2022年全国攻读工商管理硕士学位研究生入学考试(英语试题2)

精品文档-下载后可编辑年全国攻读工商管理硕士学位研究生入学考试(英语试题2)2022年全国攻读工商管理硕士学位研究生入学考试(英语试题2)

SectionIVocabulary(10points)Directions:Thereare20incompletesentencesinthissection.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithapencil.

1.Theeducation________forthecomingyearisabout$4billion,whichismuchmorethanwhatpeopleexpected.[0.5分]

A.tariff

B.revenue

C.budget

D.fee

2.Itwillbesafertowalkthestreetsbecausepeoplewillnotneedtocarrylargeamountsofcash;virtuallyallfinancial_________willbeconductedbycomputer.[0.5分]

A.transmissions

B.transitions

C.transactions

D.transformations

3.Atlast,theprisonerwas______ofhiscivillibertyforthreeyears.[0.5分]

A.derived

B.stripped

C.deprived

D.declined

4.Yourfailureto________withasupervisor’sdirectionwillresultinyourscoresbeingcancelled.[0.5分]

A.comply

B.compel

C.conform

D.compile

5.Interestratesgenerally______inacyclicalmannerdependinguponthestrengthandweaknessoftheeconomicsystem.[0.5分]

A.flush

B.flatten

C.fluctuate

D.activate

6.Hemadesucha______contributiontotheuniversitythattheyarenamingoneofthenewbuildingafterhim.[0.5分]

A.genuine

B.minimum

C.modest

D.generous

7.Althoughhewasonadiet,thefood______himenormously.[0.5分]

A.Inspired

B.tempted

C.overcame

D.encouraged

8.Theytossedyourthoughtsbackandforthforoveranhour,butstillcouldnotmake______ofthem[0.5分]

A.Impression

B.comprehension

C.meaning

D.sense

9.Inthepastfiveyear,workershaveattainedanewImpression______Ofhumandignity[0.5分]

A.statue

B.station

C.status

D.stature

10.IshalltakeyoubacktoBeijing______youarewellenoughtotravel.[0.5分]

A.presently

B.promptly

C.immediately

D.shortly

11.Thosenationsthat_________intheinternalaffairsofanothernationshouldbeuniversallycondemned.[0.5分]

A.interrelate

B.interrupt

C.intervene

D.interfere

12._______thesequestionsmaysoundacademic,answerstothemcouldhaveprofoundeconomicandpoliticalsignificance.[0.5分]

A.Since

B.While

C.Unless

D.Lest

13.Therearenationswhose__________ofcontactwiththeoutsideworldhasresultedinpoverty.[0.5分]

A.short

B.lack

C.thirst

D.appetites

14.Everythingrequires__________.Tomethemottoisnevergiveup.[0.5分]

A.persistence

B.consistency

C.constancy

D.insistence

15.Thenewly-builtScienceBuildingseems_______enoughtolastahundredyears.[0.5分]

A.spacious

B.sophisticated

C.substantial

D.steady

16.WhenIboughtthiswatch,Iwasgivenayear’s________.[0.5分]

A.assurance

B.insurance

C.guarantee

D.safety

17.Britain’spressisunusual__________itisdividedintotwoverydifferenttypesofnewspaper:thequalitypressandthepopularpress.[0.5分]

A.inhow

B.inwhich

C.inwhat

D.inthat

18.Themothersaidshewould________hersonwashingthedishesifhecouldfinishhisassignmentbeforesupper.[0.5分]

A.letdown

B.letalone

C.letoff

D.letout

19.Theyworkedtogetherandso_________thetaskinamonth.[0.5分]

A.carriedout

B.carriedthrough

C.carriedon

D.carriedoff

20.Manyofthescientistsandengineersarejudged_________howgreattheirachievementsare.[0.5分]

