2015届高中英语外研版（通用）【配套WORD文档】Book 5 Module 1

重点单词1pare/kəm′peə/vt.比较2.remark/rI′mɑːk/n．评论；讲话3．add/æd/vt.加；增加；补充说4.present/prI′zent/vt.陈述；提出(观点、计划等)5．attempt/ə′tempt/n．努力；尝试6.standard/′stændəd/adj.标准的7．simplify/′sImplIfaI/vt.简化8.distinctive/dI′stIŋktIv/adj.与众不同的9．obvious/′ɒbviəs/adj.显然的，显而易见的→obviouslyadv.显而易见地；显著地10．criticise/′krItIˌsaIz/vt.批评→criticaladj.苟求的；批评的→criticismn．批评；评论；攻击11．confusing/kən′fjuːzIŋ/adj.令人困惑的；难懂的→confusedadj.感到困惑的12．variety/və′raIəti/n．种类→varyv．变化，不同→variousadj.各种各样的13．differ/′dIfə/vi.不同，有区别→differentadj.不同的→differencen．不同；差异14．settler/′setlə/n．移民；定居者→settlev．定居；殖民；解决15．announcement/ə′naʊnsmənt/n．声明；宣告→announcev．宣布16．reference/′refərəns/n．参考；查阅→referv．参考；查阅；涉及到重点短语1.have...inmon有相同的特点2.makeadifference有影响；使不相同3．getaround四处走动(旅行)4.havedifficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有困难5．infavourof同意；支持6.referto...as...称……为……7．leadto引起；导致8.thanksto幸亏，多亏经典句型1.TheBritishsayHaveyougot...？whileAmericanspreferDoyouhave...?英国人说Haveyougot...？然而美国人更愿意说Doyouhave...?2．ALondonerhasmoredifficultyunderstandingaScotsmanfromGlasgowthanunderstandingaNewYorker.伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更困难。3．Sincethe1980s，withsatelliteTVandtheInternet，ithasbeenpossibletolistentoBritishandAmericanEnglishattheflickofaswitch.自从20世纪80年代以来，通过卫星电视和互联网，只要轻轻打开开关，听到英式和美式英语已经成为可能。4．ButithasalsoledtolotsofAmericanwordsandstructurespassingintoBritishEnglish，sothatsomepeoplenowbelievethatBritishEnglishwilldisappear.但是这也致使许多美式英语单词和结构传入英式英语，以致于现在有些人相信英式英语将要消失。5．Bythe1850sitwassellingonemillioncopiesayear，makingitoneofthemostpopularschoolbooksever.到19世纪中期，每年可以卖出100万本，使得它成为最受欢迎的课本之一。语境记忆Thelinguistpresentatthemeetingremarkedthatweshouldbebraveenoughtofacevariouscriticismsandchallengesinourlife.Obviously，whathesaidisright.Therearemanythingsinlifewesimplycan’tchangeorcontrol，butwecancontrolourattitudestowardsthem.Ourattitudesmakeallthedifferencetoourlife.Atlast，headdedthatparedtothepast，wearelivingabetterlifenowandwemustseizethegoodopportunitytomakesteadierprogress.构词记忆eq\x(­ation/­ion/­tion)edition/I′dIʃn/n．[C]版；版本；版次exhibition/ˌeksI′bIʃn/n．[C]&[U]展览；展览会；展览品expectation/ˌekspek′teIʃn/n．[C]&[U]期待；预期；期望graduation/ˌɡrædjʊ′eIʃn/n．1.[U]毕业2.[C]&[U]毕业典礼1．It’sobviousfromwhathesaidthatsomethingwaswrong.Obviously，heneededhelp.(obvious)2．Itisoftenusefultomakeaparison.Ifyoupareherworkwithhis，youmayknowthedifferenceparedwithhiswork，assheoftensaid，shehadalongwaytogo.(pare)3．Inordertoresistagainsttheearthquake，thestructureofthebuildinghasbeenredesignedinmon.4．Asweallknow，MaoZedonghasastrongHunanaccent.5．Themalebirdshavedistinctive(与众不同的)blackandwhitemarksontheirheads.6．Eachpersonwillpresent(阐述)theirideaandthenwewillvotetochoosetheonewelikebest.7．