新视野大学英语视听说教程第二版第三册答案

./Unit1

Enjoythecolorfulcampuslife!

II.BasicListeningPractice

Keys:1.C2.D3.B4.D5.A

III.ListeningIn

Task1:Onthefirstday

Keys:

<1>thefirstday

<2>changing

<3>reallygood

<4>hardworkers

<5>wentoverherhead

<6>explained

<7>notes

<8>Wednesday

<9>participation

<10>education

Task2:Howtoselectelectivecourses?

Keys:

<1>extratraining

<2>chemistry

<3>accounting

<4>manyfieldsofstudy

<5>betterpotential

<6>businessdegree

<7>challenging

<8>howtolearn

<9>betterunderstanding

<10>narrow-minded

Task3:HowtogetstraightA's?

Keys:1.B2.C3.D4.A5.D

IV.SpeakingOut

MODEL1

MODEL2

MODEL3

V.Let?ˉsTalk

Task1:Maintainingthequalityorincreasingtheintake?

Keys:

<1>quality

<2>young

<3>25

<4>difficult

<5>government

<6>quality

<7>cut

<8>extra-cautious

<9>afford

<10>experience

<11>more

<12>blame

<13>budget

<14>puzzled

<15>service

Task2:What'syouranswer?

Accordingtotheinterviewee,

it'sdifficulttostrikeabalancebetweenmaintainingtheeducationalqualityandmakingsureasmanypeopleaspossiblereceiveuniversityeducation.

Inthepastyears,Chinahasbeenconfrontedwiththesameproblem.

Theuniversityenrollmenthasbeenontheincreaseandsomeinstitutionsofhigherlearningdonothaveenoughteachersandteachingfacilities,

thusaffectingtheeducationalquality.

Task3:Let'sgroupwork!

VI.FurtherListeningandSpeaking

ListeningTask:

Task1:Problemswithoureducationalsystem

Script:

Hi,everybody.Mytopictodayis"Problemswithoureducationalsystem".

Idisagreeonalotofthewaysthatthingshavehappenedforalongtimeinoureducationalsystem.

Itseemsthateducatorsjustwanttogivestandardizedtests,

whichfocusonlyonacademicperformanceandneglectstudents'abilitiesandinterestinotherareas.

Ithinktherearealotofpeoplewhoareveryintelligent,

buthaven'thadtheopportunitiestheycouldhavehadiftheyhadlearnedinabroader-mindededucationalsystem.

Ifeelthatalotofcoursesthatstudentsarerequiredtotakeinhighschoolaretooacademic,and,asaresult,

manykidshavelosttheirinterestinlearning.Educatorsoftenfailtorecognizevariouskindsofintelligence.

Theysimplyexertalotofpressureonstudentstobeaswell-roundedaspossible.

Ithinkbeingwell-roundedisn'treallypossible.

Andasaconsequence,somestudentsIbelievetobeintelligentcan'tgetintogoodcollegesifthey,

youknow,haven'tscoredwellonthemathsection,eveniftheyarebrilliantwriters.

Anotherthingthatdisturbsmeisthattheso-calledweakstudentsareseparatedfromtherestoftheschool.

Somekidsarekeptinaseparateclassiftheirgradesarelowerthanothers'.

Andthey'reveryawareoftheirsocialposition,youknow.

Ithinkitcausesthemtoactinawaythatisnotreallypositive.

They'rejustactinginawaytheyareexpected.Oftentheirgradesgofrombadtoworse.Andthat'sprettysad.

Ithinkthatmanyofthekidsinthoseclassesareintelligent,

buttheyneveractuallyrealizetheirpotentialbecauseofthewaytheyaretreatedearlyonintheireducation.

Keys:

<1>standardizedtests

<2>abilitiesandinterest

<3>interest

<4>pressure

<5>well-rounded

<6>getintogoodcolleges

<7>therestoftheschool

<8>frombadtoworse

Task2:Thefinalexam

Script

Atauniversity,therewerefoursophomorestakingachemistrycourse.

Theyweredoingsowellonallthequizzes,midterms,labs,etc.thateachhadan"A"sofarforthesemester.

Thesefourfriendsweresoconfidentthatontheweekendbeforethefinal,

theydecidedtogouptotheUniversityofVirginiaandpartywithsomefriendsthere.