A.inspiteof

B.inwaysof

C.infavorof

D.intermsof

SectionⅡCloze(10points)Doyouwakeupeverydayfeelingtootired,orevenupset?Ifso,thenanewalarmclockcouldbejustforyou.Theclock,calledSleepSmart,measuresyoursleepcycle,andwaits1youtobeinyourlightestphaseofsleep2rousingyou.Itsmakerssaythatshould3youwakeupfeelingrefreshedeverymorning,Asyousleepyoupass4asequenceofsleepstates-lightsleep,deepsleepandREM(rapideyemovement)sleep–that5approximatelyevery90minutes.Thepointinthatcycleatwhichyouwakecan6howyoufeellater,andmay7haveagreaterimpactthanhowmuchorlittleyouhaveslept.Beingrousedduringalightphase8youaremorelikelytowakeupenergetic.SleepSmart9thedistinctpatternofbrainwaves10duringeachphaseofsleep,viaaheadbandequipped11electrodes(电极)andamicroprocessor.Thismeasurestheelectricalactivityofthewearer’sbrain,inmuchthe12wayassomemachinesusedformedicalandresearch13,andcommunicateswirelesslywithaclockunitnearthebed.You14theclockwiththelatesttimeat15youwanttobewakened,andit16duly(适时地)wakesyouduringthelastlightsleepphasebeforethat.The17wasinventedbyagroupofstudentsatBrownUniversityinRhodeIsland18afriendcomplainedofwakinguptiredandperformingpoorlyonatest,“19sleep–deprivedpeopleourselves,westartedthinkingof20todoaboutit,”saysEricShashoua,arecentcollegegraduateandnowchiefexecutiveofficerofAxonSleepResearchLaboratories,acompanycreatedbythestudentstodeveloptheiridea.

1.[0.5分]

A.beside

B.near

C.for

D.around

2.[0.5分]

A.upon

B.before

C.towards

D.till

3.[0.5分]

A.ensure

B.assure

C.require

D.request

4.[0.5分]

A.through

B.into

C.about

D.on

5.[0.5分]

A.reveals

B.reverses

C.resumes

D.repeats

6.[0.5分]

A.effect

B.affect

C.reflect

D.perfect

7.[0.5分]

A.already

B.ever

C.never

D.even

8.[0.5分]

A.means

B.marks

C.says

D.dictates

9.[0.5分]

A.removes

B.relieves

C.records

D.recalls

10.[0.5分]

A.proceeded

B.produced

C.pronounced

D.progressed

11.[0.5分]

A.by

B.of

C.with

D.over

12.[0.5分]

A.familiar

B.similar

C.identical

D.same

13.[0.5分]

A.findings

B.prospects

C.proposals

D.purposes

14.[0.5分]

A.prompt

B.program

C.plug

D.plan

15.[0.5分]

A.where

B.this

C.which

D.that

16.[0.5分]

A.then

B.also

C.almost

D.yet

17.[0.5分]

A.claim

B.conclusion

C.concept

D.explanation

18.[0.5分]

A.once

B.after

C.since

D.while

19.[0.5分]

A.Besides

B.Despite

C.To

D.As

20.[0.5分]

