Module 2 Traffic Jam基础练-2022-2023学年外研版高中英语必修四

Module2TrafficJam基础练

一、阅读理解

（一）

A

Somepeoplethinktheyhaveananswertothetroublesoftrafficjamsandairpollutioninlargecities.

Theiransweristhebicycle,orbike.

Inagreatmanycities,hundredsofpeopleridebicyclestoworkeveryday.InNewYorkCity,

somebikeridershaveevenformedagroupcalledBikeforaBetterCity.Theyclaimthatifmorepeople

rodebicyclestowork,therewouldbefewerautomobilesinthedowntownsectionofthecityand

thereforelessdirtyairfromcarengines.

Forseveralyearsthisgrouphasbeentryingtogetthecitygovernmenttohelpbikeriders.For

example,theywantthecitytodrawspeciallanesforbicyclesonlyonsomeofthemainstreets,

becausewhenbikeridersmustusethesamelanesascars,theremaybeaccidents.BikeforaBetter

Cityfeelsthatiftherewerespeciallanes,morepeoplewouldusebikes.

Butnobicyclelaneshavebeendrawnyet.Noteveryonethinksitisagoodidea.Taxidriverssayit

willslowtraffic.Somestoreownersonthemainstreetssaythatifthereislesstraffic,theywillhave

lessbusiness.Andmostpeoplelivetoofarfromdowntowntotravelbybike.

Thecitygovernmenthasnotyetdecidedwhattodo.Itwantstokeepeveryonehappy.Onlyon

weekends,CentralPark,thelargestopenplaceinNewYork,isclosedtocars,andtheroadsmay

beusedbybicyclesonly.ButBikeforaBetterCitysaysthatisnotenoughandkeepsfightingtoget

bicyclelanesdowntown.

1.WhatmayBikeforaBetterCitybe?

A.Aparty.B.Acompany.

C.Aperson.D.Anorganization.

2.Whostronglyprefertheideaofspecialbicyclelanes?

A.Somebikeriders.

B.Somestoreowners.

C.Thecitygovernment.

D.Peoplelivingfarfromdowntown.

3.WhyaretherenobicyclelanesinNewYorkCity?

A.Themainstreetsarenotwideenough.

B.Thecitygovernmentistoobusytodoit.

C.Somepeopledon'tthinkitisagoodidea.

D.Mostpeoplelivetoofartotravelbybike.

4.WhenisCentralParkinNewYorkclosedtocars?

A.OnSaturdaysandSundays.B.IntheAfternoons.

C.OnWeekdays.D.InHolidays.

B

Gettingstuckinatrafficjamisoneofthemostboringproblemsforpeoplelivinginbigcities.The

factthatyou'removingsoslowlyleadstostress,angerandthewishthatyourcarcouldjustflyoverthe

trafficlikeanairplane.

Soon,however,thatwishcouldcometrue.OnMay8,UScar-rentingcompanyUmbershowed

offwhatitdescribedas“thetransportationmodeofthefuture：on-demandairtransport,nreportedABC

News.

AccordingtoNikhillGoeLheadofproductsforUmberAir,thecompany'sairtaxiservicemay

launchtestflightsintheUScitiesofDallasandLosAngeles,aswellasDubaiintheUnitedArab

Emirates,asearlyas2020.Ifeverythinggoesaccordingtoplan,passengerswillbeabletoflytowork

by2023.

“WhentheOlympicscomestoLosAngelesin2028.Umberexpectstohavehundreds,ifnot

thousands,ofitsaircraftintheskies."GoeltoldNewsweek.

SowhatwouldUmber'sflyingvehiclesbelike?

Theyaresmall,electricaircraftthattakeoffandlandvertically,andtheygiveoffzeroemissions

andarequietenoughtooperateincities.

Justlikeanairplane,thevehicleswillhavefixedwingstohelpthemglide.Butwhileahelicopter

hasjustonebigfixedrotor（定量），Umber'svehicleswillhavemultiplerotors,whichwillhelpincrease

fuelefficiencywhilereducingemissionsandnoise.

“Becauseofthesefixedwinesandmultiplerotors.Umber'sflyingtaxisshouldbequieterandsafer

thanahelicopter.nreportedABCNews.

However,theservicestillhasalongwaytogobeforeitsreadytoacceptpassengers.Forexample,

toavoidanypotentialaccidents,UmberisworkingwithNASAtostudyairtrafficcontrolproblems

associatedwithlow-flyingaircraft.ButjustasDubai*sMayorBettyPricesaidinanewsrelease,“This

programisrevolutionaryandfuture-o^iented.^^

5.WhendoUmber'sflyingtaxisareexpectedtotakepassengers?