Theyhadagreattimeanddidn'tmakeitbacktoschooluntilearlyMondaymorning.

Ratherthantakingthefinalthen,

theydecidedtofindtheirprofessorafterthefinalandexplaintohimwhytheymissedit.

Theyexplainedthattheyhadplannedtocomebackintimeforthefinalexam,but,

unfortunately,theyhadaflattireonthewaybackanddidn'thaveaspare.

Asaresult,theymissedthefinal.

Theprofessorthoughtitoverandthenagreedtheycouldmakeupthefinalthefollowingday.

Theguyswererelievedandelated.

Thenextday,theprofessorplacedtheminseparaterooms,handedeachofthemapaper,andtoldthemtobegin.

Theylookedatthefirstproblem,worthfivepoints.

Itwasasimplequestiononachemicalreaction.

"Cool,"theyallthoughtatthesametime,eachoneinhisseparateroom,"thisisgoingtobeeasy."

Eachfinishedtheproblemandthenturnedthepage.

Onthesecondpagewasaquestionworth95points:"Whichofthetireswasflat?"

Keys:

<1>course

<2>quizzes

<3>semester

<4>confident

<5>party

<6>make

<7>missed

<8>theyhadaflattireonthewaybackanddidn'thaveaspare

<9>placedtheminseparaterooms,handedeachofthemapaper

<10>Onthesecondpagewasaquestionworth

Task3:HarvardUniversity

Script

HarvardUniversityistheoldestinstituteofhigherlearningintheUnitedStates.

Founded16yearsafterthearrivalofthePilgrimsatPlymouth,

theuniversityhasgrownfromninestudentswithasinglemastertothepresentenrollmentofmorethan21,000students,

includingundergraduatesandstudentsin10graduateandprofessionalschools.

Over14,000peopleworkatHarvard,includingmorethan2,100facultymembers.

HarvardhasproducedeightAmericanpresidentsandmanyNobelPrizewinners.

Duringitsearlyyears,HarvardofferedaclassicacademiccoursebasedonthemodelofEnglishuniversities,

butconsistentwiththeprevailingPuritanphilosophy.

AlthoughmanyofitsearlygraduatesbecameministersinPuritanchurchesthroughoutNewEngland,

theuniversitywasneverformallyaffiliatedwithaspecificreligiousgroup.

UnderPresidentPusey,HarvardstartedwhatwasthenthelargestfundraisingcampaigninthehistoryofAmericanhighereducation.

Itwasan82.5-million-dollarprogramfortheuniversity.

Theprogramincreasedfacultysalaries,broadenedstudentaid,creatednewprofessorships,

andexpandedHarvard'sphysicalfacilities.

NeiIL.RudenstinetookofficeasHarvard's26thpresidentin1991.

Aspartofanoverallefforttoachievegreatercoordinationamongtheuniversity'sschoolsandfaculties,

RudenstineencouragedacademicplanningandidentifiedsomeofHarvard'smainintellectualpriorities.

Healsostressedtheimportanceoftheuniversity'sexcellenceinundergraduateeducation,

thesignificanceofkeepingHarvard'sdoorsopentostudentsfromfamiliesofdifferenteconomicbackgrounds,

andthetaskofadaptingtheresearchuniversitytoaneraofbothrapidinformationgrowthandseriousfundshortage.

Keys:1.B2.A3.C4.D5.D

Viewingandspeaking:

Task1:Universitybudgetcuts

Script

Host:Well,DavidLammy,theUniversityMinister,joinsmefromWestminster.

Nowthanksforjoiningusthislunchtime,

Mr.Lammy.Howdothesecuts...tieinwithyourmuchtrumpetedcommitmenttoincreasinghighereducation?

Interviewee:Well,Ithinkit'simportanttoremindviewersthatwewillspendwellover12billionpoundsonhighereducationthisyearandtoalsosaythattherewillbemorestudentsatuniversitynextyearthaneverbeforeinourhistory.

Butwhatisimportantisthatwhentheygettouniversity,isthattheyhavegoodfacilities,goodbuildings,

thattheyhavegoodcontactwiththeirlecturersand,forstudentsfrompoorerbackgroundsthattheyreceiveagrant.

Andyouknow40percentofstudentswhoaregoingtouniversityareinreceiptofsomegrants.Sowehavetoplan...

