山西省运城市2022-2023学年八年级（上）期末英语试卷（含答案）

山西省运城市2022—2023学年八年级（上）期末英语模拟试卷一、补全对话（本大题共1小题）A：Hi，Amy.Thewintervacationiscoming.1B：No，Idon't.Wouldyoupleasegivemesomeadvice？A：2B：Goodidea.Whatcanwedo？A：3Forexample，wecancookdinneranddothedishes.B：Itsoundsgreat.Icanalsocleantherooms.A：Ofcourse!4B：Yes，wecansharethehouseworkwithourfamilymembers.A：Iagree.5B：Let'sdoit.A：OK.A．Certainly!B．Doyouhaveanyplans？C．There'ssomuchwecando.D．Idon'tlikedoinghouseworkatall.E．Doinghouseworkissomeaningful.F．Whataboutdoinghouseworkwithyourfamily？G．Besides（而且），doinghouseworkwillmakeushappy.二、完形填空（本大题共1小题）SunnySundayOctober5thBaking（烤）isalwaysonmydreamlist（清单）.Todaymy6cametrue.Myparentsgavemeanoven7my13-year-oldbirthdaygift.Icouldn'twaitto8baking.Imadeabigcake.First，Iputsomefour（面粉），threeeggs，somebutterandsomesugarintoabigbowl.AndImixedthemtogether.NextI9themixtureintothecakemould（模具）andputthemouldintotheoven.ThenI10theoven.Fortyminuteslater，mycakewasdone.Icut11intosmallpieceswithaknifeandinvitedmyparentstohaveataste.They12agreedthatthecakewasnice.Iateone，too.Ittastedgreat.ButitwasmuchtoosweetbecauseIput13sugar.Itdoesn'tmatter.Iwillmakeabettercakenexttime.6．A．event B．dream C．promise7．A．as B．to C．for8．A．makeup B．helpout C．takeup9．A．shook B．poured C．served10．A．lookedfor B．turneddown C．turnedon11．A．it B．its C．them12．A．all B．both C．hardly13．A．toomuch B．toomany C．alittle三、阅读理解（本大题共2小题）DearMelissa，Howiseverythingwithyou？Guesswhat!IamgoingtohaveabigpartynextSaturdayatmyhouseandIaminvitingallmyclosefriends.Thetheme（主题）ofthepartyisgoingtobeHarryPotter，soallmustdressup.Samisgoingtomakethehousebeautifulandmymotherisgoingtomakeacakeandbuyussomefoodandfruit.Thereisgoingtobemusic，andJohnisgoingtobetheDJ.Wecandanceaswell.Ifitendstoolate，youcanstayoveratmyhouse.It’sgoingtobegreat!Ihopetoseeyouthen.Yours,SarahDearSandy，I'mhavingabigpartyonFriday.Ihopeyoucancomeover.Dawn，Dorothy，MarieandLeahwillbethere.Youcancomeoverrightafterschool.Wewillgoswimming.Mydadwillmakehamburgers.Afterdinner，wecanputupthetentandcampoutallnight.Ihopeyoucancomeover.Yours,Caroline14．WhereisSarah'sparty？A．Inapark.B．Atherhouse.C．Inarestaurant.15．WhatisSarah'smothergoingtodofortheparty？A．TolookforaDJ.B．Tocleanthehouse.C．Tomakeacake.16．WhenisCaroline'sparty？A．OnFriday.B．OnSunday.C．OnSaturday.17．WhatwillCaroline'sguestsNOTdoattheparty？A．Goswimming.B．Campoutside.C．WatchTV18．WhydidSarahandCarolinewritetheletters？A．Tohelppeopleprepareforparties.B．Toinvitefriendstotheirparties.C．Toteachpeopletowriteinvitations.Theteacherstoodinthefrontoftheclassroomwiththefinalexampapers."Iknowhowhardyouallhaveworkedforthistest."hesaid."soIwillgiveaBifyoudon'twanttotakethetest."Twenty-fivestudentsthankedtheteacherandleft.Theteacherlookedattheotherstudentsandasked，"Anyoneelse？"Twomorestudentsleft.Sevenstudentsstayed.Theteacherthenhandedoutthepapers.Therewereonlysomesentencesonit：Congratulations（祝贺）！YouhavereceivedanA．Keepbelievinginyourself.Inevermetateacherlikethat，butIthinkthatitisatestthatanyteachercouldandshouldgive.StudentswhodonotbelieveinthemselvesareBstudents.Thesamegoesforstudentsinreallife.TheAstudentsalwaysbelieveinwhattheyaredoing.Theylearnlife'slessonsnotonlyfromtheirschooleducation，butalsofromeventsintheirlives.Bydoingso，theybecomebetterpeople.Youmayfindyouhavesomelimitsoneday.However，thereisnothingyoucan'tdoorlearntodo.SirEdmundHillary，thefirstpersontoreachthetopofMountQomolangmasaid，"Wedonotconquer（征服）themountain，butourselves."19．Whydidsomestudentsleavetheclassroom？A．Becausetheycouldtakeanothereasierexamlater.B．Becausetheythoughttheexamwastooeasyforthem.C．Becausetheydidn'tbelievetheycouldgetahighergrade.20．What'sthenumberofstudentsintheclass？A．27B．32C．3421．What'stheChinesemeaningoftheunderlinedword"received"？A．收到.B．拒绝.C．取消.22．WhycantheAstudentsbecomebetterpeopleinlife？A．Becausetheyfindtheirowntalents.B．Becausetheygetthehelpoftheteachers.C．Becausetheybelieveinwhattheyaredoing.23．What'sthebesttitleofthepassage？A．BelieveinOurselves.B．LearnfromOthers.C．WhatOurTalentsAre.四、补全对话（本大题共1小题）Whenwetalkaboutthemostfamousstoryoffriendship（友谊），thestoryofYuBoyaandZhongZiqimustcomefirst.YuBoyaandZhongZiqiweregoodfriendsinancient（古代的）China.YuwasgoodatplayingChineseguqinandZhongenjoyedhismusic.AfterZhongZiqidied，YuBoyabrokehisguqinandneverplayedit.24Mostofushaveatleastonefriend.Afriendissomeonewhoknowsusbetterthanothersdo.25Sowhyarefriendssoimportant？Friendscanhelpusoutofthehardtimesmorequickly.26Duringthosetimes，weneedafriendtogivesomeadvicetohelpus.27Withoutanyfriend，youwillprobablyspendtimeinthehouseplayingvideogamesorwatchingTV.Butwithfriends，youcangoouttoenjoymanykindsofactivities.28Wehardlyseeitsmeaningunlessweloseit.Findatruefriendandkeepthefriendshipforever!A．Truefriendshipislikegoodhealth.B．Afriendcanmakeourlifecolorful.C．Whydoweneedfriendsinourlife？D．