A.In2020.B.In2023.

C.In2028.D.In2030.

6.HowareUmber'sflyingtaxisdifferentfromhelicopters?

A.Theyhaveonebigrotor.

B.Theyneedmorefueltofly.

C.Theyhavefewerfixedwings.

D.Theywillbequieterandsafer.

7.Whichistrueabouttheflyingcarsaccordingtothetext?

A.Theycanbeasefficientasairplanes.

B.Theyareeasiertotakeoffandlandthanhelicopters.

C.Theywillsurelyhelppassengersavoidaccidents.

D.Theywilldoalmostnoharmtotheenvironment.

8.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Umber'splantolaunchflyingtaxis.

B.TheadvantagesofUmberareflyingtaxis.

C.DifferentopinionsaboutUmberareflyingtaxis.

D.ThedifficultiesUmberisfacingintestingflyingvehicles.

（二）

A

Visitingafestivalabroadcanbeagreatreasontotravelandawaytoexperiencedifferentcultures.

Thereissuchanumberofchoicesthatitspossibletospendthewholesummerwatchinglivemusicin

excitingplaces.

Melt!Festival,Germany

Thisfestivaltakesplaceonthesiteofanopenairmuseumforindustrialmachinery.There'salsoa

lakewhichcanbeusedforswimmingwhenifshot.Thisyear'sline-uphasover120differentbands.

Around90%ofthepeopleattendingthefestivalareGermansprovidingaperfectchancetopractice

speakingthelanguage.

ExitFestival,Serbia

SetonthebanksoftheDanubeinanoldfortress（城堡）,thefestivalbeganasawaytoshow

peoplesdissatisfactionwiththegovernment.Thesedaysitslesspoliticalbutstillworriesaboutpeople

whoarepoor,ill,old,etc.Andtriestohelpthem.Thisyear'sfestivalwillhostmanyfamousbands.

Fromelectronicmusicanddancemusictohardrock,thereissomethingforeveryonetoenjoy.

BelladrumTartanHeartFestival,Scotland

SetonaScottishestate（庄园）nearInverness,thisyearBelladrumwillwelcomeartistsfrom

aroundtheworld.Themostenjoyablepartoftheweekendistheceilidh（traditionalScottishdanceand

party）whichisalwaysalivelyevent.Itdoesn'tevenmatterifyouYeabeginnerbecausetheband

teachesyoueachdance.

OpenerFestival,Poland

HeldinanairfieldnearthenortherncityofGdansk,eachyearOpenerhasaseriouslygood

selectionofbands.Thisyearisnoexception,withmanyfamousbandssettoplay.Notonlyarethere

amazingartists,butbothPolandandthefestivalitselfalsoprovideveryexcellentvalueformoney.

1.WhatisspecialaboutMelt!Festival?

A.ItprovidesGermanlessons.

B.Itisheldbyalocalmuseum.

C.Thebandsarefrom120countries.

D.MostofthefestivalgoersareGermans.

2.WhydidExitFestivalbegin?

A.Forpoliticalreasons.B.Forpersonalreasons.

C.Tohelpstopafight.D.Toofferhelptothepoor.

3.WhatmakesBelladrumTartanHeartFestivaldifferentfromtheothers?

A.Itfallsinsummer.

B.Itisalivemusicfestival.

C.ItteachespeopleScottishdances.

D.Itinvitesthemostfamousbands.

B

Carmakersnowallowdriverstomakephonecalls,useemail,andtext,etc.Carsusedtohave

afewbuttons.Somecarsnowhaveasmanyas50buttons.

“It'saddingcomplexinformationatdriversfingertipswithoutoftenconsideringwhetherit,sagood

ideatoputitattheirfingertips,“UniversityofUtahprofessorDavidStrayersaid.Thatcomplexity

increasesthetimedriversspendtryingtousethesystems.

Thesystems“aredevelopedtobeusedinthedrivingenvironmentandrequiredriversattentionthat

iscomparabletoturningontheradio,whichhasalwaysbeenconsideredacceptablebehaviorwhile

driving,"saidWadeNewton,aspokesmanfortheAllianceofAutomobileManufacturers.

ButJakeNelson,AAAsdirectorfortrafficsafetyresearch,saiddriverstestingall30ofthe2017

modelyearcarstooktheireyesofftheroadandhandsoffthewheelwhileusingthesystems.Thetest

driverstouchscreensandothertechnologiestomakecalls,sendtexts,turnontheradio,orprogram

navigationallwhiledriving.

