高考英语一轮复习第四辑 Unit 2 Working the land 试题

Unit2Workingtheland单元加餐练Ⅰ.完形填空DearMrJones，Iexpectyoumaybeslightlysurprisedtoreceivealetterfromsomeonelivingasnearasyournext­doorneighbor,butIhavetoraiseasubjectsothatitwillbeeasierformetodiscussinwriting.YoumayhavenoticedthatIhavea__1__ofappletreesrunningalongsidethefencethat__2__ourtwogardens.Youmayalsohavetaken__3__inthefrequentsightofyourtwochildren__4__onyourlawndirectlybythefence.Andyoumayalsohave__5__thatmyappletrees,sotospeak,bendoverthefenceandseemto__6__yourchildrenwithinterest.Itisonlynaturalthatyourchildrenshouldsometimesseemtoreturnthat__7__.Anditisnotonlynatural,__8__,Iacknowledge,quitelegal,forthemoccasionallytoshowthatinterestby__9__alltheapplesthathangoveron__10__sideofthefence.Buttobeplainwithyou,MrJones,Iamtired__11__seeingyourchildren,dayafterday,tearthebranchesoffthesideofeveryoneofmyappletrees,andleavemytreeslooking__12__abattlehadbeenfoughtononesideofthem.Iam,ifanything,evenmoretiredofwakingupthesefineautumn__13__,tofindeventheapplesonmysideofthefence__14__innumber.Iknowthisistheworkofyourchildren,sincelastnightIwaswokenatmidnightbythe__15__theyweremaking__16__oneofmytrees,and(astheymayhavetoldyou)chasedthemhome.WhileIamonthesubject,Iamatleastgratefultoyouforkeepingyourbonfiresonthefarsideofyourgardenthisyear.LastyearneitherI__17__yourchildrenhadanyapples,becausethesmokefromyourbonfiredestroyedalltheflowers__18__theappleshadtimetoform.Iverymuchhopethatnextyear—forthefirsttimesinceIcametothisvillage—Ishallhavemyapples,andyourchildren__19__havetheirsandthatthesightofthelineofappletreeswillbe__20__pridetousboth.篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。作者家的苹果树长到了隔壁邻居家的院子里，邻居家的孩子在摘苹果时把树枝都给扯坏了，他们还在半夜爬到树上偷摘苹果。因此，作者给邻居写了这封信，希望他能约束一下自己的孩子，共同爱护苹果树。1．A.line B．wireC．kind D．sort答案：A根据最后一段最后一句中的“thelineofappletrees”可知，“我”沿着篱笆种了一行苹果树。line意为“排列，行”，符合语境。故答案选A。2．A.divides B．partsC．departs D．separates答案：D此处指篱笆把“我们”两家的花园隔开。divide通常指把整体分成若干部分，其后接介词into。separate指把原来各自独立但混在一起的东西分隔开来，其后常接介词from。故答案选D。3．A.part B．delightC．pride D．place答案：B看见自己的孩子坐在草坪上，家长应会很高兴。takedelightin是固定短语，意为“以……为乐”，符合语境。故答案选B。4．A.seating B．satC．sitting D．seat答案：C根据所给选项可知，此处意为“坐在草坪上”，twochildren与sit之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用其现在分词形式作宾语补足语，故C项正确。5．A.watched B．noticedC．seen D．looked答案：B根据语境可知，此处指或许你也注意到了“我”的苹果树越过了篱笆。notice意为“注意到”，符合语境。故答案选B。6．A.lookdownat B．lookdownuponC．lookupto D．lookupat答案：A根据对本句的理解可知，这里运用了拟人的手法，指苹果树越过了篱笆，饶有兴趣地俯视着你的孩子们。lookdownat意为“低头看，俯视”，符合语境。故答案选A。7．A.profit B．goodC．interest D．taste答案：C根据上文中的“withinterest”可知，此处指你的孩子有时似乎会回应苹果树对他们的兴趣，这是很自然的。此处是偷摘苹果的委婉说法。interest意为“兴趣”，符合语境。故答案选C。8．A.just B．evenC．and D．but答案：D此处构成固定搭配notonly...but(also)...，意为“不仅……而且……”。故答案选D。9．A.picking B．takingC．eating D．having答案：A根据后面的宾语“alltheapplesthathangoveron__10__sideofthefence”可知，此处是“摘苹果”的意思。pick意为“采，摘”，符合语境。故答案选A。10．A.our B．hisC．your D．their答案：C根据常识可知，邻居家孩子摘的自然是越过篱笆伸到他们家花园里的苹果枝上的苹果。本文是一封信，应用第二人称称呼邻居。故答案选C。11．A.from B．ofC．for D．with答案：B根据语境可知，此处指“我”厌烦了日复一日地看见你的孩子将树枝从苹果树上扯下来。此处是介词用于固定结构中，即betiredofdoingsth.，意为“厌烦，厌倦做某事”。故答案选B。12．A.evenif B．eventhoughC．incase D．asif答案：D根据语境可知，孩子们将树枝扯断，使树看上去就像经历过战争一般。asif意为“似乎，好像”，符合语境。故答案选D。13．A.mornings B．afternoonsC．evenings D．nights答案：A根据句中的关键词“wakingup”可知，此处应指早晨醒来。故答案选A。14．A.alittlelarger B．muchlargerC．muchsmaller D．muchfewer答案：C根据下文描述的邻居的孩子半夜爬到树上摘苹果可知，连“我”这边的苹果也少了很多，排除A、B两项。number与small搭配，不与few搭配。故答案选C。15．A.voice B．noiseC．whisper D．scream答案：B根据上文中的“Iwaswoken”可知，“我”是被孩子们的吵闹声吵醒的。noise意为“噪声，吵闹声”，符合语境。故答案选B。16．A.jumping B．beatingC．biting D．climbing答案：D根据下文中的“chasedthemhome”可知，应是爬上苹果树摘苹果。climb意为“爬；攀登”，符合语境。故答案选D。17．A.nor B．orC．so D．and答案：A此处构成固定用法“neither...nor...”，意为“……和……都不”。故答案选A。18．A.after B．untilC．before D．unless答案：C根据语境可知，去年苹果树上没有结出一个苹果，因为在苹果开始生长之前邻居家篝火的烟毁坏了所有的苹果花。before意为“在……之前”，符合语境。故答案选C。19．A.can B．willC．could D．would答案：B根据时间状语“nextyear”和前一分句中的“shall”可知，此处用一般将来时，故用will。故答案选B。20．A.a B．anC．the D．no答案：A此处是抽象名词具体化，apride意为“一件令人骄傲的事”。此处指来年看见一行苹果树会令“我们”都觉得骄傲。故答案选A。Ⅱ.阅读理解ADujiangyanistheoldestman­madewatersystemintheworld,andawonderinthedevelopmentofChinesescience.Builtover2,200yearsagoinwhatisnowSichuanProvinceinSouthwestChina,thisamazingengineeringachievementisstillusedtodaytoirrigateover6,000squarekilometresoffarmland,takeawayfloodwaterandprovidewaterfor50citiesintheprovince.Inancienttimes,theregioninwhichDujiangyannowstandssufferedfromregularfloodscausedbyoverflowfromtheMinjiangRiver.Tohelpthevictimsoftheflooding,LiBing,theregion'sgovernor,togetherwithhisson,decidedtofindasolution.TheystudiedtheproblemanddiscoveredthattherivermostoftenoverflowedwhenwintersnowatthetopofthenearbyThesimplestfixwastobuildadam,butthiswouldhaveruinedtheMinjiangRiver.SoinsteadLidesignedaseriesofchannelsbuiltatdifferentlevelsalongCuttingthechannelsthroughthehardrockofMountOncethesystemwasfinished,nomorefloodsoccurredandthepeoplewereabletolivepeacefullyandaffluently.Today,Dujiangyanisadmiredbyscientistsfromaroundtheworldbecauseofonefeature.Unlikemoderndamswherethewaterisblockedwithahugewall,DujiangyanstillletswaterflowthroughtheMinjiang篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。全文简述了都江堰水利工程的特点及其重要价值。1．WhatarethebenefitsofDujiangyanaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A．Reducingfloodingandwateringfarmland.B．Protectingthemountainandreducingflooding.C．Wateringfarmlandandimprovingwaterquality.D．Dryingtheriverandsupplyingcitieswithwater.答案：A细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，都江堰水利工程带来的益处是灌溉、防洪和提供用水。故选A。2．WhatwasthemaincauseoftheMinjiangRiver'sflooding?A．Heavyrains. B．Meltingsnow.C．Lowriverbanks. D．Steepmountains.答案：B细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，岷江洪水泛滥主要是由山上的积雪融化造成的。故选B。3．HowwasLiBingabletobreakthroughtherocksofMountYulei?A．Byusinggunpowder.B．Byfloodingtherockswithwater.C．Byapplyingaheatingandcoolingtechnique.D．Bybreakingtherockswithhammersandspades.答案：C细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“Heusedacombinationoffireandwatertoheatandcooltherocksuntiltheycrackedandcouldberemoved.”可知，他是通过运用加热和冷却的技术来解决这一难题的。故选C。4．WhyisDujiangyangreatlyadmiredbyscientiststoday?A．Itpreservesmuchofthenaturalriverlife.B．Ittookverylittletimetocompletetheproject.C．Thebuildingtechniquesusedwereverymodern.D．Ithasraisedthelivingstandardsofthelocalpeople.答案：A细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，这是因为都江堰水利工程使河流的生态系统和鱼类和谐相处。故选A。B(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Whenaleafyplantisunderattack,itdoesn'tsitquietly.Backin1983,twoscientists,JackSchultzandIanBaldwin,reportedthatyoungmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparticularsmellthatneighboringplantscanget.Thesechemicalscomefromtheinjuredpartsoftheplantandseemtobeanalarm.Whattheplantspumpthroughtheairisamixtureofchemicalsknownasvolatileorganiccompounds，VOCsforshort.ScientistshavefoundthatallkindsofplantsgiveoutVOCswhenbeingattacked.It'saplant'swayofcryingout.Butisanyonelistening？