军队文职人员招聘英语言文学(习题卷8)

试卷科目：军队文职人员招聘英语言文学军队文职人员招聘英语言文学(习题卷8)PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber/SECTIONPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages军队文职人员招聘英语言文学第1部分：单项选择题，共100题，每题只有一个正确答案,多选或少选均不得分。[单选题]1.FunctionalSentencePerspectivewasputforwardby()A)theLondonSchoolB)thePragueSchoolC)BoasandSapirD)Post-Bloomfieldianlinguists答案:B解析:语言学家及其观点。ThePragueSchool主要进行共时性语言学研究(Synchroniclinguistics)，从功能(function)的角度研究语言。[单选题]2.Thecolorinhershirt()gentlyafteritwaswashedbywashingmachine.A)fadedB)vanishedC)dissolvedD)evaporated答案:A解析:考查动词辨析。她衬衫上的颜色被洗衣机洗过后褪掉了[单选题]3.Ihonestlydon'twanttopainttheroomthisweekend,butIthinkweshouldgetit_____with.A)inB)offC)overD)on答案:C解析:getoverwithsth.结束，完成（任务）。getinwithsb.讨好…。getoffwith（和异性）亲热。getonwith在……方面获得成功；与……相处；继续（做某事）。[单选题]4.Hetakesthisconclusiontofollownecessarilyfromthe_____that?naturemakesnothingeitherimperfectorinvain.?A)promiseB)preludeC)premierD)premise答案:D解析:premise前提。tofollowfromthepremisethat由此可见。promise诺言，约定。prelude前奏曲。premier总理，首相。[单选题]5.AccordingtotheUnitedStatesConstitution,thelegislativepowerisinvestedin_____.A)TheFederalGovernment.B)TheSupremeCourt.C)TheCabinet.D)TheCongress.答案:D解析:美国的立法权属国会（TheCongress）掌管。theFederalGovernment联邦政府。SupremeCourt最高法院。Cabinet内阁。[单选题]6.Inordertomeetthesteadydemandofthemarket,thefactoryhasturnedout_____A)twicemoreTVsetsthisyearaslastyearB)TVsetsthisyeartwiceasmanyaslastyearC)twiceasmanyTVsetsthisyearaslastyearD)TVsetstwicemorethisyearthanlastyear答案:C解析:句意：为了满足市场的稳定的需求，工厂今年的电视机产量要达到去年的两倍。这里考查的是倍数的表达法，四个选项中只有C项正确，即采用twiceasmanyas...的形式。[单选题]7.Isthehonestmanlaid_____inhardtimeslessofasuccessthantheswindlerwho'smakingmoney?A)offB)awayC)lowD)down答案:A解析:layoff解雇。layaway积蓄，留待后用。laylow击倒；杀死。laydown放下；规定，制定。[单选题]8.Thewords?toys，walks，John′s?canbeexamplesof()A)freemorphemesB)compoundsC)inflectionalaffixesD)derivations答案:C解析:语言学概念的实例分析。本题属于形态学的范畴，考查词素(morpheme)的类型。toys、walks和John?s都是在原有单词的基础上加上了曲折词缀(inflectionalaffix)，即不改变原单词含义的后缀，[单选题]9.ThefunctionsofinstitutionsofhighereducationintheUSare_____.A)researchandteachingB)teachinganddegreeawardingC)professionaltraining,teachingandpublicserviceD)teaching,researchandpublicservice答案:D解析:美国的高等教育的职能包括教学、研究和公共服务。[单选题]10.ThecapitalofScotlandis_____.A)GlasgowB)EdinburghC)ManchesterD)London答案:B解析:Glasgow（格拉斯哥）是英国第三大城市，是苏格兰最大的工商业城市和港口；Manchester（曼彻斯特）是英国英格兰西北部城市，为纺织业中心；London（伦敦）位于英格兰东南部，是英国的政治、经济、文化、交通中心；Edinburgh（爱丁堡）是苏格兰首府，位于英国苏格兰东南部。[单选题]11.Amongthefollowingpoets，whoisNOTalakepoet？()A)SamuelTaylorColeridgeB)RobertSoutheyC)WilliamWordsworthD)WilliamColins答案:D解析:考查英国文学流派。威廉·柯林斯(WilliamCollins)不是?湖畔派诗人?(LakePoet)。[单选题]12.Bepreparedtoreduce_____atfirst?Apoorlymadebedisalotbetterthanoneleftunmade.A)foresightB)requirementsC)expectationsD)anticipation答案:C解析:expectation期望。foresight远见，深谋远虑。requirement必要条件。anticipation预期，预料。[单选题]13.Theadoptionofthenewpolicywouldrelievethefactories_____atremendousburden.A)awayB)ofC)upD)in答案:B解析:relievesb.of解除，解救，免于。