牛津版中考英语阅读理解实战演练1

第3章实战演练

阅读理解材料浩如烟海，中考英语复习，时间短，任务重。为了能让同学们脱离题海，更加省时省力

地提高自己的阅读理解能力，我们特意选编了一些题材新颖、质量上乘的阅读材料。这些材料内容丰富，

趣味性强，无论是在设计上，还是在难度上，都与中考英语试题相当。"会当凌绝顶，一览众山小，完成

这些短文及题目之后，再做中考阅读理解题，就一定能驾轻就熟，游刃有余。

SectionI缤纷自然篇

Passage1

Weknowthatmanyanimalsdonotstayinoneplace.Birds,fishandotheranimalsmovefromone

placetoanotheratacertaintime.Theymovefordifferentreasons:mostofthemmovetofindfoodmore

easily,butothersmovetogetawayfromplacesthataretoocrowded.

Whencoldweathercomes,manybirdsmovetowarmerplacestofindfood.Somefishesgivebirthin

warmwaterandmovetocoldwatertofeed.Themostfamousmigration（迁移）isprobablythemigration

offish,whichiscalled“salmon”.Thisfishisborninfreshwaterbutittravelsmanymilestosaltwater.

Thereitspendsitslife.Whenitisold,itreturnstoitsbirthplaceinfreshwater.Thenitgivesbirthanddies.

InnorthernEurope,thereisakindofmouse.Theyleavetheirmountainhomeswhentheybecometoo

crowded.Theymovedowntothelowland.Sometimestheymoveallthewaytotheseaside,andmany

ofthemarekilledwhentheyfallintothesea.

Recently（近来），scientistshavestudiedthemigrationofakindoflobster（龙虾）.Everyyear,

whentheseasonofthebadweatherarrives,thelobstersgetintoalonglineandstarttowalk

acrosstheflooroftheocean.Nobodyknowswhytheydothis,andnobodyknowswheretheygo.

So,sometimesweknowwhyhumansandanimalsmovefromoneplacetoanother,butatother

timeswedon't.Maybelivingthingsjustliketotravel.

I.Mostanimalsmovefromoneplacetoanotheratacertaintimeto.

A.givebirthB.enjoywarmerweather

C.findfoodmoreeasilyD.findbeautifulplaces

2.Thefishcalled“salmon”spendsalongtimein.

A.saltwaterB.riversC.freshwaterD.itsbirthplace

3.ThemiceinnorthernEuropemovewhen.

A.theygivebirthB.theplacegetstoocrowded

C.theweatherisbadD.theyhaven'tenoughfood

4.Thelobstersmove.

A.tothefreshwaterB.atacertaintimeC.totheunderseaD.tofindmorefood

5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Animalsmovetofindfoodmoreeasily.

B.Themigrationofthefishcalled“salmon"isthemostfamousmigration.

C.Livingthingsmovefromoneplacetoanotherbecausetheyliketotravel.

D.Sometimesweknowwhyandhowlivingthingsmovefromoneplacetoanother,butsometimes

wedon't.

Passage2

Ifyoulookattheskyonenightandseesomethingmovingandshiningthatyouhaveneverseen

before,itmightbeacomet（彗星）.

Acometsometimeslookslikeastar.Likeaplanet,acomethasnolightofitsown.Itshinesfromthe

sunlightitreflects（反射）.Liketheearth,acometgoesroundthesun,butonamuchlongerpath（轨道）

thantheearthtravels.

Ifacometisn'tastar,whatisitthen?

Somescientiststhinkthatalargepartofacometiswaterfrozenintopiecesoficeandmixedwith

ironandrockdustandperhapsafewbigpiecesofrock.Whensunshinemelts（融化）theiceinthecomet,

greatcloudsofgasgotrailingafterit.Theseclouds,togetherwiththedust,formalongtail.

Manypeopleperhapshaveseenacomet.Howevernooneknowshowmanycometsthereare.

Theremaybemillionsofcomets,butonlyafewcomecloseenoughforustosee.

AnEnglishmannamedEdmundHalley,wholivedfrom1656to1742,foundoutalotaboutthepaths

thatcometstakethroughthesky.Somecometsmoveoutofoursightandnevercomeback.Otherskeep

comingbackatregulartimes.AbigcometthatkeepscomingbackwasnamedafterHalleybecausehe

wastheonewhoworkedoutwhenitwouldcomebackagain.MaybeyouhaveeverseenHalle/s

Cometsbecausethelasttimeitcameclosetothesunandtheearthwasintheyear1986.Thenpeople

allovertheworldwereoutsideatnighttolookatit.YouwillprobablybeabletoseeHalley'sComets

whenitcomesneartheearthagain.