Apparently.Becausewecanwatchtheneighborsreact.Someplantspumpoutsmellychemicalstokeepinsectsaway.Butothersdodoubleduty.Theypumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers.Oncetheyarrive,the_tables_are_turned.Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch.Instudyafterstudy,itappearsthatthesechemicalconversationshelptheneighbors.Thedamageisusuallymoreseriousonthefirstplant,buttheneighbors,relativelyspeaking,staysaferbecausetheyheardthealarmandknewwhattodo.Doesthismeanthatplantstalktoeachother?Scientistsdon'tknow.Maybethefirstplantjustmadeacryofpainorwassendingamessagetoitsownbranches,andso,ineffect,wastalkingtoitself.Perhapstheneighborsjusthappenedto“overhear”thecry.Soinformationwasexchanged,butitwasn'tatrue,intentionalbackandforth.CharlesDarwin,over150yearsago,imaginedaworldfarbusier,noisierandmoreintimate(亲密的)thantheworldwecanseeandhear.Oursensesareweak.There'sawholelotgoingon.篇章导读：本文是一篇科普说明文。文章主要介绍了叶类植物受到袭击时，会发出一种有机化合物VOCs来保护自己或通过化学物质与周围的植物进行交流。5．Whatdoesaplantdowhenitisunderattack?A．Itmakesnoises.B．Itgetshelpfromotherplants.C．Itstandsquietly.D．Itsendsoutcertainchemicals.答案：D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...reportedthatyoungmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparticularsmellthatneighboringplantscanget....”可知，植物受到攻击时会释放出一种特殊的气味，而这种特殊的气味就是某些化学物质。故选D。6．Whatdoestheauthormeanby“thetablesareturned”inParagraph3?A．Theattackersgetattacked.B．Theinsectsgatherunderthetable.C．Theplantsgetreadytofightback.D．Theperfumesattractnaturalenemies.答案：A句意理解题。根据画线部分后的“Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch.”可知，画线部分的意思是袭击者受到了它的天敌的袭击。故选A。7．Scientistsfindfromtheirstudiesthatplantscan________.A．predictnaturaldisastersB．protectthemselvesagainstinsectsC．talktooneanotherintentionallyD．helptheirneighborswhennecessary答案：B推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Someplantspumpoutsmellychemicalstokeepinsectsaway.”和“Theypumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers....nowbecomeslunch.”可知，植物能保护自己免受昆虫的伤害。故选B。8．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Theworldischangingfasterthanever.B．Peoplehavestrongersensesthanbefore.C．Theworldismorecomplexthanitseems.D．PeopleinDarwin'stimeweremoreimaginative.答案：C推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，达尔文设想了一个远比现实世界更繁忙、更喧嚣和更亲密的世界，而我们的感官却非常弱，植物世界比它表面所展现的更复杂。由此可知，(自然)世界似乎比它看上去的样子更复杂。故选C。Ⅲ.短文改错Lastsummer,Igotapart­timejobasawaiter.Iworkedhardandveryhelpful.Everyoneinarestaurantincludingsomeregularcustomerlikedme.Oneday,aforeigncoupleintheirfiftiesenteredintotherestaurant.IwashappytohaveachancetopracticetheirspokenEnglish.Iwentuptogreetthemwarm.AfterItooktheirorder,ItoldthemtheirfoodwillbeservedquicklybecauseweChineserespecttheelderly.Afterheardmywords,alookofdispleasureappearedonthewife'sface.Seeingmyconfusinglook,herhusbandexplainedtometheWesternersdislikedthedescription“old”.Iapologizedtothembutrealizedtheimportanceofknowingculturaldifferences.答案：Lastsummer,Igotapart­timejobasawaiter.Iworkedhardandeq\o(∧,\s\do14(①was))veryhelpful.Everyoneineq\o(a,\s\do14(②the))restaurantincludingsomeregulareq\o(customer,\s\do14(③customers))likedme.Oneday,aforeigncoupleintheirfiftiesenteredeq\o(eq\o(into,＼),\s\do14(④))therestaurant.Iwashappytohaveachancetopracticeeq\o(their,\s\do14(