Thispaperdoesnotreachanacceptablestandard(标准)．8．Iwenttothebookstoreyesterdayandboughtareference(参考)book.1confusingadj.令人困惑的，令人迷惑的(puzzling)；难懂的confusev.使糊涂，使迷惑；将……混淆，混同；使更难于理解；使为难confuseAwith/andB把A与B混淆confusedadj.感到困惑的；烦恼的；糊涂的beconfusedabout对……感到困惑beconfusedby被……搞糊涂confusionn.混乱；困惑inconfusion处于混乱状态；困窘地Ican’tseehowanyonecouldconfuseyouwithanother！我不明白怎么会有人把你和另外一个人搞混！ThingswerehappeningtooquicklyandBrianwasconfused.事情发生得太快，把布赖恩给弄糊涂了。夯实基础用confuse的适当形式填空(1)Heconfusedmebyaskingsomanyquestions.(2)Don’tconfuseAsiawith/andAfrica.(3)Therewasaconfusedlookonhisfacewhenhemetwiththeconfusingproblem.(4)Shelookedatmeinconfusionanddidn’tanswermyquestion.2differvi.不同；相异；意见相左(todisagreewithsb.)differfrom不同于；和……不同differin在……方面不同differabout/on/over...在……上意见有分歧bedifferentfrom...in...在……方面与……不同Thestoryhetoldthepolicedifferedfromtheonehetoldhismother.他在警方和母亲那里说辞不一。Thetwoleadershavedifferedontheissueofsanctions.两位领导人在制裁问题上存在意见分歧。夯实基础(1)语法填空①Humansdifferfromotheranimalsintheirabilitytospeak.②Foreignautomakersdifferintheirresponsetotheslowdown(减缓)．(2)Leavesarefoundonallkindsoftrees，buttheydiffergreatlyinsizeandshape(但是它们在大小和形状方面有很大的不同)．3remarkn.谈论；言论；评述；v.评论；谈论；说起makearemarkon/upon/about就……发表意见remarkon/upon对……进行评论remarkthat...谈到，说起ShehasmadeoutspokenremarksaboutthelegalizationofcannabisinBritain.她对英国关于大麻的立法进行了大胆评论。IremarkedthatIwouldgoshoppingthatafternoon.我说过我那天下午要去购物。夯实基础(1)Itwastheremarkshemade(是他作的评论)attheconferencethatleftmewonderingabouthisrealpurpose.(2)同义句改写Don’tremarkonherappearancerudely.(用remark的名词短语改写句子)Don’tmakeruderemarksonherappearance.4presentv.授予；赠送；陈述；提出，提交；adj.存在的；目前的；在场的；n.礼物；目前

atpresent＝atthepresenttime现在；目前bepresentat出席……inthepresenceofsb.＝inone’spresence当着……的面，在……面前presentsth.tosb.＝presentsb.withsth.向某人赠送某物makeapresentofsth.tosb.＝makesb.apresentofsth.把某物赠送给某人forthepresent＝forthetimebeing目前；暂时WangHua，ourmonitor，presentedherwiththepreparedflowers.我们的班长王华向她献上了准备好的鲜花。(2012·陕西·书面表达)Besides，therearesomepresentsIboughtformyfamilymembersandfriends；itwillbeagreatdisappointmenttomeifIcan’tfindthesuitcase.而且，箱子里面有我为家人和朋友买的礼物，如果找不到它，我会很失望。(2010·重庆·书面表达)图解助记特别提醒present作前置定语时意为“目前的”；作后置定语时，意为“出席的，在场的”。夯实基础(1)语法填空①Theboywaspunishedinthepresenceofallhisclassmates.②Whowillbepresentattheconcert?③Themayorpresentedhimwithagoldmedalatanofficialcityreception.(2)Hepresentedhisview(提出了他的观点)attheconference.5attemptn.企图，试图；尝试；努力try；effort；v.努力；尝试；试图try；makeanefforttoattempttodo/atdoing...尝试试图做……makeanattempttodo/atdoing...尝试做……makeanattempton试图夺取atone’sfirstattempt第一次尝试inanattempttodosth.试图做某事；希望做某事TheonlytimethatweattemptedtodosomethinglikethatwasinthecityofPhiladelphia.只有在费城那次我们曾试着做那样的事。Itwasoneofhisrareattemptsathumor.那是他极不常见的想要表现幽默的一次。