1.Acometislike.

A.sunB.moonC.sunlightD.theearth

2.Alargepartofacometis.

A.waterandrockB.waterfrozenintopiecesoficeandmixedwithiron

C.ice,ironandrockdustD.onlyafewbigpiecesofrock

3.Maybemanypeople.

A.haven'tseenanycometsB.haveseenallcomets

C.haveseenacometatdaytimeD.haveseenacomet

4.Somecometskeepcomingback.

A.atanytimeB.atnoonC.atregulartimesD.atdaytime

5.Halley'sCometscameback.

A.in1990B.in1980C.in1986D.in1989

Passage3

Doyouknowsomethingabouttreerings（q三轮）？Doyouknowtheycantelluswhattheweatherwas

like,sometimesevenhundredsofyearsago?

Atreewillgrowwellinaclimate（气［英）withlotsofsunshineandrainfall.Andlittlesunshineorrainfall

willlimit（限制）thegrowthofclimatebystudyingthetreerings.Forexample,tofindouttheweatheroften

yearsago,counttheringsofatreefromtheoutsidetotheinside.Ifthetenthringisfarfromtheeleventh

ring,thenweYesurethatitwassunnyandrainymostofthatyear.Ifitisneartotheeleventhring,then

theclimatethatyearwasbad.

Treeringsareimportantnotonlyforstudyingthehistoryofweatherbutalsoforstudyingthehistory

ofman.ManycenturiesagotherelivedalotofpeopleataplaceinNewMexico.Butnowyoucanfind

onlysandthere—notreesandnopeople.Whathappened?

Ascientiststudiedtheringsofdeadtreesthere.Hefoundthatthepeoplehadtoleavebecausethey

hadcutdownallthetreestomakefiresandbuildings.Asallthetreeshadgone,thepeopletherehadto

move.

1.ingoodclimate.

A.TreeringsgrowfarfromeachotherB.Treeringsbecomethinner

C.Treesdon'tneedsunshineorrainfallD.Peoplecancutdownmostofthetrees

2.Thescientistsareinterestedinstudyingtreeringsbecausetreeringscantell.

A.whetheratreewasstrongornotB.whetherpeopletookgoodcareofthetreesornot

C.whethertheclimatewasgoodornotD.howoldthetreeswere

3.Ifyouwanttofindouttheweatheroftwentyyearsago,youshouldstudy.

A.thetwentiethringB.thetenthring

C.thenineteenthringD.thetwenty-firstring

4.Whydidpeopleusuallyliveinplaceswithlotsoftrees?

A.Treescouldtellthechangeoftheweather

B.Treesbroughtlotsofsunshineandrain

C.Treescouldmakeweathernottoohotortoocold

D.Treescouldbeusedforburningandforbuildinghouse

5.ThepeoplehadtoleavetheplaceinNewMexicobecause.

A.hadweatherstoppedthegrowthoftrees

B.theynolongerhadwaterandthelandbecamesand

C.theydidn'thaveenoughtreesforburning

D.therewastoomuchrainthere

Passage4

Allourfoodcomesfromthesoil（土壤）.Someofuseatmeat,butanimalsliveonplants.Ifthese

werenoplants,weshouldhavenoanimalsandmeat.Sothesoilisnecessaryforlife.

Thetopofgroundisusuallycoveredwithgrassorotherplants.Plantsgrowinsoil,whichhasadark

color.Thisdarksoilishumus,deadleaves,deadplantsandanimalwastemakeit,butthistakesalong

time.Whenthehumushasbeenmade,plantscangrowwellinit.

Allsoilneedsfood.Ifwedon'tgiveitany,theplantswillbeweak.Animalswasteisthebestfoodfor

thesoil,butchemicalfertilizers（化肥）arealsoveryuseful.Thesamecropshouldnotbegrowninthe

sameplaceeveryyear;itisbettertohaveadifferentcrop.Achangeofcropandtheuseofagood

fertilizerwillkeepthelandingoodcondition.

