六年级英语下册《形容词比较级最高级》讲义

第第页六年级英语下册《形容词比较级最高级》讲义形容词比较级&最高级一、形容词的定义形容词是常用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征、性质或状态的词。形容词的用法（位置）1.放在名词之前，即形容词+名词E.g.Weliveinabeautifulhouse.2.放在系动词之后，即系动词+形容词E.g.Myideaisgreat.常见系动词类别例词例句状态系动词beSheisverykind.感官系动词feel、look、sound、smell、tasteTheflowerslookbeautiful.常见形容词-互为反义词-【背诵】long-shorttall-shortnew-oldyoung-oldfat-thinthick-thinbig-smallgood-badhot-coldbeautiful/handsome-uglyhappy-sadrich-poorhungry-fullempty-fullclean-dirtybusy-freewet-dryhard-softstrong-weaksweet-sourheavy-lighteasy-difficultfast-slowcheap-expensivesafe-dangerousquiet-noisy形容词的构词法-【背诵】类别例词词缀天气类cloudcloudy-ywindwindysnowsnowyrainrainysunsunnyfogfoggy多个形容词修饰名词的排序-【美小圆旧黄，法国木书房】【美】一般描绘性形容词：beautiful,ugly,bad,interesting,boring...【小】表示大小，长短，高低的形容词：small,big,long,short,tall,high,low...【圆】表示形状的形容词：round,square...【旧】表示年龄，新旧的形容词：old,young，new...【黄】表示颜色的形容词：yellow,red,green,blue,black...【法国】表示国籍，地区，出处的形容词：French,Chinese,Japanese...【木】表示物质，材料的形容词：wooden,golden,woolen（羊毛的）【书房】表示被修饰的名词：study,skirt,car,house...如：一张又大又漂亮的棕色圆形新木桌abeautifulbigroundnewbrownwoodentable形容词比较级&最高级的变化规则1.规则变化-【背诵】类别构成方法原级比较级最高级单音节词和少数双音节词一般情况，直接+er，estlonglongerlongesttalltallertallest以不发音的e结尾，+r，stlatelaterlatestlargelargerlargest以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,+er，esteasyeasiereasiesthappyhappierhappiest以“重读闭音节，辅元辅结构”结尾，双写尾字母，+er，estbigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottest多音节词和部分双音节词在原级前，+more，mostcarefulmorecarefulmostcarefulbeautifulmorebeautifulmostbeautiful2.不规则变化-【背诵】原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbadworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther(较远)farthest(最远)further(较远；进一步)furthest(最远；最大限度)oldolder(年纪较大的)oldest(年纪最大的)elder(较年长的)eldest(最年长的)形容词原级&比较级&最高级的句型1.形容词原级的用法①肯定句中的结构：A+be+as+形容词原级+as+B.(A和B一样)Thefootballisasbigasthebasketball.②否定句中的结构：A+be+not+as+形容词原级+as+B.(A不如B)Thisbookisn'tasnewasthatone.2.形容词比较级的用法①表示“A比B更...”的结构：A+be+adj.比较级+than+B.Thesnakeislongerthantheruler.②表示“A越来越…”的结构：a.A+be+adj.比较级+and+adj.比较级.Tinaisgettingolderandolder.b.A+be+moreandmore+adj.原级.(当adj.为多音节词或部分双音节词时)Amyismoreandmorebeautiful.③表示“哪一个/谁更…”的结构：Who/Which+be+adj.比较级,AorB?Whoisthinner，TomorJack?④表示“A是两者之间比较...的一个”的结构：A+be+the+adj.比较级(ofthetwo).Tomisthethinnerofthetwo.⑤表示“越…，就越…”的结构：the+比较级...,the+比较级…Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouwillbe.3.形容词最高级的用法①表示“A是（范围中）最...的”的结构：A+be+the+adj.最高级+in/of+范围.Bettyisthetallestinherclass.②表示“A是（范围中）最...的之一”的结构：A+be+oneof+the+adj.最高级+n.复数(+范围).YaoMingisoneofthebestbasketballplayers.TheGreatWallisoneofthegreatestwondersintheworld.