21世纪英语读写译b4-u01-a幻灯片课件

21世纪英语读写译。b4-u01-a幻灯片

Pre-ReadingActivities

TextA:LanguagePoints

Exercises

AssignmentUnit1:PartAPre-readingActivityBeforelistentotherecording,haveaquicklookatthefollowingwords.Thenlistentotherecordingagainandanswerthefollowingquestions.genetics: 遗传学psychiatry:

精神病学persistent: 坚持不懈的Pre-readingActivity1. WhatquestiondidprofessorSimonton’sresearchproject seektoanswer?Itsoughttofindoutwhatmakesagreatpersondifferentfromotherpeople.Pre-readingActivity2. Whatthreepersonalitytraitsofgreatpeoplearementioned?a)a“nevergiveup”attitudeb)intelligenceisn’teverythingc)aloveofone’sworkPre-readingActivity3. Whatnegativetraitof“great”peopleismentioned?Itsoughttofindoutwhatmakesagreatpersondifferentfromotherpeople.Pre-readingActivity4. DoesprofessorSimontonbelievethatgreatpeoplearemore oftenmentallyillthanotherpeople?No.hefoundthebeliefunfound.ScriptPre-readingActivityWhatdefinesgreatness?Whatmakesonepersongodownthehistorywhileanotherisforgotten?Aretheartists,scientists,andpoliticalleaderswecall“great”reallydifferentfromyouandme?PsychologistRichardSimontondecidedtoexplorethesequestionsbycombininghistoricalknowledgeaboutgreatfigureswithrecentfindingsingenetics,psychiatry,andthesocialsciences.Thoughitisacomplexquestion,ProfessorSimontonwasabletoidentifythreequalitieswhichgreatpeopleseemtoshare.Thefirstisa“nevergiveup”attitude.Beingpersistentevenwhenotherswouldquitseemstobecrucialtoachievinggreatness.OneexampleisWinstonChurchill,whotookoverleadershipofBritaininthedarkestdaysofWorldWarII.Churchillinspiredthenationwithaspeechinsisting,“Weshallneversurrender”andthenledBritainontovictory.Simontonalsofoundthatintelligenceisn’teverything.Manypoliticalandmilitaryleadershavebeenbright,butnotoverlyso.Beyondacertainpoint,otherfactors,suchastheabilitytocommunicateeffectively,becomemoreimportantthansheerintelligence.Ofcourse,manygreatscientistsdohavegenius-levelIQs,buteventhere,theabilitytothinkinnon-traditionalwaysmaybejustasimportant.Finally,greatpeoplelovetheirwork.Noonebecomesgreatbyfocusingonearningmoneyoronpleasingothers.Rather,pursuingsubjectsfortheloveofdoingsoseemstoleadtolastingaccomplishment.Somepeoplewonderiftheremaybeapricetopayforgreatness.Indeed,ProfessorSimontonfoundthatmanygreatfigureshavehadpoorpersonalrelationships.Thismaybebecausetheirstrongdrivetoachieveleaveswithlittleenergytodevotetothosearoundthem.However,hefoundthepopularbeliefthatgreatpeopleareoftenmentallyilltobeunfounded.Sodaretobegreat.Historywillbeyouronlyjudge.LanguagePointsTextA:WhoIsGreat?LanguagePointsWhoIsGreat?1 Asayoungboy,AlbertEinsteindidsopoorlyinschoolthatteachersthoughthewasslow.TheyoungNapoleonBonapartewasjustoneofhundredsofartillerylieutenantsintheFrenchArmy.AndtheteenageGeorgeWashington,withlittleformaleducation,wasbeingtrainednotasasoldierbutasalandsurveyor.2 Despitetheirunspectacularbeginnings,eachwouldgoontocarveaplaceforhimselfinhistory.Whatwasitthatenabledthemtobecomegreat?Weretheybornwithsomethingspecial?Ordidtheirgreatnesshavemoretodowithtiming,devotionand,perhaps,anuncompromisingpersonality?3

Fordecades,scientistshavebeenaskingsuchquestions.And,inthepastfewyears,theyhavefoundevidencetohelpexplainwhysomepeopleriseabove,whileothers—similarlytalented,perhaps—areleftbehind.Theirfindingscouldhaveimplicationsforusall.LanguagePoints4