Whenthesoilisdry,thewindblowsitaway.Sometimesheavyraincarriesthehumusdowntoa

river.Peopleshouldgrowmoreandmoretreesandgrasstostopwindfromcarryingthehumusaway.It

takeshundredsofyearstomakehumus,andsowemustsaveeverybitofit.Withoutsoil,wherecanwe

growfood?

I.Fromthetext,weknowpeopleliveon.

A.animalB.plantC.meatD.soil

2.Theword“humus”meansinChinese.

A.微生物B.土壤C.腐殖土D.粘土

3.Weshouldtokeepthesoil.

A.givemorefertilizersB.killmoreanimals

C.makemorehumusD.growmoretreesandgrass

4.Weshouldsaveeverybitofhumus,because.

A.ittakesalongtimetomakehumus

B.themorehumusinthesoil,thebetterplantsgrow

C.thechemicalfertilizersareexpensive

D.AandB

5.Thebesttitleofthistextshouldbe

A.Soilisnecessarytopeople

B.Thesamecropcan*tbegrowninthesameplaceeveryyear

C.Soil'sfoodischemicalfertilizers

D.Humusishardtomake

Passage5

Intheseatherearemanyislands.Initswarmwaterstherearesomelittleones.Wecallthem“coral

Islands**.

Acoralislandisverynicetolookat.Itlookslikearingofland（一圈陆地）withtrees,grass,and

flowersonit.Onepartoftheringisopentothewater.Thereisalittleroundlakeinsidetheisland.

Ifyoulookintothislake,youwillseebeautifulcoral.Yousaythinktheyareflowers.Ifyoulookata

pieceofcoral,youwillseemanylittleholesinit.Ineachoftheseholesaverysmallseaanimalhaslived.

Theseseaanimalsmakethecoral.

Theybegantobuildunderthewater.Yearafteryear,thecoralgrewhigherandhigher.Atlastitgrew

outofthewater.

Thentheseabroughtitsmalltreesandsomethingelse.Aftersomeyears,thesethingschangedinto

earth.Sometimesthewindbroughtseeds（和।子）tothisearth.Sometimesbirdsflewoveritandbrought

seedstotheisland.

Thelittleseedsgrew.Inafewyearstherewereplantsallovertheisland.Inafewmoreyearsthere

weretreesgrowingthere.

Soyousee,theseislandswerebuiltlittlebylittle.Theworkerswereverysmall.Dotheynotteachus

alesson?Canyouthinkwhatthelessonis?

1.Inthesea.

A.therearecoralislandsinallplacesB.therearesomecoralislands

C.thewaterisalwayswarmD.wecanseemanyflowers

2.Acoralislandlookslike.

A.aroundcakeB.trees,grassandflowers

C.aringoflandD.aroundlake

3.Thereareintheholesincorals.

A.flowersB.littlecoralsC.grassD.seaanimals

4.Howdidseedsoftrees,grassandflowerscometothecoralislands?

A.Thewindandbirdsbroughtthemtothecoralislands

B.Onlythewindbroughtthemthere

C.Peoplebroughtthemthere

D.Fishesbroughtthemthere

5.Fromthestorywelearnthat.

A.smallworkerscan'tdobigthings

B.onlybigworkerscandobigthings

C.smallworkerscandobigthingsiftheyworkhardworkandworkalongtime

D.allsmallthingscandobigthings

Passage6

Whensomeplatesoftheearthmovesuddenly,anearthquakehappens.Manyearthquakesbegin

underthesea.Earthquakesmayhappenanywhereontheearth.Theyoftenhappennearthemountains.

Duringanearthquake,theshakingsmakerocksrisesuddenlyandevencrack（断裂）open.Houses

fall,peoplearekilledorhurt,andsometimesthewholevillagesorcitiesaredestroyed.

Canwedosomethingtokeepourselvessafefromearthquakes?Scientistshavestudied

earthquakesandmakemapsthatshowthe"earthquakebelts".Inareas（地区）inthesebelts,itspossible

forearthquakestohappen.Intheseareasweshouldbuildstronghousestofightagainstearthquakes.

Inthefuture,scientistsw川beabletotellwhenandwhereanearthquakewillbebeforetheyhappen.

Theycanalsotellpeoplewhattodoandhowtodoit.

1.Alargenumberofearthquakesoftenhappens.

A.intheareaB.onlandC.atnightD.nexttomountains

2.Thereasonforanearthquakeis.

