2022-2023学年北京市东城区第二中学高二上学期第二学段英语试卷（解析版）

北京二中2022-2023学年度第二学段高二年级学段考试试卷

英语选择性必修I

第一卷(共两部分，53分)

第一部分：知识运用(共一节，15分)

完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳

选项。

Two-year-oldNancyisdeaf.However,thathasn'tstoppedherfrombeinga(n)[littlegirltryingto

“chat"toanyoneshemeets.Assoonasshegoesoutintotownwithherparents,shestarts2inthehopethatthe

personsheistalkingtoknowssignlanguagetoo.

Normally,hearinglossisasocial3forthosewhodon'tknowhowtousesignlanguage.AnyoneNancy

triedtotalkto4thisandfeltsosorrytheycouldn'trespond.Theywishedtheycould5-herandsay

somethingback,buttheyfoundthemselvescompletelyataloss.

Then,somethingamazinghappened.Insteadofcausinga(n)6,thisbarrierbroughtthecommunity

together.DeterminedtoleamsignlanguagesothattheycouldtalktoNancy,herneighborshiredaninstructorontheir

own,andnowtheyare7totakingclassestogether.Theteacheradmitsthatthisisreallyremarkablebecause,

quiteoften,eventheparentsofdeafchildrendon'twanttoleamthelanguage.ButhereNancyhasafullcommunity

thatissigningandcommunicatingwithher,anditisa(n)8story.

TheteacheralsosaysthatthislevelofinclusionwillmakeahugedifferenceinNancy'slife.Italmostcertainly

ensuresthatshewillbeahappierandmore9individualinthefuture.Nancy'sparentsarealreadynoticinga

10intheirdaughterandtheyhavenowordstoexpresshowgratefultheyaretotheirneighbors.

Withalittlegirlandalotoflove,theneighborstrulymaketheneighborhoodacommunity.

1.A.independentB.persistentC.outgoingD.generous

2.A.signingB.cheeringC.wavingD.smiling

3.A.absenceB.barrierC.stressD.interaction

4.A.discussedB.ignoredC.realizedD.predicted

5.A.inspireB.protectC.trustD.understand

6.A.conflictB.separationC.complaintD.incident

7.A.devotedB.opposedC.usedD.addicted

8.A.amusingB.fascinatingC.rewardingD.moving

9.A.well-adjustedB.healthyC.normalD.grateful

10.A.potentialB.beliefC.strengthD.difference

【答案】l.C2.A3.B4.C5.D6.B7.A8.D9.A10.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了南希从小失聪，但是这并没有阻止她成为一个想要与人沟通的外

向的孩子。她尝试用手语和周围的人交流，但是大家都听不懂。于是社区里的邻居们请了一位老师来教他

们手语，手语老师也赞同这是一个很了不起的举动。因为有爱，这些邻居们真正地将这个社区变成了一个

大家庭。

【1题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这并没有阻止她成为一个外向的小女孩，试图与任何她遇到的人“聊

天”。A.independent独立的；B.persistent坚持不懈的;C.outgoing外向的;D.generous慷慨的。根据下文

alittlegirltryingto,chat，toanyoneshemeets”可知，失聪并没有阻止南希成为一个想要与人沟通的外向的

小女孩。故选C项。

【2题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：只要她和父母一起进城，她就会开始用手语，希望和她交谈的人也懂手语。A.

signing打手势；B.cheering欢呼；C.waving挥手;D.smiling微笑。根据下文中的"signlanguage”可知，

她开始用手语与人交流。sign在此处作动词，意为“打手势”。故选A项。

【3题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：通常，对于那些不知道如何使用手语的人来说，听力损失是一种社交障碍。A.

absence缺席；B.barrier障碍；C.stress压力；D.interaction互动。barrier意为"障碍"，符合语境,且与第

三段第二句中的barrier呼应。故选B项。

【4题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：南希试图与之交谈的每一个人都意识到了这一点，都很抱歉他们没有回应。A.

discussed讨论；B.ignored忽视；C.realized意识到;D.predicted预测。根据下文“feltsosorry”可知,任

何一个南希试图与之交谈的人都意识到了这一点。realise意为“认识到"。故选C项。

【5题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们希望自己能理解她的意思，并对她说些什么，但他们发现自己完全不知所

