround12,000tonsofstickyorangewasteintheland.

However,anotherjuicecompanyandrivalofDelOrochallengedthedealincourt,arguingthattheircompetitorwas

''pollutingthenationalpark”.Theyendedupwinning,andthedealbetweenDelOroandthenationalparkfellthrough.

The3-hectarepieceoflandvirtuallycoveredwithfruitwastewascompletelyforgotten.

Then,in2013,TimothyTreuer,ascientistatPrincetonUniversityvisitedthatpieceofland15yearsearlier.What

hefoundshockedhim.uItwascompletelyovergrownwithtreesandvines,”TimothyTreuerrecentlysaid,“the

differencebetweenfertilizedandunfertilizedareaswasvisuallysurprisedusalot!Weneededtocomeupwithsome

reallygoodstandardstoevaluateexactlywhatwashappeningthere.”

Toconfirmthatthefruitwastewasresponsiblefortherevivalofplantlife,Treuerandhisteamspentmonths

pickingupsamples,analyzingandcomparingthem.Theyfound“dramaticdifferencesbehveentheareascoveredin

orangepeelsandthosethatwerenot.Theareafertilizedbyorangewastehadrichersoil,greatertree-speciesrichness

andgreaterforestcoverage.Inasense,it'snotjustawin-winbetweenthecompanyandthelocalpark—it'sawinfor

everyone.”

Theeffecttheorangepeelshadonthelandisprobablynotthatsurprisingtopeoplefamiliarwithcomposting（堆

月巴）,butwhatisshockingisthatajudgeactuallycalledthisparticularexamplepollutingthenationalparkandstopped

itfromgoingforward.NowthatTimothyTreuer9sstudyhasreceivedworldwideattention,thistypeofpollutingisbeing

seriouslyconsideredasawayofbringingtropicalforestsbacktolife.

1、WhywasthedealproposedbytheecologistsattractivetoDelOro?

A.Itwouldmakefarmersproducemoreoranges.

B.Itwouldhelpdealwiththeorangepeelwasteforfree.

C.Itwouldincreasetheproductionoforangejuice.

D.Itwouldsavemuchspacefortheorangejuiceproducer.

2、Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"fellthrough”inthesecondparagraph?

A.becameunbelievableB.failedtohappen

C.madesomethingpossibleD.changedthecourseofanevent

3^WhatdidTreuerfindwhenhevisitedthelandcoveredwithorangewaste?

A.Thepeelwastewashardtobreakdownthere.

B.DelOrocontinueddumpingpeelwastethere.

C.Thepeelwasteenrichedthesoiloftheland.

D.Thewholenationalparkwaspolluted.

4、Whafsthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.Orangepeelwastefounditswaytoreshapethenationalpark.

B.Acoupleofecologistsdevotedthemselvestorestoringtheforest.

C.Acasualattemptledtoaseriesofexpectedmagicresults.

D.Orangepeelwastebroughtaforestbacktolife.

23.（8分）Durian（榴莲）isprobablythesmelliestfruitintheworld,lettingoutanunusualunpleasantsmellwhich

wouldmakeanyonebringup.However;nobodywasawareofwhatgavethisfruititsuniquesmell,soateamof

researchersfromSingaporedecidedtotakealookatitsgenome（基因组）andfindout,

Durianiswell-knownthroughoutSoutheastAsiaasthekingoffruits,mostlybecauseofitsawfulappearanceand

smell.However,theoriginofthisunpleasantsmellwasunknown,soresearchersdecidedtomapthegenomeofthefruit,

andfindthegenethatcontrolledit.Agroupofgenes,volatilesulfurcompounds（含硫化合物），becameveryactiveinthe

fruit,andtheywerefoundresponsibleforresultingintheunpleasantsmell.

Thefruitconfuseseveryonewithasulfuricsmell,likerottenonionsandingredients.Thesmelllastslong,mostly

becausethefruitcontainsmorevolatilesulfurcompounds.Otherspeciesusuallybenefitfromtwogenecopiesatmost,

butdurianhasfour;leadingtothestrikingsmell.

However,thissmellmightbeanadvantagefordurianinthewild.Althoughwefinditunpleasant,manyanimals

mightbeattractedbyit.Iftheyeatthefruit,thentheycaneasilyspreaditsseedseverywhere,thuscontributingtothe

distributionofthespecies.

Themappingoftheduriangenomealsoshowedsomeotherinformationonthespecies.Firstofall,thefruithasan

impressivenumberofgenes,namely46,000.Also,withthehelpofthesegenes,theysawhowitevolved,anddiscoveredit

wasrelatedtothecacaotree.AlltheotherdiscoverieshavebeenpublishedinthejournalNatureGenetics.

Despitethestrikingsmell,manypeopleactuallyenjoyeatingthefruit.However,notalldurianspeciesareedible,

andsomeofthemmayevencausedamagetoourhealth,Evenso,thefruitisoftenimported,significantlycontributing

totheeconomy.

1、Whatgivedurianitsuniquesmell?

A.Onionsnearby.

