2022年广东省普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语模拟试题（解析版）

广东省2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语模拟试题

一、阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(共

15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读理解

SEASummerHighSchoolPrograms,2022

ScienceatSEA525APP

ScienceatSEAisafour-weekprogramforrisinghigh-schooljuniorsandseniors,aswellasrecenthigh

schoolgraduates,whichfocusesonthecoastalandoffshoremarineenvironmentaroundCapeCod,

MassachusettsTheprogramincludesashorecomponentontheSEAcampusinWoodsHoleandasea

componentaboardthesailingSchoolVessel(SSV)CorwithCramer.

July21—August13Expense:$4000

SEAQuest

SEAQuestisatwo-weekprogramthatwelcomeshighschoolstudentsandrecentgraduates.Participants

willgainhands-onexperienceconductingfieldresearch,sailingatallship,andunderstandingofthe

complexitiesofcreatingandmanagingmarinereserves.Theyreturnhomewithabroadersenseoftheocean's

importancetoourplanetandtheneedtopreservethispreciousresourceforfuturegenerations.Lifehereis

fast-paced.Nopriorsailingexperienceisnecessary.Strongdesiretolearnisrequired!

July11-July22Expense:$3,200

SEACape

Thisthree-weeksummerprogramatSEAofferscurrenthighschoolstudentstheopportunitytostudythe

marineenvironmentfromavarietyofperspectives:scientific,historical,andliterary.Participantsliveand

studyatourcampusinWoodsHole,Massachusetts.

June27-July14Expense:$3,800

SEAExpeditionD

Thistwo-weeksummerprogramforhighschoolstudents,includinggraduatingseniors,iscenteredon

learningbydoing.SEAExpeditionisamultidisciplinaryexperiencethatwelcomesstudentstoparticipatein

everyaspectofachallengingoffshoresailingandseaisfast-pacedandtough.

July5-July17

1.Whichprogramlastthelongest?

A.ScienceatSEAB.SEAQuest

C.SEACapeD.SEAExpedition

2.WhatisnecessaryforparticipantsinSEAQuest?

A.Previousexperienceinsailing

B・Greateagernesstostudythesea.

C.Abilitytoconductscientificexperiments.

D.Knowledgeofsearesourcespreservation.

3.WhatisspecialaboutSEAExpedition?

A.Itoffersopportunitiesofsailing.

B.Itentirelytakesplaceonaship.

C.Itfeaturesmanyrelaxingactivities.

D.Itallowsgraduatestoparticipatein.

阅读理解

Desperatetohelphis96-year-oldmothertospeakhermothertongueagain,KeithMcDermottmadean

appealonsocialmediaandwasmetwithafloodofkindresponses.Theoldlady,Ray,wasmovedtotears

aftertalkingonthephonewithoneoftheenthusiasticrespondentsinWelsh.

RaymovedtoAmericaaftermeetingherhusbandwhenshewasonly18,hencewavinggoodbyetoher

lifeinWales.ShecontinuedtospeakWelshwithhermum-keepingalittlebitofhome.Butshelosther

belovedmumfourdecadesagoandhadn'tspokenWelshsince.

Despitesufferingfromshort-termmemorylossandsometimesnotrememberingwhatshehasdone

recently,Ray'schildhoodmemoriesinWalesremaincrystalclear."ShewantstoreturnbutIknow,givenher

age,suchlong-distancetravelisoutofthequestion.**saidKeith,°Onceshementioned'IwishIcouldspeak

Welshagainbut1supposeIneverwill*ItwasthenthatIthoughtIshouldmakeher-wishhappen.'1

SoKeith,70,postedonsocialmediaintheNewYorkWelshareaaskingforanyWelshspeakersthat

couldspeakWelshwithhismum.Andhewastouched,as-wellas-alittleshocked,toreceiveover30

responseswithinhalfanhour.KeiththankedeveryoneandeventuallyaskedMelisatogivehismumaphone

call.SpeakingwithMelisa,her(Ray's)Welshwasalittlerusty.AfewmoreWelshconversationsandIthink

she'dbefluentagain,*'addedKeith.