A.what

B.how

C.whether

D.when

SectionⅢReadingComprehension(40points)PassageOneJustfiveone-hundredthsofaninchthick,lightgoldenincolorandwithaperfect“saddlecurl,”theLay’spotatochipseemsanunlikelyweaponforglobaldomination.Butitsmaker,Frito-Lay,thinksotherwise.“Potatochipsareasnackfoodfortheworld,”saidSalmanAmin,thecompany’sheadofglobalmarketing.AminbelievesthereisnocorneroftheworldthatcanresistthecharmsofaFrito-Laypotatochip.Frito-LayisthebiggestsnackmakerinAmerica,ownedbyPepsiCo,andaccountsforoverhalfoftheparentcompany’s$3billionannualprofits.ButtheU.S.snackfoodmarketislargelysaturated,andtogrow,thecompanyhastolookoverseas.Itsstrategyrestsontwobeliefs:first,aglobalproductofferseconomiesofscalewithwhichlocalbrandscannotcompete,andsecond,consumersinthe21stcenturyaredrawnto“global”asaconcept.”Global”doesnotmeanproductsthatareconsciouslyidentifiedasAmerican,butonesthatconsumes—especiallyyoungpeople—seeaspartofamodern,innovative(创新的)worldinwhichpeoplearelinkedacrossculturesbysharedbeliefsandtastes.PotatochipsareanAmericaninvention,butmostChinese,forinstance,donotknowthatFrito-LayisanAmericancompany.Instead,Riskey,thecompany’sresearchanddevelopmenthead,wouldhopetheyassociatethebrandwiththenewworldofglobalcommunicationsandbusiness.Withbrandperceptionacrucialfactor,RiskeyorderedaredesignoftheFrito-Laylogo(标识).Thelogo,alongwiththecompany’slong-heldmarketingimageofthe“irresistibility”ofitschips.wouldhelpfacilitatethecompany’sglobalexpansion.TheexecutivesacknowledgethattheytrytoswingnationaleatinghabitstoafoodcreatedinAmerica,buttheydenythatamountstoeconomicimperialism.Rater,theyseeFrito-Layasspreadingthebenefitsoffreeenterpriseacrosstheworld.“We’remakingproductsinthosecountries,we’readaptingthemtothetastesofthosecountries,buildingbusinessesandemployingpeopleandchanginglives,”saidSteveReinemund,PepsiCo’schiefexecutive.

1.ItisthebeliefofFrito-Lay’sheadofglobalmarketingthat______.[2分]

A.potatochipscanhardlybeusedasaweapontodominatetheworldmarket

B.theircompanymustfindnewwaystopromotedomesticsales.

C.thelightgoldencolorenhancesthecharmoftheircompany’spotatochips

D.peopleallovertheworldenjoyeatingtheircompany’spotatochips

2.WhatdowelearnaboutFrito-LayfromParagraph2?[2分]

A.Itsproductsusedtobepopularamongoverseasconsumers.

B.Itsexpansionhascausedfiercecompetitioninthesnackmarket.

C.Itgiveshalfofitsannualprofitstoitsparentcompany.

D.Itneedstoturntothewordmarketfordevelopment.

3.OneoftheassumptionsonwhichFrito-Laybasesitsdevelopmentstrategyisthat_______.[2分]

A.consumersworldwidetodayareattractedbyglobalbrands

B.localbrandscannotcompetesuccessfullywithAmericanbrands

C.productssuitingChineseconsumers’needsbringmoreprofits

D.productsidentifiedasAmericanwillhavepromisingmarketvalue

4.WhydidRiskeyhavetheFrito-Laylogoredesigned?[2分]

A.Tosuitchangingtastesofyoungconsumers.

B.Topromotethecompany'sstrategyofglobalization.

C.Tochangethecompany’slong-heldmarketingimage.

D.TocompetewithotherAmericanchipproducers.

5.Frito-Lay'sexecutivesclaimthatthepromotingofAmericanfoodintheinternationalmarket_______.[2分]

