医疗行业专业术语知识

一、常用系统（1）HIS（医院信息系统）

HIS全称HospitalInformationSystem。

HIS是覆盖医院所有业务和业务全过程的信息管理系统。利用电子计算机和通讯设备，为医院所属各部门提供病人诊疗信息和行政管理信息的收集、存储、处理、提取和数据交换的能力并满足授权用户的功能需求的平台。

（2）LIS（检验信息系统）

LIS全称LaboratoryInformationManagementSystem。

LIS是专为医院检验科设计的一套实验室信息管理系统，能将实验仪器与计算机组成网络，使病人样品登录、实验数据存取、报告审核、打印分发，实验数据统计分析等繁杂的操作过程实现了智能化、自动化和规范化管理。3.PACS（影像归档和通信系统）

（3）PACS(图片影像系统)

全称PictureArchivingandCommunicationSystems。

它是应用在医院影像科室的系统，主要的任务就是把日常产生的各种医学影像（包括核磁，CT，超声，X光机，红外仪、显微仪等设备产生的图像）通过各种接口（模拟，DICOM，网络）以数字化的方式海量保存起来，当需要的时候在一定的授权下能够很快的调回使用，同时增加一些辅助诊断管理功能。它在各种影像设备间传输数据和组织存储数据具有重要作用。

（4）RIS（放射科信息系统）

RIS全称RadiologyInformationSystem。

它是医院重要的医学影像信息系统之一，它与PACS系统共同构成医学影像学的信息化环境。放射科信息系统是基于医院影像科室工作流程的任务执行过程管理的计算机信息系统，主要实现医学影像学检验工作流程的计算机网络化控制、管理和医学图文信息的共享，并在此基础上实现远程医疗。5.CIS（临床信息系统）

（5）CIS(临床信息系统)

全称ClinicalInformationSystem。

它是支持医院医护人员的临床活动，收集和处理病人的临床医疗信息，丰富和积累临床医学知识，并提供临床咨询、辅助诊疗、辅助临床决策，提高医护人员的工作效率，为病人提供更多、更快、更好的服务。像医嘱处理系统、病人床边系统、医生工作站系统、实验室系统、药物咨询系统等就属于CIS范围。临床信息系统CIS相对于医院信息系统HIS而言，是两个不同的概念。HIS是面向医院管理的，是以医院的人、财、物为中心，以重复性的事物处理为基本管理单元，以医院各级管理人员为服务对象，以实现医院信息化管理、提高医院管理效益为目的。而CIS是面向临床医疗管理的，是以病人为中心，以基予医学知识的医疗过程处理为基本管理单元，以医院的医务人员为服务对象，以提高医疗质量、实现医院最大效益为目的。

（6）PIS（病理系统）

全称PathologyInformationSystem

（7）PEIS(体检信息系统)