措。A.inspire启发；B.protect保护;C.trust信任;D.understand理解。根据下文“saysomethingback”可

知，他们希望他们能够明白南希手语的意思，故选D项。

【6题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个障碍非但没有造成隔阂，反而把社区团结在了一起。A.conflict冲突；B.

separation分离；C.complaint抱怨；D.incident事件。根据语境可知，此处表示这道屏障并没有造成隔离，

反而把社区团结在了一起。设空处与下文的"broughtthecommunitytogether”形成对比。故选B项。

【7题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：南希的邻居们决定学习手语，这样他们就可以和南希交谈，他们自己雇了一

个老师，现在他们一起专心上课。A.devoted专心的；B.opposed反对的；C.used习惯的；D.addicted±

瘾的。根据"hiredaninstructorontheirown”及utakingclassestogether可知，南希的邻居们专心上课学手

语。故选A项。

【8题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在这里，南希有一个完整的社区，与她交流，这是一个感人的故事。A.amusing

有趣的；B.fascinating迷人的；C.rewarding有意义的；D.moving感人的。根据上文"andnowtheyaredevoted

t。takingclassestogether”可知，南希社区里的居民为了和她交流而学习手语，这是一个感人的故事。故选

D项。

【9题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这几乎可以肯定，她将来会成为一个更快乐、更能适应环境的人。A.

well-adjusted很好适应的；B.healthy健康的；C.normal正常的；D.grateful感激的。根据"Italmostcertainly

guaranteesthatshewillbeahappier"以及上文的描述可知，此处表示邻居们的暖心之举一定会让她将来成为

一个更快乐、更能适应环境的人。故选A项。

【10题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：南希的父母已经注意到女儿的变化，他们无法用语言表达对邻居们的感激之情。

A.potential潜力；B.belief信念：C.strength力气；D.difference差异。根据下文"theyhavenowordstoexpress

howgratefultheyaretotheirneighbors.M可知，此处表示南希的父母已经注意到他们女儿的变化（不同之处）

了。故选D项。

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节38分）

第一节（共14小题;每小题2分，共28分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Alexis,17,satquietlyinthepassengerseatofherdad'scar.Shelethereyeslazilyscanthelandscapeforwildlife.

Thenadeercameintoviewabout200yardsinfrontofthem."Dad,there'sadeerthere!,?Alexissaid.Itwasamale

deerwithsharpantlers（角）oneachsideofitshead.

Asthecarmovedcloser,Alexissawthatthedeer'sheadwasbenttowardtheground.Thensheheardascream

andsawanannflyupnearthedeer'shead.Alexisrealizedthedeerwasattackingawoman.Sue,a44-year-old

mother,hadbeenoutforhermorningrun.Thedeerfollowedherandedgedcloser.i6\knewIwasintrouble,Suesays.

Shewenttopickupastickforself-defense,andthedeercharged.Itliftedherwithitsantlersandthrewherintotheair.

Suecouldfeelbloodflewdownherleg.Withinseconds,thedeerhadpushedherofftheroad.

WhenAlexisandherfatherpulledup,thedeerwasthrowingSuelikeadoll.Alexislookedintothewoman's

terrifiedeyes,andbeforeherfatherhadevenstoppedthecar,theteenagerjumpedquicklyoutofthecarandran

towardthedeer."Iwaskickingittogetitsattention,shesays.Thenherfather,whohadfollowedhisdaughter,

pushedthedeerawayfromthewomen.

AlexishelpedSueintothecar,andthenappliedapieceofclothtoSue'sinjuredleg."We'regoingtogetyouto

ahospital,vAlexissaid.Thensheheardherfathershoutloudly.Hehadbeenknockedtotheground.Alexistookhold

ofahammerfromthecarandrantowhereherfatherlayonhisback.Shebeatthedeer'sheadandneck,buttheblows

didn'tscareitaway."Iwaslosingfaith/5shesays."Acouplemorestrikes,Alexis,saidherfather.t4Youcandoit.”

Turningthehammeraround,Alexisclosedhereyesandbeatthedeer'sneckwithallherstrength.Whensheopened

hereyes,thedeerwasrunningaway.Alexisgotinthedriver'sseatandspedtowardthenearesthospital.

AfterSuewastreated,shetearfullythankedherrescuers."Youexpectateenagegirltogetonthephoneandcall

forhelp,“shesays,“nottobeatupadeer.”

11.WhatdidAlexisdotosaveSue?

A.Shepushedthedeeraway.B.Shehitthedeerwithherfeet.