"Whenyouhaveaparentintheirnineties,you-willfindyoutwohavesomethingincommon:you're

bothold,SoIamverysympathetictomymother?feelingsoflonelinessandisolation(孤立).I'mfeelingit

myself."KeithhopestosetupmoreWelshphoneconversationsforhis-mumandMelisahaspromisedto

sendRaysomeshortstoriesinWelshtoremindherofherlifeinWales.

4.WhydidKeithpostamessageonsocialmedia?

A.TogatherAmericanWelshspeakers.

B.TohelphismumspeakWelshagain.

C.Toslowdownhismum'smemoryloss.

D.Totrackdownhisfamily'sWelshorigin.

5.HowdidKeithfeelafterseeingtheresponses?

A.Surprisedandmoved.B.Concernedandthankful.

C.Sympatheticandexcited.D.Astonishedandisolated.

6.Whatisconveyedinthestory?

A.Socialmediacontributetocloserfamilyties.

B.Mothertonguemeansmorethanalanguage.

C.Childrenexperiencesshapeone'slaterlife.

D.Onewillbemoresensitivewhengettingolder.

7.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?

A,Acommunitynoticeboard.B.Ahealthmagazine.

C.Alanguage-learningwebsite.D.Alocalnewspaper.

阅读理解

Throughouthistory,manyspeciesofanimalshavebeenthreatenedwithextinctionWhenEuropeansfirst

arrivedinNorthAmerica,morethan60millionbuffalo（水牛）livedonthecontinent.Yethuntingthebuffalo

wassopopularduringthe19thcenturythatby1900theanimal'spopulationhadfallentoabout400before

thegovernmentsteppedintoprotectthespecies.Insomecountriestoday,theelephantfacesasimilar

challenge,asillegalhunterskilltheanimalsfortheivoryintheirtusks.

Yetnotallanimalswithcommercialvaluefacethisthreat（威胁）.Thecow,forexample,isavaluable

sourceoffood,butnooneworriesthatthecowwillsoonbeextinct.Whydoesthecommercialvalueofivory

threatentheelephant,whilethecommercialvalueofbeefprotectsthecow?

Thereasonisthatelephantsareacommonresource.WhilecowsareprivategoodsElephantswander

freelywithoutanyowners.Thehunterhasastrongmotivationtokillasmanyelephantsashecanfind.

Becauseillegalhuntersarenumerous,eachhasonlyaslightmotivationtopreservetheelephantpopulation.

Bycontrast,cattleliveonfarmsthatareprivatelyowned.Eachfarmermakesgreatefforttomaintainthe

cattlepopulationonhisfarmbecauseheharveststhebenefitoftheseefforts

Governmentshavetriedtosolvetheelephantsproblemintwoways.Somecountries,suchasKenyaand

Uganda,havemadeitillegaltokillelephantsandselltheirivory.Yettheselawshavebeenhardtoputinto

effect,andelephantpopulationshavecontinuedtodwindle.Bycontrast,othercountries,suchasMalawiand

Namibia,havemadeelephantsprivategoodsandallowedpeopletokillelephants,butonlythoseontheir

ownproperty.

Withprivateownershipandtheprofitmotivenowonitsside,theAfricanelephantmightsomedaybeas

safefromextinctionasthecow.TheancientGreekphilosopherAristotlepointedouttheproblemwith

commonresources:"Whatiscommontomanyistakenleastcareof,forallmenhavegreaterregardforwhat

istheirownthanforwhattheypossessincommonwithothers."

8.Whydoestheauthormentionbuffaloinparagraph1?

A.Tointroduceasimilarthreattoelephants.

B.Toprovideanexampleofspeciesextinction.

C.Toofferanexplanationforgovernmentpolicies.

D.TopresentthestatisticsofthebuffaloinAmerica.

9.Whydoelephantsfacethreatswhilecowsaresafe?

A.Theyareunderdifferentlawprotection

B.Theyattractdifferentgroupsofhunters

C.Theycontaindifferentcommercialvalue

D.Theyrepresentdifferentownershiptypes

10.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?

A.Bansonkillingelephantsfbrivory

B・Effectivelawsfbrelephantprotection.

C.Methodsofmakingelephantsprivategoods

D.Governmentpoliciesontheelephantsproblem

11.WhatcanwelearnfromAristotle'swords?