A.won’taffecttheeatinghabitsofthelocalpeople

B.willleadtoeconomicimperialism

C.willbeintheinterestofthelocalpeople

D.won’tspoilthetasteoftheirchips

PassageTwo“Humansshouldnottrytoavoidstressanymorethantheywouldshunfood,loveorexercise.”SaidDr.HansSelye,thefirstphysiciantodocumenttheeffectsofstressonthebody.Whilehere’sonquestionthatcontinuousstressisharmful,severalstudiessuggestthatchallengingsituationsinwhichyou’reabletorisetotheoccasioncanbegoodforyou..Ina2022studyof158hospitalnurses,thosewhofacedconsiderableworkdemandsbutcopedwiththechallengeweremorelikelytosaytheywereingoodhealththanthosewhofelttheycouldn’tgetthejobdone.Stressthatyoucanmanagealsoboostimmune(免疫的)function.InastudyattheAcademicCenterforDentistryinAmsterdam,researchersputvolunteersthroughtwostressfulexperiences.Inthefirst,atimedtaskthatrequiredmemorizingalistfollowedbyashorttest,subjectsbelievedtheyhadcontrolovertheoutcome.Inthesecond,theyweren’tincontrol：Theyhadtositthroughagory(血淋淋的)videoonsurgicalprocedures.ThosewhodidwellonthememorytesthadanincreaseinlevelsofimmunoglobulinA,anantibodythat’sthebody’sfirstlineofdefenseagainstgerms.Thevideo-watchersexperiencedadownturnintheantibody.Stresspromptsthebodytoproducecertainstresshormones.Inshortburststhesehormoneshaveapositiveeffect,includingimprovedmemoryfunction.“Theycanhelpnervecellshandleinformationandputitintostorage,”saysDr.BruceMcEwenofRockefellerUniversityinNewYork.Butinthelongrunthesehormonescanhaveaharmfuleffectonthebodyandbrain.“Sustainedstressisnotgoodforyou,”saysRichardMorimoto,aresearcheratNorthwesternUniversityinIllinoisstudyingtheeffectsofstressonlongevity,“It’stheoccasionalburstofstressorbriefexposuretostressthatcouldbeprotective.”

6.Thepassageismainlyabout______[2分]

A.thebenefitsofmanageablestress

B.howtoavoidstressfulsituations

C.howtocopewithstresseffectively

D.theeffectsofstresshormonesonmemory

7.Theword“shun”(Line1,Para.1)mostprobablymeans________.[2分]

A.cutdownon

B.stayawayfrom

C.runoutof

D.putupwith

8.Wecanconcludefromthestudyofthe158nursesin2022that_______[2分]

A.peopleunderstresstendtohaveapoormemory

B.peoplewhocan’tgettheirjobdoneexperiencemorestress

C.doingchallengingworkmaybegoodforone’shealth

D.stresswillweakenthebody’sdefenseagainstgerms

9.IntheexperimentdescribedinParagraph3,thevideo-watchersexperiencedadownturnintheantibodybecause______.[2分]

A.thevideowasnotenjoyableatall

B.theoutcomewasbeyondtheircontrol

C.theyknewlittleaboutsurgicalprocedures

D.theyfeltnopressurewhilewatchingthevideo

10.Dr.BruceMcEwenofRockefellerUniversitybelievesthat______.[2分]

A.aperson’smemoryisdeterminedbythelevelofhormonesinhisbody

B.stresshormoneshavelastingpositiveeffectsonthebrain

C.shortburstsofstresshormonesenhancememoryfunction

D.aperson’smemoryimproveswithcontinuedexperienceofstress.

