Unit+4+Life+on+Mars+Reading+1知识点 牛津译林版九年级下+册

Unit4LifeonMarsReading1.原文呈现：Ourownplanet,theEarth,isbecomingmoreandmorecrowdedandpollutedbecauseoftherapidincreaseinpopulation.(P52)①crowdedadj.拥挤的;挤满的;充满的;becrowdedwith...挤满...②crowdn.人群，群众inthecrowd在人群中thecrowd人群acrowdof...一群...③crowdv.挤，靠近，涌入crowdinto涌入crowdout挤出crowdaround围拢ThestorewascrowdedwithshoppersHepushedhiswaythroughthecrowd.Long

long

ago,there

was

a

crowd

of

antelopes

in

the

forest.Thousandsofpeoplecrowdedthenarrowstreet.【牛刀小试】1.Theshop_________witholdpeopleonweekends，butchildren_________intheinterestingplaces.A.crowds；crowdedB.crowded；crowdsC.crowded；crowdD.is

crowded；crowd2.MyfatherwarnedmeagainstgoingtoBeijingduringMayDaybecauseitwas_________（crowd）withtourists．3.Today，astheworld'surbanpopulationexplodes，andcitiesbecome_______(crowd)thanever.4.每天早上鲁迅公园挤满了锻炼的老人．（crowd）________________________________________________________.【答案】1.D2.crowded3.morecrowded4.EverymorningLuXunParkiscrowdedwitholdpeoplewhoexercise2.原文呈现：ItishopedthatpeoplecouldstartalloveragainandbuildabetterworldonMars.(P52)①Itishopedthat...希望...Itis+done+that...(人们...，大家...)It'sreportedthat...据报道...It’sbelievedthat...相信...It'sknownthat...众所周知...It’ssaidthat...据说...It’sthoughtthat...人们都认为...Itisestimatedthat...据估计...②alloveragain再；重新allover到处，遍及；浑身allovertheworld全世界spreadallover遍及；遍布各地allovertheplace到处,各处alloverthelot混乱地；无条理地Afterdrinkingsomewine,Ifeelwarmallover.Theboxburstopenanditscontentsflew

all

over

theplace.【牛刀小试】1.据说,一个新的建筑即将在此地建成。_____________________________anewbuildingwillbebuiltintheplace.2.据说之后不久就开始下雨了。_________________________

soon

afterward

it

began

to

rain.3.世界各地的人们都与家人和朋友一起庆祝新年。People________________________________________celebratetheNewYearwiththeirfamilyandfriends.【答案】1.It'ssaidthat2.It’sreportedthat3.inallovertheworld3.原文呈现：Atpresent,ourspacecraftaretooslowtocarrynumbersofpassengerstoMars.(P52)numbersof许多的，大量的修饰复数可数名词。①anumberof一些；许多的；若干的，后接可数名词复数,number前面可以用large或small等词修饰，表示程度。做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，②thenumberof……的数量，后面接可数名词复数。作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。Anumberofparentshavevoicedconcernabouttheirchildren'ssafety.The

number

of

students

has

been

falling

off

recently.

.【牛刀小试】1.—Howmanyteachersarethereinyourschool?

—________them________overonehundred.A.Thenumberof;isB.Thenumberof;hasC.Anumberof;areD.Anumberof;have2.—Alargenumberofpeopleinourcountry________gettingvaccinated（接种疫苗）thesedays.

—Yes.AndgettingvaccinatedisthebestwaytopreventpeoplefromCOVID-19.A.isB.areC.wasD.were3.Inourschoollibrarythere________anumberofbooksandthenumberofthem________growinglargerandlarger.A.is;areB.are;isC.has;isD.have;are【答案】ABB4.原文呈现：Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,bytheyear2100,thejourneymightonlytakeabout20minutesinspacecraftthattravelatthespeedoflight.(P52)①withthedevelopmentoftechnology介词短语在句中做伴随状语，表示一种伴随情况或条件withthehelpofhim在他的帮助下withtheriseofsocialmedia随着社交媒体的兴起withthepassageoftime随着时间的流逝withthesupportofhisparents在他父母的支持下Withtherapidincreaseofpopulation,theEarthisbecomingmoreandmorecrowded.With

the

passage

of

time,

the

whole

thing

will

be

forgotten.②speedn.速度ata/thespeedof以……的速度atahigh/fullspeed以高速/全速...atalowspeed以低速..inspeed迅速，赶快speed(sped/sped)v.加速speedup加快速度Shewasdrivingathighspeedwhenshehadtheaccident.

Younoticethatyourbreathinghasspedupabit.【牛刀小试】1.在家人的支持下，我得以实现我的目标。___________________________myfamily,Iwasabletoachievemygoals.2.火车正以每小时六十英里的速度行驶Thetrainistravelling______________________________sixtymilesanhour.3.我已经采取措施加快解决该问题I

had

already

taken

steps

to____________

a

solution

to

the

problem

【答案】1.Withthesupportof2.ataspeedof3.speedup5.原文呈现：Humanscannotsurvivewithoutwater,oxygenorfood.(P52)survivev.①survivesth幸免于；从……中挺过来/活过来②surviveon

依靠……生存下来③AsurviveB(by...)

A比B活得长(……)【拓展】survivor

n.幸存者；生还者survival

n.[U]幸存；[C]残存物Idon’tknowhowyouallmanageto

surviveon

Jeremy’ssalary(薪水，工资）.As

farasIknow，theoldwoman

survived

herhusband

by

tenyears.Ifhecouldn’tfindhiswayoutoftheforest，therewouldbelittlechanceof

survival.【牛刀小试】1.Afterhe_________

theearthquake，theoldmanbecameoneofthefew

___________

ofthefamilyandhis

___________

madehisoldfriendsveryhappy.(survive)【答案】1.survived;survivors;survival6.原文呈现：Foodwouldmostprobablybeintheformofpillsandwouldnotbesotasty.(P52)formn.表格applicationform申请表fullout/completeaform填表格formn.形式intheformof以……的形式taketheformof...呈现为...表现为...formv.形成form/developahabit养成一个习惯formarelationship建立关系【拓展】含有in的常用短语：inalldirections四面八方；各个方向ingeneral总的来说；大体上inplace在适当位置；准备妥当inpublic公开地；在别人面前inthelead处于领先地位infear恐惧地insurprise惊讶地inneed在困难时，在危难之中inprison在监狱(服刑)inorder有序，整齐inahurry匆忙地inall总计；一共inone'stwenties在某人二十多岁时inone'slife在某人的一生中【牛刀小试】1.Fillinthefollowing________（form）withthewordsabove．2.Thebadhabitwhich________inschoolhasagreateffectonhim．（form）3.Iaskedheropinion,butshejustaskedmeaquestion________.A.inadditionB.inturnC.infactD.inreturn4.Neitherofthemwantedtosayanythingtoeachother,sotheywalkedhome________.A.insilenceB.insurpriseC.atfirstD.atleast【答案】1.forms2.wasformed3.D4.A7.原文呈现ThegravityonMarsisonlyaboutthree-eighthsofthatontheEarth.(P53)three­eighthsnum.八分之三英语中分数的表达法：分子用基数词，分母用序数词；分子大于1时，分母变为复数形式；分子与分母之间可加连字符，也可不加。注意：分数后面常跟of短语，作主语时，谓语动词的单复数和of后面名词的单复数保持一致。Three­fourthsofthelandiscoveredbyforestsinthatcountry.Three­fourthsofthestudentsinthisuniversityarefromChina.【牛刀小试】1.—About________ofthestudentsinourclasswerebornundertheYearRabbit.

