初中定语从句

中考专题：定语从句一、定语从句（一）：1.定语从句的概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。3.关系词：引导定语从句的连词叫关系词。如that、which、who、whom、whose、where、when等。4.由that、which、who、whom、whose引导的定语从句。关系词指代在定语从句中的作用that既指人也指物作主语、宾语which指物作主语、宾语who指人作主语whom指人作宾语whose既指人也指物作定语二、关系代词引导的定语从句（二）1.who指人，在从句中做主语

(1)现在正在操场上打篮球的男孩们是来自一班的。

(2)昨天我帮助了一个迷路的老人。

2.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。

(1)Mr.liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.

(2)Mr.lingisjusttheboywhomiwanttosee.

(3)themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.

3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略

(1)footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.

(2)thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.

4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。

(1)thenumberofthepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityeachyearrisesonemillion.

(2)whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?

5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语

(1)hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.

(2)Ioncelivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.

whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替

(1)theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.

(2)theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.

(3)Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?

(4)Doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow?

四、注意事项：1.关系词在定语从句中作宾语时，常可省略。Thestory_____hetoldwasverypopular.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD./2.that、who、which在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词应与先行词保持一致。Ilovessingerswho_______(write)theirownsongs.Sheisoneofthegirlswho______(study)hard.3.在定语从句中不能出现代替先行词的人称代词。Willyoupleaseshowmethebook______yesterday?A.whichyouboughtB.thatyouboughtitC.youboughtD.youboughtit4.定语从句中whose的确定：无论先行词是人或物，在定语从句中做定语用whose。判断：看定语从句的主语前有无限定词（my、your、Jim’s等），若没有，则用whose。Thegirl_____parentsworkinBeijingisKate.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.thatIknowtheboy.Hishandwritingisverygood.=Iknowtheboy____handwritingisverygood.四．关系副词引导的定语从句

1.when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语

(1)IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheschool.

(2)Thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallycame.

2.where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语

(1)Shanghaiisthecitywhereiwasborn.

(2)ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.

3.why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语

(1)pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.

(2)Idon'tknowthereasonwhyhelooksunhappytoday.

即时训练1.(2004年哈尔滨中考试题)

---Doestheteacherknoweverybody_______plantedthetrees?

---Yes,hedoes.

A.which

B.whose

C.where

D.who

2.(2004年常州市中考试题)

Theletter_______Ireceivedfromhimyesterdayisveryimportant.

A.who

B.where

C.what

D.that3.(2004年扬州市中考试题)

---Whereisthescientist________gaveusthetalkyesterday?

---HehasgonebacktoQinghuaUniversity.

A.whom

B.who

C.whose

D.which

4.(2004年益阳市中考试题)

Ihatepeople_______talkmuchbutdolittle.

A.whose

B.whom

C.which

D.Who过手训练---Whoistheman_______wastalkingtoourEnglishteacher?

---Oh!It’sMrBaker,ourmathsteacher.

A.he

B.that

C.whom

D.which

2.Ihatethepeople________don’thelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.

A.who

B.which

C.they

D.where

3.Theforeigner_________visitedourschoolisfromCanada.

A.which

B.when

C.who

D.whom

4.Thisistheplace

_____Ihaveevervisited.

A.there

B.when

C.where

D.which

5.Nobodyknowsthereason______shedidn’tcometothemeeting.

A.that

B.which

C.why

D.when

6.Themoonisaworld______thereisnolife.

A.that

B.which

C.where

D.why

7.Hehasforgottentheday_______hearrived.

A.when

B.where

C.that

D.which

8.Mr.White,______carhadbeenstolen,cametothepoliceman.

A.who

B.that

C.whose

D.which

9.Thisisthehouse_______Iwanttobuy.

A.inwhich

B.that

C.whose

D.where

10.Thisisthehouse_______ourbelovedPremierZhouoncelivedandworked.

A.which

B.that

C.when

D.where

11.Hedidn’ttellmetheplace_______hewasborn.

