哮喘相关英文词汇

医学英文词汇小结-RES2ASTHMA相关英文词汇小结1.NationalAsthmaEducationandPreventionProgram(NAEPP)国家哮喘教育防治项目2.Susceptibleindividuals易感人群3.Recurrentepisodesofwheezing,breathlessness,chesttightness,andcoughing反复发作的喘息、气短、胸痛、咳嗽4.airflowobstruction气道阻塞5.reversibleeitherspontaneouslyorwithtreatment可自愈或治疗后可逆6.bronchialhyperresponsiveness(BHR)支气管高反应性7.avariabledegree不同程度的8.hypersecretion分泌增高9.bronchospasm支气管痉挛10.Inhaledallergen吸入过敏原11.anearly-phaseallergicreaction早期过敏反应12.allergenspecificimmunoglobulinE(IgE)antibodies抗原特异性IgE抗体13.rapidactivationofairwaymastcellsandmacrophages,气道肥大细胞巨噬细胞迅速激活14.proinflammatorymediators促炎因子15.histamine组胺17.eicosanoids类花生酸类物质18.contractionofairwaysmoothmuscle气道平滑肌收缩19.mucussecretion粘液分泌20.vasodilation血管舒张21.exudationofplasma血浆渗出22.adiabetogeniclifestyle(excessivecalories,inadequateexercise,andobesity)易导致糖尿病的生活方式（能量过度摄入、锻炼不足、肥胖）23.engorged充满的24.edematousairwaywall气道壁水肿25.airwaylumen气道腔26.reducedmucusclearance粘液清除减少27.late-phaseinflammatoryreaction迟发炎症反应28.allergenprovocation过敏原激发29.recruitmentandactivationofeosinophils,Tlymphocytes,basophils,neutrophils,andmacrophages嗜酸性粒细胞，T淋巴细胞，碱性粒细胞，中性粒细胞，巨噬细胞招募和激活30.inflammatorymediators(leukotrienesandgranuleproteins)炎性因子（白三烯和颗粒蛋白）31.type2T-helpercellsTH2淋巴细胞32.interleukin[IL]-4,IL-5,andIL-13白介素-4,-5，-1333.type1T-helper(TH1)cellsTH1淋巴细胞34.IL-2andinterferon-γ白介素-2和干扰素γ35.Mastcelldegranulation肥大细胞脱颗粒36.chemotacticfactors趋化因子37.leukotrienesC4,D4,andE4白三烯C4，D4,E438.prostaglandins前列腺素39.platelet-activatingfactor(PAF)血小板激活因子40.Alveolarmacrophages肺泡巨噬细胞41.furtherstheinflammatoryprocess加剧炎性过程42.5-lipoxygenasepathwayofarachidonicacidmetabolism花生四烯酸代谢的5-脂氧酶途径43.peptidases多肽酶44.matrixproteins基质蛋白45.cytokines细胞因子46.nitricoxideNO46.Epithelialshedding表皮脱落47.heightenedairwayresponsiveness气道高反应性48.alteredpermeabilityoftheairwaymucosa气道粘膜通透性改变49.depletionofepithelial-derivedrelaxantfactors表皮来源舒张因子的减少50.sloughingofepithelialcellsintotheairwaylumen表皮细胞脱落至气道腔内51.impairmucociliarytransport影响纤毛运输137.aerosolizedβ2-agonists雾化的β2受体激活剂138.nocturnalasthma夜间哮喘发作136.anindicatorofinadequateanti-inflammatorytreatment.预示着抗炎治疗不足137.Corticosteroids糖皮质激素138.increasethenumberofβ2-adrenergicreceptors增加β2受体数量139.improvereceptorresponsivenesstoβ2-adrenergicstimulation增加β2受体对激活剂的反应性140.reducemucusproduction/hypersecretion减少粘液生成或分泌增加141.reduceBHR（bronchialhyperresponsiveness）降低支气管高反应性142.reduceairwayedemaandexudation降低气道水肿与渗出143.checkadherence考察患者的依从性144.Intermittentasthma哮喘间断发作145.Persistentasthma哮喘持续发作146.Intensityoftreatmentdependsonseverityofsymptoms根据症状的严重程度决定治疗方案强度147.Stepwiseapproach(Stepup,Stepdown)阶梯治疗（上调、下调）148.Isoproterenol异丙肾上腺素149.Pirbuterol吡布特罗150.Terbutaline特布他林151.Comparativedoses等效剂量152.once-dailydosingindications每日一次给药的适应症153.tapereddown逐渐下调剂量154.maximumimprovement症状的最大改善155.dose-dependent剂量依赖的156.oropharyngealcandidiasis口腔念珠菌病157.dysphonia失声、发音苦难158.spacerdevice储雾罐159.enhancelungdelivery提高肺部药物分布160.Prednisone泼尼松161.shortburst短期冲击疗法162.maintainthepatientonappropriatelong-termcontroltherapywithinhaledcorticosteroids给予患者长期吸入糖皮质激素以控制症状163.alternate-daytherapy隔日给药方案164.Levalbuterol左旋沙丁胺醇165.beclomethasonedipropionate二丙酸倍氯米松166.Budesonide布地奈德167.Ciclesonide环索米松168.Methylxanthines甲基黄嘌呤169.Theophylline茶碱170.bronchodilation支气管扩张171.nonselectivephosphodiesteraseinhibition非选择性磷酸二酯酶抑制172.areineffectivebyaerosol吸入无效173.ethylenediamin乙二胺174.aminophylline氨茶碱175.susceptibletoinductionandinhibition由诱导和抑制影响176.largeinterpatientvariability个体差异巨大177.steady-staterange稳态浓度范围178.monitoringschedules监测方案179.tachycardia心动过速180.jitteriness神经过敏181.cardiactachyarrhythmias快速心律失常182.seizures癫痫发作183.durationofaction作用持续时间184.leukotrieneantagonists白三烯抑制剂185.Ipratropiumbromide异丙托溴铵186.tiotropiumbromide噻托溴铵187.muscarinicreceptorsM胆碱受体188.cholinergic-mediatedbronchoconstriction胆碱能街道的支气管收缩189.MastCellStabilizers肥大细胞稳定剂190.Cromolynsodium色甘酸钠191.availableasametered-doseinhalerandnebulizersolution有MDI和供雾化吸入两种剂型192.prophylaxis预防性治疗193.regardlessofetiology无论病因194.achievemaximumbenefit取得最大获益195.LeukotrieneModifiers白三烯调节剂196.Zafirlukast扎鲁司特(Accolate®)197.montelukast孟鲁斯特(Singulair®)198.reducetheproinflammatoryeffect减轻促炎效应200.leukotrieneD4白三烯D4201.takenonaregularbasis常规使用202.symptom-freeperiods无症状期203.withoutregardtofood与食物无关204.chewabletablet咀嚼片205.idiosyncraticsyndrome特发症状206.Churg–StrausssyndromeChurg–Strauss综合征207.eosinophilicvasculitis嗜酸性粒细胞血管炎208.Zileuton齐留通(Zyflo®)209.CombinationControllerTherapy混合制剂疗法210.budesonideandformoterol(Symbicort®)布地奈德联合福莫特罗（信必可都保®）AZ211.fluticasonepropionateandsalmeterol氟替卡松联合沙美特罗（Advair®)葛兰素212.varieddosesoftheinhaledcorticosteroidwithafixeddoseofthelong-actingβ2agonist固定剂量的长效β2受体激动剂联合不同剂量的吸入激素213.Theadditionofalong-actingβ2agonistallowsa50%reductionininhaledcorticosteroiddosage.加入长效β2受体激动剂可降低吸入激素剂量至50%214.Omalizumab(Xolair®)奥马珠单抗（索雷尔®）Roche215.anti-IgEantibody抗IGE抗体216.baselinetotalserumIgE基线血清总IgE217.a0.2%incidenceofanaphylaxis过敏性反应（严重）发生率0.2%218.occurredupto24hoursafterinjection可以在注射后24小时后发生219.interferencewithnormalactivities影响正常生活220.Validatedquestionnaires公认的问卷221.AsthmaThera