A.theresultofrockplatesuddenmovement

B.thattherearesomanyplatesontheearth

C.thattheseaistoodeep

D.rocks'crackingopen

3.Amapshowingtheearthquakebeltswilltellpeople.

A.whatkindofhousestobuild

B.whatkindofhousescanstayupinanearthquake

C.whereearthquakemayhappen

D.howtokeepthemselvessafeduringanearthquake

4.Inthefuturewellbenolongersoafraidofearthquakes.

A.withthehelpofscientists1exactprediction（预报）

B.becauseofamapshowingthe"earthquakebelts”

C.becausewecanguessthedateandplaceofearthquakes

D.asscientistsknowwhattodoandhowtodoit

5.Choosethebesttitlefrothepassage.

A.AnEarthquakeB.AScientistandanEarthquake

C.HowtoFightAgainstEarthquakeD.EarthquakesTodayandTomorrow

Passage7

Itseemstousthattheearthstandsquitestill（静i上的）.Butitisreallymovingallthetime.Itturns

aroundamake-believelinethroughitscenter.Wecallthismake-believelinetheearth'saxis（地轴）.The

twoendsoftheearth'saxisarecalleditspoles（极）.Theearthtravelstwenty-fourhoursarounditsaxis

once.

Welookatthesunandsayit“travels“acrossthesky,butthesundoesn'treallydoso.Theturningof

theearthmakesusfeelasifthesunweremovingacrossthesky.Wecan'tseethattheearthismoving

becauseeverythingelseontheearthisturningwithus.Astheearthturnsaroundeverytwenty-four

hours,firstonehalffacesthesunandthentheotherhalf.Whenourhalfoftheearthisfacingthesun,we

sayitis“day”.Whenourhalfisawayfromthesun,wesayitis“night”.Itistheturningoftheearththat

tellsuswhentogotobedandwhentogetup.

I.Themeaningof“amake-believeline"isHalinethatn.

A.iscalledpoleB.wecan'tsee

C.anyonecanseeD.wecanmakeandbelieve

2.Ittakestheearthtoturnarounditsaxisonce.

A.aweekB.amonthC.12hoursD.24hours

3.Usuallywesay,uThesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest."Infact,thesun.

A.doesnotmoveB.ismovingallthetime

C.movessometimesD.istooheavytomove

4.Wecan'tseetheearthmovingbecause.

A.theearthstandsstillB.everythingontheearthismovingwithus

C.theearthissmallerthanthesunD.theearthgoesonlyatnight

5.Whenourpartoftheearthturnsawayfromthesunwehave""，andwhenourpartfaces

thesunwehave"

A.day;nightB.day;dayC.night;dayD.night;night

Passage8

Weknowthemosquitoverywell.Mosquitoesflyeverywhere.Theycanbefoundalmostalloverthe

world,andtherearemorethan2,500kindsofthem.

Noonelikesthemosquito.Butthemosquitomaydecidethatshelovesyou.She?Yes,she.It'strue

thatmalemosquitodoesn'tbite（咬）andonlythefemalemosquitobitesbecausesheneedsbloodtolay

eggs.Sheisalwayslookingforthingsorpeopleshewantstobite.Ifshelikeswhatshefinds,shebites.

Butifshedoesn'tlikeyourblood,shewillturntosomeoneelseformoredeliciousblood.Nexttimea

mosquitobitesyou,justrememberyouarechosen.You'redifferentfromtheothers!

Ifthemosquitolikesyou,shelandsonyourbodywithoutlettingyouknow.Shebitesyousoquickly

andquietlythatyoumaynotfeelanythingdifferent.Aftershebites,youwillhaveanitch（痒）onyour

bodybecausesheputssomethingfromhermouthtogetherwithyourblood.Bythetimetheitching

begins,andshehasflownaway.

Andthenwhathappens?Well,afterherdeliciousdinner,themosquitofeelstired.Shejustwantsto

findaplacetohaveagoodrest.There,onaleaforawall,shebeginstolayeggs,hundredsofeggs.

1.“Mosquito”meansinChinese.

A.苍蝇B.蜻蜓C.跳蚤D.蚊子

2.Weknowmosquitoesverywellbecause.

A.theycanbefoundeasilyB.theyflyhereandthere

C.therearemanykindsofthemD.theycanfly

3.Ifthemosquitodoesn'tbiteyou,itwill.