Whoisgreat?Definingwhoisgreatdependsonhowonemeasuressuccess.Buttherearesomecriteria.“Someonewhohasmadealastingcontributiontohumancivilizationisgreat,”saidDeanKeithSimonton,aprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavisandauthorofthe1994bookGreatness:WhoMakesHistoryandWhy.Butheaddedawordofcaution:“Sometimesgreatpeopledon’tmakeitintohistorybooks.Alotofwomenachievedgreatthingsorwereinfluentialbutwentunrecognized.”LanguagePoints5 Inwritinghisbook,Simontoncombinedhistoricalknowledgeaboutgreatfigureswithrecentfindingsingenetics,psychiatryandthesocialsciences.ThegreatfigureshefocusedonincludemenandwomenwhohavewonNobelPrizes,ledgreatnationsorwonwars,composedsymphoniesthathaveenduredforcenturies,orrevolutionizedscience,philosophy,politicsorthearts.Thoughhedoesn’thaveaformulatodefinehoworwhycertainpeopleriseabove(toomanyfactorsareinvolved),hehascomeupwithafewcommoncharacteristics.LanguagePoints6 A“neversurrender”attitude.Ifgreatachieversshareanything,saidSimonton,itisanunrelentingdrivetosucceed.“There’satendencytothinkthattheyareendowedwithsomethingsuper-normal,”heexplained.“Butwhatcomesoutoftheresearchisthattherearegreatpeoplewhohavenoamazingintellectualprocesses.It’sadifferenceindegree.Greatnessisbuiltupontremendousamountsofstudy,practiceanddevotion.”LanguagePoints7 HecitedWinstonChurchill,Britain’sprimeministerduringWorldWarII,asanexampleofarisk-takerwhowouldnevergiveup.Thrustintoofficewhenhiscountry’smoralewasatitslowest,ChurchillrosebrilliantlytoleadtheBritishpeople.InaspeechfollowingtheAlliedevacuationatDunkirkin1940,heinspiredthenationwhenhesaid,“Weshallnotflagorfail.Weshallgoontotheend...Weshallneversurrender.”LanguagePoints8

Canyoubeborngreat?InlookingatChurchill’sroleinhistory—aswellastherolesofotherpoliticalandmilitaryleaders—Simontondiscoveredastrikingpattern:“Firstbornsandonlychildrentendtomakegoodleadersintimeofcrisis:They’reusedtotakingcharge.Butmiddle-bornsarebetteraspeacetimeleaders:Theylistentodifferentinterestgroupsbetterandmakethenecessarycompromises.Churchill,anonlychild,wastypical.Hewasgreatinacrisis,butinpeacetimehewasnoteffective—notevenpopular.”LanguagePoints9

Timingisanotherfactor.“IfyoutookGeorgeWashingtonandputhiminthe20thcenturyhewouldgonowhereasapolitician,”Simontondeclared.“Hewasnotaneffectivepublicspeaker,andhedidn’tlikeshakinghandswiththepublic.Ontheotherhand,I’mnotsureFranklinRooseveltwouldhavedonewellinWashington’stime.Hewouldn’thavehadtheradiotodohisfiresidechats.”LanguagePoints10

Canyoubetoosmart?OnesurpriseamongSimonton’sfindingsisthatmanypoliticalandmilitaryleadershavebeenbrightbutnotoverlyso.Beyondacertainpoint,heexplained,otherfactors,liketheabilitytocommunicateeffectively,becomemoreimportantthaninnateintelligenceasmeasuredbyanIQtest.ThemostintelligentU.S.Presidents,forexample—ThomasJefferson,WoodrowWilsonandJohnF.Kennedy—hadahardtimegettingelected,Simontonsaid,whileotherswithIQsclosertotheaverage(suchasWarrenG.Harding)wonbylandslides.Whilepoliticalandeconomicfactorsalsoareinvolved,havingageniusIQisnotnecessarytobeagreatleader.LanguagePoints11

Inthesciences,thosewith“geniuslevel”IQsdohaveabetterchanceatachievingrecognition,addedSimonton.Yetevidencealsoindicatesthatovercomingtraditionalwaysofthinkingmaybejustasimportant.12 Hepointedtoonerecentstudywherecollegestudentsweregivenasetofdataandwereaskedtoseeiftheycouldcomeupwithamathematicalrelation.Almostathirddid.Whattheydidnotknowwasthattheyhadjustsolvedoneofthemostfamousscientificequationsinhistory:theThirdLawofPlanetaryMotion,anequationthatJohannesKeplercameupwithin1618.LanguagePointsLanguagePoints13

Kepler’sgenius,Simontonsaid,wasnotsomuchinsolvingamathematicalchallenge.Itwasinthinkingaboutthenumbersinauniqueway—applyinghismathematicalknowledgetohisobservationsofplanetarymotion.Itwashisboldnessthatsethimapart.

