沈阳师范大学外国语学院847翻译理论与实践历年考研真题汇编

目录

2012年沈阳师范大学外国语学院851翻

译理论与实践考研真题

2013年沈阳师范大学外国语学院852翻

译理论与实践考研真题

2014年沈阳师范大学外国语学院850翻

译理论与实践考研真题

2012年沈阳师范大学外国语学院851翻译理论与实践考研真题

科目代码：851

科目名称：翻译理论与实践

一、从翻译的角度用汉语简述（共4题，每题5分，合计20分）

1．玄奘

2．鲁迅

3．严复

4．林纾

二、词汇翻译（共15题，每题2分，合计30分）

将句子里的划线词汇翻译成相应的汉语，翻译时可以做相应的变化，如

hesitate既可翻译成“犹豫”，也可翻译成“犹犹豫豫”或“犹豫再三”等，但

以出现在语境中的词义为最优选择，所以，英语的名词未必翻译成汉语

的名词。

1．HefoundthefasttempoofNewYorkCitystimulatingbutexhausting.

2．Thescandalwasdetrimentaltothepolitician’sreputationandcontributed

tohislossintheelection.

3．Inanidealmarriage,one’smateisalsoone’sconfidant—towhomallcan

betold.

4．Thevegetarianhasanaversiontomeat.

5．Givelessimportancetotemporalconcernsandmoretoeternalones.

6．Acountryhasjurisdictionoverthefishingrightsofseveralmilesoffits

coast.

7．Thecaricatureofthepoliticalleaderexaggeratedhisfatnessandbig

mouth.

8．Apersonshouldbeneitheroverlysuspiciousnortheopposite—gullible.

9．Thewomen’sgroupissuedamanifestostatingitsviewonequalrights.

10．Theearthquakeproducedfissuresinthehighwaywhichstoppedall

traffic.

11．Loveandgreedareubiquitous,havingbeenfoundinallhuman

societies.

12．Thebeautyofafloweristransient.

13．Somepeoplegesticulatewhentheytalkexcitedlywhereasotherskeep

theirhandsstillbutjusttalklouder.

14．Thecapturedspygaveequivocalanswerstothequestionshewasasked

inordertoconfusetheenemy.

15．Thefirstactionofthenewdictatorwastopurgethegovernmentofall

disloyalmembers.

三、英汉翻译（合计50分）

Theprovost(教务长)ofoneofourlargestandmosthonoredinstitutionstold

menotlongagothataquestionnairewasdistributedtohisundergraduates

andthat40%refusedtoacknowledgethattheybelievedcheatingon

examinationstobereprehensible.RecentlyareporterforaNewYork

newspaperstoppedsixpeopleonthestreetandaskedthemiftheywould

consenttotakepartinariggedTVquizformoney.Hereportedthatfiveof

thesixsaidyes.Yetmostofthesefive,likemostofthecollegecheaters,

wouldprobablyprofessastrongsocialconsciousness.Theymaycheat,but

theyvoteforforeignaidandforenlightenedsocialmeasures.

Thesetwoexamplesexhibitaparadoxofourage.Itisoftensaid,anymy

observationleadsmetobelieveittrue,thatourseeminglygreatgrowthin

socialmoralityhadoddlyenoughtakenplaceinaworldwhereprivate

morality—asenseofsupremeimportanceofpurelypersonalhonor,honesty,

andintegrity—seemstobedeclining.Beneficentandbenevolentsocial

institutionsareadministeredbymenwhoalltoofrequentlyturnouttobe

accepting“gifts”.Theworldofpopularentertainmentisrockedbyscandals.

Collegestudentsputontheirhonor,cheatonexaminations.Candidatesfor

thePh.Dhireghostwriterstopreparetheirtheses.Butonemayobject,

haven’tallthesethingsalwaysbeentrue?Istherereallyanyevidencethat

personaldishonestyismoreprevalentthanitalwayswas?Ihavenowayof

makingahistoricalmeasurement.Perhapsthesethingsarenotactuallymore

prevalent.WhatIdoknowisthatthereisanincreasingtendencytoaccept

andtakeforgrantedsuchpersonaldishonesty.

