托福分类词汇

政治经济类subsistence政治经济类subsistence生存subsistencewave收支平衡的薪水subsistencelevel姑且能生活的水平kinship亲戚亲属commodity商品check支票withdraw取钱theGreatDepression经济大萧条consumerism消费主义bankloan贷款interest利息affluence丰富的富裕的sophisticated复杂的精密的老谋深算的cabin小破屋merchant商人merchandise商品货物mercantile商业的mercy宽容仁慈original原版copy/reproduction/replica复制品genuine真的fake假的gallery画廊autograph自传Panorama全景画calligraphy书法paste裱bust半身像animator漫画家Finearts美术oilpainting油画watercolor水粉tempera蛋彩画sketch素描pastel粉笔画poster海报muralpainting/fresco壁画engraving雕刻lithograph石画石刻landscapepainting风景画stilllife静物portrait肖像caricature（讽刺）漫画pigment颜料色素canvas画布帆布brush刷子drawingboard画板perspective透视法Music音乐类musicalinstrument乐器orchestra管弦乐队violin小提琴viola中提琴cello大提琴harp竖琴horn号角clarinet单簧管oboe双簧管keyboardinstrument键盘乐器percussion打击乐vocalmusic声乐音乐类型concerto协奏曲sonata奏鸣曲serenade小夜曲solo独奏duet二重唱lullaby催眠曲hillbillymusic乡村音乐folkmusic民间音乐popmusic流行乐classicalmusic古典音乐jazz爵士symphony交响乐rockandroll摇滚bandmusic乐队音乐string和弦音乐元素note音符score乐谱movement乐章quality音质volume音量chord和弦harmony和声rest休止符time节拍prelude前奏epilogue尾声Literature文学类literacy文学narrativeprose叙述性散文descriptiveprose描绘性散文editorial编辑的poetry诗歌ballad歌谣allegory寓言proverb格言谚语leadingcharacter主角mainplot主要情节prologue序幕epilogue尾声literarycriticism批判文学literarystudies文学研究schoolsofliterature校园文学comparativeliterature比较文学realism现实主义surrealism超现实主义modernism现实主义aestheticism完美主义Architecture建筑学architect建筑师constructv.建立wing厢房elevator电梯skyscraper摩天大厦designelement设计元素logstructure原木结构technique技术newmaterial新材料原材料metal-frame金属框架mainframe主机repairperson维修工planetarium天文馆aquarium水族馆beam横梁prototype原型archives档案cathedral大教堂mosque清真寺thestatueofliberty自由女神像thetriumphalarch凯旋门sphinx狮身人面像pyramid金字塔castle城堡Linguistics语言学dialect方言intonation语调syllable语音abridge删减消除synopsis梗概Humanities人文学artist艺术家imagist意象派诗人choreographer舞蹈指导critic批判家satirist讽刺学家sculptor/engraver雕刻家feminist女权主义者humanitarian人权主义者philanthropist慈善家precursor先驱proprietor拥有者占有者业主所有人mortal凡人俗人immortal不朽的；神figurehead名义领袖disciple/apprentice学徒徒弟mechanic手工的技工minimalist简约主义者avant-garde前卫的先锋（艺术界）territory领土genre风俗画eccentric古怪的odd古怪的erratic古怪的weird古怪的romantic浪漫的innocent无罪的无辜的sentimental感伤的多愁的cheerless/listless倦怠的无精打采的lovelorn失恋的相思病苦的patriarchal长辈的家长的家族的rigid严格的spare备用的备用品clumsy笨拙的zigzag锯齿形的acclaimed受欢迎的versatile多才多艺的household家喻户晓的genuine真诚的authentic原汁原味的symbolic象征的prodigious巨大的nostalgia乡愁Archaeology考古学ruins废墟remainsArchaeology考古学ruins废墟remains废墟残骸relic遗址culturerelic名胜古迹vestige痕迹excavation挖掘exhume挖掘unearth挖掘antique古董artifact史前古器人工制品skull/cranial头盖骨/颅骨的fossil化石rockpainting石画primitive原始的archaic过时的primordial最初的medieval中世纪的chronological年纪表Neolithic新时期时代Mesolithic中石器时代stoneage石器时代bronzeage青铜时代ironage铁器时代ancientcivilization古代文明Anthropology人类学anthropoid类人猿的hominid人类的stereotype原型perception觉察exotic有异域风情的inexplicable难懂的taboo禁忌stratification分层化tribe部落clan宗教ethnic文明的ethnology文学minority少数的hybrid杂交aboriginal土著的ancestor祖先forerunner先驱先行者预兆征兆predecessor前辈前任precursor先驱antecedent祖先shower阵雨hail冰雹thunder雷drizzle毛毛细雨blizzard/snowstorm暴雪avalanche/snowslide雪崩precipitation降水量breeze微风sandstorm沙尘暴monsoon季风Meteorology气象学gale强风whirlwind龙卷风typhoon台风meteorology气象学meteorologist气象学家meteorologicalstation气象站forecast/predict预测预报climate气候atmosphere大气层troposphere对流层stratosphere平流层mesosphere中间层ionosphere电离层coldfront冷锋warmairmass暖气团current水流电流气流moisture潮湿湿度spelln.