Host:Butthere'sgoingtobelessmoneynextyear.That'sthebottomline,isn'tit?

Interviewee:Er,weareaskinguniversitiestomakeaonepercentcutintheirteachinggrant.

That's51millionoutofatotalbudgetofoverfivebillion.

Look,IthinktherearefamiliesacrossthecountrypreparingforChristmasspendingabitlessandthey're,

youknow,it'salotmorethanonepercentthatthey're,they'refeeling.

SoIthinkthisisreasonabletoaskuniversitiesifwearetoensurethatwecancontinuetosendmoreyoungpeopletouniversityandweremaincommittedtothat.

Host:Andbriefly,whataboutthesetwo-yeardegrees?Thisisareductioninstandards,isn'tit?

Interviewee:Well,we,we,we...It'simportantinthiscountrythatwerememberthatstudentsaren'tjusttheclassic18-to21-year-oldundergraduates.

Wewantmaturestudents.Wewantmoreparttimestudentsandoverthelastfewyearswe'vebeengrowingthenumberoffoundationdegree,

two-yeardegreesthatensurethattransitionintohighuniversityandhighlevelskills.

That'swhatwewanttosupportandthat'swhatwe'reindicatinginthegrantletterthatwe'vesenttouniversitiesoverthelastfewdays.

Host:OK.DavidLammy,thankyousomuchforjoiningus.

Interviewee:Thankyou.

Keys:

<1>increasing

<2>12/twelve

<3>more

<4>facilities

<5>lecturers

<6>poorer

<7>grant

<8>one

<9>budget

<10>less

<11>young

<12>classic

<13>part-time

<14>growing

<15>two-year

Task2:Talkafterviewing

Script

Therewillbemorestudentsatuniversitiesnextyearthaneverbeforeinourhistory.

Whentheygettouniversity,theyhavegoodfacilities,goodbuildings,aswellasgoodcontactwiththeirlecturers.

Studentsfrompoorerbackgroundsreceiveagrant.

40percentofstudentswhoaregoingtouniversitywillreceivesomesortofgrant.

Unit1test

PartI

Keys:1.A2.B3.D4.B5.D

PartII

<1>for

<2>with

<3>opportunity

<4>tuition

<5>explore

<6>encounter

<7>adventure

<8>Aswithanycountry,itisnotadvisabletocarrylargeamountsofcasharoundwithyou

<9>Traveler'schecksareoneofthesafestandeasiestwaystotransportmoney,becauseyoumayhavethemreplacediftheygetlostorstolen

<10>Itiswisetobringabout$100withyouinU.S.cash,soyouwillbeabletomanageuponyourarrivalintheStates

PartIII

1.C2.A3.B4.D5.A

PartIV

1.C2.A3.A4.D5.C6.B7.A8.C9.B10.CUint2

Ourglobeisindanger!

I.Leadin

Task1:

sandstorm;airpollution;deforestation

waterpollution;meltingpolaricecap;lightpollution

drought;desertification;littering

II.BasicListeningPractice

Keys:1.B2.D3.A4.A5.C

III.ListeningIn

Task1:Weshouldhaveproperrespectfornature!

Script:

Martha:Doyouthinkmostpeopleinyourculturerespectnature?

Ed:Ithinkso.Um...morenowthanbefore.

Martha:Whatdoyouthinkisthemostseriousenvironmentalproblemintheworldtoday?

Ed:Today...Ithinkdamagetotheozonelayerisabigproblem,andanotherproblemispollutioninbigcitiesandthingslikethat.

Martha:Howdoyoulearnaboutenvironmentalproblems?

Ed:Um...throughschool.Alotofclubspromoteenvironmentalsafety,andsomeTVprograms,too.Theytalkaboutenvironmentalsafetyandstufflikethat.

Martha:Doyouthinkstudentsshouldlearnmoreabouttheenvironmentatschool?

Ed:Ithinkso.So,astheygrowolder,theycanbemoreawareofalltheproblemsthataregoingon,andalsotopreventmoreproblemsfromoccurring.

Martha:Ifyoucouldcreateanewlawtohelptheenvironment,whatwoulditbe?

Ed:Anewlawfortheenvironment?Um...I'dprobablysaythatwhenpeoplethrowawaytheircigarettebutts,theyhavetothrowthemintothegarbagebin,notjustthrowthemeverywherebecauseit'sjustlitteringandIhatethat.Sotheyshouldbefinediftheythrowthemonthefloororontheground.