四、汉英翻译（合计50分）

人的生命对于自己来说，很漫长；相对于自然来说，很短暂。在漫长

中，有我们无法追悔的东西；在短暂里，有我们梦想成真的渴望。

“外面的世界很精彩。”大凡远方对我们都具有诱惑，不是诱惑于传说，

就是诱惑于美丽。传说也好，美丽也罢，可是去到远方又有远方，这些

事物只能让我们作为信息而得知。即使你可曾亲睹那异地目标，但在紧

张的生活中，想再次游历谈何容易，于是一些宽广的目标，只能成为今

生的向往。

“多情自古伤离别。”命运让你我相聚相知，可是时间就像那曲终人散的

舞会，让我们又相分相离。重逢之日不可知，多少情感还未来得及表

达，你我只有拉拉手，道一声“珍重”，从此留下绵绵无期的思念。

“知足者常乐”，这是一种回避现实、激流勇退的消极心理。其实我们每

时每刻都在设计自己的拥有、无欲的追求和精神的享受。然而现实总与

设想存在一段距离，让我们不能如愿以偿。

虽然说“往事不堪回首”，可是我们又能控制自己的几许思绪呢？无须刻

意营造什么，往事就会自动找上门来，并且总有一些得失，让我们缅怀

和悔恨……

月亮圆缺缺复圆，花儿开谢谢又开。憧憬在不断的寻找中幻灭，遗憾在

不断的幻灭中再现。虽然在我们的人生旅程中，有很多缠绕终生而不能

兑现的愿望，但是，如果没有现实与理想的距离让我们去追求，如果没

有往昔的过错让我们去追悔，我们就不会走向成熟。

2013年沈阳师范大学外国语学院852翻译理论与实践考研真题

科目代码：852

科目名称翻译理论与实践

一、从翻译史的角度简述下列名词（共4题，每题5分，合计20分）

1．胡适

2．梁实秋

3．朱生豪

4．傅雷

二、词汇翻译（共15题，每题2分，合计30分）

将句子里的划线词汇翻译成相应的汉语，翻译时可以做相应的变化，如

hesitate既可译成“犹豫”，也可以翻译成“犹犹豫豫”或“犹豫再三”等，但

以现在语境中的词义为最优选择，所以，英语的名词未必翻译成汉语的

名词。

1．Thisshouldalleviatethepain;ifitdoesnot,weshallhavetousestronger

drugs.

2．Frogsareclassifiedasamphibians.

3．Despitehisblandishments,theyoungladyrejectedhiscompanionship.

4．Hisclassmatescalledhima“show-off”becauseofhisbumptiousairs.

5．Hiscriticismwasalwayscaptiousandfrivolous,neveroffering

constructivesuggestions.

6．Thepiquantsauceaddedtoourenjoymentofthemeal.

7．Thechildren,whohadmadehimanidol,werehurtmostbyhisdefection

fromourcause.

8．Thecarefulstudyofafewbooksisbetterthanthedesultoryreadingof

many.

9．Hewasmeticulousincheckinghisaccounts.

10．Inordertopreventasuddenoutbreakofhostilities,wemustgiveourfoe

noprovocation.

11．Hisstiltedrhetoricdidnotimpressthecollegeaudience;theywere

immunetobombasticutterances.

12．Healthauthoritiesarealwaystryingtopreventthesaleanduseoftainted

food.

13．ThemedicinestoppedDavid’sincipientcold.

14．Myanswertoyourproposalisanunequivocalandabsolute“No.”

15．Yourtheoriesaretoonebulous;pleaseclarifythem.

三、英汉翻译（合计50分）

Ithinkthatasuccessfuloldageiseasiestforthosewhohavestrong

impersonalinterestsinvolvingappropriateactivities.Itisinthisspherethat

longexperienceisreallyfruitful,anditisinthisspherethatthewisdomborn

ofexperiencecanbeexercisedwithoutbeingoppressive.

Someoldpeopleareoppressedbythefearofdeath.Intheyoungthereisa

justificationforthisfeeling.Youngmenwhohavereasontofearthatthey

willbekilledinbattlemayjustifiablyfeelbitterinthethoughtthattheyhave

beencheatedofthebestthingsthatlifehastooffer.Butinanoldmanwho

hadknownhumanjoysandsorrows,andhasachievedwhateverwork,itwas

inhimtodo,thefearofdeathissomewhatabjectandignoble.Thebestway

toovercomeit—soatleastitseemstome—istomakeyourinterests

graduallywiderandmoreimpersonal,untilbitbybitthewallsofegorecede,

andyourlifebecomesincreasinglymergedintheuniversallife.An

individualhumanexistenceshouldbelikeariver—smallatfirst,narrowly

containedwithinitsbanks,andrushingpassionatelypastbouldersandover

waterfalls.Graduallytherivergrowswider,thebanksrecede,thewatersflow

morequietly,andintheend,withoutanyvisiblebreak,theybecomemerged

inthesea,andcanpainlesslylosetheirindividualbeing.Themanwho,inold

age,canseehislifeinthisway,willnotsufferfromthefearofdeath,since

thethingshecaresforwillcontinue.Andif,withdecayofvitality,weariness

increases,thethoughtofrestwillbenotunwelcome.Ishouldwishtodie

whilestillatwork,knowingthatotherswillcarryonwhatIcannolongerdo,

andcontentinthethoughtthatwhatwaspossiblehasbeendone.