夯实基础(1)语法填空①Ipassedmydrivingtestatthefirstattempt.②Someonehasmadeanattemptonthepresident’slife.(2)Shellyhadpreparedcarefullyforherbiologyexaminationsothatshecouldbesureofpassingitatherfirstattempt(能够确保第一次尝试就能通过)．eq\x(makeadifference，getaround，thanksto，infavourof，have...inmon)1．Thankstoyourhelp，weweresuccessful.2．Seniorministersspokeinfavourofthebill.3．Exercisecanmakeadifferencetoyourstateofhealth.4．WhenwestayedinthecityofQingdao，Igotaroundthedowntown.5．Tomysurprise，IfoundIhadalotinmonwiththisstranger.1eq\x(have...inmon有……相同的特点)inmon共有的；共用的inmonwith和……相同havenothing/alot/little/muchmonwith和……没有/有许多/有不多的共同之处Conflictswithothersaremonineverydaylife.在日常生活中和他人发生冲突是很常见的。(2012·江苏·书面表达)Thetwocultureshavealotinmon.这两种文化有许多相同之处。夯实基础(1)用mon，ordinary，usual，normal，general填空①Thegeneralopinionisinfavorofthem.②Theaveragetemperaturethisspringisbelownormal.③MissGreencametoworkasusual.④Sheisinordinarydress.⑤Itisaflowermoninricefields.(2)翻译句子感冒对孩子来说是常见的事。Catchingacoldismontochildren.2eq\x(makeadifference区别对待；有影响；起重要作用haveaneffecton)makeany/no/little/muchdifferenceto对……有些/没有/几乎没有/有很大影响tellthedifferencebetween...and...说出……和……的不同beofno/little/much/greatdifference没有/几乎没有/有很大/有巨大作用Evenifyouhadtriedtohelpit，itwouldn’thavemadeanydifference.即使你设法帮忙了，结果也不会有什么不同。Whatyousaidjustnowmadenodifferencetohim.你刚才说的话对他没有什么影响。夯实基础翻译句子(1)他来与不来这里对我来说关系不大。Itmakesnodifferencetomewhetherheeshereornot.(2)你能区别这两个词吗？Canyoutellthedifferencebetweenthetwowords?3eq\x(havedifficultyindoingsth.做某事有困难)havetroubleindoingsth.做某事有麻烦havedifficulty/troublewithsth.……有困难/麻烦Thereissome/nodifficulty/troubleindoingsth.做……时有一些/没有困难/麻烦。dosth.with/withoutdifficulty/trouble做……有/没有困难/麻烦taketroubletodosth.费力做某事takethetroubletodosth.不怕费事/不辞辛劳地做某事CanyouimaginethedifficultyIhadinsettlingtheproblem?你能想象出解决这个问题时我遇到的困难吗？Ihavesomedifficultywiththework.我做这项工作有些困难。夯实基础(1)Youcan’timaginewhatdifficultywehadwalkinghome(我们走回家费了多少事)inthesnowstorm.(2)同义句改写Ihadnotroublefindingyourhome.①Ifoundyourhomewithouttrouble.(用without短语改写句子)②Therewasnotroubleinfindingyourhome.(用therebe句型改写句子)4eq\x(thanksto多亏；由于作状语)becauseof由于；因为dueto由于作表语、状语owingto由于作表语或状语asaresultof因为；由于作状语onaccountof因为作状语Everyoneknowsaboutitnow，thankstoyou.多亏了你，现在大家都知道了！Thankstoourteachers’encouragement，wecanmakecontinuousprogressinlife.多亏老师的鼓励，我们才能在生活中不断进步。(2012·广东·读写任务)特别提醒dueto一般不放在句首，如果放在句首，要用becauseof或owingto代替。夯实基础Thankstothewarm­heartedpolicemen(多亏了热心肠的警察们)，thecouplefoundtheirsonwhowastakentoanotherfarawaycityby5children­dealers.1．Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthatheagreedtothisplan(他同意这项计划)．2．Ilikecoffeewithcreamwhileheprefersblackcoffee(而他喜欢什么都不加的咖啡)．3．Asmallplanecrashedintoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity，killingallfourpeopleaboard(造成机上4人死亡)．4．Istudyhard，sothatIalwaysgetthefirstprize(以致于我总获得一等奖)．5．Pleasemakeamarkwhereyouhaveaquestion(你有问题的地方)．Itdoesn’tmakemuchofadifferencewhetherateacherspeaksBritishorAmericanEnglish.一个老师说英国英语还是美国英语没有多大影响。

