杨四军武科大教授单元八 汽车检测与维修设备(课件)-《汽车专用英语 第三版》同步教学 （人交版）

汽车商标汽车及其历史汽车发动机汽车底盘单元一单元二单元三单元四汽车电气设备汽车车身汽车使用说明书及维修手册汽车检测与维修设备单元五单元六单元七单元八汽车维护汽车检测与维修新能源汽车概述汽车商务接待单元九单元十单元十一单元十二

单元八

活塞连杆组故障诊断与修复汽车检测与维修设备

学习目标

完成本学习任务后，你应该能：1.掌握汽车检测与维修设备的名称；2.了解汽车检测与维修设备的主要功能；3.对相关内容进行阅读和翻译；4.对汽车检测与维修的专业术语、单词和词汇进行辨认；5.正确完成课后练习。建议学时4

学时Text

Anauto-maintenancetechnicianmustbeveryfamiliarwithandcompetentintheapplicationsofavarietyoftestinginstruments．Withtheaidofthisequipment，thetechniciancanperformtwoveryimportanttasks．First，usingtestinginstrumentsproperlycanhelphimquicklypinpointmalfunctionswithintheengine，ignition，fuel，electricalandemissioncontrolsystems．Second，theseequipmentscontributetomonitoringthequalityofvehiclemaintenance．Followingonesareseveralkindsofcommonlyusedautomotivetestingequipments:AutomotiveTestingInstrumentText

GasanalyzerGasanalyzer(Fig.8-1)isapieceoftestequipmentusedtoanalyzethecompositionofvehicleexhaustgases．A5－gasanalyzermeasurescarbondioxide（CO2)，carbonmonoxide（CO)，oxygen（O2)，hydrocarbons（HC）andoxidesofnitrogen（NOx)．Thegasreadingscanbeusedtodetermineemissionscompliance，andtodiagnosevariousengineperformanceproblems．AutomotiveTestingInstrumentFig.8-1GasAnalyzerText

GasanalyzerAutomobilegasanalyzeroremissionanalyzercheckstheexhaustgassesfromthecar．Thisisthemostpopularautomotivetestequipment.Thegasanalyzerasavehicletestequipmentisnotonlyusedintheautomobileindustrybutalsoinaerospace,constructionandshippingsector.Theexhaustgasanalyzercaneffectivelycheckautomotivegasleakage.Thebasicgasanalyzertellsthetypesofgasesemittedbythevehicle.Ifthereisanyextragasthatisemittedbythevehicleasshowninthisautomobiletestingequipment,thenmaintenancetechniciansinstantlycometoknowthatfuelisnotreachingtotheengineinarightproportionwithair.AutomotiveTestingInstrumentText

EngineAnalyzerEngineanalyzer（Fig.8-2)consistsofthemainpart,sensorsandindicator.Themainpartisameasuringanddata-handlingsystemwithamicrocomputer.Therearesevensensors:ignition,powersupply,voltage,oilpressure,cylinderpressure,vibrationandfuelinjectionsensors.AutomotiveTestingInstrumentFig.8-2EngineAnalyzerText

LeakDetectorThisinstrumentisusedforlocatingleaksinanypressureandvacuumsystem,andalsousedtoexaminethedischargetroublesinelectricapparatus.Theinstrumentconsistsofmainbody,ultrasonicprobe,ultrasonicmicrophoneandultrasonictransmitteretc.

ChassisDynamometerThechassisdynamometer（Fig.8-3)isanotherveryimportantdiagnostictool,foundinmanytune-upspecialtyshops.Thechassisdynamometermeasuresthemechanicalpowerofthevehicleatthedrive-wheelsandprovidestheoperatorwithreadoutinunitsofroadspeedandpower.Inaddition,thechassisdynamometeralongwithanengineanalyzerpermitstheoperatortoexamineenginesystemsindetailwiththevehicleoperatingunderaloadedcondition.AutomotiveTestingInstrumentText

ChassisDynamometer

AutomotiveTestingInstrumentFig.8-3ChassisDynamometerText

AutomobileFrontWheelAlignerAutomobilefrontwheelaligner（Fig.8-4)isaspecialdeviceformeasuringthewheelcamber,thefrontwheeltoe,thekingpincasterangleandthekingpininclinationangleofanautomobile.AutomotiveTestingInstrumentFig.8-4AutomobileFrontWheelAlignerText

AutomobileComprehensiveTesterAutomobilecomprehensivetester（Fig.8-5)isusedforthedeterminationofdynamicandeconomicpropertyinautomobiletest.Itconsistsofmainpartandsensors.Themainpartconsistsofasingleboardcomputerandaninterfacecircuitplate.Sensorsincludethefifthwheelsensor,fuelconsumptionsensor,pullingforcesensor,revolutionsensorandbrakepedalsensor.AutomotiveTestingInstrumentFig.8-5AutomobileComprehensiveTesterText

WheelDynamicBalancerWheeldynamicbalancer（Fig.8-6)isaspecialequipmentdesignedtocorrectwheel-balancing.Theelectricalloggingsystemanalysesandhandlessignalswithasingleboardcomputer.Dynamicimbalance,unlikestaticimbalance,canonlybedetectedwhenthewheelrotating.Therearetwodynamicbalancers:Balancersofthefirsttyperequiresthetiretobeinstaticbalancebeforeanydynamicbalancingisattempted.Dynamicimbalancecanthenbecheckedasthewheelsspunup.Theweightsofthesizeindicatedareplacedonthewheelrimintheproperposition.Thewheelisrespondtomakesurethattheimbalancehasbeencorrected.Balancersofthesecondtype,whichcombinestaticanddynamicbalancefunctions,usingasensingmechanismthatissensitivetotheentireweightcharacteristicofthetireandwheelassembly.Thusitallowsimbalancetobecorrectedwithone-weightoneachsideofthewheel.AutomotiveTestingInstrumentText