Afriendisalsosomeonewecantrustwhenintrouble.E．Everybodywillgothroughdifficulttimesandfeelupsetsometimes.F．Theirstorytellsusthemeaningoffriendshipisnotinwordsbutinaction.五、短文填空（本大题共1小题）Iamabooklover.Istronglybelievethatreadingcannotonlyenrich（使丰富）ourlifeandopenupoureyes，butalsohelpsusbebetterpersons.Thus，itwasagoodchancetospendthewholedayinthelibraryenjoyingreadingonWorldReadingDayonApril23rd.Tohaveenoughtimetoenjoyreading，Ileftforthecitylibraryearlyinthemorning.WhatIa.m.thereatabout8:30a.m.withmyclassmates，quiteafewpeoplewerewaitinginlinetobuythebooksonsale.Theysaidtheycouldbuythebooksatlowerpricethere.Walkingintothereadingroom，wemadeaplantolookthroughtheclassification（分类）ofthebookssothatwecouldfindoutwhattoreadassoonaspossible.Thencamethemostmeaningfulpartofthetrip.Wegaveawayhundredsofeducationalbooksandputtheminorderwiththelibrarians（图书管理员）.Tomakepeopleunderstandthemainideaofthebooksbetter，wealsotooknotescarefullyafteradiscussionabouthowtoofferhelpwitheachother.Later，allofustookpartinthepoemrecitingcompetition（诗歌背诵大赛）organizedbythelibrary.Moreandmorepeoplejoinedusasthecompetitionwenton.Theytoldusthatwehelpedthemtogetclosertothefamouspoets（诗人）.Manypeoplesaidthankstousforsettingagoodexample.Iamabooklover.Readingcanmakemebetterinmanyways.Itwasagoodchanceformetohavea（n）29dayinthecitylibraryonWorldReadingDay.Ileftearlythatday.Whenwegotthere，manypeoplewerewaitingtobuythebookson30.Enteringthereadingroom，we31tolookthroughtheclassificationsofthebooksfirst.Laterwegaveawaymanybooks.Tohelppeopleunderstandthebooksbetter，wetookcarefulnotesaftera（n）32.Finally，werecitedmanypoemsintherecitingcompetition.Itattracted（吸引）morepeopletojoinus.Theythankedusforhelpingthemget33tothefamouspoetsandsettingagoodexample.六、任务型阅读（本大题共3小题）Areyouhappy？Perhapssomeofyouwillsay"no".Infact，beingateenagerishard.Youmayworryaboutalotofthingsinyourlife.DoyouknowwhatBritish（英国的）teenagersworryaboutmost？Youcanfindtheanswerfromthechartbelow.TheresearchwasdonebytheUK'sDepartmentofHealthamongmorethan100，000teenagers.Herearetheresults.ManyChineseteenagerssharesimilarworrieswiththeBritishteenagers.ArecentresearchshowsthatmanyChineseteenagershaveproblemsinsociallife，studyandemotional（情感）.Tosolvetheproblems，someschoolscameupwiththeideaofhappinesseducation.Forexample，TsinghuaUniversityHighSchooltriedtomeet（迎合）students'needs.Itbuiltaskatingrink（溜冰场）anddifferentlaboratories（实验室）todeveloptheirinterests.Whileschoolstakeaction，studentsthemselvescandosomething，too.TheprofessorNadiaLovettfromAustraliabelievesstudents，habits，hobbiesandattitudetowardlife（对待生活的态度）allplayaroleintheirhappiness.34．