Module2Unit1I'vealsoenteredlotsofspeakingpetitions.知识点课件英语八年级下册

&6&

What

kind

of...?什么类型的……？&7&

用来询问种类。注意：kind用单数形式。What

kind

of

music

do

you

like?你喜欢什么类型的音乐？&8&

与kind相关的短语：This

kind

of

film

always

makes

me

excited.

这种电影总使我激动不已。Art

is

a

vast

subject,

including

all

kinds

of

pictures

and

sculptures.

艺术是一个庞大的主题，包括各种各样的图画和雕塑。（南京中考）It'll

help

you

improve

your

speaking.

它会帮助你提高你的口语水平。（教材P10）&9&

improve

v.

改进，提高&10&

在此作及物动词，名词形式为improvement。The

new

term

begins

and

I

want

to

improve

myself

in

many

ways.

新学期开始了，我想在很多方面提高自己。There

is

still

room

for

improvement

in

your

work.你的工作尚有改进的余地。And

maybe

you

will

win

a

prize.

而且你可能会获奖。（教材P10）&11&

prize

/praɪz/

n.

奖品；奖项&12&

作名词，表示特殊奖项时，首字母要大写，即Prize。win

first

prize"获得一等奖"。Wow,

look

at

the

notice.

Tina

won

first

prize

in

the

English

Spelling

Competition.

哇，看通知。蒂娜在英语拼写比赛中获得了一等奖。She

won

the

Nobel

Peace

Prize.她获得了诺贝尔和平奖。The

first

prize

is

"My

dream

holiday".

一等奖是"我梦寐以求的假期"。（教材P10）&13&

dream

/driːm/

n.

梦；梦想；梦寐以求的

v.做梦；梦到；梦想&14&

（1）dream作名词的用法：Have

you

ever

won

any

prizes

before?

你以前曾获过奖吗？（教材P10）本句是现在完成时的一般疑问句，结构为"Have/Has+sb.+ever+动词的过去分词+其他？"，意为"某人曾经……过吗？"，常用来询问某人是否做过某事。&15&

ever

/ˈevə/

adv.

曾经；从来；在任何时候&16&

（1）作副词，在此意为"曾经"，常用于现在完成时的一般疑问句中，位于过去分词之前，用来加强语气。Have

you

ever

travelled

to

Dalian?

你曾经去大连旅游过吗？（2）ever作副词时的其他义项：&17&

before

adv.

以前&18&

before与ago两者均可作副词，表示"以前"。before单独使用，常用于含现在完成时的句子的末尾。ago常与一段时间连用，构成"一段时间+ago"，表示"……之前"，常用于一般过去时。语境串记I

have

visited

Beijing

before.

And

I

went

there

two

years

ago.

我以前参观过北京，是两年前去的。&19&

before还可作介词和连词，意为"在……之前"，可表示时间、位置、顺序等。I

always

get

up

before

seven

o'clock.

我总是在七点前起床。（作介词，表时间）Before

you

is

the

shopping

list.放在你面前的是一份购物清单。（作介词，表位置）Take

a

deep

breath

before

you

start

your

speech.在你开始发言之前，深吸一口气。（作连词）But

I

can't

afford

it.

但我负担不起。（教材P10）&20&

afford

/əˈfɔːd/

v.

（有财力）买得起，付得起&21&

afford为及物动词，常与can、could、be

able

to连用，多用于否定句或疑问句。His

family

was

poor

and

his

parents

were

not

able

to

afford

his

art

education.他的家庭很穷，父母负担不起他的艺术教育费用。（滨州中考）We

couldn't

afford

to

go

travelling

this

summer.今年夏天我们没有足够的钱去旅行。典例1

(天津中考)I

am

afraid

we

cannot

___

to

take

a

taxi.

Let's

go

by

underground

instead.B

【解析】由"Let's

go

by

underground

instead"可知，此处表示"支付不起乘出租车的费用"，故afford（付得起）符合语境。故选B。That's

a

pity.

那太可惜了。（教材P10）&22&

That's

a

pity.

那太可惜了。&23&

常用作交际用语，相当于"It's

a

pity!/What

a

pity!（真可惜！）"。—We

lost

the

football

match.

我们输掉了足球赛。—Oh,

that's

a

pity!噢，真可惜！&24&

pity作名词，意为"可惜；遗憾"，前面通常加不定冠词a。常见的句型还有：（1）It's

a

pity

to

do

sth.

做某事很可惜/遗憾。It's

a

pity

to

miss

such

a

good

chance.

错过一个这么好的机会真可惜。（2）It's

a

pity（that）...

……真可惜/遗憾。It's

a

pity

that

you

can't

go

with

us.