—Oh,thatistosaytheywerebornin_________.A.four-fifths;the1999B.four-fifths;1999C.four-fifth;the1999D.four-fifth;19992.Nearly________oftheAmericanchildrengetmoneyfromtheirpart-timejob.A.twothirdB.twothreeC.twothirdsD.secondthird3.________ofthewarmwater________alreadybeenusedup.A.Twothird,hasB.Twothirds,hasC.Twothirds,haveD.Twothird,have4.I'minterestedinhistory．

ofthebooksonmybookcase

abouthistory．A.Threefifth；areB.Threefifths；areC.Threefifth；isD.Threefifths；is【答案】BCBB8.原文呈现：Peoplewouldhavetowearbootsthatarespeciallydesignedtopreventthemselvesfloatingoffintospace.(P53)designv.①bedesignedfor/todosth.旨在某事/做某事②designsthfor...

打算...,为……而设计某物designn.设计③by

design=onpurpose故意地；蓄意地(反)byaccident=bychance无意地，意外地designer

n.设计者④prevent/stop/keepsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事Thedesignersdesignedachildren’splayroomforthem.TheHopeProject

isdesignedtohelp

thosechildreninneed.Wemuststophimfromthrowingtherubbisheverywhere.【牛刀小试】1.Thepopularproject_____________

(design)tohelpthedisabled.2.Thetelevisionprogrammeisdesigned

________(educate)andnottoentertain.3.Thehousesarespeciallydesigned

_______

theoldpeople4.Inordertoprotecttheenvironment，factoriesmust________frompouringwasteintotheriver．（prevent）5.Wearingmaskscanpreventpeoplefrom___________acold.(catch)【答案】1.wasdesigned2.toeducate3.for4.beprevented5.catching9.原文呈现：ComparedwithlifeontheEarth,lifeonMarswouldbebetterinsomeways.(P53)comparev.比较，对比compare...to...把...比作compare...with...把...与...比较becomparedto/with...被比作成.../被拿来比较Thepoetcomparesthewomanhelovestoarose.Ifyoucomparehisworkwithhers,youwillfindhersismuchbetter.Nothingcan

be

compared

with

thehonestywhichisvital（至关重要的）toaperson.【牛刀小试】1.Ifyoualways________yourself_______others,youwillmissthewonderwhoyouare.A.compare;fromB.connect;toC.compare;withD.consider;as2._______yourlist______otherstudents’,youcanfindthemistakesyouhavemade.A.Compared;withB.Comparing;withC.Compare;toD.Compare;with3.Duringalongtime,weliketo______theteachers_______thecandles.A.compare;toB.compare;withC.regard;asD.regard;with【答案】1.C2.A3.A10.原文呈现：Everystudentwouldhaveacomputerathomeconnectedtoaninterplanetarynetwork.(P53)connectedto...过去分词短语在句中作后置定语connectv.连接connectAtoB将A连接到B上connectAwithB将A与B连接在一起beconnectedwith与...相关，与...有联系，Youneedconnectawiretothistelevision.ArailwayconnectsBeijingwithShanghai.The

man

must

be

connected

with

the

accident.

【牛刀小试】1.TheChineselanguagehasbecomeabridgeto___________China___________therestoftheworld.A.connect...toB.oC.compare...withD.separate...from2.﹣﹣﹣Ineverwatchhorrorfilmsbecausetheyarescaring．

﹣﹣﹣Oh，don't_______them_______yourreallife．（）A.connect；withB.put；withC.consider；toD.think；as3.Thehigh﹣speedrailway________（connect）YanchengtoXuzhouwillbebuiltnextyear．4.Therewillbeahigh-speedrailway________(connect)YanchengtoNanjing.【答案】AAconnectingconnecting11.原文呈现：LifeonMarswouldbeinterestingaswellaschallenging.(P53)①challengingadj.具有挑战性的...achallengingtask一项具有挑战性的任务②challengen.挑战faceachallenge面对挑战takeon/acceptachallenge接受挑战meetachallenge迎接挑战③challengev.向某人挑战challengesbtodosth挑战某人做某事Thecompanyisreadytomeetthechallengesofthenextfewyears.