14

Loveyourwork.Asachild,Einsteinbecamefascinatedwiththewaymagnetsaredrawntometal.“Hecouldn’tstopthinkingaboutthisstuff,”Simontonpointedout.“Hebecameobsessedwithproblemsinphysicsbythetimehewas16,andheneverstoppedworkingonthem.It’snotsurprisingthathemademajorcontributionsbythetimehewas26.”15

“Formostofus,it’snotthatwedon’thavetheability,”Simontonadded,“it’sthatwedon’tdevotethetime.Youhavetoputintheeffortandputupwithallthefrustrationsandobstacles.”16 Likeothercreativegeniuses,Einsteinwasnotmotivatedbyadesireforfame,saidSimonton.Instead,hisobsessionwithhisworkwaswhatsethimapart.17 Wheresuchdrivecomesfromremainsamystery.Butitisfoundinnearlyallcreativegeniuses—whetherornottheirgeniusisacknowledgedbycontemporaries.LanguagePoints18

“EmilyDickinsonwasnotrecognizedforherpoetryuntilafterherdeath,”saidSimonton.“Butshewasnotwritingforfame.Thesamecanbesaidof

JamesJoyce,whodidn’tspendalotoftimeworryingabouthowmanypeoplewouldreadFinnegansWake.”LanguagePoints19

Today,researchershaveevidencethatanintrinsicpassionforone’sworkisakeytorisingabove.Ina1985studyatBrandeisUniversityconductedbyTeresaAmabile,nowaprofessorofbusinessadministrationatHarvardUniversity,agroupofprofessionalwriters—nonefamous—wereaskedtowriteashortpoem.Eachwriterwasthenrandomlyplacedinoneofthreegroups:Onegroupwasaskedtokeepinmindtheideaofwritingformoney;anotherwastoldtothinkaboutwritingjustforpleasure;andathirdgroupwasgivennoinstructionatall.

LanguagePoints20

Thepoemsthenweresubmittedanonymouslytoapanelofprofessionalwritersforevaluation.Thepoetrywrittenbypeoplewhothoughtaboutwritingformoneyrankedlowest.Thosewhothoughtaboutwritingjustforpleasuredidthebest.“Motivationthatcomesfromenjoyingtheworkmakesasignificantdifference,”Amabilesaid.LanguagePointsText-relatedinformationText-relatedinformationNapoleonBonaparte(1769-1821)NapoleonBonaparte,EmperoroftheFrenchfrom1804to1814,isknowninhistoryasNapoleonI.In1804-1805,aEuropeancoalitionwasformedagainstNapoleon.ThedefeatatthebattleofWaterlooin1815endedhisrule.HespenttherestofhislifeinexileonSt.Helena.carve1.formsth.bycuttingawaymaterialfromwoodor stone2.buildone’s(career,reputation,etc.)byhardworkExamples:• Thepotwascarvedoutofasinglepieceofstone.• Thenewairlinehopestocarve(out)aplaceforitselfintheEuropeanmarket.riseabove—becomesuccessfuloroutstandingExamples:• Justinroseabove

anddidwellinhisclasses.• Awomanwhocanriseabove(suchdifficulties)isobviouslyexceptional.Text-relatedinformationText-relatedinformationKeithSimontonDr.KeithSimontonisprofessorofPsychologyattheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavis.HeisontheeditorialboardoftheCreativityResearchJournal,LeadershipQuarterly,ReviewofGeneralPsychology,JournalofCreativeBehavior,etc.TranslationSometimesgreatpeopledon’tmakeitintohistorybooks.Alotofwomenachievedgreatthingsorwereinfluentialbutwentunrecognized.Translatethesentence: ?Key:有时候伟人并没有被载入史册。许多女性取得了巨大成就，或者颇具影响力，但却没有得到承认。greatfigures—greatpeopleExamples:• Hewasagreatfigureintheindependentstruggle.• Heisagreatfigureintheanti-Japanesewar.revolutionize—vt.completelychangeExamples:• Newton’sdiscoveriesrevolutionizedphysics.• Thesetime-savingtechniquescouldrevolutionizeyourlife.beendowedwith—naturallyhaveagoodquality,ability,feature,etc.Examples:• Sheisendowedwithintelligenceaswellasbeauty.• Theplaceisgenerallyendowedwithprehistoricsites.comeoutof—resultform;beproducedExamples:• Whatcameoutofyourlongtalkswiththedirector?• Thesystemhascomeoutofartificialintelligenceresearch.Text-relatedinformationText-relatedinformationTheAlliedevacuationatDunkirkDunkirkisanimportantcommercialseaport,whichwasoneofthegreatactionsofWorldWarII.FromMay29toJune4,smallvolunteercraftcrossedthechannelandevacuated360,000,orthreequarters,oftheAlliedforcesinthefaceofaterribleartillerybombardment.TranslationWeshallnotflagorfail.Weshallgoontotheend...Weshallneversurrender.Translatethesentence: ?Key:我们不会衰退、失败。我们将坚持到底……我们永远不会屈服。Moretolearnflagandfail

—isanexampleofalliteration,theuseoftwoormorewordsclosetogetherwhichallbeginwiththesameletterorsoundtocreateamusicalrhythmtothespeech.Examples:• Timeandtidewaitfornoman.• Roundtheruggedrockstheraggedrascalran.astrikingpattern—aremarkableandrascalruleExamples:• behaviorpattern• thepatternoffamilylifehasbeenchangingoverrecentyears.pattern—wayinwhichsomethinghappens,movesordevelopshewouldgonowhereasapolitician—hewouldnotmakeasuccessfulpoliticianExamples:• He’llgonowherewithher;sheistooyoung.• I’mtryingtopersuadehertocomebutI’mgettingnowhere.Ifyousaythatyouarenowhere,thatyouaregoingorgettingnowhere,orthatsomethingisgettingyounowhere,youmeanthatallyoureffortsarenotsuccessfulTranslationBeyondacertainpoint,heexplained,otherfactors,liketheabilitytocommunicateeffectively,becomemoreimportantthaninnateintelligenceasmeasuredbyanIQtest.Translatethesentence: ?Key:他解释说，超过了某一阶段，其他因素，如有效沟通的能力等，便变得比通过智商测试得的先天智力更为重要了。Text-relatedinformationText-relatedinformationWoodrowWilson(1856-1924)WoodrowWilsonwastwenty-eighthPresidentoftheUSA(1913-1921).Heenteredanacademiccareerin1883andwasappointedpresidentofPrincetonUniversityin1902.WilsonbecameasuccessfulreformgovernorandearnedareputationthathelpedgivehimtheDemocraticnominationforthePresidencyin1912.TranslationYetevidencealsoindicatesthatovercomingtraditionalwaysofthinkingmaybejustasimportant.Translatethesentence: ?Key:然而，证据也表明克服传统是思维方式也许同样重要。set…apart—make…differentfromorsuperiortoothersExamples:• Hisexceptionalheightsethimapartfromtherestoftheman.

• Theattributessethumansapartfromeventhemostintelligentmachines.obsessed— unabletothinkaboutsomething;toointerestedinor veryworriedaboutsomethingExamples:• Thegovernmentseemsobsessedbytheneedforsecrecy.

• They’rebothobsessedwiththefearofgettingAIDS.putin—useorspend(effort,time,etc.)Examples:• You’veobviouslyputalotofworkinyourgarden.• IfIputinsomeextrahourstoday,Icanhavetimeofftomorrow.putupwith—tolerateorbear;bewillingtoaccept(sth.unpleasant ornotdesirable.)Examples:• He’sfindingitdifficulttoputupwiththepain.

• Theyhavealottoputupwith.Text-relatedinformationText-relatedinformationEmilyDickinson(1830-1886)EmilyDickinson,aNewEnglandspinsterwhoseworkwasunknowninherlifetime,wasoneofAmerican’sFinestpoets.Herthreevolumepoem,PoemsofEmilyDickinson,arebriefandcondensed,characterizedbyunusualrhymingandswiftflashesofinsight.ThecollectionLetterofEmilyDickinsonwaspublishedin1958.sayof—expressanopinionaboutExamples:• Peoplesayofhimthathe’sover100.

• It’softensaidoftheislandthatitislikeajewelsetinthesea.TranslationToday,researchershaveevidencethatanintrinsicpassionforone’sworkisakeytorisingabove.Translatethesentence ?Key:如今，研究者们有证据证明，对自己工作的一种内在的热情是出类拔萃的一个关键所在。apanelofprofessionalwriter—asmallgroupofprofessionalwriters.Examples:• Thecompetitionwillbejudgedbyapanelofexperts.