PassageThreeMoreandmore,theoperationsofourbusinesses,governments,andfinancialinstitutionsarecontrolledbyinformationthatexistsonlyinsidecomputermemories.Anyonecleverenoughtomodifythisinformationforhisownpurposescanreapsubstantialrewards.Evenworse,anumberofpeoplewhohavedonethisandbeencaughtatithavemanagedtogetawaywithoutpunishment.It’seasyforcomputercrimestogoundetectedifnoonechecksuponwhatthecomputerisdoing.Butevenifthecrimeisdetected,thecriminalmaywalkawaynotonlyunpunishedbutwithaglowingrecommendationfromhisformeremployers.Ofcourse,wehavenostatisticsoncrimesthatgoundetected.Butit’sdisturbingtonotehowmanyofthecrimeswedoknowaboutweredetectedbyaccident,notbysystematicinspectionsorothersecurityprocedures.Thecomputercriminalswhohavebeencaughtmaybethevictimsofuncommonlybadluck.Forexample,acertainkeypunchoperatorcomplainedofhavingtostayovertimetopunchextracards.Investigationrevealedthattheextracardsshewasbeingaskedtopunchwerefordishonesttransactions.Inanothercase,dissatisfiedemployeesofthethieftippedoff(向……透露)thecompanythatwasbeingrobbed.Unlikeotherlawbreakers,whomustleavethecountry,commitsuicide,orgotojail,computercriminalssometimesescapepunishment,demandingnotonlythattheynotbechargedbutthattheybegivengoodrecommendationsandperhapsotherbenefits.Alltoooften,theirdemandshavebeenmet.Why?Becausecompanyexecutivesareafraidofthebadpublicitythatwouldresultifthepublicfoundoutthattheircomputerhadbeenmisused.Theyhesitateatthethoughtofacriminalboastinginopencourtofhowhejuggled(耍弄)themostconfidentialrecordsrightunderthenosesofthecompany’sexecutives,accountants,andsecuritystaff.Andsoanothercomputercriminaldepartswithjusttherecommendationsheneedstocontinuehiscrimeselsewhere.

11.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat______.[2分]

A.itisstillimpossibletodetectcomputercrimestoday.

B.computercrimesarethemostseriousproblemintheoperationoffinancialinstitutions.

C.computercriminalscanescapepunishmentbecausetheycan’tbedetected.

D.peoplecommitcomputercrimesattherequesttheircompany.

12.Itisimpliedinthethirdparagraphthat______.[2分]

A.manymorecomputercrimesgoundetectedthanarediscovered.

B.therapidincreaseofcomputercrimesisatroublesomeproblem.

C.mostcomputercriminalsaresmartenoughtocoveruptheircrimes.

D.mostcomputercriminalswhoarecaughtblametheirbadluck.

13.Thepassageismainlyabout______.[2分]

A.whycomputercrimesaredifficulttodetectbysystematicinspections.

B.whycomputercriminalsareoftenabletoescapepunishment.

C.howcomputercriminalsmanagetogetgoodrecommendationfromtheirformeremployers.

D.whycomputercrimescan’tbeeliminated.

PassageFourBeingthefirstblackwomanelectedtoCongresshasmademesomekindofphenomenon.TherearenineotherblacksinCongress;therearetenotherwomen.Iwasthefirsttoovercomebothhandicapsatonce.Ofthetwohandicaps,beingblackismuchlessofadrawbackthanbeingfemale.IfIsaidthatbeingblackisagreaterhandicapthanbeingawoman,probablynoonewouldquestionme.Why?Because“weallknow”thereisprejudiceagainstblackpeopleinAmerica.Thatthereisprejudiceagainstwomenisanideathatstillstrikesnearlyallmen—and,Iamafraid,mostwomen—asbizarre(异乎寻常的).PrejudiceagainstblackswasinvisibletomostwhiteAmericansformanyyears.Whenblacksfinallystartedto“mention”it,withsit-ins,boycotts(抵制),andfreedomrides,Americanswereincredulous.“Who,us?”theyaskedininjuredtones.“We'reprejudiced?”Itwasthestartofalong,painfulreeducationforwhiteAmerica.Itwilltakeyearsforwhites—includingthosewhothinkofthemselvesasliberals—todiscoverandeliminatetheracistattitudestheyallactuallyhave.Howmuchharderwillitbetoeliminatetheprejudiceagainstwomen?Iamsureitwillbealongerstruggle.PartoftheproblemisthatwomeninAmericaaremuchmorebrainwashed(被洗脑的)andcontentwiththeirrolesassecond-classcitizensthanblackseverwere.Letmeexplain.Ihavebeenactiveinpoliticsformorethantwentyyears.Forallbutthelastsix,Ihavedonethework—allthetediousdetailsthatmakethedifferencebetweenvictoryanddefeatonelectionday—whilemenreapedtherewards,whichisalmostinvariablythelotofwomeninpolitics.Itisstillwomen—aboutthreemillionvolunteers—whodomostofthisworkintheAmericanpoliticalworld.Thebestanyofthemcanhopeforisthehonorofbeingdistrictorcountyvice-chairman,akindofseparate-but-equalpositionwithwhichawomanisrewardedforyearsoffaithfulenvelopestuffingandcardpartyorganizing.Insuchajob,shegetsanumberoffreetripstostateandsometimesnationalmeetingsandconventions,whereherroleissupposedtobetovotethewayhermalechairmanvotes.WhenItriedtobreakoutofthatrolein1963andrunfortheNewYorkStateAssemblyseatfromBrooklyn'sBedford-Stuyvesant,theresistancewasbitter.Fromthestartofthatcampaign,Ifacedundisguised(不加掩饰的)hostilitybecauseofmysex.Butitwasfouryearslater,whenIranforCongressthatthequestionofmysexbecameamajorissue.Amongmembersofmyownparty,closedmeetingswereheldtodiscusswaysofstoppingme.Womenhavenotevenreachedtheleveloftokenism(象征主义)thatblacksarereaching.NowomensitontheSupremeCourt.OnlytwohaveheldCabinetrank,andnonedoatpresent.Onlytwowomenholdambassadorial(大使的)rank.Butwomenpredominateinthelower-paying,menial(仆人),unrewarding,deadendjobs,andwhentheydoreachbetterpositions,theyareinvariablypaidlessthanamangetsforthesamejob.Ifthatisnotprejudice,whatwouldyoucallit?