A.Peopleholdlittleregardforothers*property

B.Peoplewanttoprofitfromcommonresources

C.Peoplecaremoreabouttheirownpossession

D.Peopletendtotakewhattheyownforgranted

阅读理解

Ifsomeonecreatedaflyingmachinecapableoftrackingyoudownbylisteningforyourvoice,you

mightbeterrified.Butwhatifyouweretrappedinruinsafteranaturaldisasterandfirstresponderscouldn't

locateyou?Maybethenahuman-seekingdrone（无人机）wouldn'tbesuchaterribleidea.Thatconceptisthe

focusforengineersatGermanysFraunhoferFKIEInstitute,who'vebuiltadronetofindpeopleby

detecting（探测）humanscreams.

"Thehuman-seekingdronewouldbeidealforpost-disastersituations,suchasearthquakes,hurricanes

andwildfires/1saidMacarenaVarela,oneoftheleadengineers"Theycouldhoveroveranareathatrescue

crewshavedifficultygettingtoandlocateexactlywherepeoplemaybetrapped."

Locatingpeoplebysoundpresentsitsshareofchallenges.Anauditory（听觉的）systemwouldneedto

distinguishhumancriesfromsoundsthatoftenhappeninnaturesuchasanimalcallsandwind.Itmightalso

needtorecognizepatternsassociatedwithkicking,clappingorotherwayspeopletrytogettheattentionof

rescueteams.

Engineerstookthosesituationsintoaccountwhenbuildingouttheirconceptdrone.Theyrecorded

themselvesscreaming,tappingandcreatingothernoisesthatmightbeasignofpeopleintrouble.Then,they

analyzedeachsoundfrequencytofindcommonsignaturesandusedthosetotrainartificialintelligence

software.Theyalsoworkedtoremovethenoisecreatedbythedroneandotherenvironmentalsounds.

Oncethesoftwarepartwascomplete,theteamplacedtinydigitalmicrophonesunderthedroneandused

signalprocessingtechniquesthatenabledthemtotrackwherehumannoisesarecomingfrom.The

microphonesalsoenhancedthevolumeandclarityofthespeech.Sofar,theyhaveconductedsuccessful

openfieldexperiments,findingthatthedronecanestimateavictim'slocationwithinafewsecondsof

pickingupsound.

Next,theywouldliketoaddahigherfrequencymicrophonetoadronetoacquiremoreaudiosound

signals.Theideaistopickupnoisesfromhundredsofmetersaway.Varelasaid.Intherealworld,victim's

locationdatamightonedaybesentwirelesslytoemergencycrewscarryingatablet.

12.Whatistheadvantageofthehuman-seekingdrone?

A.Itshighspeedofflying.B.Itslongworkinghours.

C.Itsquickresponsetoscreams.D.Itseasyaccesstodisasterscene.

13.Whatcantheauditorysystemdo?

A.Recognizehumancries.

B.Pickupsoundsfromfaraway.

C.Sendvictim'slocationdatatoatablet.

D.Improvethequalityofhumanscreams.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"signatures”inparagraph4referto?

A.Effects.B.Symbols.C.FeaturesD.Situations.

15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.AIEnablesDronestoGiveBetterPerformance

B.Human-seekingDronesReplaceRescueCrews

C.EngineersTeachDronestoHuntHumanScreams

D.RescuersUseDronestoLocateDisasterSurvivors

二、任务型阅读（共5小题;每小题25分,满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Technologyisheretostay.16..However,theyareoftenunsureonhowtohelpchildren

usetechnologyresponsiblyandkeepabalancebetweenonlineandofflinetime.Herearesometips.

Haveadevicecontract

Havingadeviceusagecontractallowsparentsandchildrentoworkthroughwhatresponsible

technologyusagelookslikeinyourfamilyandensurethateveryoneisaware.17..Kidsare

morelikelytomakesenseofthereasonsyouhaveforrestriction.

18.

Althoughthistipseemslikecommonsense,itisoftendifficultduetothedemandofworkandthe

expectationofbeingconstantlyconnected.Byensuringyoubuildofflinetimeintoyourowndayand

communicatethatwithyourchildren,theywillseethevalueandbenefits.Whetheryouarereadingabookor

justtakingawalk,lettingyourchildrenbeawareofyourofflineactionswillencouragethemtodothesame!

Encouragenon-techactivities

Onegreatwaytokeepkidsofftheirscreensistoensurethattheyhaveotheractivitiestofilltheirtime.

19..Theseactivitiesarealsogreatwaystohelpchildrentodeveloptheirsocialskillsand

confidence.

Tech-freefamilytime

Onceaweek,pencil-ina"tech-freefamilytime”inyourschedule.Itcanbeamealortrip.Tohelp

increasethesuccessofoutings,trydesigningspecialactivities,i.e.,goingtothebeachtobuildasandcastle

thatlooksthesameasaphotoyouhavefoundonline.20.

A.Modelgoodtechnologyuse

B.Communicatewithchildren

C.Alittleextraplanninggoesalongway

D.Thecontractishelpfultothesettlementofconflicts

E.Parentsareseeingmoretechnologyintheirhomesandjobs

F.Also,draftingthecontracttogetherpromotesunderstanding

G.Thiscancomeinavarietyofforms:soccer,fencingandmore

三、完形填空（共15小题:每小题1分、满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Inthesportoftrackandfield,athletescompetenotonlywithoneanotherbutagainstthemselvesto

achieveanewpersonalbest.Aimingto21.hisownrecord,Cervenypushedhimselfhard.However,

hislegscramped（抽筋）and22.himwithonly200meterstogo.Determinedto23.,

Cervenyrosefromthegroundandcontinuedon,onlytofallagainafteranother50meters.

24.,hiscoachaskedCervenyifhewantedtostop.Hedidn't.Withgreat25.Cerveny

pulledhimselfupandwitha（n）26.pace,movedforwardforonefinalpush.27.,itwasn't

enough.100metersfromthefinishline,hislegssimply28..

Beforehiscoachcould29.him,anotherrunner-Brandon-wasathissidetohelp.Hisfirst

attempttogetCervenyupfailed,buthe30.toquittoo.Withasecondpull,Cervenywas___

31・.Atameasuredjog,thetwocompletedthefinal100metersofthecourse,withCervenyholding

Brandonfor32.BrandonevenmadesureCervenycrossedthefinishlinefirst,securinghis___

33.afastertime

Intoday's34.worldinwhichtheemphasisinathleticsissooftenputonbreakingrecords,it

was35,toseethatforanathletelikeBrandon,thevalueoftruesportsmanshipstillhadlegs.

21.A.playB.beatC.checkD.measure

22.A.failedB.warnedC.draggedD.raised

23.A.restB.winC.leaveD.finish

24.A.RelievedB.ExhaustedC.ConcernedD.Disappointed

25.A.luckB.effortC.passionD.respect

26.A.rapidB.relaxedC.unsteadyD.impatient

27.A.NormallyB.EventuallyC.UnbelievablyD.Unfortunately

28.A.gaveoutB,brokeupC.felldownD.sloweddown

29.A.guideB.reachC.serveD.blame

30.A.refusedB.hesitatedC.regrettedD.pretended

31.A.inhishandB,outofbreathC.onhisfeetD.outofdanger

32.A.directionB•supportC.courageD.comfort

33.A.assistantB.teammateC.followerD.opponent

34.A.diverseB.well-developedC.competitiveD.ever-changing

35.A.urgentB.commonC.confusingD.inspiring

四、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Whenwasthelasttimeyouvisitedamuseuminwhichalmosteverycollectioncouldbetouched?

AmericanlawyerMitchDudekbuiltaprivatemuseum36.visitorscanhavedirectcontactwith

alltheexhibitsondisplayintheancientcityofSuzhou

Themuseum37.(name)SixArtsbecauseitisaboutthesixsensesandstimulatingall

ofyoursenses.Youcantouchthings.Youcansmellthings.Ifsdifferentfromothermuseums.Foundedin

2018,thefour-storeymuseumnow38.(house)morethan40,000Chineseantiquesdatingbackto

theMingandQingdynasties(l368-1911),withanother60,000items39.(store)in

warehouses(仓库).

Havingneverseenorusedsuchitemsinhisowncountry,Dudekisfilled40.strong

admirationofthedelicatedesignsandcomplicatedcarvingsoftheseolditems."Ithinktheyarejustbeautiful,

andIshouldcollectthem,"saidDudek,41.(add)thattheseitemsmaybeignoredonce

42.(random)packedinthewarehouses,buttheycouldshineagainthroughrestoration.