全称PhysicalExaminationInformationSystem。X-rayMammaryMachine乳腺X线机highprecisionStereotaxic高精度脑立体定向仪portableType-Bultrasonic便携式B超needledestroyer针头销毁器automaticpacker自动纸塑包装机SterilizationandDisinfectionEquipment消毒灭菌设备Radiotherapeuticequipment.放射疗法设备pharmaceuticalequipments.制药设备horizontalpressurizedsteamsterilizer普通卧式压力蒸汽灭菌器medicalelectroniclinearaccelerator医用电子直线加速器highfrequencyX-raysdiagnosticmachine高频X射线诊断机simulatedpositioner模拟定位机disposablesterileinjector一次性无菌注射针injectionset注射器disposablevenousinfusionneedle一次性静脉输液针disposableinfusionset一次性使用输液器bloodtransfusionset输血器infusionbag液袋urinedrainagebag集尿袋bloodbag血袋medicalcatheter医用导管stainlesssteelneedle不锈钢医用针管highfrequencymobileX-raysmachine高频移动X射线机UrineAnalyzer尿液分析仪bloodsugar(glucose)analyzer血糖分析仪UltrasonicColorDopplerDiagnosticsystem彩色超声多普勒诊断系统MobileCTsystem移动CT系统PermanentMagnetOpenMagneticResonancesystem永磁开放式磁共振系统123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051四、常见手术名称GeneralSugery普外appendectomy(appendicectomy)阑尾切除术cholecystectmy胆囊切除术cholecystostomy胆囊造口术drainageoftheabscess脓肿引流enterostomy肠造口术exploratorylaparotomy开腹探查术gastrectomy胃切除术gastroduodenostomy胃十二指肠吻合术hemorrhoidectomy痔切除术hepaticotomy肝管切开术hepatectomy肝切除术herniorrhaphy疝修补术ligationofloweroesophagealveins低位食管静脉结扎pancreatectomy胰切除术portalvenacavaanastomosis门腔静脉吻合术pyloroplasty幽门成形术mastectomy乳房切除术splenectomy脾切除术thyroidectomy甲状腺切除术thyroidlobectomy甲状腺叶切除术vagotomy迷走神经切断术Orthopedics骨科amputation截肢arthrodesis关节固定术curettageifbonetumor骨瘤刮除术excisionofbonetumor骨瘤切除术externalfixation外固定fasciotomy筋膜切开术freeskingraft自由皮瓣移植internalfixation内固定plastercast石膏管形plastersplintage石膏夹板固定prostheticreplacementforjoint人工关节置换术reductionoffracture骨折复位reductionofjointdislocation关节脱位复位repairifligament韧带修补replantationifdigit断指再植skeletaltraction骨牵引tenorrhaphy腱缝合术ThoracicSurgery胸外科aortocoronarybypass主动脉冠状动脉分流closeddrainageofpleuralcavity胸腔闭式引流completeintracardiacrepairofFallot’sTetralogy法洛完全修复术dilationofaorticvalularstenosis主动脉瓣狭窄扩张术exploratorythoracotomy开胸探查hearttransplantation心脏移植heartvalvereplacement心脏瓣膜置换术ligationofpatentductusarteriosis动脉导管未闭结扎术lobectomyoflungs肺叶切除localexcisionoftumoroflungs肺肿瘤局部切除术parialesophagectomyandreconstructionofesophagus食管部分切除、重建repairofauricularseptaldefect房间隔缺损修补术repairifventricularseptaldefect室间隔缺损修补术repairifvalvularinsufficiency瓣膜闭锁不全的修补pericardiectomy心包切除术peicardiotomy心包切开术pulmonaryembolectomy肺动脉栓子切除术resectionofarterialaneurysm动脉瘤切除术Urology泌尿科cystoplasty膀胱成形术cystostomy膀胱造口术nephrectomy肾切除术nephrostomy肾造口术nephrolithotomy肾石切除术orchiectomy睾丸切除术prostatectomy前列腺切除术renalbiopsy肾活检renaltransplantation肾移植urethra-lithotomy输尿管结石切除urethroplasty尿道成形术vasoligation输精管结扎术Neurosurgery神经外科decompression减压术excisionofbraintumor脑瘤切除术exploratorycraniotomy开颅探查术lobectomy（脑）叶切除术removedofintracranialhematoma颅内血肿清除术repairofduradefect硬脑膜缺损修补术Dentistry牙科dentalprosthetics镶牙filling牙填充orthodontictreatment牙矫正术periodontaltreatment牙周治疗toothextraction拔牙Gynecology&Obstetrics妇产科amniocentesis羊膜穿刺术cervicectomy子宫颈切除术cesareansection剖宫产术剖腹产culdocentesis后穹隆穿刺术dilatationofthecervix宫颈扩张术excisionofBartholincyst巴氏腺囊肿切除术hysterectomy子宫切除术inductionoflabor引产术ovariancystectomy助产术oophorectomy卵巢切除术salpingectomy输卵管切除术sterilization绝育术uterinecuretlage刮宫术vulvectomy外阴切除术Ophthalmology&Otorhinolaryngology五官科aspirationofcataract白内障吸出术closedreductionofnasalbone鼻骨闭合复位cornealgrafting角膜移植enucleationofeyeball眼球摘除术excisionofturbinates鼻甲切除术extractionofintra-ocularforeignbody眼内异物摘除laryngectomyandlaryngostomy喉切除术和喉造口术lensextraction晶体摘除mastoidectomy乳突切开术myringotomy鼓膜切开术myringoplasty鼓膜成形术nasalpolypectomy鼻息肉切除术septoplasty（鼻）中隔成形术sinusotomy鼻窦切开术submuscousresectionofnasalseptum鼻中隔粘膜下切除术tonsillectomy扁桃体切除术123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118五、常见疾病名称InternalMedicine内科Acidosis酸中毒Adams-Stokessyndrome亚－斯氏综合症alcoholism,alcoholicintoxication酒精中毒alkalosis碱中毒anaphylaxis过敏症anemia贫血irondeficiencyanemia缺铁性贫血megaloblasticanemia巨幼红细胞性贫血aplasticanemia再生障碍性贫血angiitis脉管炎anginapectoris心绞痛arteriosclerosis动脉硬化apoplexy中风auricularfibrillation心房纤颤auriculo-ventricularblock房室传导阻滞bronchialasthma支气管哮喘bronchitis支气管炎bronchiectasis支气管扩张bronchopneumonia支气管肺炎carcinoma癌cardiacarrhythmia心律紊乱cardiacfailure心力衰竭cardiomyopathy心肌病cirrhosis肝硬化coronaryarterioscleroticheartdisease冠状动脉硬化性心脏病Crohndisease克罗恩病Cushing’ssyndrome库欣综合症diabetes糖尿病diffuseintravascularcoagulation弥散性血管凝血dysentery痢疾enteritis肠炎gastriculcer胃溃疡gastritis胃炎gout痛风hepatitis肝炎Hodgkin’sdisease霍奇金病hyperlipemia高脂血症，血脂过多hyperparathyroidism甲状旁腺功能亢进hypersplenism脾功能亢进hypertension高血压hyperthyroidism甲状腺功能亢进hypoglycemia低血糖hypothyroidism甲状腺功能减退infectiveendocarditis感染性心内膜炎influenza流感leukemia白血病lobarpneumonia大叶性肺炎lymphadenitis淋巴结炎lymphoma淋巴瘤malaria疟疾malnutrition营养不良measles麻疹myeloma骨髓瘤myocardialinfarction心肌梗死myocarditis心肌炎nephritis肾炎nephriticsyndrome肾综合症obstructivepulmonaryemphysema阻塞性肺气肿pancreatitis胰腺炎pepticulcer消化性溃疡peritonitis腹膜炎pleuritis胸膜炎pneumonia肺炎pneumothorax气胸purpura紫癜allergicpurpura过敏性紫癜thrombocytolyticpurpura血小板减少性紫癜pyelonephritis肾盂肾炎renalfailure肾功能衰竭rheumaticfever风湿病rheumatoidarthritis类风湿性关节炎scarletfever猩红热septicemia败血症syphilis梅毒tachycardia心动过速tumour肿瘤typhoid伤寒ulcerativecolitis溃疡性结肠炎uppergastrointestinalhemorrhage上消化道血Neurology神经科brainabscess脑脓肿cerebralembolism脑栓塞cerebralinfarction脑梗死cerebralthrombosis脑血栓cerebralhemorrhage脑出血concussionofbrain脑震荡craniocerebralinjury颅脑损伤epilepsy癫痫intracranialtumour颅内肿瘤intracranialhematoma颅内血肿meningitis脑膜炎migraine偏头痛neurasthenia神经衰弱neurosis神经官能症paranoidpsychosis偏执性精神病Parkinson’sdisease帕金森综合症psychosis精神病schizophrenia精神分裂症Surgery外科abdominalexternalhernia腹外疝acutediffuseperitonitis急性弥漫性腹膜炎acutemastitis急性乳腺炎acutepancreatitis急性胰腺炎acuteperforationofgastro-duodenalulcer急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔acutepyelonephritis急性肾盂肾炎analfissure肛裂analfistula肛瘘anesthesia麻醉angioma血管瘤appendicitis阑尾炎bleedingofgastro-duodenalulcer胃十二指肠溃疡出血bonetumour骨肿瘤breastadenoma乳房腺瘤burn烧伤cancerofbreast乳腺癌carbuncle痈carcinomaofcolon结肠炎carcinomaofesophagus食管癌carcinomaofgallbladder胆囊癌carcinomaofrectum直肠癌carcinomaofstomach胃癌cholecystitis胆囊炎cervicalspondylosis颈椎病choledochitis胆管炎cholelithiasis胆石症chondroma软骨瘤dislocationofjoint关节脱位erysipelas丹毒fracture骨折furuncle疖hemorrhoid痔hemothorax血胸hypertrophyofprostate前列腺肥大intestinalobstruction肠梗阻intestinaltuberculosis肠结核lipoma脂肪瘤lithangiuria尿路结石liverabscess肝脓肿melanoma黑色素瘤osseoustuberculosis骨结核osteoclastoma骨巨细胞瘤osteoporosis骨质疏松症osteosarcoma骨质疏松症osteosarcoma骨肉瘤Paget’sdisease佩吉特病perianorecrtalabscess肛管直肠周围脓肿phlegmon蜂窝织炎portalhypertension门静脉高压prostatitis前列腺炎protrusionofintervertebraldisc椎间盘突出purulentarthritis化脓性关节炎pyogenicostcomyclitis化脓性骨髓炎pyothorax脓胸rectalpolyp直肠息肉rheumatoidarthritis类风湿性关节炎ruptureofspleen脾破裂scapulohumeralperiarthritis肩周炎tenosynovitis腱鞘炎tetanus破伤风thromboangiitis血栓性脉管炎thyroidadenocarcinoma甲状腺腺癌thyroidadenoma甲状腺腺瘤trauma创伤urinaryinfection泌尿系感染varicoseveinoflowerlimb下肢静脉曲张Paediatrics儿科acutemilitarytuberculosisofthelung急性粟粒性肺结核acutenecroticenteritis急性坏死性结肠炎anaphylacticpurpura过敏性紫癜ancylostomiasis钩虫病ascariasis蛔虫病asphyxiaofthenewborn新生儿窒息atrialseptaldefect房间隔缺损birthinjury产伤cephalhematoma头颅血肿cerebralpalsy脑性瘫痪congenitaltorticollis先天性斜颈convulsion惊厥Down’ssyndrome唐氏综合症glomerulonephritis肾小球肾炎hemophilia血友病infantilediarrhea婴儿腹泻intracranialhemorrhageofthenewborn新生儿颅内出血intussusception肠套叠necroticenterocolitisofnewborn新生儿坏死性小肠结膜炎neonataljaundice新生儿黄疸nutritionalirondeficiencyanemia营养性缺铁性贫血nutritionalmegaloblasticanemia营养性巨幼细胞性贫血patentductusarteriosis动脉导管未闭poliomyelitis骨髓灰质炎prematureinfant早产儿primarytuberculosis原发性肺结核progressivemusculardystrophy进行性肌肉营养不良pulmonarystenosis肺动脉狭窄purulentmeningitis化脓性脑膜炎rickets佝偻病sepsisofthenewborn新生儿败血症tetanusofthenewborn新生儿破伤风tetralogyofFallot法洛四联症thrush鹅口疮，真菌性口炎varicella水痘ventricularseptaldefect室间隔缺损viralencephalitis病毒性脑炎viralmyocarditis病毒性心肌炎GynecologyandObstetrics妇，产科abortion流产adenomyosis子宫内膜异位症amnioticfluidembolism羊水栓塞Bartholin’scyst巴氏腺囊肿carcinomaofcervix子宫颈癌carcinomaofendometrium子宫内膜癌carcinomaofovary卵巢癌cervicitis宫颈炎chorio-epithelioma绒毛膜上皮癌corporaluteumcyst黄体囊肿dystocia难产eclampsia子痫edema-proteinuria-hypertensionsyndrome水肿蛋白尿高血压综合征（妊娠高血压综合征）endometriosis子宫内膜异位症extrauterinepregnancy子宫外孕hydatidiformmole葡萄胎hyperemesisgravidarum妊娠剧吐infertility不育症irregularmenstruation月经失调lochia恶露monilialvaginitis念珠菌性阴道炎multiplepregnancy多胎妊娠myomaofuterus子宫肿瘤oligohydramnios羊水过少ovariantumour卵巢肿瘤pelvicinflammatorydisease盆腔炎placentaprevia前置胎盘placentalabruption胎盘早期剥离pregnancy-hypertensionsyndrome妊娠高血压综合症prematurebirth早产prematureruptureofmembrane胎膜早破postpartumhemorrhage产后出血puerperalinfection产褥感染ruptureofuterus子宫破裂trichomonasvaginitis滴虫性阴道炎uteroplacentalapoplexy子宫胎盘卒中vulvitis外阴炎OphthalmologyandOtorhinolaryngology五官科amblyopia弱视amygdalitis,tonsillitis扁桃体炎astigmatism散光carcinomaofnasopharynx鼻咽癌carcinomaoflarynx喉癌cataract白内障tinnitus耳鸣chalazion霰粒肿，脸板腺囊肿colourblindness色盲deflectionofnasalseptum鼻中隔偏曲deafness聋furuncleofnasalvestibule鼻前庭疖glaucoma青光眼heterotropia斜视hyperopia远视injuryofcornea角膜损伤ceruminalimpaction耵聍嵌塞iritis虹膜炎keratitis角膜炎labyrinthitis迷路炎，内耳炎laryngitis喉炎mastoiditis乳突炎myopia近视nasalsinusitis鼻窦炎otitismedia中耳炎obstructionoflarynx喉梗阻peritonsillarabscess扁桃体中脓肿pharyngitis咽炎rhinitis鼻炎Dermatoloty皮科acne痤疮carcinomaofskin皮肤癌bedsore褥疮decubitusulcer褥疮性溃疡drugeruption药皮疹eczema湿疹herpessimplex单纯疱疹herpeszoster带状疱疹lupuserythematosis