eq\x(句型公式：whether...or...)whether...or...作“不管……还是……”讲，引导让步状语从句。除引导让步状语从句外，还可作“是……还是……”讲，引导名词性从句。Whetheritrainsornot，thestudentshavetoarriveatthemeetingontime.不管下不下雨，学生们都必须按时参加会议。Whetherornotshewillvoteforusisnotclear.她会不会投票支持我们尚不清楚。夯实基础(1)I’mgoingwhetheryoulikeitornot(不管你愿意不愿意)．(2)Anotherimportantdifferenceiswhetherschoolsarestateschoolsorprivateschools(是公立的还是私立的)．用所给词的适当形式填空(1)Becauseofclimatechange，theicethatpolarbearsdependonforsurvivalisslowlydisappearing.(slowly，disappear)(2)Thescientistspredictthatifpresenttrendscontinue，womenin400yearswillbe2cmshorterandhavehealthierhearts.(continue)(3)Bythetimeherealizeshehaswalkedintoatrap，it’llbetoolateforhimtodoanythingaboutit.(walk)(4)IhaveknownhimsinceIwasachild.(know)(5)Sofarwehavestayedherefortendays.(stay)Ⅰ.教材活用——根据课文内容完成下面的短文BritishandAmericanEnglishdiffer1.inmanyways.Thedifferenceinvocabularyismostobvious.Sometimes，thesamewordhas2.aslightlydifferentmeaning，whichcanbeconfusing.Thereareafewdifferencesingrammar，too.TheBritishuseprepositionswhereAmericanssometimesomit3.them.Theothertwoareasin4.whichthetwovarietiesdifferarespellingandpronunciation.Americanspellingseemssimpler，andmanyfactors5.haveinfluenced(influence)Americanpronunciationsincethefirstsettlersarrivedthere.Althoughtherearesomanydifferences，someexpertsbelievethatthetwovarietiesaremovingtogethermunicationsacrosstheAtlantichavedeveloped6.steadily(steady)foroveracentury.Theexpertsthinkthisnon­stopmunicationhasmadeiteasierforBritishpeopleandAmericans7.tounderstand(understand)eachother.Butithasalsoled8.tolotsofAmericanwordsandstructures9.passing(pass)intoBritishEnglish，sothatsomepeoplenowbelievethatBritishEnglishwilldisappear.Therearegoingtobemany“Englishes”withtheinternationaldimension.ButthemostimportantthingisthatusersofEnglishwillallbeabletounderstandeachother,10.wherevertheyare.Ⅱ.课外拓展——阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式Thereoncelivedamonk(和尚)calledShaninavillageinChina.Hehadearnedagreatnamefor1.himself，buthewasveryarrogant(傲慢的)．QiuJunheardof2.hisarroganceandwantedtoteachthemonkalesson.HewenttomeetShan，3.whoneithergreetedhimnoracknowledgedhispresence.Justthenaservantofthemonkcamewithamessage，“Thesonofanarmyofficerisheretosee4.you.”Themonksaid，“Iwillgoandgreethim.”Shanweledthesonofthearmyofficerwithrespect.Afterthearmyofficer’ssonhaddeparted，QiuJunaskedShanthereasonfor5.hisdouble­facedbehaviour.“Whyis6.itthatyougreetedthearmyofficer’ssonsorespectfully，yetbehavedsoarrogantlytowardsme？”