PleasetranslatetheunderlinedsentenceinChinese？35．WhatpercentofBritishteenagersworryaboutpeerpressure？36．Whydidsomeschoolscomeupwiththeideaofhappinesseducation？37．Inthepassage，theunderlinedword"their"refersto.38．Whatdoyouoftenworryaboutinyourlife？39．Whatcanyoudotomakeyourelaxedandhappy？Whatwillourlifebelikein50years？Nooneknowstheanswerexactly，40wearesurethatitwillbeverydifferentfromthelifetoday.AscientistnamedJamesWhitemakessomepredictions.Herearesomeofhisideas.First，peoplewillhave41worktodo，androbotswilldomostwork.Peoplewilluserobotstobuildcars，dothehousework，lookaftersickpeopleandteachstudents.Peoplewill42moretimeexercising.Sopeoplewillbecomestrongerandhealthier，and43willlivetobeabout200yearsold.44，carswillbecomeverysmallandcomputerswillcontroltheirspeedeasily.Sotherewillbemuchfeweraccidentsontheroad.Rocketswillbeverypopular，andmanypeoplewouldlike45besenttothecestation.Third，peoplewillbe46toliveinthesea，onthemoonoronMars.Theearthwon'tbecrowdedornoisy.Sotherewillbeless47andtheairwillbecomefresher.Finally，watershortage（短缺）willbecome48ofthemostseriousproblems.Ifpeopledon'tsavewaternow，there49belesswaterin50years.be；high；child；until；quick；decide；with；look；short；begin；unless；simpleSeveralboysstoodaroundatree."Whatatalltree!"theysaidtoeachother."It50excitingtoclimbtothetop!"Theboysthen51toplayagametoseewhocouldclimbtothetopofthetreefirst.Theirmothersweresittingnotfaraway，lookingattheir52astheyplayed.Oneoftheclimberswasan8-year-oldboynamedDavid.Hewas53childinthegroup.Nobodythoughthewouldwin.Thenthegamestarted.Alloftheboystriedtheirbesttoclimbas54aspossible.AlthoughtheotherboysclimbedfasterthanDavidinthe55，hereachedthetopofthetreefastestintheend.Hismotherwasproud（自豪的）.Sheaskedhim，"David，howdidyougettothetopofthetreeso56？""Itwaseasy，"Davidsaid."Theotherchildrenkept57downastheyclimbed.Whentheyrealizedhowhightheywere，theywereafraidoffallingdown.However，Ionlylookedup.WhenIsawhowcloseIwas，Ikeptgoinghigherandhigher58Ireachedthetop."Itistrueinlifethatifwejustkeepgoingforward59lookingback，wearemorelikelytoreachourgoals（目标）.七、书面表达（本大题共1小题）60．人人都有理想，而每个人的理想又不尽相同。有人想当白衣天使，帮助世人摆脱疾病的困扰；有人想成为人民卫士，惩恶扬善，除暴安良；还有人想做科学家，致力科技发明，让世界变得更美好。为了解学生未来的职业规划，某校针对Whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup？这一话题，对1，000名学生做了问卷调查，下图是统计结果。请你用两段话写一篇短文，第一段简要说明图表内容，第二段从图表中选出你的理想职业，并结合自己的经历，谈谈为什么你会有这样的理想。要求：1）词数60词以上；2）句首已给出，不计入总词数；3）文中不得出现真实的人名、校名。Ourschooldidasurveyamong1，000studentsaboutwhatyouwanttobewhenyougrowup.Herearetheresults.