红斑狼疮psoriasis牛皮癣urticaria荨麻疹123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227228229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243244245246247248249250251252253254255256257258259260261262263264265266267268269270271272273274275276277278279280281282283284285286287六、医院部门及科室名称out-patientdepartment门诊部In-patientdepartment住院部Nursingdepartment护理部Admissionoffice住院处Dischargeoffice出院处Registrationoffice挂号处Receptionroom,waitingroom侯诊室Consultationroom诊察室Isolationroom隔离室Deliveryroom分娩室Emergencyroom急诊室Ward病房室Departmentofinternalmedicine内科Departmentofsurgery外科Departmentofpediatrics儿科Departmentofobstetricsandgynecology妇科Departmentofneurology神经科Departmentofophtalmology眼科E.N.T.department耳鼻喉科Departmentofstomatology口腔科Departmentofurology泌尿科Departmentoforthopedic骨科Departmentoftraumatology创伤科Departmentofendocrinology内分泌科Departmentofanesthesiology麻醉科Departmentofdermatology皮肤科Departmentofinfectiousdiseases传染病科Departmentofpathology病理科Departmentofpsychiatry精神科Departmentoforthopacdicsurgery矫形外科Departmentofcardiacsurgery心脏外科Departmentofcerebralsurgery脑外科Departmentofthoracicsurgery胸外科Pharmacydispensary药房Nutritiondepartment营养部Diet-preparationdepartment配膳室Therapeuticdepartment治疗室Operatingroom/Theater手术室Blood-bank血站Supply-room供应室Disinfection-room消毒室Dressingroom换药室Mortuary太平间Recordroom病案室Departmentofplasticsurgery矫形外科Departmentofphysiotherapy理疗科electrotherapyroom电疗科heliotherapyroom光疗科wax-therapyroom蜡疗科hydrotherapyroom水疗科centrallaboratory中心实验室clinicallaboratory临床实验室bacteriologicallaboratory细菌实验室biochemicallaboratory生化实验室serologicallaboratory血清实验室X-rayroomX光室doctor’soffice医生办公室nurse’soffice护士办公室12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152535455565758七、医务人员名称directorofthehospital院长physician内科医师chiefphysician主任医师associatechiefphysician副主任医师attendingdoctor主治医师residentdoctor住院医师interndoctor实习医师generalpractitioner全科医师specialist专科医师headofthenursingdepartment护理部主任Headnurse护士长Studentnurse实习护士E.N.T.doctor耳鼻喉科医师Ophthalmologist眼科医师Dentist牙科医师Orthopedist骨科医师Dermatologist皮肤科医师urologistsurgeon泌尿外科医师neurosurgeon神经外科医师plasticsurgeon矫形外科医师anaesthetist麻醉科医师Doctorfortuberculosis结核科医师Physiotherapist理疗科Doctorforinfectiousdiseases传染病科Dietician营养科医师Pediatrician儿科医师Obstetrician产科医师Midwife助产师Gynecologist妇科医师Radiologist放射科医师Epidemiologist流行病医师Pharmacist药剂医师Assistantpharmacist药剂医士Laboratorytechnician化验员Assistantnurse卫生员Cleaner清洁员Controller总务科长Registrar挂号员Sanitationworker消毒员12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940八、诊断和治疗常用名称inspection望诊inquiry问诊auscultation听诊percussion扣诊palpation触诊biopsy活组织检查pathologicalsection病理切片endoscopy内窥镜检查ECG(electrocardiogram)examination心电图检查EEG(electrocardiogram)examination脑电图检查Intravenouspyelography静脉肾盂造影术Skin-test皮肤试验examinationbycentesis穿刺检查routineanalysisofblood血常规分析urineanalysisofblood尿常规分析redbloodcellcount(RBC)红细胞计数whitebloodcellcount(WBC)白细胞计数generalcheck-up全身检查routineexamination常规检查follow-upexamination随访检查consultation会诊emergency急诊diagnosis诊断prognosis预后convalescence,recovery康复relapse复发treatment治疗prescribe开药方fillaprescription配药injecting打针hypodermicinjection