一段时间vapor水蒸气evaporate蒸发hurricane飓风tornado/twister/cyclone龙卷风windscale风级tsunami/seismicseawave海啸tidalwave潮汐upperatmosphere上层大气funnel漏斗云disaster/calamity灾难devastation破坏submerge吞没drought干旱convection对流windvelocity风速winddirection风向long-rangeforecast长期预报numericalweatherprediction数值天气预报nephanalysis云层分析damp/moist/humid潮湿的humidity湿度saturate渗透饱和dew露珠frost霜fog/mist雾smog烟雾droplet小水滴condense凝结压缩condensation凝结压缩crystal冰晶水晶晶体sheet层downpour大雨tempest（storm）/torrentialrain暴雨Astronomy天文学Venus金星Mars火星Jupiter木星Mercury水星Saturn土星Uranus天王星Neptune海王星Pluto冥王星Topography地形学Topography地形学plateau/highland高原cordillera/ranges山脉peak高峰plain平原lowland洼地basin盆地oasis绿洲enclave飞地carven/cave山洞terrain地形coastland海岸coastline海岸线watershed分水岭meadow草原valley峡谷swamp沼泽湿地dune沙丘massif山丘cliff悬崖峭壁tundra苔原lichen苔藓crevice裂缝elevation高度terrestrial地形的Geology地质学continentalcrust大陆地壳oceaniccrust海洋地壳stratum地层stratigraphy地层学fault断层crumble断裂faultplane断裂面faultzone断层带actingvolcano活火山extinctvolcano死火山dormantvolcano休眠火山gases/ashes/cinders火山灰lava岩浆（内部）magma岩浆（外部）crater火山口dike岩沟vent通道sill基石olderlayers旧岩层erupt爆发volcanicash/dust火山灰igneousrock火成岩sedimentaryrock沉积岩metamorphicrock变质岩limestone石灰岩granite花岗岩marble大理石quartz石英mineral矿物ore矿石deposit河床lead铅uranium铀zircon错石obsidian黑曜石cementn./v.水泥；粘合cataclysm/catastrophe灾变tsunami/tidal/force海啸undersealandside海底山崩meltglobalwarming全球气候变暖glacial冰川的glacier冰川glacialepoch/age/period冰川期glacialdrift/moraines冰渍iceberg冰山aquifer蓄水层debris残骸debut首次出演crumpleszone地质缓冲带火山shieldvolcano遁形火山cone/steep-sidedvolcano锥形火山

Seismology地震学petal花瓣pollen花粉pollinate传授花粉seism地震nectar花蜜seismic地震的column柱头花柱earthquake/quake/tremor地震trunk树干seismicintensityscale震裂度bark树皮magnitude震级bough（粗的）树枝seismicwave地震波twig嫩芽transversewave横波shoot/sprout抽芽发芽longitudinalwave纵波leaflet小树叶epicenter震中foliage树叶（总称）epicentraldistance震中距root树根aftershock余震canopy树冠stern茎stalk叶柄Geography地理学Biology生物学hemisphere半球meridian子午线经线longitude经线据地点latitude纬线aquaticlife水生生物equator赤道amphibian两栖动物tropics热带地区reptile爬行动物temperaturelatitudes温带地区rodenl啮齿动物tundra苔原冻土地区ruminant反刍动物Arctic/thenorthpole北极primate灵长类动物Antarctic/Antarctica/thesouthpole南极mammal哺乳动物theAntarcticContinent南极洲theAntarcticCircle南极圈据食物theArcticCircle北极圈herbivore食草动物tropicsofCapricorn南回归线carnivore食肉动物tropicsofCancer北回归线omnivore杂食动物aurora极光scavenger食腐动物internationaldateline国际日期变更线timedifference时差据体温timezone时区cold-bloodedanimal冷血动物warm-bloodedanimal热血动物homotherm恒温动物Botany植物学poikilotherm变温动物据骨骼blossom花vertebrate脊椎动物chameleonchameleon变色龙crocodile/Cayman鳄鱼centipede螟蚣robin知更鸟owl猫头鹰penguin企鹅vulture秃鹰crane鹤red-crownedcrane丹顶鹤stork鹳mantis螳螂cicada蝉cockroach蟑螂earthworm蚯蚓动物行为camouflage掩饰伪装hibernate冬眠蛰伏regeneration再生prey捕捉predatory食肉的predator捕食者nomadic游牧的流浪的niche小生态系统fertilizer使受精multiply/reproduce繁殖spawn（鱼、虾、蛙等）孵卵appetite食欲胃口metabolism新陈代谢respiratorysystem呼吸系统digestivesystem消化系统excretorysystem排泄系统circulatorysystem循环系统reproductivesystem生殖系统hormonalsystem内分泌系统人体构造esophagus食管stomach胃smallintestine小肠largerintestine大肠digestivegland消化腺salivarygland唾液腺liver肝invertebrate无脊椎动物mollusk软体动物plankton浮游生物protozoa原生生物coelenterate腔肠生物Zoology动物学Darwinism达尔文主义naturalselection自然选择antenna触须tentacle（动物）触须触角（植物）腺毛hide兽皮spine脊骨fuzzy有绒毛的模糊的alpaca羊驼zebra斑马turtle海龟coral珊瑚seajelly/jellyfish水母seaanemones海葵seacucumber海参squirrel松鼠marten貂鼠貂皮bat蝙蝠moose麋elk麋鹿reindeer驯鹿giraffe长颈鹿beaver海狸gorilla大猩猩chimpanzee黑猩猩baboon狒狒rhinoceros犀牛hippo河马sloth树懒slothful懒惰的mammoth猛犸tadpole蝌蚪salamander蝾螈lizard蜥蜴scorpion蝎子gallbladdergallbladder胆gall胆汁pancreas胰微生物类bacteria细菌fungus真菌fungi真菌蘑菇microbe/microorganism细菌微生物virus病毒yeast酵母菌toxin毒素infection传染disfection杀菌消毒sterilization杀菌antibody抗体fermentation发酵paleontology古生物学parasitology寄生虫学genetics基因学ornithology鸟类学entomology昆虫学originofspecies物种起源学说survivalofthefittest适者生存mutationofspecies物种突变prenatalcare产后护理habitat栖息地inhabit栖息数值词汇大colossal巨大的异常的prodigious巨大的异常的massive大量的enormous庞大的mighty有力的tremendous极大的immense巨大的广大的gigantic巨大的庞大的vast广阔的大量的magnitude大小titanicmammoth庞大的巨大的monstrous巨大的小minute微小的diminutive小型的微小的miniature微型的小规模的petite娇小的trivial琐碎的insignificant无关紧要的infinitesimal极小的minuscule极小的trifling微不足道的negligible微不足道的多excessive过多的numerous许多的massive大量的plentiful丰富的plenteous丰富的abundant充裕的copious丰富的miscellaneous多才多艺的ample丰富的profuse丰富的lavish浪费的teeming丰富的prolific多产的plethora剩余multitude大量affluent富裕的少scarce缺乏的不足的scarcityn.不足缺乏tiny微小的scant不足的sparse稀疏的inadequate不充分的deficient不足的undersupplied供给不足rareness稀薄dearth缺乏subtraction减少narrow狭窄的restrict限制状态们shrink缩水decline降低（数量上）deduct减去扣除物理状态缺乏concave凹面的convex凸面的devoid缺乏的stuffy闷热的forfeit丧失tilted倾斜的insufficient不足的pitch曰高倾斜度meager贫乏的slant倾斜斜坡needy贫穷的protrude突起scanty缺乏的稀有的rotate旋转scarce缺乏的不足的spin旋转stingy吝啬的小气的tower高耸destitute缺乏的贫困的dangle悬浮impoverish使贫穷encompass包围包含deficient不足的有缺陷的•hump隆起project投影突出deprived使丧失剥夺状态变化熟词僻意abate减少accumulate积累blockn./vt.街区；阻塞descent下降considerablea.可考虑的数量可观的大量的ascent上升consequentlyad.因止匕从而hike延伸collectivea.集体的共同的enhance提高contentn./a,目录；满意的hoist升起coursen.课程进程过程一道菜stretch伸展Inthecourseof...在...过程中deform变形collectivelyad.共同地全体地transform变形creditn./v.名誉学分信用；把...归给duev.到期截止缩减evena.偶数的平均的constrictv,收缩expressn.快车contract收缩fashionn./vt.方式；把...塑造成curtail缩减faultn.断层detract减损降低lotn.场地diminish降低减少parkinglot停车场dwindle降低减少givena.假定的假设的reduce减少grainn.少量谷物hiden.兽皮industryn.勤奋工厂issuen./vt.报纸的一期；发行minutea.微小的mountn./vt山峰；增加scalen./vt.鱼鳞比例规模；攀登resumen.简历recipen.菜单rarea.稀有的罕见的（肉类）半熟的regionn.云层rearn./v.后部臀部；养育喂养rangen./v.山脉；在...范围内浮动saveprep.除...之夕卜novela.新颖的mightn.力量能量mightya.强有力的巨大的mammothn./a.巨大的stilladv./v./n.仍然（使）静止安静pressn.出版社pitvt./n.竞争；深坑passagen.通道走廊respectivea.分别的各自的screenn./vt.屏幕审查tracevt./n.追溯探索描摹；痕迹微量foldvt./n.合拢褶皱词缀们A-取反Ab-取反Anti-取反Auto-自动Bene-well,good,好Bi-双Cata-down向下Circum-around周围Contra-反对De-not否定；down向下Deca-十Demi-半di-双两dia-between在...之间；diagondis-apart分散；away远离；not否定en-使进入往外ex-out彳主夕卜fore-before在之前hecto-百homo-人hyper-超越hypo-向下mal-badly坏的meta-after在...之后micro-small小的mono-alone,single单独的个体的multi-many多para-against反对