"AsmoreandmoreChineseunderstandandoffermesomeoftheirold_

43.(belong),collectionsinthemuseumhavebecomemorevariedandabundant.NowIplan

toinvitescholarsandcraftsmentodiscovermore44.(culture)andhistoricalstoriesbehind

them,"hesaid.

"Thecollectionsnotonlyhelprevisitoldtimesbutalsopresent45.senseofbeauty,"said

XuYun,avisitorfromShanghai.

五、写作(共两节满分40分)

46.假定你是李华，正在准备明天英语课堂的“一分钟汇报”。你打算讲述你们小组上周获得学校表彰

的研究项目"InterviewingOlderGenerationsaboutTheirLifestyles",内容包括：

1)项目的目的；

2)项目成功的经验；

3)你的祝愿。

注意：

1)写作词数应为80左右；

2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dearfellowclassmates

Thankyou!

47.阅读下面材料•，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

OnaSundayafternoon,KianaFrenchwashavingfunfishingwithherfatherandyoungersister,not

knowingthenextminute,theywouldstrugglenottosinkinthefreezingwater.Their12-footboatwastaking

inwaterlittlebylittle,andthewindwaspickingup.Herfather,GaryFrench,hurriedtooperatetheengine,

whileKiana,16,wasinthemiddlewithCierrah,hersister,frightenedbutstillabletokeepcalm.

KianaaskedCierrahtotakeoffoneofhercowboyboots,withwhichshegotsomeofthewaterout.

Hardasshetried,thatlittleeffortwouldnothelpstoptheboatsinking.Momentslater,theunthinkable

happened.Theboatwasfullofwaterandthenitflippedover.Kianaandhersisterweredumpedinthewater.

Theirfather,whohadhadasurgerysixmonthsago,managednottobethrownintothewaterbutseemedto

havegreatpaininthechestduetothesuddenchange.

KianaquicklyputonherlifejacketandsawCierrahfsandherfather'slifejacketsfloatingaway.She

reactedquicklytogetthembackandheldhersisterontotheboat.Theyweresofaroutinthemiddleofthe

lakethattheycouldnotseetheshoreclearly.What'sworse.itwasgettinghardertostayabovethewaves.

Theirfatherswamoverandhuggedhistwogirls.Cierrahcryingsilently.Kianaheardherbelovedsister

murmur,nIcan'tfeelmyfeet.'*

Kianaknewtheonlythingtodowastogettoshoreherselfandfindhelp.Shelookedupatherfather,

exchangingaconcernedglance,turnedroundandswamashardasshecouldtowardstheshore

Fightingagainstthestrongcurrentsandcoldwind,shescreamedforhelpatthetopofherlungsevery

threeminutesorso.Astrongwindblew,andshelookedbackonlytoseehersister'sandfather'sheads

bobbing（浮动）inthewater.Sheburstintotears,thinkinghersisteranddadweredead,becauseshewas

takingtoolong-

注意：

1）续写词数应为150左右；

2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Withdesperatetears,shesuddenlyspottedaboatwithafigurewalkingonit

Oncerescued,theywererushedtoshore,whereaconcernedgroupwaitedfortheirarrival.

答案解析部分

【答案】1.A

2.B

3.B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个2022年SEA夏季高中项目。

【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再

分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。

1.考查细节理解。根据ScienceatSEA525APP部分中的“July21—August13”7月21日至8月13

日）“；SEAQuest部分中的“July11—July22”7月11日至7月22日；SEACape部分中的“June27—July

14”6月27日至7月14日；以及SEAExpeditionD部分中的“July5—Julyl7''7月5日至7月17日。

可知，ScienceatSEA持续时间最长。故选A。

2.考查细节理解。根据SEAQuest部分中的“Strongdesiretolearnisrequired!”需要有强烈的学习欲望。

可知，参加SEA任务需要非常渴望研究海洋。故选B。

3.考查细节理解。根据SEAExpeditionD部分中的“SEAExpeditionisamultidisciplinaryexperience

thatwelcomesstudentstoparticipateineveryaspectofachallengingoffshoresailingandseaisfast-paced

andtough.USEAExpedition是一项多学科的体验，欢迎学生参与具有挑战性的海上航行的各个方面，

而海上的节奏快而艰难。可知，SEAExpedition的特别之处是它完全发生在船上的。故选B。

【答案】4.B

5.A

6.B

7.D

【解析】【分析】本文是一则新闻报道，报道了KeithMcDermott急切地想帮助96岁的母亲再次说母

语，于是他在社交媒体上发出了呼吁，并得到了大量善意的回应。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，通读全文，理解文章