Martha:That'sagoodidea.Whatdoyoupersonallydotohelpprotecttheenvironment?

Ed:I'msoagainstlittering.Ineverlitter.IfIseesomebodylitter,Igetreallyangry.SoIalwaysthrowmytrashintothegarbagebin.

Keys:

<1>nature

<2>environmentalproblem

<3>pollution

<4>promote

<5>awareof

<6>fromoccurring

<7>law

<8>throwaway

<9>fined

<10>trash

Task2:Riverpollution

Script:

Ifyouseedeadfishfloatingontheriverornoticethatthewaterisdiscoloredandsmelly,

youknowtheriverhasbeenpolluted,andtherearefourmainpossiblecausesforit.

First,fertilizer.Iflargeamountsoffertilizerorfarmwastedrainintoariver,theconcentrationsofnitrateandphosphateinthewaterincreaseconsiderably.Algaeusethesesubstancestogrowrapidly,turningthewatergreen.

Thismassivegrowthofalgaeleadstopollution.Whenthealgaedie,theyarebrokendownbytheactionofthebacteria,whichquicklymultiply,usingupalltheoxygeninthewaterandthereforecausingthedeathoffish.

Second,industrialwaste.Factoriessometimesdischargechemicalwasteintorivers.Examplesofsuchpollutantsincludecyanide,lead,copper,andmercury.Thesesubstancesmayenterthewaterinsuchhighconcentrationsthatfishandotheranimalsarekilledimmediately.Sometimesthepollutantsenterthefoodchainandaccumulateuntiltheyreachtoxiclevels,eventuallykillingfishandotheranimals.

Third,oilpollution.Ifoilentersaslow-movingriver,itformsarainbow-coloredfilmovertheentiresurface,preventingoxygenfromenteringthewater.

Fourth,warmwater.Industryoftenuseswaterforcoolingprocesses,sometimesdischarginglargequantitiesofwarmwaterbackintorivers.Ahighertemperatureofthewaterlowersthelevelofdissolvedoxygenandupsetsthebalanceoflifeinthewater.

Keys:1.D2.A3.B4.C5.D

Task3:Curbingcarbonemissions

Script:

Althoughitisnotaneasytask,ChinaisstrivingtofulfillthepromisetocutitscarbondioxideemissionsperunitofGDPby40to45percentinthenext10years.

ZhangGuobao,DirectoroftheNationalEnergyAdministration,said,"Thegovernmentputsgreatemphasisonseekingharmoniousdevelopmentbetweencitiesandtheenvironment,andisreadjustingtheenergystructurebygivingprioritytothedevelopmentofcleanandlow-carbonenergies,includinghydroelectric,nuclear,wind,andsolarpower."

Governmentauthoritieshaveclosedsmall,coal-firedplantswithatotalcapacityof60.06millionkilowattsinthepastfouryears.Thisyear'stargetofclosing10millionkilowattsofcapacitywillbeachievedbyAugust.

"Wehavepromisedtotheinternationalcommunitythat15percentofourpowerwillbegeneratedfromnonfossilsourcesby2020,"DirectorZhangsaid.Atpresent,non-fossilenergyaccountsforonly7.8percent.

Chinaismakingeffortstoincreasetheproportionofcleanenergyinitstotalenergyconsumption.StatisticsshowthatChinainvestedUS$34.6billionincleanenergylastyear,exceedingtheUnitedStateswhichinvestedUS$18.6billion.Thus,Chinahasbecometheworldleaderingeneratingcleanenergy.Fiveyearsearlier,China'sinvestmentincleanenergywasonlyUS$2.5billion.

However,China'scarbonemissionreductiontargetcannotbeachievedeasily.Theshifttoalow-carboneconomymightbemetatacosttosociety.Forinstance,morethan400,000peoplewerelaidoffasaresultoftheshutdownofsmallcoal-firedpowerplantsinthepastfouryears.ManystudiesindicatethattheefforttocurbgreenhousegasemissionsmaydelayChina'sdevelopment,affectpeople'sincome,andleadtounemployment.

