《英语语法基础》课件

$number{01}PPTcoursewareforFundamentalsofEnglishGrammar目录IntroductionMorphologySyntaxTensesandVoicesNonfineverbsSubjunctivemoodSpecialpresencepatterns01IntroductionThisPPTcourseprovidesacomprehensiveintroductiontotheFundamentalsofEnglishGrammar,includingtheessentialrulesandstructuresofthelanguageCourseOverviewBycompletingthiscourse,studentswillgainasolidunderstandingofEnglishGrammar,improvetheirlanguageskills,andenhancetheircommunicationabilitiesLearningObjectivesCourseIntroductionLearningobjectivesUnderstandthebasicrulesandstructuresofEnglishGrammar:StudentswilllearnthefundamentalrulesandstructuresofEnglishGrammar,includingsentencestructure,partsofspeech,andcommongraphicalerrorsApplyGrammarknowledgetoreallifesituations:Tohelpstudentsunderstandthepracticalapplicationofgrammar,thiscourseincludesexamplesandexercisesthatsimulatereallifecommunicationscenariosDevelopeffectivecommunicationskills:BymasteringtherulesandstructuresofEnglishGrammar,studentswillbeabletoexpressthemselvesmoreclearlyandaccurately,improvingtheiroverallcommunicationabilitiesEnhancewritingandspeakingskills:Thiscourseprovidesexercisesandpracticeactivitiestohelpstudentsimprovetheirwritingandspeakingskills,makingthemmoreconfidentandcompetentinEnglishcommunication02Morphology123NounNounimpactsPluralforms,passiveformsNoundefinitionAnounisawordthatnamesaperson,place,thing,orideaNountypesCommonnounsandpropernounsVerbimpactsVerbdefinitionVerbtypesVerbPresenttense,pasttense,futuretense,particleformsAverbisawordthatexpressesanactionorstateofbeingRegularverbsandirregularverbsObjectivedefinitionAdvancedefinitionAdvancedtypesAdvancedusageObjectiveusageObjectivetypesAnobjectiveisawordthatmodifiesanounorpronountodescribeitQualitativeobjectives,quantitativeobjectives,empiricalobjectives,positiveobjectivesBeforenouns,afterlinkingverbsAnadvocateisawordthatmodifiesaverb,objective,orotheradvocatetoprovideadditionalinformationaboutitsmeaningMannerads,timeads,placeads,degreeadsAfterthesubjectandbeforetheverbinsimpleintentions;AftertheauxiliaryverbincomplexsensesSubjectsandadvertisements123ApositionisawordthatshowsarelationshipbetweenanounorpronounandanotherwordinthepresencePositiondefinitionSimplepositions,complexpositionsPositiontypesBeforeanounorpronoun,usuallyfollowedbyacompletionPositionusagePreparation

ArticleArticledefinitionAnarticleisawordthatisusedwithanountoshowwhichitisdefinedordefinedArticletypesDefinearticle("the")anddefinearticle("a"or"an")ArticleusageBeforenouns,exceptincasesofellipsisoremphasis03SyntaxThemaincomponentsofasentencedescribetheactionsorstatesperformedbythesubject.Thesubjectisanounorpronouninasentence,indicatingtheexecutorofanactionorthepresenceofastate;Apredicateisaverbinasentencethatrepresentstheactionorstateperformedbythesubject.SubjectandPredictNounsorpronounsthatacceptactionsorstatesinasentence.Objectscanbedirectorindirect.Thedirectobjectisthenounorpronounthattheverbdirectlyactson,whiletheindirectobjectisthenounorpronounthattheverbguidesthroughapreposition.ObjectWordsthatmodifyverbs,adjectives,adverbs,ortheentiresentence.Adverbsarecommonadverbsthatcanindicatetime,place,manner,degree,etc;Prepositionalphrases,participlephrases,clauses,etc.canalsoserveasadverbials.AdverbialSupplementthecomponentsoftheactionorstateexecutedbythesubject.Complementarywordscanbenouns,pronouns,infinitives,participles,etc.,tosupplementandexplainthesubject,makingthesentencemeaningcomplete.ComplexTheclausethatbelongstothemainclauseisconnectedtothemainclausethroughconjunctions.Asubordinateclausebelongstothemainclauseingrammarandcanbeanounclause,anattributiveclause,oranadverbialclause,etc.,tosupplementormodifythemainclause.Subordinateclause04TensesandVoices-IeatanappleeverydayPresentSimple-IameatinganapplePresentContinuously-IhaveeatentheapplePresentPerfect-IhavebeeneatingtheappleforthepasthourPresentPerfectContinuousPresenttenseSimplePastLastContinuousPastPerfectPastPerfectContinuousPasttense-Ihavefinishedmyhomebeforeshearrived-Ihadbeenstudyingforhoursbeforehecamehome-Iwalkedtotheshopsyesterday-IwaswalkingalongtheroadwhenIsawhimABCDFuturetenseSimpleFuture-IwillgotothepartynextweekFuturePerfect-Iwillhavefinishedmyworkby5O'clockFutureContinuous-IwillbestudyingwhenshecomesFuturePerfectContinuous-IwillhavebeenwaitingforanhourbythetimeshegetsherePassivevoiceThebookwaswrittenbyhim(Passivevoice)Thehouseisbeingbuiltnow(Passivevoice)TheletterhadbeenopenedbeforeIarrived(Passivevoice)Manytreeswillbeplannednextyear(Passivevoice)05NonfineverbsDefinitionStructureUsageNegativeformInfinitiveisthebasicformofaverbthathasnochangesintenseorvoiceandiscommonlyusedtoindicateanactionorstate.Infinitiveisformedbyaddingtheparticletotheverbbaseform,suchastorun,toeat,tosleep.Infinitivecanbeusedasthepredicateofasentenceorasacomponentofothersentences,forexample:IwanttorunamarathonAddnotbeforeInfinitive,forexample:Idon'twanttoruntoday01020304Infinitive文字内容文字内容文字内容文字内容标题StructureUsageNegativeformDefinitionGerundGerundisthepresentparticipleformofaverb,usedtoindicateanactionorstateofanounproperty.Gerundisformedbyaddingthesuffix-ingtotheverbbaseform,forexample:running,eating,sleeping.Gerundcanserveasthesubject,object,orpredicateofasentence,forexample:RunningismyfavoritesportAddnotbeforeGerund,forexample:Idon'tlikeeatingvegetablesAdd'not'beforetheParticle,forexample:Ihaven'tseenthefinishedproductyet(Usingpastparticiplesaspredicate)Particlesaredividedintopresentparticiplesandpastparticiples,usedtoindicatethetenseandvoicechangesofverbs.Thepresentparticipleisformedbyaddingthesuffix-ingtotheverbbase,whilethepastparticipleisformedbyaddingthesuffix-edtotheverbbaseorinanirregularform.Particlecanserveasanadjective,predicate,oradverbialinasentence,forexample:Therunningmanismybrother(Nowusingparticiplesasattributive)ArticleDefinitionStructureUsageNegativeform06SubjunctivemoodConditionalsubcriticalmoodisusedinconditionalsensestoexpressanactionorsituationthatiscurrentlytofactorunlikelytooccurItisformedbyusingthe"were"insteadof"was"inthefirstpartoftheconditionalpresenceExample:"IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotdothat."ConditionalsubconjunctivemoodCommandsubjunctivemoodisusedtoexpressastrongdesireorrequestItisformedbyusingtheinfinitiveformoftheverbwithout"to"infrontofitExample:"Heorderedthattheworkbedone."010203Commandsubjunctivemood0302Thesubcriticalmoodofdesireisusedtoexpressawishorhope01SubjunctivemoodofdesireExample:"Iwishhewerehere."Itisformedbyusingtheinfinitiveformoftheverbwithout"to"infrontofit07SpecialpresencepatternsExample:"Itwas