答案【正确答案】1．B2．F3．C4．E5．G【分析】对话中主要讲了寒假做家务的计划。【详解】1．结合下文，No，Idon't.（不，我没有。）结合选项，判断空格处要表达的含义为"你有什么计划吗？"答案是B。2．结合下文，Goodidea.（好主意。）结合选项，判断空格处要表达的含义为"和你的家人做一些家务怎么样？"答案是F。3．结合上文，Whatcanwedo？（我们可以做什么？）结合选项，判断空格处要表达的含义为"有太多我们可以做的。"答案是C。4．结合下文，Yes，wecansharethehouseworkwithourfamilymembers.（是的，我们可以和家人一起分担家务。）结合选项，判断空格处要表达的含义为"做家务非常有意义。"答案是E。5．结合下文，Let'sdoit.（咱们去做吧。）结合选项，判断空格处要表达的含义为"另外，做家务让我们开心。"答案是G。【正确答案】6．B7．A8．C9．B10．C11．A12．B13．A【分析】文章主要讲述了作者在13岁生日那天得到了父母的礼物，一个烤箱，并在那天用它做了一个蛋糕回馈父母。【详解】6．名词辨析。句意为：今天我的梦想实现了。A事件；B梦想；C许诺。根据my...camealwaysonmydreamlist.Todaymy...cametrue.（烘焙一直是我的梦想。今天我的……实现了。）可知是"梦想"实现了。答案是B。7．介词辨析。句意为：我父母送给我一个烤箱作为我13岁生日礼物。A作为；B朝着；C为了。根据oven...mysgavemeanoven...my13-year-oldbirthdaygift.（我父母送给我一个烤箱……我13岁生日礼物。）可知是作为我13岁生日礼物。答案是A。8．动词短语辨析。句意为：我迫不及待地开始烘焙。A组成；B帮助……做事；C开始从事。can'twaittodosth.，迫不及待做某事，固定搭配。takeup意为“开始从事……”。结合句意可知是迫不及待地开始做烘焙。答案是C。9．动词辨析。句意为：接下来我把混合物倒进蛋糕模具，把模具放进烤箱。A摇晃；B倒；C服务。结合句意可知是把混合物倒进蛋糕模具。答案是B。10．动词短语辨析。句意为：然后我打开了烤箱。A寻找；B调小；C打开。根据I...theI...theoven（然后我……烤箱。）可知是打开烤箱。答案是C。11．考查代词。句意为：我用刀切成小块，请父母尝尝。A它；B它是；C他们。根据Fortyminuteslater，mycakewasdone.（40分钟后，我的蛋糕做好了。）可知用it代替蛋糕。答案是A。12．副词辨析。句意为：他们都认为蛋糕很好吃。A所有；B两者都；C几乎不。根据invitedmyparentstohaveataste（请我父母尝尝）可知这里用both，指代作者的父母。答案是B。13．形容词短语辨析。句意为：但是有点太甜了，因为我放了太多的糖。A太多；B太多；C一点。根据ButitwasmuchtoosweetbecauseIput...sugar（但是有点太甜了，因为我放了……的糖。）sugar是不可数名词，用toomuch修饰，这里指太多糖。答案是A。【正确答案】14．B15．C16．A17．C18．B【分析】短文是两封聚会邀请。【详解】14．细节理解题。根据IamgoingtohaveabigpartynextSaturdayatmyhouse（下星期六我要在家里举办一个大型聚会，）可知在她的家里。答案是B。15．细节理解题。根据mymotherisgoingtomakeacake（我妈妈将做一个蛋糕，）可知将要做蛋糕。答案是C。16．细节理解题。根据I'mhavingabigpartyonFriday.（在周五我要举行一个大型聚会。）可知卡洛琳的派对是在周五。答案是A。17．细节理解题。根据Wewillgoswimming.Mydadwillmakehamburgers.Afterdinner，wecanputupthetentandcampoutallnight.（我们将要去游泳。我爸爸将要做汉堡包。晚饭后，我们可以搭起帐篷，整夜露营。）可知卡洛琳的客人在派对上不能看电视。答案是C。18．细节理解题。根据Ihopetoseeyouthen.（我希望到时候能见到你。）和Ihopeyoucancomeover.（我希望你能过来。）可知为了邀请朋友参加他们的聚会。答案是B。【关键点拨】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。【正确答案】19．C20．C21．A22．C23．A【分析】本文通过一场特殊的考试来启示我们，要相信自己。【详解】19．推理判断题。根据第一段"soIwillgiveaBifyoudon'twanttotakethetest."Twenty-fivestudentsthankedtheteacherandleft.