Keys:1.D2.D3.A4.B5.C

IV.SpeakingOut

MODEL1

MODEL2

MODEL3

V.Let?ˉsTalk

Task1:Disappointmentoverclimatenegotiations

Keys:

1>doesn'treallyactuallycommitanyonetodoinganything,

2>theatmospheresimplecan'ttakethekindofemissionswe'vebeenseeinginthebusiness-as-usualscenarioandthere'snorealcommitmenttochangethat.

3>There'snorealcommitmenttoputseriousmoneyonthetable

4>It'snotbackedbyaction,

5>Itdoesnotconstitutea...adeal.

6>It'sahollowshell

7>itlacksanythingonemissionscuts

8>There'snoguaranteethattherewillbenewmoney,thatthemoneywillbereal,thatthere'sactuallyacommitmenttogetthere,orthatitwillbechanneledinnewways,

Task2:What'syouranswer?Twospeakersholdanegativeattitudetowardtheworldclimateconference.

Task3:Let'sgroupwork!

Developedcountriesshouldbearmoreresponsibilities.

First,theycausedmostoftheworldpollutionintheirindustrializationprocess.

Second,theyarealreadyeconomicallyadvanced,withmorefundstodealwithpollutionproblems.

Ontheotherhand,developingcountriescausedlesspollutioninthepast,andnowtheyneedrapiddevelopment.

Therefore,aninternationalagreementtheKyotoProtocolin1997stipulatedcommonbutdifferentiatedresponsibilitiesfordevelopedanddevelopingnations,whichmeansthatbothshouldberesponsibleforenvironmentalprotectionandcutcarbondioxideemissions,buttheformermusttakemoreresponsibility.

Recently,however,somewealthycountrieshaveinsistedthatdevelopingcountrieslikeChinashouldshouldermoreresponsibilities.

VI.FurtherListeningandSpeaking

ListeningTask:

Task1:Theenvironmentandthedevelopment

Script:

Li:Hi,ProfessorWang.

I'mLiLin,acorrespondentfortheuniversitynewspaper.

Thestaffandstudentsherearegettingmoreandmoreinterestedintherelationshipbetweentheenvironmentandeconomicdevelopment.

Whatdoyouthinkisthemostseriousenvironmentalproblematpresent?Whatmeasuresshouldweadopttoimprovetheenvironmentanddeveloptheeconomyatthesametime?

Wang:Therearemanyenvironmentalproblems:airpollution,waterpollution,desertification,overfishing,destructionofnaturalhabitats,acidrain,overconsumptionofwildanimalsandplants,etc.Butlyingatthecenterofallthoseproblems,asIseeit,isthecontradictionbetweeneconomicgrowthandtheenvironment.

SincetheUnitedNationsEarthSummitin1992,growingnumberofpeopleandgovernmentshaveadoptedthenewideaof"sustainabledevelopment".Thismeanstoday'seconomicgrowthshouldnotwipeouttheresourcesandoptionsforfuturegenerations.Planninganddevelopmentshouldensurenotonlyeconomicgrowth,butalsosocialadvancementandenvironmentalhealth.Inotherwords,someeconomicbehaviormustberestrictedorcontrolled.Instillingprinciplesofsustainabledevelopmentintogovernmentplanning,resourcemanagementandeconomicpolicyisthemostimportantstepChinacantaketosolveitsenvironmentalproblems.

Chinahasalreadytakensomeremarkablestepstoreducedamagetotheenvironment.Forinstance,followingthehugefloodsof1998,thegovernmentbannedloggingintheupperreachesoftheYangtzeRiverinordertoprotectforestsandreducetheriskoffloods.

Still,thebasiccontradictionbetweentheenvironmentanddevelopmentpersists.Muchworkistobedonebeforewecanachievetheaimofabalancebetweeneconomicgrowthandtheenvironment.

Keys:

<1>waterpollution

<2>overconsumption

<3>economicgrowth

<4>resources

<5>socialadvancement

<6>restricted

<7>governmentplanning

<8>economicpolicy

<9>remarkablesteps

<10>balance

Task2:ThickcloudofpollutioncoveringsouthernAsia

Script

AUnitedNationsstudysaysathickcloudofpollutioncoveringsouthernAsiathreatensthelivesofmillionsofpeople.Scientistssaythepollutioncouldincreaselungdiseaseandcauseearlydeath.Thecloudisalsodamagingagricultureandaffectingrainfalllevels.IthasaffectedmanycountriesinsouthernAsia.Thepollutioncloudisthreekilometershigh.Scientistssayitcanmovehalfwayaroundtheworldinaweek.

