2024届上海市十三校高三下学期一模考试英语试题含解析

2024届上海市十三校高三下学期一模考试英语试题考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．—TheT­-shirtIreceivedisnotthesameasisshownonline.—________？ButIpromiseyouwe’lllookintoitrightaway.A．Whosays B．HowcomeC．Whatfor D．Whyworry2．Wearrangedtomeetatthecinemaat7:30,butJackfailedto______.A．breakupB．setupC．turnupD．giveup3．LichunisaChinesewordforoneofthe24solarterms,meansthebeginningofspring.A．who B．that C．whose D．which4．—WouldyoupleasewaitforamomentwhileItelephonethereceptiondesktocheck?—________.A．Iwouldn'tmindthat B．SoundlikefunC．Imeanit D．Youwish5．TheSmallGoosePagodainXi’an,oneofthe22SilkRoadrelicslocatedinChina,_______backin707duringtheTangDynasty.A．dated B．wasdatedC．dates D．isdating6．Please________yourashesbeforeitfailsonthecarpet.A．cutoff B．knockoffC．getoff D．dropoff7．Whydoyouturntomeforhelp______youcaneasilyworkouttheproblemindependently?A．untilB．whenC．afterD．unless8．ifIhadarrivedyesterdaywithoutlettingyouknowbeforehand?A．Wouldyoubesurprised B．WereyousurprisedC．Hadyoubeensurprised D．Wouldyouhavebeensurprised9．Oursocietywouldbebetteroffbutforthefactthattheeconomy________bythecurrentglobalfinancialcrisis.A．hadbeenaffected B．wereaffectedC．shouldbeaffected D．isaffected10．Byservingothers,apersonfocusesonsomeoneotherthanhimselforherself,________canbeveryeye-openingandrewarding.A．who B．whichC．what D．that11．IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30p.m.，manypeoplehavegonehome.A．whosetime B．thatC．onwhich D．bywhichtime12．Thenewsecretaryisandthereforethemanagerissatisfiedwithherwork.A．effective B．efficient C．specific D．sufficient13．FortheChinesedream______atanearlierdate,wemustacceleratethepaceofreformandopeningup.A．beingrealized B．torealizeC．realizing D．toberealized14．—Whycan’tyougivemeanotherchance?—________,butIdon’tthinkyouaregoodatmanagement.A．NooffenceB．NoworriesC．NoneedD．Nowonder15．Theyintendedtohavetheschoolbetterequipped，thelocalgovernmentwas notabletogetenoughmoneytodoso.A．unless B．while C．although D．once16．HewasadmittedtoHarvardUniversity,________wasjustwhathisparentsexpected.A．who B．whichC．what D．where17．--ItisreallyfuntohikeandIoftengohikingintheforest.--Buthikingaloneintheforest______beverydangerous.A．can B．must C．shall D．will18．Mankindmustfirstofalleat,drink,haveshelterandclothing________itcanpursuepolitics,science,artandreligion.A．until B．unlessC．before D．since19．Mymobilephoneismissing.Whoit?A．musthavetaken B．musttakeC．couldhavetaken D．couldtake20．Scientistshavecometotheconclusion___________thetemperatureonEarthisgettinghigherandhigher.A．What B．thatC．which D．when第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Naturally,parentspraisetheirkids.Theywanttoencouragetheirchildreneveryday.Butwhenitcomestobuildingself-esteem(自尊)inchildren,praisedoesn’talwayshaveapositiveeffect,accordingtoaspecialeditionofthejournalChildDevelopment.Theissue,editedbyEddieandThomas,isfocusedonresearchintohowchildrendevelopasenseofselfandbuildingyourchild’sconfidencetakesdifferentskillsthanyoumightthink.Eddiepointsoutthatchildrenarebornwithoutasenseofself,butitdoesn’ttakelongbeforesomekidshavealotofconfidenceandmayfeelsuperiortopeers,whileothersmaycarrymoreself-doubtandseethemselvesasinferior.Yetnoonereallyunderstandswhatcauseschildrentoviewthemselvesthewaytheydo.Surprisinglylittleisknownabouttheoriginsofchildren’sself-concept,”Eddiesaid.Researchhasfoundthatwhenkidshaveawarm,lovingrelationshipwiththeirparents,theydevelophigherself-esteem.However,whentheyaregivenendlesspraisethatisinequaltotheirachievements,theirself-esteemmaydrop.Insteadoflavishpraise,parentsshouldfocusonwarmthtobuildself-esteem,researchershavefound—specifically,parentsshouldshowinterestintheirkids’activitiesandsharejoywiththem.Thismakeschildrenfeelnoticedandvalued.AccordingtoEddie’sownresearch,childrenmaydeveloplowerself-esteemwhentheirparentsgivethemlotsofpositiveandoverstatedpraises.Toomuchpraisecanmakechildrenworryaboutdisappointingtheirparents,andmayleadtoanunhealthyattitudetowardfailure.Otherstudiessuggestthatparentscanteachchildrenthatfailureisbeneficialbyencouragingkidstoaskthemselves:“Whydidn’tIachievetheresultIwanted,andwhatcanIdotochangetheoutcomeinthefuture?”Additionally,it’simportantforparentstoencouragethebeliefthatkidscandevelopbasicabilitiesthroughdevotionandhardwork.Kidswhoarepraisedfortheireffortinsteadoftheirabilityaremorelikelytodevelopagrowthmindset,whichhaveapositiveimpactontheirconfidence.1、WhatdoesthespecialeditionofChildDevelopmentfocuson?A．Whenisthebesttimetobuildachild’sself-esteem.B．Whateffectpraisehasonachild’sselfunderstanding.C．Howchildrendeveloptheirsenseofself-esteem.D．Howblamingandoverpraisehurtachild’scomfidence.2、Howdoestoomuchpraisehurtchildren’sself-esteem?A．They’llbeafraidoffailinganddisappointingtheirparents.B．They’llhaveafalseunderstandingoftheirabilityandfail.C．They’llbecometooproudtogetalongwithotherchildren.D．They’llfocusmoreontheiradvantagesthantheirweaknesses.3、Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Children’seffortwillhelpbuildtheirconfidence.B．Childrenshouldhetaughtthevalueofhardwork.C．Praisingachild’sabilitywillmakethemhappier.D．Someparentsdoubtifkidscandeveloptheirabilities.4、Whichofthefollowingisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Praisingachildforanyreasonhelpsbuildhisself-esteem.B．Howkidsdeveloptheirsenseofself-esteemdifferently.C．Whysomekidshavemoreself-doubtthantheothers.D．Participationandencouragementbuildakid’sself-esteem.22．（8分）Overthepastfiveyears,researchersinartificialintelligencehavebecometherockstarsofthetechnologyworld.AbranchofAIknownasdeeplearning,hasprovensousefulthatskilledoperatorscancommandsix-figuresalariestobuildsoftwareforAmazon,Apple,FacebookandGoogle.Thetopnamescanearnover$1millionayear.ThetraditionalwaytogetthesejobshasbeenaDoctor’sdegreeincomputersciencefromoneofAmerica’stopuniversities.Earningonetakesyearsandrequiresapersonwhocanbedevotedtostudy,whichisrareamongnormalpeople.Moreover,graduatestudentsareregularlyattractedawayfromtheirstudiesbyvarioushigh-paidjobs.Thatischanging.LastmonthFast.ai,aneducationnon-profitbasedinSanFrancisco,kickedoffthethirdyearofitscourseindeeplearning.Sinceitsbeginningithasattractedmorethan100,000studentsfromIndiatoNigeria.Thecoursecomeswithasimpleidea:thereisnoneedtospendyearsobtainingaDoctor’sdegreeinordertopractisedeeplearning.Fast.ai’scoursecanbecompletedinjustsevenweeks.Forexample,agraduatefromFast.ai’sfirstyear,SaraHooker,washiredintoGoogle’shighlycompetitiveAIresidencyprogrammeafterfinishingthecourse,havingneverworkedondeeplearningbefore.SheisnowafoundingmemberofGoogle’snewAIresearchofficeinAccra,Ghana,thefirm’sfirstinAfrica.TomakeitaccessibletoanyonewhowantstolearnhowtobuildAIsoftware,JeremyHoward,whofoundedFast.aiwithRachelThomas,amathematician,saysmiddleschoolmathematicsisenough.Fast.aiisnottheonlyA．I.programme.AI4ALL,anothernon-profitorganization,foundedbyleadingtechnologistsincludingDr.Fei-FeiLi,workstobringAIeducationtoschoolchildrenthatwouldotherwisenothaveaccesstoit.Howard’sambitionsrundeeperthanjustdealingwiththeshortageintheAIlabourmarket.Hisaimistospreaddeeplearningintomanyhands,sothatitmaybeappliedinasmanyfieldsaspossible.Theambition,saysMrHoward,isforAItrainingsoftwaretobecomeaseasytouseandcommonassendinganemailonasmartphone.1、What’sParagraph2mainlyabout?A．ThewaytogetaDoctor’sdegree.B．ThedifficultiestogetaDoctor’sdegree.C．TheimportancetogetaDoctor’sdegree.D．ThenecessitytogetaDoctor’sdegree.2、WhatcanwelearnaboutFast.ai?A．ItaimstoproduceAIgraduatesinafastway.B．Itaimstocollectmoneyforpoorstudents.C．Itchargesahighfreeforofferingcourses.D．ItbecomespopularonlyinIndiaandNigeria.3、WheredoesSaraHookerworkaccordingtothepassage?A．India. B．Nigeria.C．Ghana. D．America.4、WhatdoFast.aiandAI4ALLhaveincommon?A．Theyarebothmeantforchildren.B．Theyrequireadvancedmath.C．Theyhavethesamefounder.D．Theyarebothnon-profit.5、What’sHoward’sattitudetoAItrainingsoftwareinthefuture?A．Anxious. B．Disappointed.C．Optimistic. D．Surprised.23．（8分）Thehumanbrainremembersnegativeexperiencesmoreeasilythanpositiveones.Ourbrainshavedevelopedthiswaybecausethreats,likedangerousanimals,hadamoreimmediateeffectonourancestors’survivalcomparedtopositivethingslikefoodorshelter.Asaresult,youlikelyknowwhatmakesyouunhappy,butdoyouknowwhatmakesyouhappy?Researchsuggeststhatourlevelofhappinessdependspartlyonfactorswecannotcontrol—ourgenesandourlifecircumstances.Butourlevelofhappinessisalsoshapedbythechoiceswemake.Ifyou’vebeenchasingwealth,fame,goodlooks,materialthingsandpower,youmaybelookingforhappinessinallthewrongplaces.Psychologistssuggestthatthefollowinghabitsmakepeoplehappier.Peoplewhoformcloserelationshipstendtobehappierthanthosewhodonot.Thenumberoffriendswehaveisnotimportant,Whatmattersisthequalityofourrelationships.Relationshipsthatbringhappinessusuallyinvolvethesharingoffeelings,mutualrespect,acceptance,trustandfun.Peoplewhoexerciseregularlyimproveboththeirphysicalandmentalwellbeing.Someresearchhasshownthatexercisecanbeaseffectiveasmedicationintreatingdepression,Whenwearesointerestedinanactivityweenjoythatwelosetrackoftime,weareinastateofflow.Theactivitycouldbemakingart,playingpiano,surfing,orplayingagame.Peoplewhoexperienceflowintheirworkorhobbiestendtobehappier,Peoplearemorelikelytobehappyiftheyknowwhattheirstrengthsareandusethemregularly,Peoplewhosetgoalsandusetheirstrengthstoachievethemtendtobehappier.Peopleareespeciallyhappywhentheycanusetheirstrengthstoservethegreatergood.Peoplewhothinkpositivelybybeinggrateful,mindfulandoptimisticaremorelikelytobehappy.Beinggratefulmeansbeingthankful,Beingmindfulmeansbeingopento,focusingonandenjoyingtheexperiencesofthepresentmoment.Beingoptimisticmeansbeinghopefulaboutthefuture.1、Whydoesthehumanbrainremembernegativethingsmoreeasily?A．