2022届二轮英语复习阅读中的主旨大意解题探秘（37张）

HowToGetTheMainIdea

ofaparagraphandapassage？如何获取段落及短文的主旨大意?

Warming-upactivity:Guessingfourriddles.（谜语）

1.Guessingakindofdrink:Whatcanyouswallowthatcanalsoswallowyou？

a.coffeeb.tea

c.water

2.Guessingathing:It's

round

and

it

is

bright.

Inthedayithangsintheskyandgivesoutlight.Butnobodycanseeitatnight.

theSun

3.Guessinganumber:What5-letterwordhassixleftwhenyoutake2lettersaway?sixty

4.Guessing:

Davidwasoutforawalkwhenitstartedtorain.Hedidnothaveanumbrellaandhewasn‘twearingahat.Hisclothesweresoaked,yetnotasinglehaironhisheadgotwet.Howcouldthishappen?Becausehe’sbald.

Gooverthefourtypesofquestionsinreadingcomprehension:4.Questionsaboutguessingthemeaningofcertainwords,phraseorsentences.1.Questionsaboutfacts/details;2.Questionsonthemainideaofaparagraphorapassage;3.Questionsaboutmakinginference

orunderstandingtheimplied

meanings;(inference推断)

Pleaseidentify(确定)thequestionsconcernedwiththemainidea.（Ticktherightone）WhydidJackyrundownstairsfirst?Thepassagemainlytellsthereader______?Thephrase“thelaststraw”inthemiddleofthepassageprobablyrefersto_______.4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?

5.Whichofthefollowingisprobablythebesttitleofthepassage?

6.Thepassageismainlyconcernedwith___________.Questiononthedetail

Question

onguessingthemeaning

Thecommonformsofquestions

concernedwiththemainideainreadingcomprehension:Themainideaofthepassageis…Thepassageismainlyabout…Thepassageismainlydiscuss…Whatisthepassagemainlyabout..Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbebestsummarizethemainideaofthepassage?I.主题型主旨大意题的题干

Thecommonformsofquestions

concernedwiththemainideainreadingcomprehension:Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthepassageisto…2.Thepassageismeantto…3.Theauthor’spurpose…istoshow..4.Thepurposeofthearticleisto…II.目的类的主旨大意题

Thecommonformsofquestions

concernedwiththemainideainreadingcomprehension:Thebesttitleforthepassagemightbe…Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe…Whichofthefollowingtitlesbestsummarizethemainideaofthepassage?III.标题类的主旨大意题

Howtogetthemainideaofaparagraph?Payattentiontothestructureofaparagraph!Generallyspeaking,therearethreedifferenttypesofsentencesinaparagraphwrittenintheformofanargumentation(议论文):Topicsentence;Supportingsentences;Concludingsentence.asentencetotellthereaderwhattheparagraphismainlyabout.sentencestogivemoredetailedinformationaboutthetopicsentence.asentencetoendaparagraphortosummarize(总结）theideas.(主题句)(扩展句/阐述句)(结论句/结尾句)

Pleaseanalyzethesentencesinthefollowingparagraphandtellapartthethreedifferenttypesofsentences:Technologyismakingpeoplelazy.Nowwhendoinglaundry,weswitchonthewashingmachineinsteadofusingourhands.Wemoveonwheelsinsteadofonfoot.Tocalculate,weusetheelectroniccalculatorinsteadofourbrainsorabacus.BeforetheinventionofTV,peoplewalkedmilesinordertoseeamovie.ButnowwelieinbedenjoyingTVprogramsrightathome,showingnointerestinthetheater.Washingmachines,cars,TVandsomeothermoderninventionsarekeepingusawayfromexercise.

TopicsentenceSupportingsentencesConcludingsentence

Workingroupsofthreeandfindthetopicsentenceofeachparagraph!1

Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.Experimentsshowthatcigarettesmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousandterribledisease(illness)----cancer,cigarettesmokingcanalsocauseotherhealthproblems.Forexample,itcangiveonea“smoker’scough”.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforcigarettesmokerstocatchcolds.Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldorterriblekiller,cancer,smokingisharmful.Isitworthit?2

Oftennoonelooksmoreguiltierthantheinnocent.Ontheotherhand,nobodymaylookmoreinnocentthanaprofessionalcriminal.Andthemanwhoknows“everything”mayreallyonlybetryingtohidehisownweakness.So,itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance.

3

Everybridewantsherweddingtobethemostwonderfuldayofherlife.Butperfectweddingsrequirecarefulplanning,whetherthebrideandbridegroomareplanningatraditionalweddingorjustaregistryofficeceremony.Payingforthewedding,whichisalwaysaproblem,willpartlydecidethechoice.

TomstudiedforfouryearsattheUniversityofParisanddecidedtoleavebeforehisgraduation.HetransferredtotheUniversityofBerlinandgraduatedwithhonors.HarvardLawSchooland,later,BostonCollegeprovidedhimwithanexcellentlegalbackground.HeispresentlyacorporationlawyerinMiami,Florida.

Themainideaofthisparagraphisthat______.

A.Tom,whohadstudiedatParisUniversitiesfor

fouryears,movedtoanotheruniversity.