WheelDynamicBalancer

AutomotiveTestingInstrumentFig.8-6WheelDynamicBalancer参考译文汽车维修技师必须熟练掌握各种各样的检测仪器的应用。借助这些检测仪器，技师能够有效完成两项重要工作：一是有助于快速查找发动机、点火系统、燃油系统、电器和排放控制系统内的故障；二是有助于监测汽车维修质量。下面介绍几种常用的汽车检测设备。

气体分析仪气体分析仪（图8-1）是一种测试设备,用于分析车辆废气组成。一个5相分析仪能测量排气中的二氧化碳(CO2)、一氧化碳(CO)、氧(O2)、碳氢化合物(HC)、氮氧化物(NOx)的含量。分析仪显示的气体排放量可用于测定排放是否达标和诊断各种发动机性能问题。汽车排放气体分析仪或排气气体分析仪用于检测车辆的排气，这是最受欢迎的汽车检测设备。气体分析仪作为车辆的测试设备,不仅适用于汽车工业,而且适用于航空运输、建筑业和轮船行业。废气分析仪能有效检查汽车的气体泄漏。气体分析仪能检测出车辆的气体排放组成。如果气体排放不正常，维修技师可以以此来判断车辆发动机的空气和燃油混合比不正确。汽车检测仪器参考译文

气体分析仪

汽车检测仪器图8-1气体分析仪参考译文

发动机分析仪发动机分析仪（图8-2）由仪器主体、传感器和指示仪表组成。其主体是一个带微机的测量和数据处理系统。传感器则有7种：点火传感器、电源传感器、电压传感器、机油压力传感器、汽缸压力传感器、爆震传感器和燃油喷射传感器等。汽车检测仪器图8-2发动机分析参考译文

泄漏检查器泄露检查器用于查找所有压力和真空系统中的泄露点，也用于检查电气设备中的漏电故障。这个仪器由仪器主体、超声波探测器、超声波扩音器和超声波信号发送器等组成。

底盘测功机底盘测功机（图8-3）是另外一种非常重要的诊断工具，常出现在许多汽车专业维修店。底盘测功机能测量车辆驱动轮上的机械功率，并能给操作员提供出以道路行车速度和功率为单位的读数。另外，底盘测功机和发动机分析仪一起使用，可让操作员仔细检查汽车在带负荷的条件下了解发动机的技术状况。汽车检测仪器图8-3底盘测功机参考译文

汽车前轮定位仪汽车前轮定位仪（图8-4）是专门用于测量汽车车轮外倾角、前轮前束、主销后倾角和主销内倾角的设备。汽车检测仪器图8-4汽车前轮定位仪参考译文

汽车综合检测仪汽车综合检测仪（图8-5）用于测量汽车的动力性和经济性。它由主体部分和传感器组成。主体部分由单片机和界面电路板组成。传感器包括五轮传感器、燃油消耗传感器、牵引力传感器、转数传感器和制动踏板传感器等。汽车检测仪器图8-5汽车综合检测仪参考译文

车轮动平衡仪车轮动平衡仪（图8-6）是专门用于校正车轮平衡的装置。其电子记录系统使用单片机来分析和处理信号。与静不平衡不同，动不平衡只有在车轮旋转时才能被检测到。车轮动平衡仪有两种：一种动平衡仪在测试车轮动平衡前需要对轮胎进行静平衡，然后当车轮旋转起来时动不平衡才能被检测到，显示的平衡重块要安装在轮辋正确的位置上，然后要将车轮再次旋转，以确保动不平衡已被纠正；另一种动平衡仪，同时具有静平衡和动平衡功能，它使用的是对车轮总成的整重特性敏感的感应装置，因此就可以通过将“平衡重块”安装到车轮对应位置上来纠正不平衡。汽车检测仪器图8-6车轮动平衡ReadingMaterialNowadays，withthedevelopmentofautomobileindustry，allkindsofrepairingequipmentsdesignedforautomotivesystemsandcomponentsaregettingmoreandmoreadvanced．Efficientequipmentsarehelpfultoatechnician'swork．Meanwhileatechnicianwhowidelyrecognizesandgraspsrepairequipmentswillbeabletoproperlyusethem，auto－repairworkwillalsobeensured．Asatechnicianinthefuture，youhavetoknowhowtolookforandsolveproblemsbymeansofsomespecialfacilities．Amoderncarisahi－techproduct，sotherepairworkcan'tonlydependontechnician'shandsandeyes．AutoRepairingEquipmentReadingMaterialNoncontactinfraredtemperaturemeasurementcanfindthesourceoftheproblemsbycheckingautomobile'schangeoftemperature．Astethoscope，orsoundscope，aidsinlocatingthesourceofengineknocksandnoisesbymagnifyingtheirsoundswaves．Thevalueofthesound－detectingandamplifyingstethoscopeis，ofcourse，tohelpthetechniciandistinguishthedifferencebetweennormalandabnormalsoundsandtofindthelocationandcauseofthelatter．Multifunctionautomotivescannercannotonlygatherandanalyzetheinformationofarunningcar，searchforthesourceoftheproblems，butalsobeusedasanoscilloscope．Atthesametimeallresultsaredisplayedonthescreen．Ifitisconnectedwithacomputer，itsperformancecangetbetter．AutoRepairingEquipmentReadingMateria