Negativethingsareeasytoremember.B．Dangerouswildanimalsareathreattous,C．Ourancestorshadnoenoughfoodforliving.D．Negativethingstendtoaffecthumansurvivalimmediately,2、Howdoestheauthorlikelookingforhappinessinmaterialthings?A．Uncertain.B．Opposed,C．Supportive.D．Optimistic.3、Whatdoestheauthorsuggestusinthelastparagraph?A．Enjoyingourlifeandwork.B．Leadingahappylifeeachday.C．Beingpositiveinourlifeandwork.D．Thinkingmoreaboutthefuture.4、Whatdoesthistextmainlytellus?A．Thefactorsthatmakepeoplehappy.B．Howtorememberpositivethingseasily,C．Thehabitswhichpeopleformintheirlife.D．Whypeopleremembernegativethingseasily.24．（8分）Generallyspeaking,governmentregulationsnormallybananythingfromsmokinginpublicplacestoparkingincertainzones.ButofficialsintheBraziliantownofBiritibaMirim,70km(45miles)eastofSaoPaulo,havegonefarbeyondthat.Theyplantoprohibitresidentsfromdyingearlybecausethelocalcemetery(墓地)hasreachedfullcapacity.There’snomoreroomtoburythedead,theycan’tbecremated(火化)andlawsforbidanewcemetery.Sothemayorhasproposedastrangesolution:outlawdeath.MayorRobertoPereirasaysthebillismeantasaprotestagainstfederalregulationsthatprohibitneworexpandedcemeteriesinpreservationareas.“Theyhavenottakenlocaldemandsintoconsideration”,heclaims.A2003decree(法令)byBrazil’sNationalEnvironmentCouncilforbidsburialgroundsinprotectedareas.Mr.Pereirawantstobuildanewcemetery,buttheprojecthasbeenstoppedbecause98%ofBiritibaMirimisconsideredasapreservationarea.BiritibaMirim,atownof28,000inhabitants,notonlywantstoprohibitresidentsfrompassingaway.Thebillalsocallsonpeopletotakecareoftheirhealthinordertoavoiddeath.“Ihaven’tgotajob,noramIhealthy.AndnowtheysayIcan’tdie.That’sridiculous,”AmaridodoPrado,anunemployedresidentsaid.Thecitycouncilisexpectedtovoteontheregulationnextweek.“Ofcoursethebillislaughable,illegal,andwillneverbeapproved,”saidGilsonSoaresdeCampos,anassistantofthemayor.“Butcanyouthinkofabetterresolutiontopersuadethegovernmenttochangetheenvironmentaldecreethatisprohibitingusfrombuildinganewcemetery?”Thebillstatesthat“offenderswillbeheldresponsiblefortheiracts.”However,itdoesnotsaywhatthepunishmentwillbe.1、WhatisthebilltobeproposedbytheofficialsinBiritibaMirim?A．Banonbuildinganewcemetery.B．Banonparkingincertainzones.C．Forbiddingburiedgroundsinpreservation.D．Prohibitingresidentsfromdyingearly.2、Whatcanweinferfromthephrase“havegonefarbeyondthat”inthefirstparagraph?A．TheofficialsinBiritibaMirimhavemadetheseregulations.B．TheofficialsinBiritibaMirimhavebeentomanyplacesaroundtheworld.C．ThebilltobeproposedbyofficialsinBiritibaMirimismuchtoounexpected.D．TheofficialsinBiritibaMirimhavebuilttoomanycemeteriesintheirtown.3、What’stheattitudeofthemayorofBiritibaMirimtowardsthefederalregulations?A．Hegivesstrongbackingtothem.B．Heobjectstothem.C．Heremainssilentaboutthem.D．Heaskstheresidentsforadviceonthem.4、WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A．Thebillhascomeintoeffectbutitdoesn’tstateclearlywhatpunishementstheoffenderswillreceive.B．Theresidentsofthetownsinghighpraiseforthebill.C．Thegovernmentisgoingtochangetheunreasonaleandlaughabledecree.D．Nobetterresolutionoftheproblemshasbeenthoughtout.25．（10分）It'salittlehardtofigureouttherulesforsurebutthebabyAfricanbuffalo(水牛）seemstohavetheupperhand.Thetwostandacouplefeetapart,staringateachother.Behindthem,theirmotherslookonwiththekindofindifference(不关心）ofmotherseverywherewhoseetheirkidsplayingaharmlessgame.Thealarmwentoffabouthalfanhourago,thesecondtimetonight.Here，onebellmeans"elephant",two"rhino"(犀牛），andthreeandfour，Ireallycan'trememberforwhat，becausewhenyou'reawokenbybellsinthemiddleofthenight，yourfirstthoughtwon’tbeAnimal",ButassoonasIrealizeditwastherhinoalarm,Iwasrunningforthestairs.YetI'mtheonlyonewatchingtheanimalsstare-down.Eithernobodyelsediedofaheartattackwhenthebellswentoff,orIwastheonlyoneintheentirehotelwhodidn'tturnthealarmswitchtooffbeforegoingtobed.TheArk,ahotelshapedlikethebiblicalark(圣经的方舟),liesinthehighlandsofKenya’sAberdareNationalPark,about100kilometersnorthofNairobi.AttheArk'sprow(船首)arehugewindowsoverlookingawaterhole.Earliertonight，I'dwatchedapackofwolves,buffalosandelephants.Andnow,atThreeorsointhemorningsI'mdownfortheroundofrhinobells.Thefirsttime,2.5hoursago,itwasasingleblackrhino,whichcamedown,gotadrink,andleft.I'dhavebeensorryforthelostsleep.I'vealreadyarrangedwithaguidetotakemeoutatsunrisefortheso-called"should-never-missed"bird-watching,wherewellgettosee30species,butreally,howmanytimesinyourlifewillyougettowakeupandsay，"Wow!Rhino?Isn'tthatthedefinitionofaprettygoodright?LastweekwewentfromUgandaintoKenya，BeforeIlefthome,IthoughtI'dbehappywithtenelephantsandfiveorsixgiraffesonthewholetrip.Ididn'tdaretodreamtherhino.1、Themessagethatthehotel'sbellssentwas.A．averywisewaytheauthorhadneverheardofB．hardfortheauthortorememberindetailC．amatterthatallvisitorshadgotusedtoD．likeconditionedresponsetrainingforanimals2、What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardthebell?A．It'sbotheringbuttwobellsarewelcome.B．Itshouldbeturnedoffwheneveritrings,C．Itsvisitorshaveachancetoseebuffalos.D．Itisaverybadwaytowaketheguestsup.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“diedofaheartattack"inparagraph3mean?A．diedunexpectedlyB．feltextremelyexcitedC．feltveryuncomfortableandtiredD．sufferedfromaterribleheartattack4、Whatdidtheauthorseeatabout3:00a.m.?A．Twobuffaloswerefightingfiercelyforfood,B．Arhinoandabuffalowerefightingforwater.C．Arhinoandabuffalowerestaringateachother.D．Abuffalowasteachingitsbabytowalkfreely.