A.getangrywithyouB.beafraidofyou

C.makealotofnoiseD.chooseanotherone

4.Themosquitobitesyou.

A.whenyou'reasleepB.becauseyouhavechooseit

C.tooquicklytoletyouknowD.butdoesn'tlikeyou

5.Whichofthefollowingsentencesiswrong?

A.Theitchingbeginsafterthemosquitobitesyou.B.Youfeelterriblewhenthemosquitobitesyou.

C.Mosquitoesusebloodtolayeggs.D.Allthemosquitoesdon'tliketobitepeopleforblood.

Passage9

We'vetalkedaboutsnails（蜗牛）andtheirslowmove.Butmuchofthetimesnailsdon'tmoveatall.

Theyareintheirshells（壳）一sleeping.

Hotsunwilldryoutasnaifsbody.Soattheleastsignofhotsun,asnaildrawsitsbodyintohisshell.

Asnailwilldieinaheavyrain.Sowhenitrains,asnaildoesthesamething,too.Asnailcansleepforas

longasitneedsto.Itspendsallthewintermonthsinitsshell,asleep.

Inthespringthesnailwakesup.Itsbody,aboutthreeincheslong,comesoutfromtheshell.When

hungry,thesnaillooksforfood.Itseyes,attheendofthetopfeelers（触角），areveryweak.Butitssense

（）就觉）ofsmellisverystrong.Ithelpsthesnailtofindfoodandthenewgreens.

Asnaifsmouthisnobiggerthanthepointofapin(大头针).Yetithas256,000teeth!Theteethare

verysmall,andyoucan'tseethem.Ifyouputasnailinahardpaperbox,itw川eatitswayout!Andifa

snailwearsoutitsteeth,itwillgrownewones.

1.Asnail.

A.movesmoreslowlyatnightB.hasthousandsoffeet

C.doesn'tmoveatallD.sleepsmuchofthetime

2.Inthesentence“Asnaildrawsitsbodyintoitsshell”,theword"draw"means.

A.tomakewithapencilB.topushC.topullD.tomoveaway

3.Fromthestory,weknow.

A.asnaiPsshellisverythinB.asnailcan'tseewell

C.asnaifsnoseisquiteshortD.asnaifsbodychangesindifferentseasons

4.Asnailgoestosleepwhen.

A.itfeelshungryB.itisputintoapaperbox

C.springiscomingD.itrainsheavily

5.Whichofthefollowingiswrong?

A.Inwinterthesnaildoesn'teatormove.B.Asnaildoesnllikelivingunderthesun.

C.Thesnail'steethcan'tbewornout.D.ThesnaiPsnosehelpstofindfood.

Passage10

Jupiter'sMoonsandHowTheyTravel

ThemanymoonsofJupitertravelaroundtheplanetindifferentdirections(方,向).

Jupiteristhelargestplanetinoursolarsystem.Overtheyears,scientistshavefoundthatJupiter

hasitsownsmallsolarsystem.Earthhasonemoon.Jupiterhasatleastsixteenandprobablymore.

Sincetherearesomanymoons,scientistsbegantonumberthem.Thenumerals(numbers)tellthe

sequence,ororder,inwhichthemoonswerefound.Theywereslowertonamethemoons.Allof

Jupiter'smoonsnowhaveanameaswellasanumber.

Thefirstfivemoonstobediscoveredareknownasthe"innermoons”.Buttheyarenottheclosestto

theplanet.Theclosestisonly127,600kilometersawayfromJupiter.Alltheinnermoonscircletheplanet

incounter-clockwisedirection,thatis,oppositeofthehandsofaclock.

Jupiter*smiddlegroupofmoonsareatleast11,100,000kilometersfromtheplanet.Theyalsomove

inacounter-clockwisemotion(moving).Thefourfarthestmoonsareatleast20,700,000kilometersaway.

Thesearecalled"outermoons".Theycircleinaclockwisemotion.

Howmanymoremoonsdoyouthinkwillbediscovered?

1.Whatdoes“solarsystem"inthisarticlemean?

A.银河系B.宇宙空间C.流星雨D.太阳系

2.Thingsthattravelinthesamedirectionasthehandsofaclockaresaidtobetravelingina.

A.clockwisedirectionB.counter-clockwisedirection

C.samedirectionD.differentdirection

3.Jupiter'sgroupofmoonstravelinaclockwisedirection.

