联立高级中学必修一

语法Grammar定语从句TheAttributiveClauses贾雅雅1.Heisan

honestboy.2.Weloveourcountry.3.What’syourtelephonenumber?4.MarxfounditimportanttostudythesituationinRussia.5.TheforeignerwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.Attributeandattributiveclause定语定语定语定语定语从句

Thepositionsoftheattribute:

1.Thisisaflowerbasket.2.Thisisabasketfullofflowers.3.ThisisabasketthatIwanttoputflowersin.（定语从句）

（单个的词作定语时要放在被修饰词的词前面；短语或从句作定语时要放在被修饰词的后面。）WhichbabyisJack?穿红裤子的baby是Jack。ThebabyisJack.ThebabyisJack.whoiswearingredtrouserswhosetrousersareredTheappleismine.Theapple

ismine.Theapple

isyours.Theapple

issmall.Theapple

isbig.?whichisredwhichisgreenwhichisredwhichisgreenthehandsomethetallthestrongthecleverthenaughtyboyTheboyisTom.TheboyisTom.TheboyisTom.Theboy

isTomTheboyisTomTheboy

isTom.whoishandsomewhoistallwhoisstrongwhoiscleverwhoisnaughtyAttributiveClause（定语从句）1.概念:在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词作定语的从句叫做定语从句。HeisanEnglishteacher

wholikessingingsongs.定语从句先行词

关系词关系词关系代词:who﹑whom﹑that﹑which﹑whose关系副词:where﹑when﹑why关系词先行词所指关系词在句中作用关系代词that人/物主、宾、表which物主、宾、表、定（偶）who人主、宾whom人宾whose人/物定as人/物/事情主、宾、表关系副词when时间时间状语where地点地点状语why原因原因状语2.定语从句的辨认与使用(思考步骤)：（1）找出先行词。（2）依据先行词指人，指物以及在从句中所作的成分来确定关系词。（3）确定定语从句的结构：两段式/三段式Thisisthebookthat/whichIboughtyesterday.Thebookthat/whichIboughtyesterdayisworthreading.三段式两段式3.关系代词:

（1）who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）ThemanwhoItalkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.（2）whom指人,只能作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomInoddedisProfessorLi.Whichhouseismine?房顶是棕色的房子是我的。Thehouseismine.whoseroofisbrownMyhouse(3)whose：即可指人，又可指物。在从句中只能作定语。Iknowthedoctor.Hisdaughterstudiesabroad.Iknowthedoctor

whosedaughterstudiesabroad.Haveyouseenmybook?Thebook’scoverisred.Haveyouseenmybook

whosecoverisred.又如：Isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen.Pleaseshowmethebagwhosecoverisred.

whose指物时，可用the….ofwhich或ofwhichthe…来代替。例如：Pleaseshowmethebagwhosecoverisred.=Pleaseshowmethebagthecoverofwhichisred.=Pleaseshowmethebagofwhichthecoverisred.1.Thestudent______fatherworksinthefactoryissittingthere.2.Iliketherooms______windowsfacesouth.3.Thisisthedesk______legswerebroken.whosewhosewhose练习：（4）that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that/who/whom)Itoldyouabout.that指人时可代替who,作宾语时可代替whom,也可省略。例如：Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.

注意：介词提前时只能用which而不能用that。Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?Isthisthelibrary(that/which)youborrowbooksfrom?

在限定性定语从句中，that和which都指物时，可通用。Thepicturethat/whichwasdrawnbyTomwasnice.（5）which只能指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省略)

Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder（which）

heisusingismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?

TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.

TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.

Theboy

whohasaroundfaceisTom.

TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.ThemanwhositsinfrontofmeisTom.用关系代词把下列句子连接成定语从句：主语

Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(who/whom/that)everyonelikesiskind.(宾语)

Thewomangotthejob.

Wesawheronthestreet.Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreet

gotthejob.

Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.

Wemettheteacheryesterday.Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.

Theboyisinthelab.

Youwanttotalktohim.Theboy(whom)youwanttotalkto

isinthelab.Theboytowhomyouwanttotalk

isinthelab.

Thisistheboy.Isitbehindhim.Thisistheboy(whom)Isitbehind.ThisistheboybehindwhomIsit.{Thewomanwho/thatlivesnextdoorisateacher.1Thewomanisateacher.2Thewomanlivesnextdoor.TheboysarefromGradeone.

Theboysareplayingbasketball.TheboysarefromGradeOne.who/thatareplayingbasketballTheboyswho/thatarefromGradeoneareplayingbasketball.2.Thenurseiskind.

Thenurselooksaftermysister.Thenurseiskind.who/thatlooksaftermysister3.Wewatchedtheplay“Teahouse”.TheplaywaswrittenbyLaoShe.Wewatchedtheplay“teahouse”which/thatwaswrittenbyLaoShe.4.Theyoungmanisafamouswriter.

Yousawtheyoungmanyesterday.Theyoungmanisafamouswriter.

whom/who/thatyousawyesterday5.Thisisthehouse.LuXunoncelivedinthehouse.Thisisthehouse

which/thatLuXunoncelivedin.6.Whereisthegirl?YoutalkedwithherlastSunday.Whereisthegirl

who/whom/thatyoutalkedwithlastSunday?

that和which在指物的情况下一般可以互换使用,但在下列情况下,

只用that而不用which。Iamsureshehassomething

(that)

youcanborrow.I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame修饰时。只能用关系代词that的情况：(5)先行词是who或who引导的主句。

Who

thatbrokethewindowwillbepunished.Whoisthegirl

thatdrovethecar?

(6)主句以Therebe引导时。

Thereare200peoplethatdidn’tknowthething.(7)当先行词在定语从句中作be表语時，关系代词用that.Sheisn’tthegirlthatshewas10yearsago.(8)主句是以which开头的疑问句时，关系代词用that。

Whichisthebookthatyouboughtlastweek?

(9)当并列的两个先行词分别表示人或物时,用关系代词that。Weweredeeplyimpressedbytheteachersandtheschoolsthatwehadvisited