[单选题]14.Whatessentiallydistinguishessemanticsandpragmaticsiswhetherinthestudyofmeaning_____isconsidered.A)speechactB)practicalusageC)contextD)reference答案:C解析:语义学和语用学的本质区别在于研究意义时是否考虑了语言使用的语境，所以答案选C。[单选题]15.WhichcityisthecapitalofAustralia?A)Brisbane.B)Melbourne.C)Canberra.D)Sydney.答案:C解析:澳大利亚的首都是堪培拉（Canberra），布里斯班（Brisbane）是澳大利亚东部港市，是昆士兰州首府，墨尔本（Melbourne）是澳大利亚第二大城市，维多利亚州的首府。悉尼（Sydney）是最大的城市。[单选题]16.Theshuttersstood()，andthroughoneofthenewly-washedwindowsIcaughtthelightofafire.A)wideB)straightC)uprightD)widely答案:A解析:考查副词辨析。百叶窗全开着，透过刚擦完的玻璃，我看到了一束火光。[单选题]17.Theyhavealwaysbeenongood_____withtheirnext-doorneighbors.A)friendshipB)relationshipC)termsD)connection答案:C解析:ongoodtermswith与……关系好。relationship关系。connection连接。[单选题]18.Theformationofnewwordsbycombiningpartsoftwowordsorawordplusapartofanotheris()calledA)blendingB)clippingC)acronymD)compounding答案:A解析:考查语言学构词法。将两个单词的某个部分组合在一起，构成一个新词的构词法被称为blending，如brunch就来自breakfastandlunch。[单选题]19.Theprofessorcouldhardlyfindsufficientgrounds_____hisargumentsinfavorofthenewtheory.A)onwhichtobaseB)whichtobaseonC)tobaseonD)tobebasedon答案:A解析:句意：教授难以找到充足的论据来证明他赞成新理论的论点。此句中的先行词which在从句中作baseon的宾语，此处考查的是名词+介词+which/whom+动词不定式结构的定语从句。[单选题]20.Tobefair,thisobservationisalsofrequentlymadeofCanadaandCanadians,andshouldbestbeconsideredNorthAmerican.Thereare,ofcourse,exceptions.Small-mindedofficials,rudewaiters,andill-manneredtaxidriversarehardlyunknownintheUS.Yetitisanobservationmadesofrequentlythatitdeservescomment.Foralongperiodoftimeandinmanypartsofthecountry,atravelerwasawelcomebreakinanotherwisedullexistence.Dullnessandlonelinesswerecommonproblemsofthefamilieswhogenerallyliveddistantfromoneanother.Strangersandtravelerswerewelcomesourcesofdiversion,andbroughtnewsoftheoutsideworld.Theharshrealitiesofthefrontieralsoshapedthistraditionofhospitality.Someonetravelingalone,ifhungry,injured,orill,oftenhadnowheretoturnexcepttothenearestcabinorsettlement.Itwasnotamatterofchoiceforthetravelerormerelyacharitableimpulseonthepartofthesettlers.Itreflectedtheharshnessofdailylife:ifyoudidn?ttakeinthestrangerandtakecareofhim,therewasnooneelsewhowould.Andsomeday,remember,youmightbeinthesamesituation.Todaytherearemanycharitableorganizationswhichspecializeinhelpingthewearytraveler.Yet,theoldtraditionofhospitalitytostrangersisstillverystrongintheUS,especiallyinthesmallercitiesandtownsawayfromthebusytouristtrails.?Iwasjusttravelingthrough,gottalkingwiththisAmerican,andprettysoonheinvitedmehomefordinner-amazing.?SuchobservationsreportedbyvisitorstotheUSarenotuncommon,butarenotalwaysunderstoodproperly.ThecasualfriendlinessofmanyAmericansshouldbeinterpretedneitherassuperficialnorasartificial,butastheresultofahistoricallydevelopedculturaltradition.Asistrueofanydevelopedsociety,inAmericaacomplexsetofculturalsignals,assumptions,andconventionsunderliesallsocialinterrelationships.And,ofcourse,speakingalanguagedoesnotnecessarilymeanthatsomeoneunderstands,socialandculturalpatterns.Visitorswhofailto?translate?culturalmeaningsproperlyoftendrawwrongconclusions.Forexample,whenanAmericanusestheword?friend?,theculturalimplicationsofthewordmaybequitedifferentfromthoseithasinthevisitor?slanguageandculture.Ittakesmorethanabriefencounteronabustodistinguishbetweencourteousconventionandindividualinterest.Yet,beingfriendlyisavirtuethatmanyAmericansvaluehighlyandexpectfrombothneighborsandstrangers.Thetraditionofhospitalitytostrangers_____.A)tendstobesuperficialandartificialB)isgenerallywellkeptupintheUnitedStatesC)isalwaysunderstoodproperlyD)hassomethingtodowiththebusytouristtrails答案:B解析:友善好客的传统在美国得以广泛的保持。?Yet,theoldtraditionofhospitalitytostrangersisstillverystrongintheUS,especiallyinthesmallercitiesandtownsawayfromthebusytouristtrails.?指出，友善好客的旧传统在美国仍根探蒂固，这突出表现在远离旅游热线的一些小城市中。文章最后一句?Yet,beingfriendlyisavirtuethatmanyAmericansvaluehighlyandexpectfrombothneighborsandstrangers.?也指出，友善好客是倍受美国人珍视的美德，他们同样希望邻国人和其他外国人也表现出这一美德。[单选题]21.We()theradiosignalsforhelpfromtheship.A)pickupB)pickatC)pickoffD)pickout答案:A解析:考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们收到船上的无线电求救信号。pickup?接收(信号或声音)；学会；获得；开车接送?，pickat?挑毛病，指责?，pickoff?摘下；选择(目标)射击?，pickout?挑选；辨认出?。根据radiosignals(无线电信号)可知，答案为A。[单选题]22.Thecommunitycollegeembodies_____beliefthataneducationshouldbepracticalaswellasliberal.A)GeorgeWashington?sB)ThomasJefferson?sC)AbrahamLincoln?sD)FranklinRoosevelt?s答案:B解析:社区学院代表了托马斯·杰斐逊的教育不仅要自由还要实用的思想。[单选题]23.Agressivecourageanddetermination，and()spiritisinevitableforrapidsocialdevelopment.A)innovativeB)freshC)novelD)original答案:A解析:考查形容词辨析。进取的勇气和决心，以及创新精神是社会快速发展的必然产物。[单选题]24.Auctionsarepublicsalesofgoods,conductedbyanofficiallyapprovedauctioneer.Heaskedthecrowedassembledintheauction-roomtomakeoffers,or?bids?,forthevariousitemsonsale.Heencouragesbuyerstobidhigherfiguresandfinallynamesthehighestbidderasthebuyerofthegoods.Thisiscalled?knockingdown?thegoods,forthebiddingendswhentheauctioneerbangsasmallhammeronatableatwhichhestands.Thisisoftensetonaraisedplatformcalledarostrum.TheancientRomansprobablyinventedsalesbyauction,andtheEnglishwordcomesfromtheLatinAutcio,meaning?increase.?TheRomansusuallysoldinthiswaythespoilstakeninwar;thesesaleswerecalledsubhasta,meaning?underthespear,?aspearbeingstuckinthegroundasasignalforacrowdtogather,InEnglishintheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies,goodswereoftensold?bythecandle?;ashortcandlewaslitbytheauctioneer,andbidscouldbemadewhileitstayedalight.Practicallyallgoodswhosequalitiesvaryaresoldbyauction.Amongthesearecoffee,hides,skins,wool,tea,cocoa,furs,spices,fruitandvegetablesandwines.Auctionsalesarealsousualforlandandproperty,antiquefurniture,pictures,rarebooks,oldchinaandsimilarworksofart.Theauction-roomsasChristie?sandSotheby?sinLondonandNewYorkareworld-famous.Anauctionisusuallyadvertisedbeforehandwithfullparticularsofthearticlestobesoldandwhereandwhentheycanbeviewedbyprospectivebuyers.Iftheadvertisementcannotgivefulldetails,cataloguesareprinted,andeachgroupofgoodstobesoldtogether,calleda?lot,?isusuallygivenanumber.TheauctioneerneednotbeginwithLotIandcontinueinnumericalorder;hemaywaituntilheregistersthefactthatcertaindealersareintheroomandthenproducethelotstheyarelikelytobeinterestedin.Theauctioneer?sservicesarepaidforintheformofapercentageofthepricethegoodsaresoldfor.Theauctioneerthereforehasadirectinterestinpushingupthebiddingashighaspossible.TheRomansusedtosell_____byauction.A)spoiltgoodsB)old-wornweaponsC)propertytakenfromtheenemyD)spears答案:C解析:考察词义。文章第二段第二句：TheRomansusuallysoldinthiswaythespoilstakeninwar，这里的spoilstakeninthewar，指的就是从战争中缴获的战利品。答案为C。[单选题]25.HormonesintheBodyUptothebeginningofthetwentiethcentury,thenervoussystemwasthoughttocontrolallcommunicationwithinthebodyandtheresultingintegrationofbehavior.Scientistshaddeterminedthatnervesran,essentially,onelectricalimpulses.Theseimpulseswerethoughttobetheengineforthought,emotion,movement,andinternalprocessessuchasdigestion.However,experimentsbyWilliamBaylissandErnestStarlingonthechemicalsecretin,whichisproducedinthesmallintestinewhenfoodentersthestomach,eventuallychallengedthatview.Fromthesmallintestine,secretintravelsthroughthebloodstreamtothepancreas.There,itstimulatesthereleaseofdigestivechemicals.Inthisfashion,theintestinalcellsthatproducesecretinultimatelyregulatetheproductionofdifferentchemicalsinadifferentorgan,thepancreas.Suchacoordinationofprocesseshadbeenthoughttorequirecontrolbythenervoussystem;BaylissandStarlingshowedthatitcouldoccurthroughchemicalsalone.ThisdiscoveryspurredStartingtocointhetermhormonetorefertosecretin,takingitfromtheGreekwordhormon,meaning?toexcite?or?tosetinmotion.?Ahormoneisachemicalproducedbyonetissuetomakethingshappenelsewhere.Asmorehormoneswerediscovered,theywerecategorized,primarilyaccordingtotheprocessbywhichtheyoperatedonthebody.Someglands(whichmakeuptheendocrinesystem)secretehormonesdirectlyintothebloodstream.Suchglandsincludethethyroidandthepituitary.Theexocrinesystemconsistsoforgansandglandsthatproducesubstancesthatareusedoutsidethebloodstream,primarilyfordigestion.Thepancreasisonesuchorgan,althoughitsecretessomechemicalsintothebloodandthusisalsopartoftheendocrinesystem.Muchhasbeenlearnedabouthormonessincetheirdiscovery.Someplaysuchkeyrolesinregulatingbodilyprocessesorbehaviorthattheirabsencewouldcauseimmediatedeath.Themostabundanthormoneshaveeffectsthatarelessobviouslyurgentbutcanbemorefar-reachinganddifficulttotrack:Theymodifymoodsandaffecthumanbehavior,evensomebehaviorwenormallythinkofasvoluntary.Hormonalsystemsareveryintricate.Evenminuteamountsoftherightchemicalscansuppressappetite,calmaggression,andchangetheattitudeofaparenttowardachild.Certainhormonesacceleratethedevelopmentofthebody,regulatinggrowthandform;othersmayevendefineanindividual?spersonalitycharacteristics.Thequantitiesandproportionsofhormonesproducechangewithage,soscientistshavegivenagreatdealofstudytoshiftsintheendocrinesystemovertimeinthehopesofalleviatingailmentsassociatedwithaging.Infact,somehormonetherapiesarealreadyverycommon.Acombinationofestrogenandprogesteronehasbeenprescribedfordecadestowomenwhowanttoreducemoodswings,suddenchangesinbodytemperature,andotherdiscomfortscausedbylowernaturallevelsofthosehormonesastheyentermiddleage.Knownashormonereplacementtherapy(HRT),thetreatmentwasalsobelievedtopreventweakeningofthebones.AtleastonestudyhaslinkedHRTwithaheightenedriskofheartdiseaseandcertaintypesofcancer.HRTmayalsoincreasethelikelihoodthatbloodclots-dangerousbecausetheycouldtravelthroughthebloodstreamandblockmajorbloodvessels-willform.SomeproponentsofHRThavetemperedtheirenthusiasminthefaceofthisnewevidence,recommendingitonlytopatientswhosesymptomsinterferewiththeirabilitiestolivenormallives.Humangrowthhormonemayalsobegiventopatientswhoaresecretingabnormallylowamountsontheirown.Becauseofthecomplicatedeffectsgrowthhormonehasonthebody,suchtreatmentsaregenerallyrestrictedtochildrenwhowouldbepathologicallysmallinstaturewithoutit.Growthhormoneaffectsnotjustphysicalsizebutalsothedigestionoffoodandtheagingprocess.Researchersandfamilyphysicianstendtoagreethatitisfoolhardytodispenseitincasesinwhichtherisksarenotclearlyoutweighedbythebenefits.Whichofthefollowingsentencesexplainstheprimarygoalofhormonereplacementtherapy?A)Thequantitiesandproportionsofhormonesproducechangewithage,soscientistshavegivenagreatdealofstudytoshiftsintheendocrinesystemovertimeinthehopesofalleviatingailmentsassociatedwithaging.B)Acombinationofestrogenandprogesteronehasbeenprescribedfordecadestowomenwhowanttoreducemoodswings,suddenchangesinbodytemperature,andotherdiscomfortscausedbylowernaturallevelsofthosehormonesastheyentermiddleage.C)HRTmayalsoincreasethelikelihoodthatbloodclots-dangerousbecausetheycouldtravelthroughthebloodstreamandblockmajorbloodvessels-willform.D)Becauseofthecomplicatedeffectsgrowthhormonehasonthebody,suchtreatmentsaregenerallyrestrictedtochildrenwhowouldbepathologicallysmallinstaturewithoutit.答案:A解析:A选项为文章第四段最后一句话，清楚地表明了科学家研究荷尔蒙是为了减轻由于衰老带来的各种疾病。B，C，D选项均未说明科学家研究荷尔蒙重置疗法的目的，为无关选项。[单选题]26.IliveinthelandofDisney,Hollywoodandyear-roundsun.Youmaythinkpeopleinsuchaglamorous,fun-filledplacearehappierthanothers.Ifso,youhavesomemistakenideasaboutthenatureofhappiness.Manyintelligentpeoplestillequatehappinesswithfun.Thetruthisthatfunandhappinesshavelittleornothingincommon.Funiswhatweexperienceduringanact.Happinessiswhatweexperienceafteranact.Itisadeepermoreabidingemotion.Goingtoanamusementparkorballgame,watchingamovieortelevision,arefunactivitiesthathelpusrelax,temporarilyforgetourproblemsandmaybeevenlaugh.Buttheydonotbringhappiness,becausetheirpositiveeffectsendwhenthefunends.IhaveoftenthoughtthatifHollywoodstarshavearoletoplay,itistoteachusthathappinesshasnothingtodowithfan.Theserich,beautifulindividualshaveconstantaccesstoglamorousparties,fancycars,expensivehomes,everythingthatspells?happiness?.Butinmemoiraftermemoir,celebritiesrevealtheunhappinesshiddenbeneathalltheirfun:depression,alcoholism,drugaddiction,brokenmarriages,troubledchildrenandprofoundloneliness.Askabachelorwhyheresistsmarriageeventhoughhefindsdatingtobelessandlesssatisfying.Ifhe?shonest,hewilltellyouthatheisafraidofmakingacommitment.Forcommitmentisintactquitepainful.Thesinglelifeisfilledwithfun,adventureandexcitement.Marriagehassuchmoments,buttheyarenotitsmostdistinguishingfeatures.Similarly,couplesthatchoosenottohavechildrenaredecidinginfavorofpainlessfunoverpainfulhappiness.Theycandineoutevertheywantandsleepaslateastheywant.Coupleswithinfantchildrenareluckytogetawholenight?ssleeporathree-dayvacation.Idon?tknowanyparentwhowouldchoosethewordfuntodescriberaisingchildren.Understandingandacceptingthattruehappinesshasnothingtodowithfunisoneofthemostliberatingrealizationswecanevercometo.Itliberatestime:nowwecandevotemorehourstoactivitiesthatcangenuinelyincreaseourhappiness.Itliberatesmoney:buyingthatnewcarorthosefancyclothesthatwilldonothingtoincreaseourhappinessnowseemspointless.Anditliberatesusfromenvy:wenowunderstandthatallthoserichandglamorouspeopleweweresosurearehappybecausetheyarealwayshavingsomuchfunactuallymaynotbehappyatall.Coupleshavinginfantchildren_____.A)areluckysincetheycanhaveawholenight?ssleepB)findfunintuckingthemintobedatnightC)findmoretimetoplayandjokewiththemD)derivehappinessfromtheirendeavor答案:D解析:文章第六段告诉我们，那些不要孩子的人是决定选择无痛的乐趣，而不是疼痛的幸福。他们可以在任何时候做自己想做的事情，而那些带孩子的人却难得睡一整晚的好觉，或有两三天的假期。但是有孩子的人得到的却是幸福，而不是简单的乐趣。由此可知，抚养孩子的人，是在付出努力的过程中品尝到了幸福的滋味。[单选题]27.Australia?sfrogsarehavingtroublefindinglove.Trafficnoiseandothersoundsofcitylife,suchasairconditionersandconstructionnoise,aredrowningoutthematingcallsofmalefrogsinurbanareas,1eadingtoasharpdropinfrogpopulations.But,inthefirststudyofitskind,Parris,ascientistattheUniversityofMelbournehasfoundthatsomefrogshavefiguredoutawaytocompensateforhumaninterferenceintheirlovelives.Amalesouthernbrowntreefrogsendsoutamatingcallwhenhe?slookingforadate.Itismusictotheearsofafemalesouthernbrowntreefrog.But,addthesoundsofnearbytrafficandthemessagejustisnotgoingout.ParrisspentsevenyearsstudyingfrogsaroundMelbourne.Shesayssomefrogshavecomeupwithaninterestingstrategyformakingthemselvesheard.?Wefoundthatit?schangingthepitchofitscall,sogoinghigherup,upthefrequencyspectrum,beinghigherandsqueakier,furtherawayfromthetrafficnoiseandthisincreasesthedistanceoverwhichitcanbeforheard,?Parrissaid.Theoldcallislowerinpitch.Thenewoneishigherinpitch.Now,thatmaysoundlikeaprettysimplesolution.But,changingtheircallstocopewithanoisyenvironmentisactuallyquiteextraordinaryforfrogs.Andwhilethemaleshavefiguredouthowtomakethemselvesheardabovethenoise,Parrissaysitmaynotbewhatthefemalesarelookingfor.?Whenfemaleshaveachoicebetweentwomalescalling,theytendtoselecttheonethatcallsatalowerfrequencybecause,infrogs,thefrequencyofacallisrelatedtobodysize.So,thebiggerfrogstendtocalllower,?sheexplained.?Andsotheyalsotendtobetheolderfrogs,theguysperhapswithmoreexperience,theyknowwhatthey?redoingandthewomenareattractedtothose.?FrogpopulationsinMelbournehavedroppedconsiderablysinceParrisbeganherresearch,butitisnotjustbecauseofnoise.MuchofAustraliahasbeenlockedina10-yeardrought,leavingfrogsfewerandfewerpondstogolookingforthatspecialsomeone.Parrisisthefirstpersonwhomadestudyfor_____A)frog?spopulationB)frog?slovelivesC)frog?smatingcallsandlivingenvironmentD)theeffectsofhumannoisesonfrog答案:C解析:根据Parris和first…study定位到第一段。