• Doesthepanelthinkthattheproposedsaleofthesenationalizedindustriesisbeneficialtothecountry?apanelisasmallgroupofpeoplewhoarechosen,forexample,todiscussorgivetheiropinionsonaparticularsubjectinpublic,ortohearevidenceandmakeadecisionText-relatedinformationText-relatedinformationJamesJoyce(1882-1941)JamesJoyce,anIrishnovelistandpoet,waseducatedataJesuitboardingschoolandUniversityCollege,Dublin.Hismasterpiece,Ulysses(1922),employsavarietyoftechniques,andrangesfromextremerealismtofantasy.HisimportantworksalsoincludeDubliners(1914)(collectionofshortstories),APortraitoftheArtistasaYoungMan(1914-1915),(autobiographicalnovel)andFinnegansWake(1939).Unit1•Exercises

Comprehension

Ex.II

Vocabulary

Ex.IV&Ex.V

Listening

Part2.2ExercisesExercises•Comprehension《读写教程IV》:

Ex.II,p.111. HowdoesProfessorSimontondefinegreatness?2. WhatdoestheexampleofWinstonChurchillshow?Answerthefollowingquestions:Hedefinesgreatnessasthelastingcontributionwhichapersonhasmadetohumancivilization.TheexampleofChurchillshowstheimportanceofpersistenceanddedicationtoachievegreatness.Exercises•Comprehension3. AccordingtoProfessorSimonton,howdoesbirthorderaffectaperson’sleadershipabilities?

4.WhatdoestheexampleofGeorgeWashingtonimplyaboutthequalitiesrequiredof20thcenturypoliticians? Firstbornsandonlychildrentendtomakegoodleadersintimesofcrisis,butmiddle-bornchildrenarebetterpeacetimeleaders.A20thcenturypoliticianshouldbeaneffectivepublicspeakerandasocialperson.Exercises•Comprehension5. Whatroledoesintelligenceappeartoplayinthesuccessofmilitaryandpoliticalleaders?6. AsdemonstratedbytheexampleofKepler,whatfactorbesidessheerintelligenceseemstobecrucialtoachievinggreatnessinthesciences?Intelligenceseemstobelessimportantthanotherfactors,suchastheabilitytocommunicateeffectively.Theabilitytoovercometraditionalwaysofthinkingisalsocrucial.Exercises•Comprehension7. WhatproblemdoesProfessorSimontonpointoutwhichoftenstopstalentedpeoplefromachievinggreatness.8. WhatdidtheBrandeisUniversitystudyshow?Theysimplydon’tdevotetheamountoftimerequired.Thestudyshowedthatenjoyingone’sworkisthebestformofinvitation.Exercises•Comprehension《读写教程IV》:Ex.IV,p12Exercises•Vocabulary2. Whenyou’rewritingapaper,youmust________________thesourcesofthestatementsyouhavequotedtosupportyourargument.1. I’mjustcomingaroundtohaveafriendly________withyou.Howareyoudoing?chatacknowledgeExercises•Vocabulary despite criterion contribution influential characteristic cite moral chat innate obstacle motivate obsession acknowledge contemporary intrinsic submitIV. Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.

3.Asthesayinggoes,“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.”Peoplewhowanttomakethingsbettercandosoifonlytheyarestrongly_________.4.Theexpressionofintensefeelingsinasimpleandyetprofoundwayisrecognizedasa_____________ofEmilyDickinson’spoetry.motivatedExercises•Vocabulary despite criterion contribution influential characteristic cite moral chat innate obstacle motivate obsession acknowledge contemporary intrinsic submitIV. Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.

characteristic6. Asthemost__________USpresident,FranklinRooseveltleftalegacywhichstilldeeplyaffectsthecountrytoday.5. ThomasJeffersondevotedhimselfcompletelytothedraftingoftheDeclarationofIndependence_______hispersonalsorrowandtrouble.despiteinfluentialExercises•Vocabulary despite criterion contribution influential characteristic cite moral chat innate obstacle motivate obsession acknowledge contemporary intrinsic submitIV. Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.

8.AsIseeit,lazinessisthebiggest________toperson’ssuccess.

7.

MadameCurieisoften_____asanexampleofagreatscientistwhowouldneveryieldtohardshipsinherquestforknowledge.Exercises•Vocabulary despite criterion contribution influential characteristic cite moral chat innate obstacle motivate obsession acknowledge contemporary intrinsic submitIV. Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.

citedobstacleExercises•Vocabulary despite criterion contribution influential characteristic cite moral chat innate obstacle motivate obsession acknowledge contemporary intrinsic submitIV. Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.