C.Shedrovethecartohitthedeer.D.Shebeatthedeerwithahammer.

12.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeAlexis?

A.Strong.B.Cruel.C.Energetic.D.Brave.

13.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.AWomanWasSeriouslyInjured

B.ADangerousDeerAttackedaWoman

C.AGirlRescuedHerFatherSuccessfully

D.ATeenagerSavedOthersfromaDeerAttack

【答案】11.B12.D13.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了Alexis和父亲一起在野外开车时，遇到素不相识的Sue被公

鹿攻击，危机时刻，父女二人合力救出了Sue,并把她送到医院。他们的及时出现和救援挽救了Sue的生命。

【II题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“Alexislookedintothewoman'sterrifiedeyes,andbeforeherfatherhadeven

stoppedthecar,theteenagerjumpedquicklyoutofthecarandrantowardthedee匚'Iwaskickingittogetits

attention/shesays.（Alexis看着那个女人惊恐的眼睛，在她父亲停下车之前，这个少年迅速跳下车，向那只

公鹿跑去。“我踢它是为了引起它的注意，"她说。）”可知，Alexis跳下车，跑向攻击的公鹿，用脚踢它，

吸引它的注意，帮助Sue逃离“鹿口”。故选B项。

【12题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容uAlexislookedintothewoman'sterrifiedeyes,andbeforeherfatherhadeven

stoppedthecar,theteenagerjumpedquicklyoutofthecarandrantowardthedeer.“可知，Alexis迅速SIK下车，

跑向正在攻击的公鹿，甚至用脚踢它以帮助Sue,以及文章第四段内容uTurningthehammeraround,Alexis

closedhereyesandbeatthedeer'sneckwithallherstrength.Whensheopenedhereyes,thedeerwasrunningaway.

Alexisgotinthedriver'sseatandspedtowardthenearesthospital.（Alexis把锤子转过来，闭上眼睛，用尽全身

力气击打着鹿的脖子。当她睁开眼睛时，公鹿已经跑开了。Alexis坐到驾驶座上，迅速向最近的医院驶去。）”

可知，Alexis用尽力气用锤子赶走了公鹿，并将车开往医院。通过这些动作和行为，都可推知，她是勇敢的。

故选D项。

【13题详解】

主旨大意题。根据文章的核心句"Shewenttopickupastickforself-defense,andthedeercharged.Itliftedherwith

itsanllersandthrewherinlotheair.（她拿起一根棍子自卫，公鹿向她冲了过来。它用鹿角把她托起，把她抛向

空中。）”,"AlexishelpedSueintothecar,andthenappliedapieceofclothtoSue'sinjuredleg.（Alexis扶Sue上

了车，然后把一块布敷在Sue受伤的腿上。）"，“Whensheopenedhereyes,thedeerwasrunningaway.Alexisgot

inthedriver'sseatandspedtowardthenearesthospital.（当她睁开眼睛时，公鹿已经跑开了。Alexis坐到驾驶座

_h,迅速向最近的医院驶去。）”和“AfterSuewastreated,shelearfullylhankedherrescuers.（Sue接受治疗后，

含泪感谢了救援人员。）”可知，文章主要讲述了Alexis和父亲一起在野外开车时，遇到素不相识的Sue被

公鹿攻击，父女二人合力救出了Sue,并把她送到医院，因此最佳标题是D项“ATeenagerSavedOthersfrom

aDeerAttack（一个少年从公鹿攻击中救了别人）故选D项。

B

MorePeopleAreLeavingtheRatRacefortheSimpleLife

Timeismorepreciousthanmoneyforanincreasingnumberofpeoplewhoarechoosingtolivemorewith

less-andlikingit.

KayandCharlesGiddens,twolawyers,soldtheirhometostartaB&Bhotel.Fouryearslater,thecoupledishes

outbananapancakebreakfast,cleanstoiletsandserveshomemadechocolatechipcookiestoguestsinaB&Bhotel

surroundedbytreesonahillknownforcolorfulsunsets.

“DoImissthefreeways?DoImissthetraffic?DoImissthestress?No,"saysMs.Giddens,“Thisisa

phenomenonthat'sfairlywidespread.Alotofpeoplearereevaluatingtheirlivesandfiguringoutwhattheywantto

do.Iftheirbaseisbeingdamaged,what'sthepayoff?”