大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，

完成后再次阅读并检查。

4.考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Desperatetohelphis96-year-oldmothertospeakhermothertongue

again,KeithMcDermottmadeanappealonsocialmediaandwasmetwithafloodofkindresponses."Keith

McDermott急切地想帮助96岁的母亲再次说母语，于是他在社交媒体上发出了呼吁，并得到了大量

善意的回应。可知Keith在社交媒体上发信息是想帮他妈妈再次说威尔士语。故选B。

5.考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"SoKeith,70,postedonsocialmediaintheNewYorkWelsharea

askingforanyWelshspeakersthatcouldspeakWelshwithhismum.Andhewastouched,aswellasalittle

shocked,toreceiveover30responseswithinhalfanhour.”因此，70岁的Keith在纽约威尔士地区的社

交媒体上发帖，寻找能和他母亲说威尔士语的人。他被感动了，也有点震惊，在半小时内收到了30

多份回复。可知Keith看到这些回应后，感觉吃惊又感动。故选A。

6.考查推理判断。根据最后——段“'Whenyouhaveaparentintheirnineties,youwillfindyoutwohave

somethingincommon：you'rebothold,soIamverysympathetictomymother'sfeelingsoflonelinessand

isolation（孤立）.I'mfeelingitmyself.'KeithhopestosetupmoreWelshphoneconversationsforhismum

andMelisahaspromisedtosendRaysomeshortstoriesinWelshtoremindherofherlifeinWales.当你

的父母都90多岁时，你会发现你们有一些共同之处：你们都老了，所以我非常同情我母亲的孤独和

孤立的感觉。我自己也感觉到了。“Keith希望能为他的母亲接通更多的威尔士语电话，Melisa答应

给Ray寄一些威尔士语短篇小说，让她回忆起在威尔士的生活。结合整篇文章内容，可知这篇文章主

要讲了KeithMcDermott急切地想帮助96岁的母亲再次说母语，于是他在社交媒体上发出了呼吁，并

得到了大量善意的回应。由此传达了这样一个理念：母语不仅仅意味着一种语言，它是内心深处的一

种细腻温暖的情感的体现。故选B。

7.考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Desperatetohelphis96-year-oldmothertospeakhermothertongue

again,KeithMcDermottmadeanappealonsocialmediaandwasmetwithafloodofkindresponses."Keith

McDermott急切地想帮助96岁的母亲再次说母语，于是他在社交媒体上发出了呼吁，并得到了大量

善意的回应。结合整篇文章内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了KeithMcDermott急切地想帮助96岁的母亲

再次说母语，于是他在社交媒体上发出了呼吁，并得到了大量善意的回应。这是一则新闻报道，最可

能出现在当地的一家报纸上。故选D。

【答案】8.A

9.D

10.D

11.C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，通过谈论作为公共资源的大象濒临灭绝，而作为私有财产的饲养

牛却能安全生存，说明了人们对私有财产比公共资源更加关心的现象。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要

求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从

而选出正确答案。

8.考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Yethuntingthebuffalowassopopularduringthe19thcenturythatby

1900theanimal'spopulationhadfallentoabout400beforethegovernmentsteppedintoprotectthespecies.