Thecloudistheresultofforestfires,theburningofagriculturalwaste,andhugeincreasesintheburningoffuelsbyvehicles,industries,andpowerstations.

Pollutionfrommillionsofbadcookingstoveshasmadetheproblemworse.

Manypoorpeopleburnfuelslikewoodandanimalwasteinsuchstoves.

Scientistssaythecloudofpollutionappearstocoolthelandandoceansbyblockingsunlight.

TheysayitreducestheamountofsunlightreachingtheEarth'ssurfacebyasmuchas15percent.

Atthesametime,heatinsidethecloudwarmsthelowerpartsoftheatmosphere.

Harmfulchemicalsfromthecloudaremixingwithrainfall.

Thisacidraindamagescropsandtreesandthreatenspublichealth.

Scientistsareconcernedthatthepollutionwillintensifyduringthenext30yearsasthepopulationofAsiaincreasestoanestimated5,000millionpeople.

Keys:1.D2.B3.A4.C5.C

Task3:Mountainregionsfaceanumberofdangers

Script

Mountainpeoplearoundtheworldareingreatdangerofthenegativeeffectsoftheworseningenvironment,accordingtoaUNreport.

Asglobalwarminganddeforestationaccelerateandtechnologymakeswilderplacesmoreaccessible,environmentalandsocialpressuresontheworld'sremotestregionsincrease.

TheUNhasfoundthatmanymountainousregions—inhabitedbyoneoutoffiveoftheworld'speople—arebarelyrecognizablewhentheyarecomparedtowhattheywerelike60yearsago.

Thisismostlybecauseforestswerecuttomakewayforcattlegrazingandagriculture.

TheauthorsoftheUNstudyexpect98percentofthemountainareastoexperiencesevereclimatechangeby2055.

Biologicallossesareexpectedtobeheavy.

ThemountainsofEurope,partsofCaliforniaandthenorthwestAndesinSouthAmericaareamongthemostthreatenedmountainareasintheworldandshouldbegivenpriorityinconservation.

TheUNisanxioustoraiseawarenessoftheproblemsfacingmountainareasbecausetheyareinhabitedbysomeofthemostvulnerablepeople.

Thesepeoplecouldlosetheircultureandtheirlivelihoodwitheventhesmallestshiftsinclimate.

Atthesametime,manymountainregionsarelosingpeople.ThousandsofvillagesinEuropearedesertedmostoftheyear.

InotherareaslikeNepal,peoplearedriftingtothecitiesinsearchofwork.

Keys:

<1>negative

<2>report

<3>warming

<4>pressures

<5>mountainous

<6>barely

<7>makewayfor

<8>expect98percentofthemountainareastoexperiencesevereclimatechangeby2055

<9>TheUNisanxioustoraiseawarenessoftheproblemsfacingmountainareas

<10>ThousandsofvillagesinEuropearedesertedmostoftheyear

Viewingandspeaking:

Task1:Santa'shometownindanger

Script

Weatherexpertsmayhavefoundanewproblemcausedbyglobalwarming,onewhichmanypeoplewillpayattentionto:TherearesignsthatSanta'shomeintheNorthmaybeintroublebecauseofwarmertemperatures.

TheFinnishtownofRovaniemiontheArcticCircle,whichmanyEuropeanssayisthehomeofSantaClaus,hashaditswarmestwinterin40years.

Asaresult,therehasbeenmuchlesssnowthanusual—meaningnosnowmen,nosnowballs,andpossiblynotenoughsnowforSantatoridehissleighon.

Moreimportantforlocalresidents,itmaymeanfewertourists,aswell.Santa'swintryhometownnormallyattractsthousandsofvisitorseachyear,andmillionsofdollars.

AnnePelttari-Bergman,thetown'stouristdirector,worriesthatthetowncouldbeintroubleifsnowlevelsdonotreturntonormal.

Sheexplains:"Snowisreallyimportantforus,ofcourse,forSantaClaus,forChristmastourism,andalsoforourwintertourismbecausewinterisourbestseason.Itisreallyimportantforus."