ShantheMonkhadaquickreply，“Pleasedon’tget7.mewrong.Forme，greetingmeansnotgreetingandnotgreetingmeansgreeting.”QiuJununderstoodthemonk’smischiefandhit8.himhardonhisheadwithhisstick.“Accordingto9.yourlogic，beatingyoumeansnotbeatingandnotbeatingyoumeansbeating.Therefore，Ihavetogiveyouabeating，”saidQiuJun.Shanimmediatelyrealisedthefoolishnessofhisactionsandstartedshowingrespectto10.everyonehemet，irrespectiveoftheirstatus.Ⅰ.阅读理解PortRiver，SouthAustralia.Abeautifuldolphinswimsthroughthecoolwaters.Suddenly，theseacreatureturnsitselfonitsback，andpushesitsbodyupheadfirst！Thedolphinisnowbalancingonitstail！Itholdsthispositionandmoveslikethisacrossthewaterforafewseconds.Thisdolphinis“tail­walking”．Dolphintrainerslovetoteachtheirdolphinstrickslikethis.Crowdslovetowatchthem.Butthisdolphindoesnotbelongtoanyone.Itlivesfreelyinthewild！Sowhotaughtthisdolphintotail­walk?ThedolphincreatingtheinterestisnamedBillie.BillielivesofftheSouthAustraliancoast，nearAdelaide.ItwasherethatscientistsfirstsawBillietail­walking.Intheearly1980s，Billiehadabadexperience.Hegottrappedbehindabarrier，inalakenexttothesea.Billiebecamesickandwasunabletoreturntothesea.Localpeopleputhiminalargedolphintank.Thetankwasfordolphinsthatperformedforthepublic.Billielivedinthetankwithotherdolphinsforseveralweeks.Duringthistime，hesawthelifeoftheotherdolphins.Hesawthemreceivefoodforperformingtricks—suchastail­walking.AfterBilliereturnedtothesea，scientistssawhimtail­walking.Butevenmoreamazing—someotherdolphinsintheareaalsobegantail­walking！ScientistsbelievethatBilliemusthavelearnedthebehaviorfromwatchinginthetank.ThenBilliemayhave“taught”thetail­walkingtricktotheotherdolphins.Ifthisisthecase，itwouldmeanthatBilliehasdemonstrated“culturalbehavior”．Culturalbehaviorislearnedbehavioringroups.Itismonamonghumans.But，itismuchrareramonganimals！However，todayscientificreportsshowthatparticularanimalsdoperformculturalbehavior.Onesuchanimalisthechimpanzee(黑猩猩)．AndnowBillieismakingscientistsinvestigateculturalbehavioramongdolphins.1．Howdoestheauthorstartthepassage?A．Byaskingquestions.B．Bylistingfacts.C．Bydescribingafunnyscene.D．Byexplainingascientificterm.答案C解析推理判断题。作者在文章第一段描绘了一只海豚“摆尾式行走”的奇特景观，由此展开了说明，故C项正确。2．PeopleputBillieinatankto.A．helphimrecoverB．lethimlearntoperformC．lethimstaywithotherdolphinsD．trainittoentertainpeople答案A解析细节理解题。根据第四段第三、四句可知，当地人把海豚放在一个大池子中，目的是让它恢复健康，故选A项。3．Billielearnedtail­walkingfrom.A．itstrainersB．otherdolphinsintheseaC．otherdolphinsinthetankD．peoplewhofedit答案C解析细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句可知，通过观察池子里的其他海豚表演“摆尾式行走”，Billie学会了这种技能，故C项符合文意。4．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Tail­walkingperformedbydolphins.B．Thenecessitytoprotectdolphins.C．Thestudyonanimals’behavior.D．