Simplelivingrangesfromcuttingdownonweeknightactivitiestosharinghousing,livingclosertowork,

avoidingshoppingmalls,bon,owingbooksfromthelibraryinsteadofbuyingthem,andtakingacutinpaytoworkat

amorepleasurablejob.

VickiRobin,awriter,livesonabudgetequaltoafifthofwhatsheusedtomake."Youbecomeconsciousabout

whereyourmoneyisgoingandhowvaluableitis,"Ms.Robinsays,“Youtendnottousethingsup.Youcookathome

ratherthaneat

JanetLuhrs,alawyer,quitherjobaftergivingbirthandleavingherdaughterwithanannyfortwoweeks.fc4It

wasnotthewayIwantedtoraisemykids,“shesays,"Simplicityisnotjustaboutsavingmoney;it'saboutmesitting

downeverynightwithmykidstoacandlelitdinnerwithclassicalmusic.”

Mrs.Luhrsnoweditsamagazine,SimpleLiving,whichpublishestipsonhowtobuyrecycledfurnitureand

shoes,organizepotluckdinnersinsteadofexpensivereceptions,andgenerallyhowtoconsumeless.

“It'snotaboutpoverty,Mrs.Luhrsexplains,4tIfsaboutconsciouslivingandcreatingthelifeyouwant.The

lessstuffyoubuy,thelessmoneygoesoutofthedoor,andthelessmoneyyouhavetoeam.^^

14.Simplelivingincludes.

A.buildingahomelibraryB.livinginthecountryside

C.enjoyingacolorfulnightlifeD.sharinghousingwithothers

15.ItcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatnowJanetLuhrs.

A.hasaninterestinclassicalmusicB.spendsmoretimewithherkids

C.worksasareporterofamagazineD.helpspeoplebuyrecycledclothes

16.Howdoestheauthordevelopthepassage?

A.Byusingfigures.B.Byaskingquestions.

C.Bygivingexamples.D.Bymakingcomparisons.

【答案】14.D15.B16.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种社会现象，人们现在更趋向于过一种压力小、接近自然和

随心的工作和生活。

【14题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第四段"Simplelivingrangesfromcuttingdownonweeknightactivitiestosharing

housing（简单的生活方式包括减少工作日晚上的活动和合租住房）”可知，简单的生活包括与他人合租房屋。

故选D项。

【15题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第六段"Simplicityisnotjustaboutsavingmoney;it'saboutmesittingdowneverynight

withmykidstoacandlelitdinnerwithclassicalmusic.（简单不仅仅是为了省钱,而是每天晚上我和孩子们坐在

一起，听着古典音乐，共进烛光晚餐。）”可知，从文章中可以得知，现在珍妮特•卢尔斯花更多时间陪孩子。

故选B项。

【16题详解】

推理判断题。分析全文内容可知，文章用了几个人物的例子，如Kay和CharlesGiddens夫妇，作家VickiRobin,

律师JanetLuhrs等来讲述SimpleLiving的概念，所以本文是通过举例子来展开文章的。故选C项。

C

It'srarethatyouseethewords"shyness"and"leader"inthesamesentence.Afterall,thecommonviewpointis

thatthoseoutgoingandsociableguysmakegreatpublicspeakersandexcellentnet-workersandthatthoseshypeople

arenot.AsurveyconductedbyUSATodayreferredto65percentofexecutiveswhobelievedshynesstobeabarrier

toleadership.Interestingly,thesamearticlestressesthatroughly40percentofleadersactuallyarequiteshy-theyYe

justbetteratadaptingthemselvestosituationaldemands.BillGates,WarrenBuffetandCharlesSchwabarejusta

fewHinniesH.

Unliketheiroutgoingcounterpartswhoaremoresensitivetorewardsandrisk-taking,shypeopletakeacautious

approachtochance.Ratherthantheflashychit-chatthatdefinessocialgathering,shypeoplelistenattentivelytowhat

otherssayandabsorbitbeforetheyspeak.They'renotthinkingaboutwhattosaywhiletheotherpersonisstill

talking,butratherlisteningsotheycanlearnwhattosay.Alongthesamelines,shypeopleshareacommonloveof

learning.Theyareintrinsically（内在土也）motivatedandthereforeseekcontentregardlessofachievinganoutside

standard.