A.planetsB.innerC.middleD.outer

4.ThenumbersgiventoJupiter'smoonstell.

A.theorderinwhichtheywerediscoveredB.theorderinwhichtheytravel

C.theorderoftheirdistancefromJupiterD.theorderofnames

5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.NoneofJupiter'smoonshavenames.B.MostofJupiter'smoonscircleclockwise.

C.Jupiter'sinnermoonswerediscoveredfirst.D.Jupiteristhenearestplanettotheearth.

6.HowfarawayarethemiddlegroupofmoonsfromJupiter?

A.It*snotmentioned.B.11,100,000kilometersaway.

C.127,600kilometersaway.D.20,700,000kilometersaway.

Passage11

WHYISTHESUNIMPORTANT?

Thesunisahuge,hot,brightstar.ItisimportantbecausewithoutittherewouldbenolifeonEarth.

Thesungivesuslightandheat.

Alllivingthingsneedlightandheatfromthesuntolive.Plantsneedlightandheattogrow.Theyuse

thelightfromthesuntomakefood.Wecannotmakeourownfood,butplantscan.Allthefoodweeat

comesfromplantsinafoodchain（链）whichstartswiththesun.Forexample,

Animalsneedsunlight,too.Justlikeus,theirfoodcomesfromafoodchainwhichbeginswiththe

sunandtheplants.

sun—>leaf->caterpillar（毛虫）-bird

sun一seaweed（海藻）—smallfish->whale（鲸）

Sunlightmeanswecanseeduringtheday.Iftherewasnosun,itwouldbedarkallthetime.Even

whentheskyiscloudy,thesunlightisverystronganditshinesthroughtheclouds.

1.Whichwordstelluswhatthesunislike?

A.Huge.B.Hot.C.Bright.D.Allabove.

2.Whatarethetwomainthingsthesungivesus?

A.Lightandheat.B.Heatandeggs.C.Cornandlight.D.Wheatandbread.

3.Whycanwestillseeduringthedaywhentheskyiscloudy?

A.Becausewecanseealldayandallnight.

B.Becausethesuncan'tgiveuslightalldaylong.

C.Becausethesunlightcanshinethroughtheclouds.

D.Becausewecan'tseeatnight.

4.AIIthefoodweeatcomesfrom.Anditstartswiththe.

A.plants;earthB.afoodchain;sun

C.food;sunD.plants;star

5.lnwhatwaydoyouthinkthesuncannotbeharmful（有害的）？

A.Thesuncandoharmtoyoureyesandskin.

B.Itcanmakeriverstoodry.

C.WithoutittherewouldbenolifeonEarth.

D.Hotsunondrylandcancausefires.

Passage12

Mostanimalsonlyhaveanimalsofadifferentkindforfood.Butsometimestwokindsofanimals

cometogetherinapartnership（伙伴关系）whichisgoodforthem.Youmayhavenoticedsomebirdson

thebacksofsheep.Thisisnotbecausetheywantaride,butbecausetheyfindeasyfoodintheparasites

（寄生虫）onsheep.Thesheepletthebirdsdosobecausetheycanstoptheparasitesfromtroubling

them.Sothoughtheycandowithitbythemselves,theycandobettertogetherwitheachother.

Sometimesananimalhasaplantpartner.Therelationshipdevelopsuntilthetwopartnerscannotdo

withouteachother.Thisissoincoralsofthesea.Insidetheirbodiestheyhaveverysmallplants,which

actas“cleaners",takingtheuselessthingsfromthecoralandgivingoxygeninreturn.Thatiswhatthe

animalneedstolive.Iftheplantsarekilled,orareevenkeptfromreceivinglightsothattheycannotlive

asusual,thecoralswilldie.

1.Somebirdsliketositonasheepbecause.

A.theycaneatitsparasitesB.theyenjoytravelingwiththesheep

C.theycanrtlivewithoutitsparasitesD.theywanttofindthewarmplace

2.Theunderlinedword“they"inthefirstparagraphmeans.

A.birdsandparasitesB.birdsandsheep

C.parasitesandsheepD.birds,parasitesandsheep

3.Welearnfromthepassagethatcoralsneedplantsfor.

A.friendsB.lightC.foodD.oxygen

4.TheChinesefortheword“oxygen"is.