本段首先提到由于城市生活的噪音使得城市地区的青蛙在求偶时出现问题，也就是这一它们的生存环境对它们求偶的影响，而Parris就是研究这个问题的。同时，通读全文可知主要讲由于人类噪音干扰，青蛙改变叫声来求偶。全文围绕?matingcalls?展开，最后一段又指出青蛙数量下降是由于干旱，属于生存环境方面。因此选项C为正确答案。第一段最后一句虽然提到?lovelives?，但是强调的是Parris发现青蛙如何来弥补人类对它们的?lovelives?的影响，研究的不是lovelives本身，因此选项B不正确。Parris主要研究的是人类噪音对其求偶的影响，选项D?对青蛙的影响?太过宽泛，因此排除。[单选题]28.Inmostdevelopedcountries,thesmallcorporationpaysabout32.5percentofitsnetincomeintaxes_____thelargeonepays_____46percent.A)but;nearB)and;onlyC)while;someD)however;quite答案:C解析:句意：在大多数发达国家，法律规定小公司支付其收入的32.5%为税款，而大公司则交付50%的税款。句子表示转折意味，而且没有用逗号连接，故排除A、B、D项，选C项正确。[单选题]29.JeanWagner′smostenduringcontributiontothestudyofAfro-Americanpoetryishisinsistencethatit()inareligious，aswellasworldly，frameofreference.A)istobeanalyzedB)hasbeenanalyzedC)beanalyzedD)shouldhavebeenanalyzed答案:C解析:考查虚拟语气。名词insistence后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气。故本题选C。句意：吉恩·瓦各纳对美国黑人诗歌研究的最杰出的贡献是：他坚持认为不仅要以世俗的观点而且还要以宗教的观点来分析他们的诗。[单选题]30.MarkTwain?scontributiontothedevelopmentofrealismandtoAmericanliteratureasawholewaspartlythroughhistheoriesoflocalisminAmericanfiction,andpartlythrough_____.A)hishumorB)hissatireC)hiscolloquialstyleD)hisstoriesofadventures答案:C解析:马克·吐温的地方特色小说与他写作风格口语化密切相关。[单选题]31.Belloncetoldhisfamilythathewouldratherberememberedasateacherofdeafpeople_____ofthetelephone.A)thattheinventionB)thanastheinventorC)fortheinventionD)astheinventor答案:B解析:句意：贝尔曾对他的家人说过他宁愿人们把他当作聋人教师而不是电话的发明者来怀念。rather…than…是……而不是……。[单选题]32.Inthisexperiment,thestudents?studiesarestoppedseveraltimesduringthelisteningtestandaskedtoreportwhatthey_____duringthepausebeforeansweringthequestions.A)hadjustbeenthinkingaboutB)havejustbeenthinkingaboutC)arejustthinkingaboutD)hadjustthoughtabout答案:B解析:句意：在这个试验中，学生们在听力测验的过程中被数次打断，并被要求报告在答题前的短暂停顿中想了什么。has/havebeen+动词的现在分词是动词的现在完成时结构。现在完成时表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在并且还将持续下去的动作或者是表示在说话时刻之前刚刚结束的动作。Just表明停顿中的所想是发生在被打断之前刚刚结束的动作，所以用现在完成进行时。[单选题]33.Inonesense_____wroteallhislifeaboutonetheme,whichisneatlysummedupinthefamousphrase,?graceunderpressure,?andcreatedoneherowhoactsthatthemeout.A)WaltWhitmanB)EmilyDickinsonC)HenryJamesD)ErnestHemingway答案:D解析:海明威的一生都在描写一个主题，即?重压下的风度?。