你不能和我们一起去，真是可惜。&25&

think

about

考虑&26&

相当于think

of。about和of都是介词，后接名词、代词、动词-ing形式或从句作宾语。think

of还可意为"想出，想到"，而think

about无此用法。I

am

thinking

about

traveling

to

Kunming.

我在考虑去昆明旅游。（昆明中考）When

we

lose,

think

about

what

we

did

and

how

we

can

improve.

当我们失败的时候，考虑一下我们做了什么及我们如何改进。（河北中考）I

finally

thought

of

a

great

idea

—

we

can

have

a

picnic

at

the

park

this

weekend.我终于想出了一个好主意，我们这周末可以在公园里野餐。&27&

think

over意为"仔细考虑"，后常接名词或代词作宾语。Please

think

over

my

suggestion.=Please

think

my

suggestion

over.

请仔细考虑我的建议。（名词作宾语，放在think与over之间或over之后均可）Let

me

think

it

over.

让我好好想一想。（代词作宾语，要放在think与over之间）To

win

it,

you

need

to

write

a

short

story

about

a

place

you've

visited.要赢得这个比赛，你需要就你参观过的一个地方写一篇短文。（教材P10）&28&

To

do...的特殊用法&29&

本句中动词不定式短语To

win

it位于句首，表示条件；这是英语行文的一种方式，即在句子的开头用To

do...短语，并用逗号将其与句子的主体部分隔开，相当于汉语"（若）要做……的话"。To

listen

to

world

news,

please

key

in

"1".若要收听国际新闻，请键入"1"。To

get

it

right,

you

must

think

hard.要想把它做对，你必须得认真思考。&30&

need

v.需要&31&

在此作实义动词，意为"需要"。常用结构：Your

eyes

need

everyday

attention.

你的眼睛需要日常呵护。He

needs

to

have

a

rest.他需要休息一下。My

bike

needs

mending.我的自行车需要修理。&32&

（1）need还可作情态动词，没有人称和数的变化，其后接动词原形，常用于否定句或疑问句，意为"需要"。needn't意为"不必"，相当于don't

have

to。It's

Sunday

today.

We

needn't

go

to

school.今天是周日，我们不必去上学。—Need

we

go

right

now?我们现在就需要走吗？—Yes,

we

need.是的，我们需要。/No,

we

needn't.不，我们不必。（2）need还可作名词，意为"需要；短缺"。in

need"在危难中；在贫困中"。There

is

no

need

for

you

to

get

up

early

tomorrow.

你明天不必早起。&33&

A

friend

in

need

is

a

friend

indeed.患难见真情。The

charity

aims

to

provide

help

to

people

in

need.这个慈善机构的宗旨是向贫困者提供帮助。How

can

I

write

about

it?

我怎么写呢？（教材P10）&34&

write

about

编写；写作&35&

是及物动词短语，其中write作不及物动词，意为"编写；写作"。write还可作及物动词，write...about..."就……编写……"。I

want

to

travel

and

then

write

about

what

I've

seen.

我想去旅行，然后把我所看见的写下来。He

hopes

to

write

a

book

about

his

experiences

one

day.

他希望有一天写一本关于自己经历的书。语境串记You

can

write

an

article

and

write

about

your

experiences

in

the

summer

camp.

你可以写一篇文章，写写你在夏令营中的经历。You

can

make

it

up.

你可以编（一个故事）。（教材P10）&36&

make

up

编写；创作&37&

&38&

此处是"动词+副词"型短语。

make+名词+up=make

up+名词make+代词+up（宾格形式，只能放在中间）He

made

up

an

interesting

story

and

we

all

laughed.他编了一个有趣的故事，我们都笑了。&39&

make

up的其他常见用法:Don't

make

up

any

excuse

for

your

mistake.不要为你的错误编造任何借口。（辽阳中考）Girls

make

up

56%

of

the

students.女生占学生人数的56%。The

cake

is

made

up

of

chocolate,

flour,

sugar

and

milk.这个蛋糕是由巧克力、面粉、糖和牛奶制成的。典例2

完成句子。老师让我们用英语编一个有趣的故事。The

teacher

asked

us

_____________________________

in

English.to

make

up

an

interesting

story【解析】"让某人做某事"应用"ask

sb.

to

do

sth."；"编写"的英文表达为"make

up"；"有趣的"用"interesting"，其前的不定冠词用an。故填to

make

up

an

interesting

story。&40&

invite

/ɪnˈvaɪt/

v.邀请&41&

作及物动词，常用结构：I

would

like

to

invite

him

to

dance

with

me.我想邀请他和我一起跳舞。We'll

invite

our

teacher

to

the