9.

Curiosityisthebestteacher.Ifmaterialsofno________interestarecrammedintostudents’head,noeffectivelearningcanbeachieved.10. Whatareyour

_______forselectingthegreatestliteraryworksofthe20thcentury?

intrinsiccriteria11. It’sgoodtoseeachilddevelopdifferentinterests,butwhenanyinterestturnsintoan__________itcanbeworryingtoparents.Exercises•Vocabulary12.Beforetheygotoschool,childrenmanagetoprogressfromnewbornswithonly______abilitiestochildrenwithanenormousamountofknowledgeaboutthetenyearsofresearch.obsessioninnate despite criterion contribution influential characteristic cite moral chat innate obstacle motivate obsession acknowledge contemporary intrinsic submitIV. Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.

Exercises•Vocabulary despite criterion contribution influential characteristic cite moral chat innate obstacle motivate obsession acknowledge contemporary intrinsic submitIV. Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.

13. MotherTeresawilllongberememberedforherunique____________tothecauseofcaringforthesickanddying.14. AlbertEinstein,FranklinRoosevelt’s_____________,gotinvolvedinpoliticsbysuggestingthegovernmentdevelopitsownnuclearweaponsprogram.contributioncontemporaryExercises•Vocabulary despite criterion contribution influential characteristic cite moral chat innate obstacle motivate obsession acknowledge contemporary intrinsic submitIV. Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.

15. FortheinclusionofyourrecordintheGuinnessBookofWorldRecords,anapplicationmustbe_________toitsheadquartersinLondon.16. Historyhasprovedthatintimeofcrisisacapableandcharismatic(有魅力的)

personmustbecalledtoleadershipsoastoraisethenation’s______.submittedmoral《读写教程IV》:Ex.V,P13Exercises•VocabularyExercises•VocabularyV. Fillintheblankswiththephrasesgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary. makehistory riseabove leavebehind focuson comeupwith beendowedwith buildupon putin gonowhere setapart takecharge putupwith 1. Astoday’sworldismakingfantasticprogressinscienceandtechnology,anynationcontenttorelyonpastsuccesseswillsoonbe___________.2. Thoughshewasonlyanormalathleteinhighschool,incollegeherabilityallowedherto__________andbecomeastarleftbehindriseaboveExercises•Vocabulary3. Afterreplacingawoundedartillerygeneral,Napoleon____________attheyoungageof24byseizingrebelliousToulon(土伦).4. IwishI__________________bothintelligenceandgoodlooks,butoverallIthinkit’smoreimportanttobesmartthanpretty.madehistorywereendowedwithV. Fillintheblankswiththephrasesgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary. makehistory riseabove leavebehind focuson comeupwith beendowedwith buildupon putin gonowhere setapart takecharge putupwith Exercises•Vocabulary6. Thisapproachis______________.Wehadbettercomeupwithanewwayofdealingwiththisproblem.goingnowhereV. Fillintheblankswiththephrasesgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary. makehistory riseabove leavebehind focuson comeupwith beendowedwith buildupon putin gonowhere setapart takecharge putupwith 5. Ienjoymywork,butmybossbothersmesomuchthatI’mnotsurehowmuchlongerI’llbeableto____________him.putupwithExercises•Vocabulary7. Asthenamesuggests,thebookGreatness:WhoMakesHistoryandWhyissupposedto________whatenablessomepeopletogodowninhistory.8. Thispsychologyprofessor’sstudyofgreatfiguresisreportedto____________overtenyearsofresearch.focusonwerebuiltonV. Fillintheblankswiththephrasesgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary. makehistory riseabove leavebehind focuson comeupwith beendowedwith buildupon putin gonowhere setapart takecharge putupwith Exercises•Vocabulary9. Ithinkyourgradesarelowbecauseyoudon’tstudyenough.Youreallyneedto_______moretimestudyingifyouexpecttodowell.10.Advertisingisatoughbusinessbecauseitisverydifficultto____________newideastosellthesameoldproducts.putincomeupwithV. Fillintheblankswiththephrasesgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary. makehistory riseabove leavebehind focuson comeupwith beendowedwith buildupon putin gonowhere setapart takecharge putupwith Exercises•VocabularyV. Fillintheblankswiththephrasesgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary. makehistory riseabove leavebehind focuson comeupwith beendowedwith buildupon putin gonowhere setapart