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Yesterday,Imetadelightfulwomanataworkevent.Aswetalked,shetoldmeaboutherinManila,Philippines.Shespokeabouttheherculturevaluestheirelders,andsheexplainedthatchildrenarefromthetimeofbirthtorespectandpeopleolderthanthemselves.Itwastohearthat,soIenjoyedlisteningandlearning.HereishermemoryIfoundsobeautiful:Whenshewasgrowingup,herfatherhadthreejobstohisfamily.Shesaidherdadnever,andthoughheworkedveryhard,healwayshadforthem.Oneday,herfatherwasathisfull-timejob.Forseveralmonths,hewasmailedtemporarydisabilitycheckshewasrecovering.Whenherfatherwasabletoreturntohisfull-timejob,hetookallthosedisabilitythatweresenttohimwhilehewasrecoveringandhandedthembacktothe.Hetoldthemthathehadtwogoodlegsandarms,anddidnotneedthismoney.Hetoldthemtogivethemoneytopeoplewhocouldnotwork,topeoplewhoneededit.Thewomantellingthestorywasalittlegirlatthattime.Shehadherfatherthatverydaywhenhewentbacktohiscompanyallthoseunopenedchecks."Myfatherismyhero,"she.Loweringhervoice,shesaidshewouldneverforgetwhathedid,andwhatanandinfluentialmentor(导师)hewasonhowtolivealife.Frommycommunicationwithher,itwasthatherfather'ssamesweetspirithadbeentothiswoman,andtoherfamily.Hearingthisstorywassorefreshingtomysoul.Ihopeitisforyoutoo.1、A．study B．childhood C．friendship D．hobby2、A．way B．pattern C．memory D．skill3、A．adopted B．brought C．attended D．educated4、A．greet B．admire C．honor D．welcome5、A．surprising B．refreshing C．convincing D．puzzling6、A．that B．what C．it D．this7、A．dependon B．watchover C．takein D．carefor8、A．explained B．apologized C．complained D．regretted9、A．food B．clothing C．space D．time10、A．defeated B.injured C．fired D．punished11、A．while B．though C．becauseD．since12、A．presents B．goods C．checks D．awards13、A．company B．committee C．community D．charity14、A．frequently B．regularly C．actually D．normally15、A．observed B．accompanied C．supported D．reminded16、A．on B．about C．forD．with17、A．remarked B．reported C．sighed D.announced18、A．advanced B．effective C．inspiring D．honest19、A．possible B．necessary C．strange D．obvious20、A．givenin B．passeddown C．heldon D．handedout第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）IcebreakertotheNorthPoleisanewbook1．thewell-knownChinesewriterBiShumin.ItdescribesherspecialtriptotheNorthPolelastyear.LongingtogototheNorthPole,shealwaysheardaboutitwhenshewasyoung.Bi,nowinher60s,hasatlastrealizedthedreamtoseeitfor2．(she).“Thisdreamwashiddeninmyheartbymyselfinthepast.Itgraduallybecamedusty,butitneverdisappeared.3．Idreamedhasfinallycometrue.”Uptonow,Bi4．(travel)to73countriesworldwide.BesidestheNorthPole,shemadeatriptoEasterIsland,whichisaround3,700kilometresoffthewesterncoastofChile.Inthesameyear,shewenttotheSouthPole.Andsheintends5．(go)tootherplacesinthenearfuture.Asawriter6．(show)agreatinterestintravel,Bithinkstraveling7．(be)apartofourlife.Shealsobelievesitis8．onlywaytoseedifferentculturesandhistories.“Iftheviewisthesameeveryday,wewilleasilybecome9．(bore).Butifwegotoastrangeplace,wewillsoonenteraconditionofexperiencingandthinkingaboutdifferentcultures.Travellinggivesmemuch10．(free).”第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(/\)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2、只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。OnJanuary5th,studentsinourschoolvisitedRobotWorld,whichwesawagreatdiversityofrobot、Itwasamazedtofindthoserobotscoulddoagreatnumberofthingsjustlikerealpeople,includingplayingchess,playingpianoanddrawingpictures、What’smore,therobotswereindiffe