Researcherssaid23ofthe30carswereconsidered“veryhigh""high”intermsoftheattention

theyrequiredfromdrivers.Ittakesdriversabout40secondstoprogramnavigationsystems.Research

madebeforehasshownthatdriverswhotooktheireyesfromtheroadforjusttwosecondsdoubletheir

riskofacrash.

In2012,theNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministrationmadevoluntarysafetyguidelinesto

carmakers.Theguidelinessuggestthatautomakerslockouttheabilitytoprogramnavigationsystems

whileacarismoving.However,theabilitytoprogramnavigationwhiledrivingwasallowedin12carsin

thestudy.Theguidelinesalsosuggestcarmakerspreventdriversfromtextingwhiledriving,but

three-quartersofthecarstestedallowdriverstotextwhilethecarismoving.

4.WhatdidDavidStrayerfeelaboutthesystems?

A.Interested.B.Excited.

C.Worried.D.Dissatisfied.

5.WhatdidWadeNewtonsayaboutthesystems?

A.Theyweregoodchoicesfordrivers.

B.Theycouldn'tbeusedwhiledriving.

C.Theywereunacceptabletothepublic.

D.Theyweremainlyusedfornavigation.

6.WhatmayagreewithJakeNelsonsideaaboutthesystems?

A.Theywereriskybutworthwhile.

B.Theywerequickandeasytouse.

C.Theysaveddriversalotoftime.

D.Theyincreasedtheriskofaccidents.

7.Whatcanweinferaboutvoluntarysafetyguidelines?

A.Theyarequitewelcome.

B.Theyarenotproperlymade.

C.Theyarenotstrictlyfollowed.

D.Theyareveryhelpfultodrivers.

（三）

Ipassedmydrivingtestatthefourthattempt.YoumightthinkthatmeansI'mnotassafeas

someonewhopassedontheirfirstattempt.Butwouldyoufeelsaferwithnodriveratall?Maybenot,

andthafswhyautomotivefirmshaveincludeddriver-assistfunctionsintheirdriverlesscars.Thisallows

thehumandrivertotakeoverifthereisaproblem.

Googleisoneproducerthathasprototype（原型）driverlesscars.Thesecarshavebeennewly

equippedwithauto-steeringwheelsandconventionalcontrolstoallownormaldriving.Butthisisjusta

stage—thevisionistohavefullyautomatedcarsverysoon.ThedirectorofGoogle'sself-driveproject,

ChrisUrmson,hopeshis11-year-oldsonwillneverhavetotakeadrivingtest.Toachievethat,the

carsneedtobeontheroadsinfiveyears.Hesaysdriverlesscarswillgreatlyreduceaccidentsand

trafficjams.

AccordingtoChris,about1.2millionpeoplearekilledontheroadsaroundtheworldeachyear.

Thatnumberisequaltoajetfallingoutoftheskyeveryday.Hethinksgradualchangestoexistingcar

designsarenotenoughtodealwiththeproblems.Hlfwearereallygoingtomakechangestoourcities,

getridofparkinglots,weneedself-drivecars,"hesays.

Google'sprototypeshavecoveredoveramillionkilometersontheroad.Theyhavealsohadtodeal

withunexpectedsituations,suchasachilddrivingatoycarintheroad,andawomaninanelectric

wheelchairchasingaduck.Ineachcase,thecarreactedsafely.

Somearenotconvinced.SvenBeikerofStanfordUniversitythinksdriverlesscarswillstillneed

humaninputinextremecircumstances.

1.WhatistheauthorschiefconcernaboutdriverlesscarsaccordingtoParagraph1?

A.Theprice.B.Thesafety.

C.Thefunctions.D.Theappearance.

2.WhydidChrisUrmsonmentionhis11-year-oldson?

A.Toshowhissonisaslowlearnerindriving.

B.Tosaydriverlesscarswillcomesoon.

C.Tosaytraditionalcarsmayharmkids.

D.Toshowhissonisbadatdriving.

3.WhatisChrisUrmsonscommentonself-drivecars?

A.Theyaresaferthanajetplane.

B.Theyshouldchangegradually.

C.Theycancompletelychangeourcities.

D.Theycansolvemanyexistingtrafficproblems.

4.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Drivingtestswillbeeasiertopassinthenearfuture.

B.Google'sprototypeswillbetestedontheroadssoon.

C.Self-drivecarsarenotdesignedforchildrenorwomen.

D.Concernsremainaboutthereliabilityofself-drivecars.

二、选词填空

用