14.Theauthorwritesthispassagemainlyto________.[2分]

A.talkaboutAmericanpoliticalsystem

B.argueagainsttheinequalitybetweenmenandwomen

C.tellofherexperienceofbeingelectedtoCongress

D.criticizetheracialprejudiceinAmerica

15.Accordingtotheauthor,beingawomanisagreaterdrawbackthanbeingablackbecause________.[2分]

A.thereisnomoreprejudiceagainstblackpeopleinAmerica

B.sexprejudiceisdeeplyrootedinpeople'sminds

C.notmanywomenshowinterestinpolitics

D.womenarenotaswelleducatedasmen

16.Thephrase“thatrole”(Line1,Para.7)mostprobablyrefersto________.[2分]

A.beingawomanpoliticianwhokeepsaseparatebutequalposition

B.beinganofficesecretarythatstuffsenvelopesandorganizescardparties

C.beingavoluntaryworkerintheelectioncampaign

D.beingasecond-classcitizenthatissupposedtohavenoprospectsofpoliticalsuccess

17.Accordingtothepassage,theauthorwasmostprobably________beforeshewaselectedtotheCongress?[2分]

A.acountyvicechairwomen

B.ahousewife

C.amemberoftheNewYorkStateAssembly

D.anambassador

18.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat________.[2分]

A.prejudiceagainsttheblackshasbeeneliminated

B.racialdiscriminationisaveryserioussocialproblem

C.toeliminateprejudiceagainstwomenisstillalongstruggle

D.torunforhigh-rankpositionsisverydifficultforwomen

SectionIVTranslation（20points）Directions：InthissectionthereisapassageinEnglish.TranslatethefiveunderlinedsentencesintoChineseandwriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET2.

1.Whenofficesareplanned,theattentionpaidtothecorrectuseofspace,andindividualandcompanyneeds,isoftentotallyinadequate.61)Badplanningcanfrustratethemanagerandemployeeandreducetheirlevelofperformance.Thisiswhysomuchresearchhasbeenundertakensincethewarintoeffectiveofficeplanning.Thereisagrowingrealizationthatinvestmentinpeoplemeansthattheirneedsshouldbethoroughlyanalyzedandprovidedfor.Ithasencouragedanumberofofficepl