Insomecountriestoday,theelephantfacesasimilarchallenge,asillegalhunterskilltheanimalsforthe

ivoryintheirtusks.”然而，狩猎水牛在19世纪是如此流行，以至于到了1900年，野牛的数量已经下降

到大约400只，直到政府介入保护这个物种。今天在一些国家，大象也面临着类似的挑战，因为非法

捕猎者为了获取象牙而捕杀这种动物。可知，作者之所以提到水牛，是为了介绍大象所面临的类似威

胁。故选A。

9.考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Thereasonisthatelephantsareacommonresource,whilecowsare

privategoods.“原因是大象是一种公共资源，而牛是私人物品；“Elephantswanderfreelywithoutany

owners.Thehunterhasastrongmotivationtokillasmanyelephantsashecan6nd.”大象在没有主人的‘情

况下自由走动。猎人有强烈的动机去杀死尽可能多的大象；以及“Bycontrast,cattleliveonfannsthatare

privatelyowned.Eachfarmermakesgreatefforttomaintainthecattlepopulationonhisfarmbecausehe

harveststhebenefitoftheseefforts.^^相比之下，牛生活在私人拥有的农场上。每个农场主都在努力维持

农场的牲畜数量，因为他们收获了这些努力的成果。可知，之所以大象面临威胁、，而奶牛是安全的，

是因为它们各自代表着不同的所有权类型。故选D。

10.考查段落大意。根据第四段中的“Governmentshavetriedtosolvetheelephant'sproblemintwoways.

Somecountries,suchasKenyaandUganda,havemadeitillegaltokillelephantsandselltheirivory.“各国

政府试图通过两种方式来解决大象的问题。一些国家，如肯尼亚和乌干达，已经将猎杀大象和出售象

牙定为非法行为；以及“Bycontrast,othercountries,suchasMalawiandNamibia,havemadeelephants

privategoodsandallowedpeopletokillelephants,butonlythoseontheirownproperty."相比之下，其他国

家，如马拉维和纳米比亚，则把大象当作私人物品，允许人们猎杀大象，但仅限于在他们自己的领地

上。可知，第四段通过举例说明各国政府对大象的政策。故选D。

11.考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Whatiscommontomanyistakenleastcareof,fbrallmenhave

greaterregardfbrwhatistheirownthanfbrwhattheypossessincommonwithothers.^^对大多数人来说共

同的东西最不被重视，因为所有人都更关心自己的东西，而不是他们与他人共同拥有的东西。可推知，

人们更关心自己的财产。故选C。

【答案】12.C

13.A

14.C

15.C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了工程师制造了一种通过探测人的尖叫来寻找人的无人机，

包括其优势以及工作原理等情况。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，通读全

文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文

原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

12.考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中“Sofar,theyhaveconductedsuccessfulopenfieldexperiments,

findingthatthedronecanestimateavictim'slocationwithinafewsecondsofpickingupsound.”到目前为

止，他们已经进行了成功的野外实验，发现无人机可以在接收到声音的几秒钟内估计出受害者的位置。

可知，这种寻人无人机的优势是它对尖叫能够快速反应。故选C。

13.考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Anauditory（听觉的）systemwouldneedtodistinguishhumancries

fromsoundsthatoftenhappeninnaturesuchasanimalcallsandwind.''听觉系统需要将人类的哭声与自

然界经常发生的声音（如动物的叫声和风声）区分开来，可知，听觉系统能识别人的哭声。故选A。

14.考查词义猜测。根据第四段41的“Then,theyanalyzedeachsoundfrequencytofindcommon”然后，

他们分析每个声音频率，以找到共同的特征；以及“andusedthosetotrainartificialintelligencesoftware'5

并使用这些特征来训练人工智能软件，可推知signatures是“特征”之意。故选C。

15.考查主旨大意。根据第一段“Ifsomeonecreatedaflyingmachinecapableoftrackingyoudownby

listeningforyourvoice,youmightbeterrified.Butwhatifyouweretrappedinruinsafteranaturaldisaster

andfirstresponderscouldn'tlocateyou?Maybethenahuman-seekingdronewouldn'tbesuchaterribleidea.

ThatconceptisthefocusforengineersatGermany'sFraunhoferFKIEInstitute,who'vebuiltadronetofind

peoplebydetectinghumanscreams”如果有人发明了一种能通过倾听你的声音来追踪你的飞行器，你可

能会感到害怕。但如果你在一场自然灾害后被困在废墟中，而急救人员无法找到你呢？也许到那时，

人类搜索无人机就不会是一个糟糕的主意了。这个概念是德国弗劳恩霍夫FKIE研究所的工程师们关

注的焦点，他们己经制造了一种通过探测人的尖叫来寻找人的无人机；结合文章主要说明了工程师制

造了一种通过探测人的尖叫来寻找人的无人机，介绍了其优势以及工作原理等情况。可