③表示“哪一个/谁最…”的结构：Which/Who+be+the+adj.最高级,A,BorC?Whichcityisthemostbeautiful,Beijing,ShanghaiorSuzhou?④表示“A是（范围中）第几最”的结构：A+be+the+序数词+adj.最高级+n.单数+范围.TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.【注意】：形容词最高级前面有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰，不需要再用定冠词。如：Thisisourbestlessontoday.Vocabulary.四会单词&词组1interesting[ˈɪntrəstɪŋ]adj.有趣的2boring[ˈbɔːrɪŋ]adj.令人厌烦的，无聊的3high[haɪ]adj.高的4low[ləʊ]adj.低的5round[raʊnd]adj.圆/球/环/弧形的6square[skweə(r)]adj.方形的7wooden[ˈwʊdn]adj.木制的；呆板的8golden[ˈɡəʊldən]adj.金（黄）色的9woolen[ˈwʊlən]adj.毛料的10wide[waɪd]adj.宽的11careful[ˈkeəfl]adj.小心的12crazy[ˈkreɪzi]adj.疯狂的13joyful[ˈdʒɔɪfl]adj.快乐的，高兴的14slim[slɪm]adj.苗条的15wonder[ˈwʌndə(r)]奇迹16pretty[ˈprɪti]adj.漂亮的三会单词&词组1delicious[dɪˈlɪʃəs]adj.美味的2dolphin[ˈdɒlfɪn]n.海豚3plateau[ˈplætəʊ]n.高原4islandgroup[ˈaɪləndɡruːp]群岛【Homework-1】写出下列形容词的反义词。hungry-empty-old-thin-big-hard-sad-poor-wet-easy-clean-fast-cheap-free-cold-weak-noisy-ugly-tall-sweet-写出下列所给词的比较级和最高级。原级比较级最高级fastwideeasysmalllargedirtylongrudehotbusythinfewfatgoodlittlebadfardifficultexpensivecleverclearmanyyoung三、单项选择。1.Hefeels___________todaythanyesterday.A.tiredB.moretiredC.moretirederD.muchtired2.Whichdoyoulike___________,coffee,teaormilk?A.theworstB.worseC.theworseD.worst3.___________ofthetwowomenisMrs.Brown.A.ThebeautifulB.ThemorebeautifulC.MorebeautifulD.Themostbeautiful4.Thelineis___________thanthatone.A.morelongerB.notlongerC.longerD.manymorelonger5.Thebookis___________ofthetwo.A.thinnerB.thethinnerC.morethinnerD.thethinnest6.Whosesweateris___________ofall?A.cheaperB.cheapC.cheapestD.thecheapest7.Thegardenisbecoming___________.A.morebeautifulandmoreB.morebeautifulandbeautifulC.moreandmorebeautifulD.morebeautifulandbeautifuler8.The___________youare，the___________mistakesyouwilltake.A.morecareful,fewerB.carefully,fewC.morecareful,morefewD.careful,fewer9.-Whichis___________,thesun,themoonortheearth?-Ofcourse,themoonis.A.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.thesmallest10.Mike’scaketastes_____________.A.goodB.betterC.moregoodD.best【Homework-2】一、用形容词的适当形式填空。1.Sheis____________(young)ofthegirls.2.Myeyesare____________(big)thanhiseyes.3.Ourcountryisbecoming____________and____________(strong).4.Heisgetting____________and____________(careful).5.Mariais____________(thin).Lucyis____________(thin)thanMary.6.Whois____________(fat),MikeorJack?7.Tomisas____________(tall)asJim.8.1ammuch____________(well)thanyesterday.9.Whichis____________(long),theredoneortheyellowone?10.Asiais____________(big)continentofthethreecontinents.二、根据所给汉语提示完成句子。1.我