（"所以，如果你们不想参加考试，我会给你们一个B。"二十五名学生向老师道谢后离开了。）可知，不参加考试也可以获得B，所以学生们离开教室是因为他们不相信自己会得到分数更高的成绩。答案是C。20．推理判断题。根据第一段Twenty-fivestudentsthankedtheteacherandleft.Theteacherlookedattheotherstudentsandasked，"Anyoneelse？"Twomorestudentsleft.Sevenstudentsstayed.（25名学生感谢了老师，然后离开了。老师看着其他学生，问："还有人吗？"又有两名学生离开了。七名学生留下了。）可知，班级的总人数为25+2+7＝34。答案是C。21．词义猜测题。根据第一段Therewereonlysomesentencesonit：Congratulations！YouhavereceivedanA．Keepbelievinginyourself.（上面只有几句话：恭喜你了A。继续相信自己。）可知，此处指你已经收到A。画线词意为"收到"。答案是A。22．推理判断题。根据最后一段TheAstudentsalwaysbelieveinwhattheyaredoing.（A学生总是相信自己在做什么。）可知答案。答案是C。23．最佳标题题。通读文章可知，文章通过一场特殊的考试来启示我们要相信自己。答案是A。【关键点拨】阅读题型，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解。根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题。【正确答案】24．F25．D26．E27．B28．A【分析】本文主要讲述了俞伯牙与钟子期的故事。【详解】24．根据AfterZhongZiqidied，YuBoyabrokehisguqinandneverplayedit.（钟子期死后，俞伯牙把他的古琴弄坏了，再也不弹了。）可知俞伯牙用实际行动证明了两人的友谊。F项"他们的故事告诉我们友谊的意义不在言语上，而在行动上。"符合题意。答案是F。25．根据Afriendissomeonewhoknowsusbetterthanothersdo（朋友是比其他人更了解我们的人。）可知讲的是与朋友的关系。D项"朋友也是我们遇到困难时可以信任的人。"符合题意。答案是D。26．根据Duringthosetimes，weneedafriendtogivesomeadvicetohelpus.（在那些时候，我们需要一个朋友给我们一些建议来帮助我们。）可知说的是困境中朋友如何帮助我们。E项"每个人都会经历困难时期，有时会感到不安。"符合题意。答案是E。27．根据Butwithfriends，youcangoouttoenjoymanykindsofactivities.（但是和朋友在一起，你可以出去享受各种各样的活动。）可知可以和朋友在一起参加丰富的活动。B项"朋友可以使我们的生活多姿多彩。"符合题意。答案是B。28．根据Wehardlyseeitsmeaningunlessweloseit.（除非我们失去了它，否则我们几乎看不到它的意义。）可知说的是朋友的重要性。A项"真正的友谊就像健康。"符合题意。答案是A。【正确答案】29．good30．sale31．planned32．discussion33．closer【分析】本文主要讲述了4月23日的世界读书日，作者在图书馆里度过一整天，享受阅读的事情。【详解】29．根据第一段Thus，itwasagoodchancetospendthewholedayinthelibraryenjoyingreadingonWorldReadingDayonApril23rd.（因此，在4月23日的世界读书日，这是一个在图书馆享受一整天阅读的好机会。）可知作者在图书馆度过了愉快的一天。haveagoodday意为“愉快的一天”。答案是good。30．根据第二段quiteafewpeoplewerewaitinginlinetobuythebooksonsale.（一堆人排队在买廉价出售的中。）可知，一堆人排队在买廉价出售的书。onsale意为“打折出售”。答案是sale。31．根据第三段wemadeaplantolookthroughtheclassificationsofthebooks（我们打算去浏览一下书的分类），此处planto意为“计划去……”，含义等同于makeaplan。句子为一般过去时。答案是planned。32．根据第三段wealsotooknotescarefullyafteradiscussion.（我们在经过讨论后作了一些笔记。）discussion意为“讨论”。答案是discussion。33．根据第三段Theytoldusthatwehelpedthemtogetclosertothefamouspets（他们告诉我们帮助他们向著名诗人离得更近。）getcloserto意为“更贴近”。答案是closer。【正确答案】34．许多中国青少年和英国青少年有着同样的担忧；35．23percent.；36．Tosolvetheproblemsinsociallife，studyandemotionalChineseteenagershave.；37．thestudentsinTsinghuaUniversityHighSchool；38．Bullying.；39．Icandevelopgoodhabits，takeupsomehobbiesandbeactive.【分析】本文主要讲了青少年面临的诸多担忧，以及为了解决这些问题，学校采取了一些措施。【详解】34．ManyChineseteenagers意为“很多中国青少年”；share意为“分享”，拥有；similarworries意为“类似的担忧”；with意为“和”；theBritishteenagers意为“英国青少年”。答案是许多中国青少年和英国青少年有着同样的担忧。35．根据图表内容可知英国青少年担心来自同龄人的压力占比23%。答案是23percent.36．根据ArecentresearchshowsthatmanyChineseteenagershaveproblemsinsociallife，studyandemotional（情感）.Tosolvetheproblems，someschoolscameupwiththeideaofhappinesseducation.（最近的一项研究表明，许多中国青少年在社会生活、学习和情感方面存在问题。为了解决这些问题，一些学校提出了幸福教育的想法。）可知一些学校提出了幸福教育的想法是为了解决中国青少年在社会生活、学习和情感方面中存在的问题。答案是Tosolvetheproblemsinsociallife，studyandemotionalChineseteenagershave.37．根据Forexample，TsinghuaUniversityHighSchooltriedtomeet（迎合）students'needs.Itbuiltaskatingrink（溜冰场）anddifferentlaboratories（实验室）todeveloptheirinterests.（例如，清华大学附中试图满足学生的需求。它建造了一个溜冰场和不同的实验室来培养他们的兴趣。）可知their代指清华大学附中的学生。答案是thestudentsinTsinghuaUniversityHighSchool。38．题目问：在生活中你主要担心什么，针对图表中青少年的问题选择其一即可。答案是Bullying.39．根据TheprofessorNadiaLovettfromAustraliabelievesstudents，habits，hobbiesandattitudetowardlife（对待生活的态度）allplayaroleintheirhappiness.（来自澳大利亚的NadiaLovett教授认为，学生、习惯、爱好和生活态度都对他们的幸福起着作用。）可知让自己放松和快乐可以改变习惯、培养爱好以及对生活积极。答案是Icandevelopgoodhabits，takeupsomehobbiesandbeactive.【正确答案】40．but41．less42．spend43．they44．Second45．to46．able47．pollution48．one49．will【分析】本文讲述了对未来生活的预测。【详解】40．考查连词。句意为：没有人知道准确的答案，但我们确信它和如今的生活有很大不同。根据句意可知空处表转折。答案是：but。41．考查形容词。句意为：第一，人们要做的工作更少，机器人会做大部分工作。根据robotswilldomostwork（机器人会做大部分工作），可知人们要做的工作更少，work是不可数名词，用less（更少的）修饰。答案是：less。42．考查动词。句意为：人们会花更多时间锻炼。根据句意可知此处用固定短语spend...doingsth.（花费……做某事），助动词will后用动词原形。答案是：spend。43．考查代词。句意为：所以人们会变得更强壮更健康，他们会活到大约2百岁。根据peoplewillbecomestrongerandhealthier（人们会变得更强壮更健康），可知此处是说"人们"会活到大约2百岁，为避免重复，用代词they指代people。答案是：they。44．考查数词。句意为：第二，汽车会变得更小，电脑会控制它们的速度。根据前文的First（第一）和后面的Third（第三），可知此处用Second，表示"第二"。答案是：Second。45．考查不定式。句意为：很多人想被送入空间站。wouldliketodosth.意为“想要做某事”，固定句型。答案是：to。46．考查形容词。句意为：人们能在海洋里、月球上和火星上生活。根据句意可知，此处用beableto，表示"能够"。答案是：able。47．考查名词。句意为：污染会更少，空气会变得更清新。根据theairwillbecomefresher（空气会变得更清新），可知污染更少，pollution是不可数名词。答案是：pollution。48．考查代词。句意为：最后，缺水将是最严重的问题之一。根据句意可知，此处用固定结构oneofthe+形容词最高级+复数名词，最……的……之一。答案是：one。49．考查助动词。句意为：如果现在人们不节约用水，50年后水会更少。条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，结构为will+动词原形。答案是：will。【正确答案】50．is51．decided52．children53．theshortest54．high55．beginning56．quickly57．looking58．until59．unless【分析】本文通过一群孩子爬树的故事说明，在实现目标的过程中，要一直向前，不要回头，就能实现目标。【详解】50．考查动词。句意为：爬上顶峰真令人兴奋！主语It是第三人称单数，空后是形容词，这里应用be动词is和后面