A.that

B.which

C.when

D.where

12.Helivedinasmallvillage,______wasalongwayfromtherailwaystation.

A.that

B.which

C.where

D.when

二.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空

1.Thehouse_______weliveinisverybig.

2.Theboy______iswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.

3.Thisisthepresent_____hegavemeformybirthday.

4.Theman_______talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.

5.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools_______hehadvisited.

6.Thereisnothingintheworld_______canfrightenhim.

7.Shewearsagoldring,_______isveryuncommoninourclass.

8.Wevisitedafactory_______makestoysforchildren.

9.Isthistheplace_______yourfatheroncelived?

10.I’llneverforgetthedays_______IjoinedtheLeague.单项选择【2011广西南宁市】1.Mygrandparentsliketoliveinahouse_______isnotverybigbutbrightandcomfortable.A.thatB.whoC.whatD.whose【2011贵州贵阳】2.MarySmithsaysshelikestohavefriends_________aredifferentfromher.A.whoseB.whichC.who【2011湖南湘西】3.Doyouknowthegirl_________issingingintheclassroom?A.whenB.whoC.which【2011湖南岳阳中考】4.Ican’tforgetthetimetheearthquakehappenedinYushu.A.whenB.whichC.where【2011山东滨州】5.Ihatepeople_________don’thelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.A.who B.which C.whoseD.where【浙江湖州】6.—Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike?—Ilikethemovies____areaboutChinesehistory.A.whoB.whom C.whose D.that【2011浙江衢州】7.Thephotossuccessfullyshowtherichculture______makesBeijingsofamous.A.whatB.whichC.whoD.why【2011四川内江】8.I'mgoingtostartaclubtohelpstudents_____arenotinterestedinschoolwork.A.whoseB.whoC.whom【2011•株洲】9.Ginalovessingers_______writetheirownmusic.A.whichB.whoC.hasworked【2011•广州】10.Thestory______Ireadthenewspaperwasaboutacommonproblemamongteenagers.whoseB.whoC.thatD.where【2011湖北十堰】11.I’vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool__________ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear. A.who B.where C.when D.which【2011肇庆】12.PeoplefromdifferentplacescometovisitZhaoqing______isfamousforitsbeautifulmountainsandlakes.A.whatB.whichC.who【2011湖南长沙】13.---Whatareyoulookingfor?---I’mlookingforthebook________youlentmeyesterday.A.thatB.whoC.whose【2011广东】14.Thefirstthing_____mybrotherisgoingtodothisafternoonistowritealetter. A.which B.that C.why D.who【2011本溪】15.Heisaperson______iseasytogetalongwith.A.who B.which C.whom D.what【2011山东菏泽】16.I’llneverforgettheday_____thegreatscientistcametoourschoolandgaveusaspeech.A.that B.which C.when D.where【2011湖南株洲】17.Peopleoftenlikeclothes______canmakethemlookyoung. A.when B.who C.that【2012贵州贵阳】18.“Whatdoyouthinkoftheschooluniforms?”“Verygood.Ilikeclothes______makemefeelcomfortable.”A.thatB.whatC.who【2012贵州贵阳】19.“Whatdoyouthinkoftheschooluniforms?”“Verygood.Ilikeclothes______makemefeelcomfortable.”A.thatB.whatC.who【2012广东】20.Therewillbeaflowershowinthepark wevisitedlastweek.A.who B.when C.what D.Which【2012广西玉林】21.—Nowmanypeoplesmokeandgetill.—Soweshoulddosomething______canhelpstopsmoking.A.whatB.whoC./D.that【2012湖北黄石】22.Istillrememberthetime_____wespenttogetheratXisaiMountainlastyear.A.whenB.whatC.whoD.which【2012广东省】23.Mr.Smith__________issmokingislookingfor________shelostyesterday.A.whom;whichB.who;whatC.that;whoD.which;where【2012山东滨州】24.—Whatareyoulookingfor?—I'mlookingforthering______myhusbandboughtmelastyear.A.thatB.who C.whom D.it【2012山东泰安】25.Ihatepeople______