四、汉英翻译（合计50分）

诸位毕业同学：你们现在要离开母校了，我们有什么礼物送你们，只好

送你们一句话罢。

这句话是：“不要抛弃学问。”以前的功课也许有一大部分是为了这张毕

业文凭，不得已而做的，从今以后，你们可以以自己的心愿去做自由研

究了。趁现在年富力强的时候，努力做一种专门学问。少年是一去不复

返的，等到精力衰时，要做学问也来不及了。即为吃饭计，学问绝不会

辜负人的。吃饭而不求学问，三年五年之后，你们都要被后来少年淘汰

掉的。到那时再想做点学问来补救，恐怕也太晚了。

有人说：“出去做事之后，生活问题急需解决，哪有工夫去读书？即使

要做学问，既没有图书馆，又没有实验室，哪能做学问？”

我要对你们说：凡是要等到有了图书馆方才读书的，有了图书馆也不肯

读书。凡是等有了实验室才做研究的，有了实验室也不肯做研究。你有

了决心要研究一个问题，自然会缩衣节食去买书，自然会想出法子来设

置仪器。

至于时间更不成问题。达尔文一生多病，不能多工作，每天只能做一点

钟的工作。你们看他的成绩！每天花一点钟看10页有用的书，每年可看

3600多页书，30年可读11万页书。

诸位，11万页书可以使你成一个学者了。可是，每天看三种小报费你一

点钟的工夫，四圈麻将也得费你一点半钟的光阴。看小报呢？还是打麻

将呢？还是努力做一个学者呢？完全靠你自己的选择！

易卜生说：“你的最大责任是把你这块材料铸造成器。”

学问便是铸器的工具。抛弃了学问便是毁了你们自己。

再会了！你们的母校眼睁睁地要看你们十年之后成什么器。

2014年沈阳师范大学外国语学院850翻译理论与实践考研真题

科目代码：850

科目名称：翻译理论与实践

一、从翻译史的角度简述下列名词（共4题，每题5分，合计20分）

1．鲁迅

2．玄奘

3．严复

4．林则徐

二、词汇翻译（共15题，每题2分。合计30分）

将句子里的划线词汇翻译成相应的汉语，翻译时可以做相应的变化，如

hesitate既可译成“犹豫”，也可以翻译成“犹犹豫豫”或“犹豫再三”等，但

以现在语境中的词义为最优选择，所以，英语的名词未必翻译成汉语的

名词。

1．Asmyownstudieshaveadvanced,Ihavebeenincreasinglyimpressed

withthefunctionalsimilaritiesbetweeninsectandvertebratesocieties.

2．Furthermore,cycadsremovedfromtheirnativehabitats—and

consequentlyfrominsectsnativetothosehabitats—areusuallyinfertile.

3．Touseacomputeranalogy,minorrounding-offerrorsoccurcommonly

andareanalogoustoimprecision.

4．Influencedbytheviewofsome20thcenturyfeminists,somehistorians

haveunderestimatedthesignificanceofthewomansuffrage.

5．Exercisecanincreaseyourmetabolicrate.

6．Thebeliefthatartoriginatesinintuitiveratherthanrationalfacultieswas

workedouthistoricallyandphilosophicallyinthesomewhatwearisome

volumesofBenedettoCroce.

7．Moststrikingamongthelotsofasymmetriesevidentinanadultflatfishis

eyeplacement.

8．Thekinshiprelationsstructuredandunifiedtribesandclanswhen

societiesweresmaller.

9．Howscholarsviewtheseattemptstoimpartalphabeticliteracyhas

consequentlybeencoloredbyhistorians’judgmentsoftheconsequencesof

missionaryactivity.

10．Acornerstoneofclassicalempiricismhasbeenthenotionthateverytrue

generalizationmustbeconfirmablebyspecificobservations.

11．Hardywantedtotranscendwhatheconsideredtobethebanalityof

solelyrecordingthingsexactlyandtoexpressaswellhisawarenessofthe

occultandthestrange.

12．Ifindividualsontheedgeofagrouparemorevigilantforthereasonthat

theyareatgreaterriskofbeingcaptured,thenindividualsonaveragewould

havetobemorevigilantinsmallergroups.

13．Modernarchaeologicalfindsstillcancontributemuchtothestudyof

ancientliterature.

14．Guttmannemphasizesthepreferenceforstablemonogamyandpoints

outwhatstablemonogamymeantfortheslaves’culturalheritage.

15．Priceswerevolatile,fluctuatingbetween$20and$40.

三、英汉翻译（共1题，合计50分）

Booksarethebestofthings,wellused;abused,amongtheworst.Whatisthe

rightuse?Whatistheoneendwhichallmeansgotoeffect?Theyarefor

nothingbuttoinspire.Ihadbetterneverseeabook,thantobewarpedbyits

attractioncleanoutofmyownorbit,andmadeasatelliteinsteadofasystem.

Theonethingintheworld,ofvalue,istheactivesoul.Thiseverymanis

entitledto;thiseverymancontainswithinhim,although,inalmostallmen,

obstructed,andasyetunborn.Thebook,thecollege,theschoolofart,the

institutionofanykind,stopwithsomepastutteranceofgenius.Thisisgood,

saythey,letusholdbythis.Theypinmedown.Theylookbackwardandnot

forward.Butgeniuslooksforward:theeyesofmanaresetinhisforehead,

notinhishindhead;manhopes,geniuscreates.

Iwoul