B.Twogenecopies.

C.Rotteningredientsinit.

D.Volatilesulfurcompounds.

2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"evolved"inParagraph5probablymean?

A.Developed.

B.Escaped.

C.Predicted.

D.Tolerated.

3、Whatcanweinferfromthetext?

A.Nobirdsenjoyeatingdurian.

B.Duriancanbeplantedallovertheworld.

C.Someofdurianspeciescannotbeeaten.

D.Durianhasnorelationshipwiththecacaotree.

4、What'sthebesttitleforthetext?

A.What'sDurian?

B.TheInfluenceoftheSmell

C.TheDistributionofDurian

D.TheMysteryoftheUnpleasantSmellofDurian

24.（8分）BestScienceBooksof2017

Atitsheart,scienceisaboutcuriosity.Soitstandstoreasonthesebooksaboutscienceshouldmakeyouexamine

yourworldmoreclosely,andindoingso,giveyouasenseofwonder

BigChicken,byMarynMcKenna

InvestigativejournalistMarynMcKennausesthemodernindustrialchickenasawindowintohowantibiotics（抗生

素）transformedmodernagriculture-forgoodandill.Shetraceshowanimalantibioticsendangerhuman

health,causingseriousproblemsfromantibioticresistantstomachinfectionstoUTIs.RecognizingthatAmericansare

goingtocontinuetoeatchickennomatterwhat,McKennasuggestsawayinwhichfactoryfarmingridsitselfofits

dependenceonantibiotics.

WhyTimeFlies,byAlanBurdick

NewYorkerstaffwriterAlanBurdickexaminesthegreatestgifthumanityhaseverknown:time.Time,hewrites,

appearstoexistintwodistinctforms.Oneisthestandardized,objectivekindfoundinclocksandwatches;the

otherisourinternal,biologicalsenseoftime,theonewemeasureinourcells,bodiesandminds.Butthecloserhelooks,

thelessclearerthisdistinctionappears.

Paleoart,byZoeLescaze

Dinosaurshavelongcapturedtheimaginationsofscientistsandartistsalike,andPaleoartbringsthosevisions

togetherinablendofhumanknowledgeandcreativity.

Theseimagesnotonlyshowourchangingunderstandingofdinosaurs,butalsoreflectthedistinctartistic

sensibilitiesoftheirtime.Bothartisticandeducational,thesepicturesarecertainlyinfluential.

WhatIt'sLiketoBeaDog,byGregoryBerns

Berns,aneuroscientists,traineddogstositinamachineinordertolookintothebrainsofconsciousdogsforthe

firsttime.Thatpioneeringworkinspiredhimtodigdeeperintothemindsofotheranimals,fromsealionstotheextinct

thylacine（袋狼）.Bernssays,"Withtheirabilitytothink,chooseandfeel,dogsandotheranimalsdonotdeservethe

crueltreatmenthumanssooftendotothem.”

1、Whichbookhassomethingtodowithpublichealth?

A.BigChicken,B.WhyTimeFlies.

C.Paleoart.D.WhatIt'sLiketoBeaDog.

2、Whowritesabouttime?

A.MarynMckenna.B.AlanBurdick.

C.ZoeLescaze.D.GregoryBerns.

3、WhatwasBerns'pioneeringwork?

A.Trainingdogs.B.Studyingextinctanimals.

C.Observingdogbrains.D.Fightingforanimalrights.

25.（10分）Innoparticularorder;herearesomesongsontheMusicappofmyphone:

OnaSundayAfternoonbyLighterShadeofBrown—AstudentofmineintroducedthisrapsongIomealltheway

backintheearly1990s,when1wasteachingSpanishatalocaluniversity.Thestoryinthesongtakesplacenottoofar

fromwhereIliveinLosAngeles.It'sagood"driving”song,nothingcomplicatedor“deep”.

SaySomethingbyAGreatBigWorld—Amorerecentsongaboutacouplelosingcontactwitheachother.Thepiano

partisverylittleplayingbutbeautiful.

AmericanPiebyDonMcLean—Anothersongfrommyyouthinthe80s,verypopularwithalmosteveryAmerican

ofmygeneration.Itretellssomeofthekeyeventsofthemiddle20thcentury,asongofhappymemoriesofthepastand

wantingtoreturntothosebettertimes.

TheWeightbyTheBand—Anotheroldsong,originallymadepublicin193,butoneIdidn'thearuntilIwasinhigh

schoolmorethan10yearslater.Idon'tunderstandthewordstothesongcompletely,butthefeelingofthesongisvery

comfortingtome.

UndertheBridgebyRedHotChiliPeppers—ThisLosAngelesgroupwroteasongthat1usedtolistentowhenI

firstmovedtoLAmorethan25yearsago.Ididn'tknowanyoneherewhenIfirstarrived.WhenIgotbored,Iusedto

driveupanddownthemajorstreetsthatcrossthecityfromeasttowest,listeningtothissongaboutthe"cityofangel”

beingas“lonelyasIam.（Dontworry!Ihaveplentyoffriendsnow.）

1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"deep"probablymean?