B.Tombecamealawyersincehisgraduationfrom

HarvardLawSchoolandlaterfromBoston

College.

C.Tomwasanexcellentstudentwhenhestudiedat

Berlinuniversity.

D.Tomreceivedanexcellenteducation.detaildetaildetailDifferentTypesOfParagraphStructurestypeThepositionofthe

topicsentence

AtthebeginningofaparagraphAttheendofaparagraphInthemiddleofaparagraphNocleartopicsentenceConclusion1：

Howcanwegetthemainideaofaparagraph？

(1)

Wecangetthemainideaofaparagraphbyfinding_______________，whichmayappearatthebeginningof、inthemiddleoforattheendofaparagraph;(2)Ifwecan’tfindatopicsentencefromtheparagraph,we’llhaveto

generalize(归纳）themainideafromthewholeparagraphourselves.

thetopicsentence

Howtogetthemainideaofapassage(anargumentation议论文

)?

Learningtoswimtakestimeandeffortbutthisisrewardedinmanywayswhenonecanswim.Thefactisthatitisaverygoodformofexercise.Doctorsarestronglyinfavorofitbecauseinswimmingallthemusclesofthebodyareused.

Inaddition,swimminggivesgreatpleasure.Howniceitis,onahotdustydayinsummer,totakeoffone’sclothes,putonone’sbathingsuitandplungeintothecoolwaterofthesea,andtoswimandfloatuntiloneistired.

Pleasecirclethemainideaofthewholepassageandtrytofindthetopicsentenceofeachsupportingparagraph.MainideaTopicsentenceinsupportingparagraph1Topicsentenceinsupportingparagraph2

Moreover,swimmingmaysometimesmeanallthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.Weneverknowwhenwemaybeindangerfromwater.Wegoonavoyage,andtheshipiswrecked,orweslipaswearewalkingalongthebankofariverandfallintothewater.Ifwecanswimthechancesarethatwecansaveourlives,butifwecannotswim,weareprettycertaintobedrowned.

Lastbutnotleast,ifwecanswim,wemaybeabletosaveotherpeoplefromdrowning.Howfineitistobeabletosaveanother’slifebuthowsadtoseeafrienddrowningbeforeoureyes,whenwecannothelphimbecausewecannotswim.

Topicsentenceinsupportingparagraph3Topicsentenceinsupportingparagraph4

Readingcomprehension

Asenseofhumor,god’sgreatestgifttomankind,isuniversallyconsideredthemostvaluablepersonality.Itisbornwithineveryperson’sheart,buthastobecultivated(培养).Apersonwithouthumorisjustlikeaspringwithoutflowers,orlikeadishwithoutseasoning(调味品，作料).Inasense,yourpersonalityliesinyoursenseofhumor.

Humorcanimprovephysicalaswellasmentalwell-being（健康）.Ithelpsusbearourburdens,lessenourtension,overcomeourfrustration.Withapieceofjoke,allourworriesandsadnessdisappearlikesmoke,andwearefullofvigoronceagain.Topicsentenceinsupportingparagraph1

Humorhelpsusliveinharmonywithothers.Itisunavoidabletohavemisunderstandingandtensionwithothersduringworkandstudy.Buthumorcaneasetheseproblemsquickerthanangrywordsorquarrels.Withityoucanalwayskeepongoodtermswithothers.Asenseofhumorisreallyoneofthekeystohappiness.Itgivesfunandzest（乐趣）

tolifetomakeitworthliving.Topicsentenceinsupportingparagraph2Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthepassage?A.Humorisbornwithineveryone’sheart.

B.Itisimportanttohaveasenseofhumor.C.Humorhelpsusliveinharmonywithothers.D.Humorcanimprovephysicalaswellasmentalwell-being.detaildetailMainideaTip1:Avoidbeingtakenin(蒙蔽)bysomepartiallydiscussedfacts,ideasorarguments；detail

Tip2:

Usethestrategy(策略）ofgeneralizing（归纳)fromallthefacts,ideas,orarguments.Conclusion2：Howtogetthemainideaofapassage(anargumentation)?1）Togetthemainideaofapassage,weshouldpaymoreattentiontothestructureofapassage.2）Sometimes,wecangetthemainideaofanargumentationbyfindingthetopicsentence.3）Butinmanycases,ifwecan’tfindthetopicsentence,wemayhaveto_________________________________________________________________.

generalize(归纳）themainideafromallthedetailsofthepassageourselvesSupportingsentences(details)ParagraphideasPassageideaMainideaHowtogetthemainidea?Tip:Paymoreattentiontothestructureofaparagraphorapassage!我来试一下

Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetipofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.

Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.Magellan’svoyagewasthefirsttriparoundtheworld.

MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetipofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.1.time2.shipsandpeople3.route4.Sufferingsanddifficultiesa.Lackoffoodandfreshwaterb.Hungeranddiseasesc.DeathsTheprocessofMagellan’slongdifficultvoyage5.successSpainTheCapeofGoodHopeThetipofSouthAmericaThePacificOceanThePhilippineIslandsTheIndianOcean

Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundthe