【快乐背单词】2021年暑假初升高衔接词根法速记高中必背单词

2021年暑假初升高衔接高中必背单词词根二

高中必背词根Ibio=life生命

及同源单词

1.biology[baiDhd3i]

n.生物学；生理;

[例句]Thelibraryhasalargebiologysection.这个图书馆有大量的生物学藏书。

[其他]复数：biologies

bio=life生物，-lugy=branchofscience表学科，研究生物的学科就是生物学。

biologist[baiDIndjIst]n.生物学家;

拆分：bio（生物）+logy（学科）+ist人

记忆要点：・ist为表示“人”的名词后缀。

biological[.baiiDd^ikl]

adj.生物学的；生物的；与生命过程有关的；力口（生化）酶的;

n.[药]生物制品；生物制剂；

拆分：bio（生物）+logy（学科）+cal（构成）biologist

记忆要点：-cal构成

microbiology[.malkrsubalDhd3i]n.微生物学;

图述科普：被滥用的抗生素

拆分：micro（微）+bio（生物）+logy（学科）

।—・・森

@"抗前霰"信常则神

记忆要点：-micro微小的

BI—EWM

biotechnologyf,baiautek'nolsd3i]n.生物科技；力二80a.♦界』■然

拆分：bio（生物）+technology（科技）抗生素

记忆要点：technology（科技）

3.3研

中国人均砒量美国lowAf中am仟舒好震0例8

2.biotic[baiDtik]

adj.生物的；生命的；

拆分：bio（生物）+tic（形容词后缀）

记忆要点：-tic形容词后缀

antibiotic[,aentibal'Dtlk]

n.抗菌素；抗生素（如青霉素）;

adj.抗生素的；抗生的；抗菌的；抗菌作用的；

拆分：anti（反）+bio（生物）+tic（形容词后缀）

记忆要点：anti反antibioticabuse抗生素滥用

biociden.抗微生物剂；杀虫（菌）齐小生物杀伤剂;

拆分：bio（生物）+cide（杀）

记忆要点：-cide杀袁隆平1

冏故事

23个.大桂节点受个❸跑®事

3.biography[baiDgr^fi]写到91岁我熬记空

袁隆平院士的情奇一生.

_________■■iMTfTi

n.传记；传记作品；

[例句]Thebiographyshowshiminafavourablelight.

传记刻画出了他的正面形象。

bio=life生命，生活；-graphy=write写，writeaboutone'slife书写某个人生平的著作就是传记。

autobiography[（□:tobai'Dgrofi]n.自传；自传体写作;

拆分：auto（自）+bio（生物）+graphy（写作）

记忆要点：auto=self

biographer[baiDgr9fo（r）]n.传记作家；

拆分：bio（生物）+graphy（写作）+er（的人）

3.biochemistry[,baiau'kemistri]

n.生物化学；生物的化学结构和特性；

拆分：bio（生物）+chemistry（化学）

记忆要点：一chemistry化学一biochemistry生物化学；chemist化学家一biochemist生物化学家

biosphere「baia（u）sfia]n.生物圈

拆分：bio（生物）+sphere（范围）

记忆要点：一sphere球形,范围，围绕大气层：aerosphere=aero空气+sphere

amphibian[把m'flbinn]n.两栖动物；

拆分：amphi（两种）+bian（生物），过两种生活的生物，它既能在水里生活也能在陆地上生活。

symbiosis[,simbal'ausis]

n.共生（关系）；合作关系；互惠互利的关系；

讲解：sym-=together共同，bi=life生物，-osis=stateofliving表生存状态，stateofliveslivingtogether

生物共同生存的状态，就是共生。

公课后练习

一、阅读还原7选5

请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面的七个选项中，选择五个还原到文中，

使短文意思通顺、结构完整。

LiYaoyouneverthoughthiswritingwouldbecomepopularonline.The14-year-oldatWuhanWuhan

MiddleSchoolwrotebiography（传记）foreachofhis57classmatesinclassicalChinese1..

Li*sbiographyhasmorethan8,000words.Hewroteeachofclassmates,includingtheirbirthdaysand

personalities.2..Infact,writingabiographywaspartofhisChinesehomeworkforwintervacation.

StudentswereaskedtoreadHistoricalRecords（《史i己》）.Thentheyhadtowriteabiographyforothers.

3..Histeacherthenencouragedhimtowritemore.Itwasabigproject,butLiworkedhardto

completeitsuccessfully.Hedidn'tknoweveryonewell.Sohetalkedwithhisclassmates1friendsand

observedthemcarefully.nOnce,towriteaboutagirlwhoIdidn'tknowwell,Italkedwithherfriendsfora

fewdays,nhesaid,"4.IgottoknowshelikesPikachuandfood!

5..Sometimes,hesearchedonlinetoleamit.Butgradually,hislanguageskillsimproved.nWhenI

wrotethelast10piece,thewordscametomymindnaturally,uhesaid.Also,hetriedtosaysomething

moreabouteachperson'sspecialside.Evenifitisnotagood,shiningpoint,Ikeepit.Iwanttobe

objective/*hesaid.

A.Atthebeginning,Lijustwroteaboutsixclassmatesheknewwell.

B.ExpressinghisideasinclassicalChinesewasnoteasy.

C.Andnowpeopleareadmiringhisgreattalent.

D.Andnowheisfamousasagreatwriter.

E.Theninthgraderseesasagraduationgifttothem.

EAtfirsthedoesnllikeclassicalChineselessons.

G.Myhardworkpaidoff.

二、完型填空

Duringanexperiment,abiologistputasharkintoalargetankandthenputseveralsmallfishintoit,

too.

Asyouwould6thesharkquicklyswamaroundthetank（容器）.Whenitfoundthesmaller

fish,it7begantoattackandeatthem.Thebiologistthenplacedastrongpieceof8glass

intothetank,creatingtwoseparateparts.Shethenputthesharkinonepartofthetankandanewgroupof

fishin9.

Again,thesharkquicklyattacked.Thistime,however,thesharkknockedinto10glass

dividerandbouncedoff（弹回）.Thesharkkeptrepeatingthisbehavioreveryfewminutesbutit11.

Meanwhile,thesmallfishswamaround12intheotherpart.Aboutanhourlater,theshark13

up.Thisexperimentwasrepeatedseveral14overthenextfewweeks.Eachtime,thesharkgotless

aggressive（攻击性）anddidn'twantto15attackingthesmallfish,untilthesharkgot16

ofhittingtheglassdividerandsimplystoppedattacking.

Thebiologistthenremovedtheglassdivider,17thesharkdidn'tattack.Thesharkwas

trainedtobelievetherewasabarrier（障碍）betweenitselfandthesmallfish,sothefishswamwherever

theywished,without18.

Infact,manyofus,afterexperiencingsetbacksandfailures,emotionallygiveupandstoptrying.Like

the19inthestory,webelievethatbecausewewereunsuccessfulinthepast,wewillalwaysbe

unsuccessful.Inotherwords,wecontinuetoseeabarrierinourheads,evenwhenthereisno"real"barrier

20whereweareandwherewewanttogo.

6.A.worryB.fearC.expectD.remember

7.A.heavilyB.quicklyC.carefullyD.busily

8.A.dirtyB.darkC.lightD.clear

9.A.anotherB.otherC.theotherD.others

10.A.aB.,anC.theD.（不填）

11.A.wantedB.failedC.leftD.hit

12.A.happilyB.quietlyC.safelyD.politely

13.A.tookB.gaveC.putD.cut

14.A.minutesB.monthsC.groupsD.times

15.A.allowB.stopC.forgetD.try

16.A.tiredB.excitedC.usedD.surprised

17.A.andB.soC.orD.but

18.A.deathB.dangerC.interestD.hope

19.A.sharkB.fishC.glassD.tank

20.A.amongB.fromC.throughD.between

三、阅读单选

A

Doyouknowaboutbio-plastic（生物塑料）?Itisakindofplastic,butitisnotthesameas

normalplastic.Normalplasticismadefromchemicalmaterialsandtakesaverylongtimetodegrade（降

解）.Butbio-plasticisgoodfortheenvironment,itismadebyusingbacteria（细菌）toprocess（力口工）

naturalsourceslikevegetableoils,cornorsugar.Itcandegrademoreeasily.

Butthereisaproblemwithbio-plastic.The“foodThatbacteriaeatiswhatweeat.Thismeansthat

bacteriaarecompetingagainsthumansforthesameresources.

Nowscientistshavefoundanewwaytomakebio-plastic—usingtwokindsofbacteriaandsunlight.

AccordingtoNewsweek.

Oneofthebacteriacanusesunlighttoproducesugar.Theotherlandeatsthesugarandproduces

polymers（聚合物）.Polymersareusedtocreatebio-plastics.Thewaythebacteriastorepolymersissimilar

ashumansstorefats.

Thenewwaytoproducebio-plastichasmanyadvantages.Itis20timesfasterthanthenormalwaywe

producebio-plastic.Moreover,usingthesetwobacteriasavesresources.

Thenextproblemscientistsfaceisthattheywanttoputtheirtabresearchintoreal-worldpractice.By

doingthis,bio-plasticmadewiththesetwobacteriacanbewidelyproducedinthefuture.

21.Accordingtothepassage,whichisTRUEaboutbio-plastic?

A.Itisbadfortheenvironment.

B.It*smadefromchemicalmaterials.

C.Itisanewkindofbacteria.

D.Itcandegrademoreeasily.

22.Whatdoesthephrase,'Thefood1'underlinedreferto?

A.Normalplastic.B.Normalbacteria.C.Saltywaters.D.Naturalsources.

23.Fromthepassage,whichisthecorrectordertomakebio-plastic?

a.eatingthesugar

b.creatingbio-plastics

c.producingpolymers

d.usingsunlighttoproducesugar

A.a-d-c-bB.a-d-b-cC.d-a-c-bD.d-c-a-b

24.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Anewkindofplastic.B・Anewwaytoproducebio-plastic.

C.AwaytostorefatsD.Awaytoproducetwokindsofbacteria.

Tinyplantsandanimalsliveallaroundus.Wecannotseethembecausetheyaresosmall,buttheyare

everywhere.

Theyliveinthesoil,theair,andinriversandoceans.Theygrowonmountainsandincaves.Somelivein

theiceatthenorthandsouthpoles;somelivewhereitisveryhot.Theyarefoundthroughoutcitiesandin

thecountry.Theygrowonotherplantsandanimals.Someareevenlivingonyou,onyourskin,hair,and

insideyourbody,inyourmouth,nose,andallthroughyourintestines（肠）.

Thesetinyplantsandanimalsarecalledmicrobes.Thewordmicrobeismadefromtwootherwords:micro,

meaningsmall,andbios,meaninglife.So,microbemeanssmalllife.

Microbeshavebeenonearthforaverylongtime.Theymayhavebeenthefirstformsoflifetobealive.

Todaytherearemoremicrobesintheworldthanallotherlivingthings.

Peopledidnotknowmicrobeshadexisted（存在）long.Theyweretoosmallfbrthemtosee.

Butpeopledidseemanychangesintheirworld-importantchanges.Andtheydidnotknowwhatcaused

them.Theysawfoodthattheykepttoolongchangecolorandbegintosmellbad.Theysawcutsand

woundsgrowredandpainfulandbecomeinfected.Theysawoldplantsandleavesandtreescrumble

apartontheforestflooranddisappearintothesoil.Suchchangeswereanaturalpartoftheworld,but

peopledidnotunderstandthem.Theydidnotknowthesechangeswereevidence（证据）oftinyplantsand

animalsgrowingallaroundthem.

25.Wheredomicrobeslive?

A.Onlyintheforest.,B.Almosteverywhere.

C.Mostinveryhotareas.,D.Mostinriversandoceans.

26.Theunderlinedphrase“crumbleapart“inthelastparagraphmeans"

A.开花结果，B.化为春泥,C.破裂腐烂,D.芳香四溢

27.Accordingtothepassage,whichisthemostsuitabletocompletethewebbelow?

A.Microbesareverysmall,B.Microbesareallaroundus

C.Peoplecan'tseemicrobes,D.Foodbeginstosmellbad

28.Thebesttitleofthepassagecouldbe

A.Thesmallestlifearoundus,B,Theorigin（起源）ofmicrobes

C.Theplaceofmicrobesgrowing,D.Theevidenceofmicrobesgrowing

C

牒'on

B.AntibioticCream

Dn_Leaty,

灯s?a%in

Stopeyesoroverlarge

Uses:creamtotreatpainrifyouhaveserious

畿噂噜*~VW:adoctorify0?

°neweekorifthepa”

andinfection（感染）fromtemperature.

Oniy^use：.........-............................……,older，

P：；anandchildrenaged2°r

smallcutsandbumsone$

a曾orburn.°t。th”e€

［，ay.eamonthecutorburnupt。

skin.

pregnant,askadoctorbef"6

29.Ifyouhavecutyourfingers,whatmedicineshouldyouuse?

A.PainkillerB.AntibioticCreamC.NoneoftheaboveD.Bothofthemarefine

30.Johnnyisa9-year-oldboy,andhehadacold.Howshouldhetakeamedicine?

A.Takethe1tabletofthePainkillerevery4or6hours.

B.UsetheAntibioticCreamthreetimesaday.

C.Take2tabletsofthePainkillereachtime.

D.Askadoctorforadvice.

31.WhenusingtheAntibioticCream,whichofthefollowingistrue?

A.Itshouldbekeptbelowtheroomtemperature.

B.AllchildrencanusetheAntibioticCream.

C.Pregnantwomencanuseitwithoutadoctor'sadvice.

D.StoptheAntibioticCreamfromgoingintoyoureyesoryourmouthwhenusingit.

32.Asa15-year-oldteenager,whichofthefollowingiscorrectwhenusingthemedicine?

A.Youcantakemorethan5tabletsofPainkillereachday.

B.Askadoctorforadvicebeforeusingthetwomedicinesabove.

C.YoucanusetheAntibioticCreamonyourskin.

D.Youcantake3tabletsofPainkilleratonetime.

33.Howmanysymptoms（症状）canthepainkillertreat?

A.1B.2C.3D.4

四、填写适当的句子补全对话

根据短文内容，完成下面的句子，每空一词。（每小题2分，共10分）

Doyoulikecoke?Doyouknowwecancookchickenwithit?Anddoesithaveanythingtodowith

ourmobilephones?Thelatestcellphone,the“CokePhone^^,bytheChinesedesignerDaiziZhengisa

surprise.

DaiziZhengisafamousdesignerinEngland.TheNokiacompanyaskedhertodesignaphonethatisnot

badfortheenvironment.Asaresultofherresearch,shefoundthatnormalphonebatteriesareexpensive

andbadfortheenvironment.Italsousesmanygoodresources（资源）tomakeanormalbattery.Soshe

wantedtodesignabatterythatisgreen.ThenaNokiacellphonethatdrinkscokewasborn.

Thecellphonehasabio-battery（生物电池）.Itgetspowerfromsugar.Sousersonlyneedtopouraglassof

cokeintoit,andthenwatchthecoketurnintopower.Oncethebatterydies,onlyoxygenandwaterareleft.

Bio-batteriescanlastthreetofourtimeslongerthantheusualbatteries.Infact,Zhengsaidthatnotonly

cokebutalsosoda（苏打）withsugarcanbegoodresourcestopowerthecellphone.

Ifso,youmayneverlookatacanofcokeinthesamewayagain.

34.The“CokePhone^^isthecellphonethatisdesignedaChinesegirl.

【小题1]Thenormalphonebatteriesareanddototheenvironment.

35.TheChinesegirldesignedabio-batterytotheofanormalphonebattery.

36.Cokeandsodawithsugarcanthe"CokePhone^^power.

37.Fromthepassage,weknowcokehasusebesidesbeingusedtoandadrink.

参考答案

1.C2.E3.A4.G5.B

【分析】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了LiYaoyou和他的传记.他通过自己不断地努力和来自同

学和老师鼓励不断成长的事。

1.句子选择题。根据文章The14-year-oldatWuhanWuhanMiddleSchoolwrotebiography（传记）for

eachofhis57classmatesinclassicalChinese可知，14岁的中学生用古文给每个同学写了人物传记，

所以人们都很钦佩他。故选C。

2.句子选择题。根据文章Hewroteeachofclassmates,includingtheirbirthdaysandpersonalities.可知,

他写了同学的生日和性格等内容，所以这里是同学们的心情，把它作为毕业礼物。故选E。

3.句子选择题。根据文章Histeacherthenencouragedhimtowritemore.可知，老师鼓励他多写一点、,

所以是刚开始时他只介绍了6个同学。故选A。

4.句子选择题。根据文章IgottoknowshelikesP汰achuandfood!可知，他了解了女孩的喜好，所

以是努力了解女孩的过程有了效果。故选G。

5.句子选择题。根据文章Sometimes,hesearchedonlinetolearnit.Butgradually,hislanguageskills

improved.可知，他通过电脑逐渐提高了自己的古文表达水平，所以是刚开始他用古文表达不容易。

故选B„

6.C7.B8.D9.C10.C11.B12.C13.B14.D15.D16.A

17.D18.B19.A20.D

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位生物学家把鲨鱼放在一个容器里，并为它设置了障碍，在

屡次受阻后，鲨鱼放弃了尝试。虽然之后障碍物被拿掉，但鲨鱼已经形成了定式思维，一个无形的

障碍已经深藏于它的脑海中。这个故事告诉我们，在经历挫折和失败后，一定不要选择放弃，因为

那些阻碍你成功和进步的东西很可能会被你的坚持所克服掉。

6.考查动词词义辨析。worry担心；fear害怕：expect期望；remember记得。把鲨鱼和小鱼放在一

起，结果正如大家所预料的那样。故选C。

7.考查副词词义辨析。heavily重地;quickly迅速地；carefully仔细地；busily忙碌地。根据常识可

知，鲨鱼看到猎物肯定是迅速去捕食，故选B。

8.考查形容词同义辨析。dirty脏的；dark黑暗的；light轻的；clear清晰的。根据常识可知玻璃是

透明的，而且鲨鱼没有看到直接撞了上去，说明玻璃很干净。故选D。

9.考查代词词义辨析。another三者或三者以上中的另一个；。ther另外一个（两个人或事物中的第

二个）；theother两者中的另一个；others其他的人或物。生物学家把这个容器分成了两部分，所以

应该是两者中的另一个。故选C。

10.考查冠词的用法。根据前文生物学家在容器里放了一块干净的玻璃可知，此处表示特指，应用

定冠词the。故选C。

11.考查动词词义辨析。wanted想要;failed失败;left离开;hit打。根据语境以及最后一段中的“setbacks

andfailures”可知选Bo

12.考查副词词义辨析。happily愉快地；quietly安静地；safely安全地;politely礼貌地。鲨鱼不能

来捕食它们了，所以它们肯定是很安全地在游行。故选C。

13.考查动词词义辨析。took带走;gave给;put放；cut切割。根据最后一段的“emotionallygiveup”

可知选B。

14.考查名词词义辨析。minutes分钟；months月；groups组；times次数。根据常理可知应该是尝

试了几次然后放弃了。故选D。

15.考查动词词义辨析。allow允许;stop停止;forget忘记；try尝试。根据最后一段的“stoptrying”

可知选Do

16.考查形容词词义辨析。tired疲惫的，厌倦的；excited激动的；used用过的；surprised惊讶的。

gelliredof对...厌倦，为固定搭配。故选A。

17.考查连词词义辨析。and和；so因此；or或者，否则；but但是。根据语境可知，虽然生物学家

去掉了玻璃挡板，但是鲨鱼依然不攻击了。故选D。

18.考查名词词义辨析。death死亡；danger危险；interest兴趣；hope希望。鲨鱼不能来捕食它们

了，所以它们的处境是安全的，也就是没有危险。故选B。

19.考查名词词义辨析。shark鲨鱼；fish鱼；glass玻璃；lank容器。根据后文的描述，可知作者把

人们比作实验中的鲨鱼。故选A。

20.考查介词词义辨析。among在三者及三者以上之间；from从，来自；through穿过；between在

两者之间。between…and…在...和...两者之间。故选D。

21.D22.D23.C24.B

【分析】短文大意：本文是科普类阅读，介绍了新型生物塑料的优点、作用及制作方法。

21.题意：根据文章，关于生物塑料，哪个是正确的？考查细节理解。根据“Itcandegrademoreeasily

它更容易降解”可知，Itcandegrademoreeasily说法正确，故选Do

22.题意:划线部分的“Thefbod”是指什么？考查词义理解。Normalplastic正常的塑料;Normalbacteria

正常的细菌；Saltywaters咸水；Naturalresources天然资源。根据"The"food"thatbacteriaeatiswhatwe

eat.Thismeansthatbacteriaarecompetingagainsthumansfbrthesameresources细菌吃的食物就是我们

吃的东西。这意味着细菌正在与人类争夺同样的资源“，可知Naturalresources符合题意，故选D。

23.题意：在这一段中，哪一个是制造生物塑料的正确顺序？考查细节排序。a.吃糖；b.制造生物

塑料；c.生产聚合物；d.利用阳光生产糖。根据第四自然段：先是一种细菌利用阳光产生糖，然后

然后另一块地吃糖，产生聚合物；最后聚合物被用来制造生物塑料，可知d-a-c-b顺序正确，故选C。

24.题意：这篇文章的主旨是什么？考查主旨理解。根据主题句“Nowscientistshavefbundanewway

tomakebio-plastic-usingtwokindsofbacteriaandsunlight科学家发现了一种制造生物塑料的新方

法”,结合短文内容，可知介绍的是新型生物塑料的优点、作用及制作方法，Anewwaytoproduce

bio-plastic（一种生产生物塑料的新方法）符合题意，故选B。

25.B26.C27.D28.A

【分析】文章介绍了我们周围的微生物，它们很小，我们看不见，但是它们无处不在。

25.根据Tinyplantsandanimalsliveallaroundus.Wecannotseethembecausetheyaresosmall,butthey

areeverywhere.可知微生物在每一个地方；故选B

26.根据Theysawoldplantsandleavesandtreescrumbleapartontheforestflooranddisa