Weatherexpertsandtownresidentsarehopingthiswarmwinterisanone-timething.FewpeoplecanimagineaholidaywhenevenSantadoesnothaveawhiteChristmas.

Keys:

<1>signs

<2>warmertemperatures

<3>warmest

<4>snow

<5>attracts

<6>trouble

<7>normal

<8>season

<9>one-time

<10>white

Task2:Talkafterviewing

Script

TheimageofSantaClausflyinginasleighpulledbyreindeerandleavingtoysandgiftsforeverychildisknownworldwide,andSantaClaushasbecomethemostbelovedofChristmassymbols.

ButiftheweatheratSanta'shometownweretobecomesowarmthattherewasnomoresnowatChristmas,SantaClauswouldlosehischarm.

SosnowisreallyimportantforSantaClaus,forhishometown'sChristmastourism,anditswintertourismaswinteristhebestseasoninSanta'shometown.

Unit2test

PartI

Keys:1.C2.C3.B4.C5.D

PartII

<1>chemicals

<2>atmosphere

<3>particles

<4>trapped

<5>lasts

<6>human-based

<7>progressed

<8>EveninAncientRomepeoplecomplainedaboutsmokeputintotheatmosphere

<9>Airpollutioncanhaveseriousconsequencesforthehealthofhumanbeings

<10>Citieswithlargenumbersofautomobilesorthosethatusegreatquantitiesofcoaloftensuffermostseverelyfromairpollutionproblems

PartIII

1.A2.C3.D4.C5.B

PartIV

1.B2.C3.D4.C5.C6.A7.D8.D9.B10.CUint3

CulturemakesmewhatIam

Task1:Onthefirstday

CollectivismIndividualismIndividualismCollectivism

II.BasicListeningPractice

Keys:1.B2.A3.D4.B5.A

III.ListeningIn

Task1:CompetitioninAmerica

Keys:1.C2.A3.C4.B5.D

Task2:Howtoselectelectivecourses?

Keys:

<1>roots

<2>what

<3>moral

<4>diligence

<5>sin

<6>teachings

<7>centuries

<8>Ifit'sworthdoingatall,it'sworthdoingwell

<9>InEnglishanewwordhasbeencreatedtodescribepeoplewhoworkcompulsively

<10>Othersholdthatworkaholicsarevaluablemembersofsocietybecausetheyareextremelyproductive

Task3:Cross-culturaltipsondoingbusiness

Keys:1.D2.A3.D4.A5.C

IV.SpeakingOut

MODEL1

MODEL2

MODEL3

V.Let?ˉsTalk

Task1:InternationalSlaveryMuseum

Keys:

1.

<1>transatlanticslavetrade

<2>unknownlands

<3>dignityorpayment

2.

<1>rich

<2>cottonandsugar

3.

<1>allovertheworld

<2>familyhistory

<3>changed

4.

200thanniversary

5.

<1>banned

<2>takingpartin

<3>slavery

<4>freed

Task2:What'syouranswer?

VI.FurtherListeningandSpeaking

ListeningTask:

Task1:Problemswithoureducationalsystem

Script:

ToAmericans,punctualityisawayofshowingrespectforotherpeople'stime.

Beingmorethan10minuteslatetoanappointmentusuallycallsforanapologyandmaybeanexplanation.

Peoplewhoarerunninglateoftencallaheadtoletothersknowofthedelay.

Ofcourse,thelessformalthesituation,thelessimportantitistobeexactlyontime.

Atinformalget-togethers,forexample,peopleoftenarriveasmuchas30minutespasttheappointedtime.

Buttheyusuallydon'ttrythatatwork.Americanlifestylesshowhowmuchpeoplerespectthetimeofothers.

Whenpeopleplananevent,theyoftensetthetimedaysorweeksinadvance.

Oncethetimeisfixed,ittakesalmostanemergencytochangeit.

Ifpeoplewanttocometoyourhouseforafriendlyvisit,theywillusuallycallfirsttomakesureitisconvenient.

Onlyveryclosefriendswilljust"dropin"unannounced.

Also,peoplehesitatetocallotherslateatnightforfeartheymightalreadybeinbed.

Thetimemayvary,butmostpeoplethinktwiceaboutcallingafter10:00p.m.

Tooutsiders,Americansseemtiedtotheclock.PeopleinsomeEasternculturesvaluerelationshipsmorethansc