Beingshycanalsobringotherbenefits.Rememberbeinginschoolandhearingthesamekidscontribute,until

shylittleJohnny,whoalmostneversaidaword,cutin?Thenwhathappened?Everyoneturnedaroundtolookwith

greatrespectatlittleJohnnyactuallytalking.Thisishowshypeoplemadegooduseoftheirpowerofpresence:they

"own*'themomentbyspeakingcalmlyandpurposefully,whichtranslatetoapositiveimage.

Shynessisoftenrelatedtomodesty.Nottosaythatlimelight-seekersaren'tmodest,butshypeopletendtohave

anaccuratesenseoftheirabilitiesandachievements.Asaresult,theyareabletoacknowledgemistakes,

imperfections,knowledgegapsandlimitations.

Sinceshypeoplehavealowersensitivitytooutsiderewardsthanoutgoingones,they'remorecomfortable

workingwithlittleinformationandstickingtotheirinnerdesires.Shypeoplearealsomorelikelytoinsistonfinding

solutionsthataren*tprimarilyapparent.Don'tbelieveme?MaybeyoullbelieveAlbertEinstein,whooncesaid,"It's

notIhalI'msosmart,it'sIhalIslaywithproblemslonger."Obviously,findingcertaintywhereuncertaintyistypically

popularisahugeplusforanysuccessfulperson.

Themyththatshypeoplearelesseffectiveleadersthantheiroutgoingfellowsisjustamisunderstanding.Make

wiseuseofyourpersonalitystrengthstoleadyourbusinessnomatterwhatsideoftherangeyoufallon.

17.WecanlearnfromParagraph2that.

A.shypeoplearesensitivetorewards

B.shypeoplecaremoreaboutcontent

C.outgoingpeoplearemorecarefulaboutchances

D.outgoingpeopleconsiderwhattolearnwhilelistening

18.TheexampleofJohnnyshows.

A.shypeoplearelikelytobemodest

B.hardworkingstudentsspeaklittleinpublic

C.somestudentskeepsilentonpuiposeatschool

D.shypeoplemayhaveanadvantageindiscussion

19.WecanlearnfromtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph5that.

A.successresultsfromdevotionB.shynesscontributestopopularity

C.outsiderewardleadstoinsistenceD.uncertaintycountsmorethancertainty

20.Theauthorsupportshisideasmainlyby.

A.givingdefinitionsandpresentingresearchresults

B.explainingproblemsandprovidingsolutions

C.quotingauthoritiesandmakingevaluations

D.makingcontrastsandgivingexamples

【答案】17.B18.D19.A20.D

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要分析了生性害羞的人与外向的人相比有着一定的优势。

【17题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段"Ratherthantheflashychit-chatthatdefinessocialgathering,shypeoplelisten

attentivelytowhatotherssayandabsorbitbeforetheyspeak.They'renotthinkingaboutwhattosaywhiletheother

personisstilltalking,butratherlisteningsotheycanlearnwhattosay.（害羞的人不像社交聚会那样浮华地闲聊，

而是认真倾听别人说什么，并在他们开口之前就消化了。当对方还在说话的时候，他们不会考虑说什么，

而是倾听，这样他们就能学会说什么。）”可知害羞的人很认真地听其他人所说的内容并消化吸收。他们认

真地听是因为他们可以从别人所说的话中学到很多。这些都说明害羞的人实际上非常在意别人说话的内容。

故选B项。

【18题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句"Thisishowshypeoplemadegooduseoftheirpowerofpresence：they"own”

themomentbyspeakingcalmlyandpurposefully,whichtranslatetoapositiveimage.（这就是害羞的人如何很好

地利用他们的风度的力量：他们冷静而有目的性地说话，“拥有”这一刻，这转化为积极的形象。）”可知

很害羞不愿意表达自己观点的Johnny一直都没有说话，但他突然插话，所有人都转身听他陈述观点，他镇

定地陈述了自己的思想。这个例子说明因为害羞的人平时很少说话，但是一旦发表观点了，别人就很在意。

在讨论中往往会有一点优势，故选D项。

【19题详解】

推理判断题。根据前句"Shypeoplearealsomorelikelytoinsistonfindingsolutionsthataren'tprimarilyapparent.

（害羞的人更可能坚持找到并不是很明显的问题的解决方法。）”这说明害羞的人很专注于自己的问题。故

选A项。

【20题详解】

推理判断题。作者在文章中主要通过把害羞的人和外向的人进行比较，也通过举例说明的方法说明害羞的

人在各方面都有一些优势。故选D项。

D

Lovethewayyouwalk

Listencarefullytothefootstepsinthefamilyhome,andyoucanprobablyworkoutwhoiswalkingabout.The

featuresmostcommonlyusedtoidentifypeoplearefaces,voicesandfingerprints.Butthewaytheywalkisalsoa

giveaway.