A.withskillB.withcomfort

C.withanormalmeaningD.withasignificantmeaning

2、WhendidtheauthorprobablyheartheWeightbyTheBand?

A.In193.B.In1970.

C.inthe1980s.D.inthe1990s.

3、WhentheauthorfirstmovedtoLA,thefirstsongheheardwas.

A.SaySomethingB.AmericanPie

C.TheWeightD.UndertheBridge

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、

C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.

26.（30分）Maywasbornwithacleftpalate（腭裂）.Whenshewasalittlegirl,shehadto36thejikesfromnaughty

chidrenwhoteasedherabouthermisshapedlip.Withalltheteasing,Marygrewup37thefactthatshe

46,

wasdiffrernf.Shewas38thatnoone,outsideherfamily9couldeverloveheruntilshe39Mrs.Leonard'sclass.

InMrs.Leonards'schoolatthattime,itwas40forteacherstogivetheirchildrenanannual41test.

However,inMary*scase,42hercleftpalate,shewashardlyabletohearoutofoneear.43nottolettheother

childrenhaveanother"44"topointout,shewould45whenherbadearwastestedeachyear.The"hearing

test^was46byhavingachildwalktotheclassroomdoor,turnsideways,47oneearwithafingre,andthen48

whattheteacherwhispered.WhenMaryhadtoturnherbadeartowardsherteachershewould49tocoverher

goodear.Sheknewthatteachers50oftensaythingslike,“Theskyisblue,"or"Whatcolorareyourshoes?,9Butnot

onthatday.Surely,God51sevenwordsin

Mrs.Leonard'smouththat52Mary'slifeforever.Whenthetestcame,Maryheard:"Iwishyouweremylittle

girl."Youcanimaginehowdeeplythesewords53Mary.

Yes,affirming(肯定)wordsare54tosaytothepeoplearoundyou.Whilewordsfrom

agodlyteachercansoftenaheart,wordsformyoucanpowerfullysetthe55ofanother

One'slife.

1、A.playB.makeC.bearD.tell

2、A.hatingB.changingC.forgetingD.accepting

3、A.expectedB.requestedC.convincedD.informed

4、A.leftB.enteredC.admittedD.taught

5、A.unusualB.commonC.admittdeD.strange

6^A.speakingB.readingC.terribleD.hearing

7、A.insteadofB.inadditiontoC.writingD.inspiteof

8、A.determinedB.SupposedC.DelightedD.Satisfied

9、A.belidfB.mistakeC.proofD.difference

10^A.cheatB.escapeC.sufferD.negotiate

11、A.givenB.cancelledC.takenD.passed

12、A.pullB.closeC.touchD.point

13、A.realizeB・reciteC.repeatD.create

14、A.pretendB.refuseC.manageD.decide

15、A.mustB.willC.wouldD.shall

16、A.wastedB.putC.takeD.write

17、A.wastedB.costC.changedD.harmed

18、.A.hurtB.movedC.upsetD.scared

19、A.seldomB.reasonableC.easyD.never

20、A.purposeB.routineC.resultD.course

第二节(每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

27.(15分)语法填空

Onemorning,Iwaswaitingatthebusstop,worriedaboutL_(be)lateforschool.Thereweremanypeoplewaiting

atthebusstop,2^_someofthemlookedveryanxiousand(disappoint).Whenthebusfinallycame,weallhurriedon

board.Igotaplacenext4^thewindow,soIhadagoodviewofthesidewalk.Aboyonabike5^_(catch)myattention.

Hewasridingbesidethebusandwavinghisarms.Iheardapassengerbehindmeshoutingtothedriver;butherefused

6,（stop）untilwereachedthenextstop.Still,theboykept7^_（ride）.Hewascarryingsomethingoverhisshoulderand

shouting.Finally,whenwecametothenextstop,theboyranuptothedoorofthebus.Iheardanexcitedconversation.

Thenthedriverstoodupandasked,“Didanyoneloseasuitcaseatthelaststop?”Awomanonthebusshouted,uOh,

dear!It's8.（I）."Shepushedherwaytothedriverandtookthesuitcasethankfully,Everyoneonthebusbegantalking

about9,theboyhaddone,andthecrowdofstrangers10・（sudden）becamefriendlytooneanother.

第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）

28.（10分）下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八），并在该漏字符号下写上该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该横线下写上修改后的词。

注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

LastSaturday,momandIwenttobuyadownjacketformygrandpa>Whenvvegottoabigstore,wesawdownjackets

ofvarycoloursandstyles、Thereweresomanyofthemthatitspentusquiteawhiletodecidewhichonetobuy>

Finally,underthehelpoftheshopassistant,heselectedablackthickjacketforgrandpa>Immediately,wereturned

backhometoshowittomygrandpa、Seeingit,hewasveryhappyandcouldn'twaittoputon、Butwewere

annoyingtofindsomethingwaswrongwiththezipper、Hurriedly,Itookitbacktothestoreandexplainedthes