A.氧气B.空气C.废气D.二氧化碳

5.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Someanimalsandplantscannotlivewithouteachother.

B.Someanimalsandplantscannotdeveloptheirfriendshipeasily.

C.Someplantseateachother.

D.Someanimalslivebettertogether.

实战演练答案详解缤纷自然篇

Passage1

【答案与解析】这篇短文讲述了某些生物的迁移这一自然现象，并分析了迁移的原因。科学家们最近

又研究了龙虾海底成群结队迁移的现象。它们选择在每年天气不好的季节里进行迁移，其中的原因及迁移

的目的，科学家尚未弄清楚。

1.C.起初一看，四个选项好像都在文中叙述过，但仔细分析题干中的“mostanimals”这一关键词语，便

可排除其它选项。在第一段最后一句中可找到答案的出处。

2.A.有关“salmon”的情况在第二自然段中作了叙述。这种鱼出生在淡水中，后不到咸水地区居住，在

那里度过一生中绝大部分时光。到老了以后又回到它出生之时的淡水之中。仔细分析题干中的“spendalong

life”和短文中的关键句“Thereitspendsitslife.”便可断定答案为A,

3.B„"theyleavetheirmountainhomeswhentheybecometoocrowded."一句是答案的出处。

4.B。该题答案的出处是文章的第三自然段。文中说，龙虾是在海底成群结队游动的时间是每年天气不

好的季节，目的及它们到哪里去谁也不知道，余项与文章叙述不符。

5.D,文中第二自然段叙述了“salmon”和北欧的•种老鼠迁移方向和原因；第三自然段叙述了龙虾的游

动情况，但原因不知道。最后一段开头一句正是对本文主题的概括。

Passage2

【答案与解析】本文向我们介绍了有关彗星方面的知识。与地球一样，彗星也是绕太阳旋转的，它本

身不发光，靠反射太阳的光而发亮。短文中还介绍了彗星的成因，它拖着的长尾巴是如何形成的以及著名

的哈雷彗星名字的由来。

1,D»"Liketheearth,acometgoesroundthesun,but..."是判断本题的根据。

2.Co根据“...iswaterfrozenintopiecesoficeandmixedwithironandrockdustandperhapsafew

bigpiecesofrock.”这句话即能得出答案。

3.D..由第五段的首句"Manypeopleperhapshaveseenacomet.”可知。

4.Co*'Somecometsmoveoutofoursightandnevercomeback.Otherskeepcomingbackatregular

times.”一句是答案的出处。

5.Co哈雷彗星每七十六年才能看到一次。再结合“...thelasttimeitcameclosetothesunandtheearth

wasintheyear1986.”这句话的意思，即可得到答案。

Passage3

【答案与解析】这篇短文介绍的是有关植物年轮方面的小知识。由于树木的生长要受到阳光、降水等

方面的影响，从一,棵树上的年轮分布情况匕可以推断出树木所生长地方以前的气候状况。年轮不仅对科

学家研究地球上的气候环境有非常重要的参考价值，而且更为有趣的是，它还能帮助科学家们研究人类的

历史呢。

1.Ao*'lfthetenthringisfarfromtheeleventhring,thenwe'resurethatitwassunnyandrainymostof

thatyear.”一句即是答案所在。

2.Co文章第•段"DoyouknowtheycantelluswhattheweatherwasIke…”和第三段的首句“Tree

ringsareimportantnotonlyforstudyingthehistoryofweather…”都有所暗示。

3.Ao答案就在“…tofindouttheweatheroftenyearsago,counttheringsofatreefromtheoutside

totheinside.Ifthetenthringisfarfromtheeleventhring…”一句中。

4,Do短文最后•段说，人们建房做饭都离不开树木。人所居住的周围环境中如果没有了树木，那么人

也就迁移了。所以答案为D。

5.B0根据最后两段所叙述的内容，再联系植物对人类的重要作用，则不难得出答案。

Passage4

【答案与解析】土壤是人类赖以生存的自然条件之-o没有了土壤或者是土壤受到了较为严重的破坏，

就会直接危及到人类的生存。本文在阐述土壤的成因、特性和重要性之后，呼吁大家都要保护土壤。

1.D..综合考虑第•段的意思，唯有D才是最恰当的选项。

2.Co根据"Thisdarksoilishumus,deadleaves,deadplantsandanimalwa