Culturalbehavioramonganimalgroups.答案D解析主旨大意题。综合分析全文可知，作者是以海豚Billie的例子引出文章的中心话题：动物群体中的文化行为。Ⅱ.完形填空IlivedinDallas，Texasnearlyallmylifewithmymom，dadandoldersister.Wewere1torespectothers，valueeducation，andgetallthatwecouldoutoflife.Myparentsalwayssay，“2hardandtheworldisyours.”Theyareneverwithouta3wordofadviceorabitofencouragementwhenlifegetstough.Myparentsalways4metogotocollege.However，whenI5at16yearsoldthatI’drathergetmarriedtoamanthangotocollege，they6stoppedtellingmetheylovedmeandIcoulddoanythingIwantedto.7，theypersuadedme.Igraduatedfromhighschoolandcurrently8theUniversityofOklahomastudyingmedicine.Iwanttomakethe9abetterEverytimeIcallhometotellthemabouta10IreceivedinChemistryLaborMicroeconomicsorwhichever11itisthatI’mworkinghardestforatthemoment，theytellmehow12ofmetheyare.Iknowtherearecollegekidsouttherethathavenoonetocallhomewhentheygetan“A”onaprojectandIfeelincredibly13tohavemyparents.Don’tgetmewrong：We’vehadourshareof14.Iwastheangryteenagerandtheyweretheawful15thatwouldn’tletmestayoutallnightorletmegetmytonguepierced(扎洞)．Butsomehow，we16toworkthroughthoseissues.Theynever17lovingmeorbelievinginme.I18everythingIamtomyparents.Withouttheir19loveandencouragement，Iwouldn’tbelieveIcanchangetheworld.Myparentstaughtmetoalways20forwhatIbelievein.SoI’mworkingtowardsomethingreallygreatandcanonlyhopeIcontinuetomakethemproud.1．A.brought B．introducedC．raised D．ordered答案C解析根据第一句的介绍可知，作者和父母还有姐姐一直住在一起，应是被培养成(raised)要尊敬他人的人。2．A.EducateB．WorkC．TrainD．Practise答案B解析根据下文作者的亲身经历可知，应是父母告诉努力学习，世界就会是你的。work符合语境。3．A.basicB．brilliantC．popularD．meaningful答案D解析根据abitofencouragement和下文父母对孩子所作决定的建议可知，他们的建议应是有意义的(meaningful)。4．A.remindedB．expectedC．supposedD．chose答案B解析根据下文可知，父母期望作者上大学。expect期望，期待，符合语境。5．A.arrangedB．judgedC．wishedD．decided答案D解析however一词提示作者和父母的想法相反，结合上文可知，作者决定要结婚而不是上大学。6．A.neverB．everC．seldomD．hardly答案A解析根据上一段最后一句“Theyareneverwithoutawordofadviceorabitofencouragementwhenlifegetstough.”和下文中的“...theypersuadedme.”可知，他们应是从没有(never)停止向作者表达关爱。7．A.Carefully B．HopefullyC．Thankfully D．Delightfully答案C解析根据下文，作者理解了父母的建议是正确的，因此作者谢谢父母劝解了她。8．A.serveB．attendC．visitD．join答案B解析根据上下文可知，作者上了大学。attend符合语境。9．A.fortuneB．houseC．universeD．world答案D解析根据第一段第三句中的“‘hardandtheworldisyours.’”可知答案。10．A.gradeB．presentC．failureD．value答案A解析根据下文“...whentheygetan‘A’onaproject...”可知，作者在化学实验或微观经济学上取得的成绩。11．A.jobB．itemC．classD．task答案C解析根据上文提到的Microeconomics可知，这里指作者努力学习的学科。12．A.fondB．proudC．sureD．nervous答案B解析作者把取得好的成绩的消息告诉父母时，父母应为她感到骄傲。13．A.satisfied B．encouragedC．relaxed D．blessed答案D解析根据上文可知，作者因为拥有这样的父母感到幸福。blessed幸运的，快乐的，符合语境。14．A.lessons B．problemsC．moments D．experiences答案B解析根据“Don’tgetmewrong...”可知，此处应是和上文与父母和睦相处形成对比，说明作者和父母之间也有问题。15．A.teachers B．directorsC．couple D．staff答案C解析相对于