[单选题]34.Itcanbearguedthatmuchconsumerdissatisfactionwithmarketingstrategiesarisesfromaninabilitytoaimadvertisingatonlythelikelybuyersofagivenproduct.Therearethreegroupsofconsumerswhoareaffectedbythemarketingprocess.First,thereisthemarketsegment-peoplewhoneedthecommodityinquestion.Second,thereistheprogramtarget-peopleinthemarketsegmentwiththe?bestfit?characteristicsforaspecificproduct.Lotsofpeoplemayneedtrousers,butonlyafewqualifyaslikelybuyersofveryexpensivedesignertrousers.Finally,thereistheprogramaudience-allpeoplewhoareactuallyexposedtothemarketingprogramwithoutregardtowhethertheyneedorwanttheproductThesethreegroupsarerarelyidentical.Anexceptionoccursincaseswherecustomersforaparticularindustrialproductmaybefewandeasilyidentifiable.Suchcustomers,allsharingaparticularneed,arelikelytoformameaningfultarget,forexample,allcompanieswithaparticularapplicationoftheproductinquestion,suchashigh-speedfillersofbottlesatbreweries.Insuchcircumstances,directselling(marketingthatreachesonlytheprogramtarget)islikelytobeeconomicallyjustified,andhighlyspecializedtrademediaexisttoexposemembersoftheprogramtarget-andonlymembersoftheprogramtarget-tothemarketingprogram.Mostconsumer-goodsmarketsaresignificantlydifferent.Typically,therearemanyratherthanfewpotentialcustomers.Eachrepresentsarelativelysmallpercentageofpotentialsales.Rarelydomembersofaparticularmarketsegmentgroupthemselvesneatlyintoameaningfulprogramtarget.Therearesubstantialdifferencesamongconsumerswithsimilardemographiccharacteristics.Evenwithallthepastdecade?sadvancesininformationtechnology,directsellingofconsumergoodsisrare,andmassmarketing-amarketingapproachthataimsatawideaudience-remainstheonlyeconomicallyfeasiblemode.Unfortunately,therearefewmediathatallowthemarketertodirectamarketingprogramexclusivelytotheprogramtarget.Inevitably,peoplegetexposedtoagreatdealofmarketingforproductsinwhichtheyhavenointerestandsotheybecomeannoyed.Thepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingabouthighlyspecializedtrademedia?A)Theyshouldbeusedonlywhendirectsellingisnoteconomicallyfeasible.B)Theycanbeusedtoexcludefromtheprogramaudiencepeoplewhoarenotpartoftheprogramtarget.C)Theyareusedonlyforveryexpensiveproducts.D)Theyarerarelyusedintheimplementationofmarketingprogramsforindustrialproducts.答案:B解析:由文章第二段，…highlyspecializedtrademediaexisttoexposemembersoftheprogramtarget…可知，高度特定化的媒体是针对有购买意向的特定人群的。故选B。[单选题]35.WashingtonD.C.isnamedafter().A)TheU.S.PresidentGeorgeWashingtonB)ChristopherColumbusC)BothGeorgeWashingtonandChristopherColumbusD)Noneofthem答案:C解析:考查美国城市。美国首都，全称?华盛顿哥伦比亚特区?(WashingtonDistrictofColumbia)，为纪念乔治.华盛顿(GeorgeWashington)和发现美洲新大陆的哥伦布(ChristopherColumbus)而得名。[单选题]36.TraditionalresearchhasconfrontedonlyMexicanandUnitedStatesinterpretationsofMexican-Americanculture.NowwemustalsoexaminethecultureasweMexicanAmericanshaveexperiencedit,passingfromasovereignpeoplecompatriotswithnewlyarrivingsettlersto,finallyaconqueredpeople-acharterminorityonourownland.WhentheSpanishfirstcametoMexico,theyintermarriedwithandabsorbedthecultureoftheindigenousIndians.ThispolicyofcolonizationthroughacculturationwascontinuedwhenMexicoacquiredTexasintheearly1800?sandbroughttheindigenousIndiansintoMexicanlifeandgovernment.Inthe1820?sUnitedStatecitizensmigratedtoTexas,attractedbylandsuitableforcotton.Astheirnumbersbecamemoresubstantial,theirpolicyofacquiringlandbysubduingnativepopulationsbeg