Researchershaveusedvideocamerasandcomputerstoanalyzepeople'sgaits,andarenowquitegoodatit.But

translatingsuchknowledgeintoapracticalidentificationsystemcanbetricky.Camerasareoftenvisible,aredifficult

tosetup,requiregoodlightingandmayhavetheirviewblockedbyotherpeople.AteamledbyDr.OzanyanandDr.

Scullyhavebeenlookingforabetterwaytorecognizegait.Theiranswer:pressure-sensitivemats.

Suchmatsarenothingnew.Theyhavebeenpartofsecuritysystems.ButOzanyanandScullyuseacomplicated

versionthatcanrecordtheamountofpressureappliedindifferentplacesassomeonewalksacrossit.These

measurementsformapatternuniquetothewalker.Theresearchersturnedtoanartificial-intelligencesystemto

recognizesuchpatterns,anditseemedtowork.Inastudyin2018,theytestedthesystemonadatabaseoffootstepsof

127people.Theyfounditserrorrateinidentifyingwhowaswhowasamere0.7%.AndScullysaysevenwithouta

databaseoffootstepstoworkwith,thesystemcandeterminesomeone'ssexand,withreasonableaccuracy,a

subject'sage.

Oneapplicationofthemat-basedgait-recognitionsystemmightbeinhealthcare,particularlyfortheelderly.A

matplacedinanursinghomeoranoldperson'sownresidencecouldmonitorchangesinanindividuafsgaitthat

indicatescertainillnesses.Thatwouldprovideearlywarningofsomeonebeingatgreaterriskoffallingover.

Gaitanalysismightalsobeusedasasecuritymeasureintheworkplace,monitoringaccesstorestrictedareas,

suchaspartsofmilitarybases,serverfarmsorlaboratoriesdealingwithdangerousmaterials.

Perhapsthemostinterestinguseofthemats,though,wouldbeinpublicplaces,suchasairports.Forthattowork,

thefootstepsofthosetoberecognizedwouldneedtohavebeenstoredinadatabase,whichwouldbeharderto

arrangethanthecollectionofphotographsandfingerprintsthatexistingairportsecuritysystemsrelyon.Many

aircreworpreregisteredfrequentflyerswouldwelcomeanythingthatspeededuponeofthemosttiresomepartsof

moderntravel.

21.WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph2?

A.Researchequipment.B.Researchfindings.

C.Researchassumption.D.Researchbackground.

22.AccordingtoParagraph3,thematisusedto.

A.collectdataB.ensuresafety

C.determineageD.analysepressure

23.Thegait-recognitionsystemmightbeappliedto.

A.monitorsecurityworkprogressB.detectpotentialhealthproblems

C.keeptrackoftravellingfrequencyD.warnpassengersofpossibledangers

24.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto.

A.compareandeducateB.examineandassess

C.discussandpersuadeD.explainandinform

【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.D

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要向我们介绍了通过步态来识别人的身份的一项新的科学研究：压敏垫。

可用它来识别身份和监控健康。

[21题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第二段Researchershaveusedvideocamerasandcomputerstoanalyzepeople'sgaits,andare

nowquitegoodatit.Buttranslatingsuchknowledgeintoapracticalidentificationsystemcanbetricky.研究人员己

经使用摄像机和电脑来分析人们的步态，现在已经很擅长于此。但是将这些知识转化成一个实际的识别系

统是很困难的。可知，本段主要讲述了研究背景。故选D项。

【22题详解】

2田节理解题。根据第三段BuiOzanyanandScullyuseacomplicatedversionthatcanrecordtheamountofpressure

appliedindifferentplacesassomeonewalksacrossit.但是Ozanyan和Scully使用了一个复杂的版本，可以在有

人走过时记录步伐在不同位置产生的压力值。可知，这个垫子是用来收集数据的。故选A项。

【23题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段Amatplacedinanursinghomeoranoldperson'sownresidencecouldmonitorchanges

inanindividual'sgaitthatindicatescertainillnesses.Thatwouldprovideearlywarningofsomeonebeingatgreater

riskoffallingover.将光纤垫安装在养老院或老人自己家中，可以监测一个人步态的变化，预测某些疾病。这

将提供早期预警，例如提醒某人较有可能摔倒。可知，步态识别系统可用于检测潜在的健康问题。故选B

项。

【24题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段中AteamledbyDr.OzanyanandDr.Scullyhavebeenlookingforabetterwayto

recognizegait.Theiranswer:pressure-sensitivemats.由Ozanyan博士和Scully博士领导的研究小组一直在寻找

识别步态的更好方法。他们的答案是：压敏垫。并通读全文可知，本文主要向我们介绍了通过步态来识别

人的身份的一项新的科学研究：压敏垫。所以可推测本文的主要目的是解释并告知。故选D项。

第二节（共5小题海小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Aculturalviewonpersonalspace

Ifsawell-knownfactthattheBritishpreferalarge“bubble“ofpersonalspacearoundthem.25And

inSouthAmerica,afriendmaygrabyoubythearmduringconversationtomaketheirpoint.

Now,astudypublishedintheJournalofCross-CulturalPsychologyhaslookedintowhydifferentcultureshave

suchdifferentapproachestopersonalspace.26Theydevelopedanearlierstudythatdividedindividuals

into"contact"and"non-contact“cultures.Contactcultures-southernEuropean,LatinAmericanand

Arabian-engagedinmoretouchingandstoodcloserduringconversationthannon-contactculturesinnorthern

Europe,NorthAmericaandpartsofAsia.

Toadegree,thisprovedcorrect.Argentinabecomesknownasthemosttouchy-feelynation;peopleherekeep

thesamedistancefromastrangerasaBritishpersonwouldanacquaintanceandaCanadianindividualaclosefriend

orpartner.27Theycomeoutwiththewidestdistanceyoushouldstandfromastranger——morethan

1.3m-butoneofthenarrowestgapsforclosefriends,just40cm,comparedtonearly60cmforaBritishperson.So

thetheoryofwarmversuscoldisnotasstraightforwardasitsounds.

28Thehigheracountry'saveragetemperature,thecloserpeoplewillstandtoastranger.Butolder

peopleinwarmclimateskeepabiggerdistancefromclosefriendsandstandclosertostrangers;womengenerally

keepagreaterdistancefromsomeonetheydon'tknow.

Theacademicsleadingthisstudyadmitthatthereisalotmoretodo.Butwhatwedoknowistokeepyour

distanceinCanada;prepareforahuginArgentina.29Theyliketostandcloserthananybody.Tokeep

warmperhaps.

A.It'simportanttogetthedistanceright,though.

B.Romaniansclearlytakelongertoestablishtrust.

C.Howclosewestandtootherpeoplevarieswidelybetweencountries.

D.AndifyouendupongoodtennswithaNorwegian,don'tdrawback.

E.However,inIndiapeoplewillpackintotrainsandbuseswithoutasecondthought.

F.Onetheorytheresearcherswantedtotestwaswhetherclimateaffectspersonalspace.

G.Thestudycertainlyfoundthatclimate,ageandgenderhaveaneffectonpersonaldistanceacrosscultures.

【答案】25.E26.F27.B28.G29.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了个人空间的文化观。

【25题详解】

根据上文"It'sawell-knownfactthattheBritishpreferalarge"bubble"ofpersonalspacearoundthem.（众所周知,

英国人更喜欢周围有一个大的个人空间）”及下文"AndinSouthAmerica,afriendmaygrabyoubythearm

duringconversationtomaketheirpoint."可知，本段是介绍不同地方人们的习惯性行为，E项"然而，在印度，

人们会毫不犹豫地挤进火车和公共汽车”符合语境。故选E。

【26题详解】

根据下文“Theydevelopedanearlierstudythatdividedindividualsinto'contact'and'non-contact'cultures.（他们

开展了一项更早的研究，将个体分为‘接触'文化和‘非接触‘文化）”可知，空处应是提到一些研究人员，

指明下文They的具体指代对象，F项“研究人员想验证的一个理论是，气候是否会影响个人空间”符合语

境。故选F。

【27题详解】

根据下文“Theycomeoutwiththewidestdistanceyoushouldstandfromastranger—morethan1.3m-butone

ofthenarrowestgapsforclosefriends,just40cm,comparedtonearly60cmforaBritishperson.（他们与陌生人之

间的距离是最宽的——超过1.3米——但与亲密朋友之间的距离是最窄的，只有40