安徽省县中联盟2023-2024学年高三12月联考英语试题

2023～2024学年安徽县甲联盟高三12月联考英语试题考生注意：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。4.本卷命题范围：高考范围。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanimply?A.Theteamdidagoodjobagain.B.It'stimetojointhefootballteam.C.Herschoolhasnochancetowin.2.Whatprogramdoesthemanusuallylistento?A.Sports.B.News.C.Stories3.Wherearethespeakersmostprobably?A.Inaforest.B.Inazoo.C.Inapetstore.4.HowdoesMikefeel?A.Excited.B.Puzzled.C.Worried.5.Whatisthemandoing?A.Askingforhelp.B.Beggingformoney.C.Returningadollar.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whyisthewomantalkingtotheman?A.Toconfirmtheprices.B.Togetthe,discount.C.Toreturnthegoods.7.WhatcanweknowaboutHeather?A.Sheisanewworker.B.Sheisveryrude.C.Sheisamanager听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatkindofplacedoesthemanwanttogoto?A.AbigcityB.Aquietnewplace.C.Apopulardestination.9.Whatisthewomanworriedabout?A.Thepath.B.Theweather,C.Thecosts.10Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.TravelaloneB.StayathomeC.Gotothetravelagency.听第8:段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Howoftendoesthemancontacthisaunt?A.Onceamonth.B.OnceaweekC.Everyday.12.Whydoesthemanprefertotalkwithhisauntonthephone?A.Itismuchcheaper.B.Hewantstohearhervoice.C.Hisauntdislikesonlinechat.13.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Buyacomputer.B.Teachhisaunthimself.C.Askhiscousinsforhelp.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whoisthewoman?A.Apoliceofficer,B.Auniversityteacher.C.Anairhostess.15.HowlongwillthemanstayintheUK?A.Forafewmonths.B.Foraboutayear,C.Fortwoyears.16.Wherewillthemanlive?AInadormitoryB.Inahotel.C.Inarentedhouse.17.Whohaspaidforthecosts?B.Theman'sfriendA.Theman'semployer.C.Theman'sfather.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题18.Whatdidthehousewifebecome?A.Anartist.B.AnengineerC.Adesigner19.Howoldwasthemanwhenheenteredthemedicalschool?A.69.B.70.C.71.20.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Howtostayyoung.B.Howtoapplytocolleges.C.Howtokeepphysicallyfit.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHerearesomeoftheworld'sbestrailwaytripsthatoffertoweringmountainviews.DarjeelingHimalayanRailwayBuiltbyBritishEastIndiaCompany,therailwaywasusedtotransporttea,riceandotherproduceupanddowntheHimalayanfoothills.Since1881,thisoldsteamtrainhasbeenahitwithIndianfamiliesonweekendbreaks.Onaclearday,passengerswillbetreatedtobeautifulviewsofMountKanchenjunga.ThetraindepartsNewJalpaiguridailyat10:30amandarrivesintoDarjeelingat5:30pm.Aonewayticketstartsfrom₤10.Qinghai—TibetRailwayConnectingXininginQinghaiprovincetoLhasainTibet,China,this22-hourjourneyisthehighestrailrouteintheworld.TravellingaroundtheQinghaiLakethroughthenight,passengerswakeuptoseepeacefulyakswanderinginthegrasslandattheicysidesoftheKunlunMountains.Aonewayticketinahardsleeperstartsfromf55.TheSkeenaKnownlocallyasthe"RupertRocket",theSkeenatraindepartsJasperthreedaysaweek,takingpassengersintothedeepestwildernessofPrinceRupertinBritishColumbia,Canada.Withthesnow-cappedtopsoftheRockiesallaroundit,passengerscan/spot.blackandgrizzlybears,white-taileddeeraswellasbaldeaglescirclinginthesky.Aonewayticketstartsfrom₤98.CaliforniaZephyrJourneyingfromChicagotoSanFrancisco,theCaliforniaZephyrclimbsboththeRockiesandtheSierraNevadabeforereachingthePacificcoastonits2,447-milejourneyacrosstheheartlandofAmerica.Aone-wayseatincoachstartsfrom₤120.TheCaliforniaZephyrfirstranfrom1949to1970andwasrestoredin1983byAmtrak.Sincethen,thisscenicroutelinkingpopularresorttownsandAmerica'srailroadandgoldrushhistoryhasremainedpopular.21.HowlongdoesittakethesteamtraintotravelfromNewJalpaiguritoDarjeeling?A.10.5hours.B.10hours.C.7.5hours.D.7hours.22.Whichisthehighestrailway?A.TheSkeena.B.Qinghai—TibetRailway.C.CaliforniaZephyr.D.DarjeelingHimalayanRailway.23.Whatdothelasttworailwayshaveincommon?A.Theygothroughthesamemountain.B.TheyjourneyacrosstheheartlandoftheUS.C.Theyaretwooftheoldestrailwaysintheworld.D.TheywerebuiltbyaBritishcompanytotransporttea.BBeforeheleftChinain1986,CheZhaoSheng'steacherSaidtohim,"AfteryougototheUnitedStates,sharesomeofourChineseculturewiththemifyouhaveachance.”Today,morethanthreedecadeslater,thestudentisfulfillinghisteacher'sdream.ChehasbeenappointedasthespecialistgardenerforthepenjingcourtinthenewlyexpandedChineseGardenattheHuntingtonGardensinSanMarino.Thecourtiscomposedofwindingpaths,whitewashedwallsandoccasionalpiecesofTaihurockimportedfromLakeTaiinChina.Cheisbusydisplayingthepenjingfortheopeningceremony.BorninGuangzhou,China,Chestartedstudyingpenjingwhenhewas26.HepracticedwithLuZhiQuan,thesonofnotedmasterLuXueMing,inGuangzhou,andlaterbecameastudentofMasterLuhimself.In1986,CheimmigratedtotheUnitedStates,eventuallysettlingdowninSanGabriel.Atfirst,hestartedasavolunteerattheHuntingtonGardens,helpingtotendtoasmallcollectionofblackpinepenjing.“WhenwebeganbuildingtheChineseGarden,”saysJimFolsom,directorofthegarden,“wewerelookingforsomeonewhoknewpenjing.SoitwasabitofluckweknewMr.Che.He'sthefirstspecialistgardenerwehiredfortheChineseGarden.”Thatwasmorethanadecadeago.Today,ChebothdevelopsnewpenjingandtendstotheonesintheHuntington'scollection.WhentheChineseGardenopensFriday,about30willbeseeninthecourt.Eventually,abouttwicethatnumberwillbeondisplay.AtleasthalfofthemhavebeencultivatedbyChe.Americansmaybemorefamiliarwithbonsai,theJapaneseversionofpenjing.BonsaicametoJapanfromChinaaround1200.Overtime,itdevelopeditsownstandardsandtechniques.“Usuallybonsaifocusesonindividualplant,”Bloomsays.“whereaspenjingtypicallyinvolvesmultipleplantsthathavealandscape-likesettingwithrocksandmaybewater.”24.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Chestartedstudyingpenjingrelativelylate.B.ThegardenhiredCheduetohisteachersfame.CChevolunteeredtoexpandthegardeninthe1980s.D.Thegardenwaswell-knownforitspenjingin1986.25.Whatdoestheword"cultivated"underlinedinparagraph5mean?A.Bought.B.HiredC.Decorated.D.Developed.26.Whatcanweknowaboutbonsai?A.ItisaChineseversionofpenjing.B.Ithaslongerhistorythanpenjing.D.Ithastobesurroundedwithrocks.C.Itissuitabletobedisplayedalone.27.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthetext?A.ToshowChina'sinfluenceonJapan.B.TointroduceaChinesespecialistgardener.C.Tocomparetworelatedgardeningtechniques.D.ToannouncetheopeningofaChinesegardenintheUS.CNeurobiologistNinaKrausfoundthatmusicaltrainingdoesn'tjustimprovetheearformmusic-italsohelpstheearforspeech.TheresultwaspublishedinTheJournalofNeuroscience.Researchershavealreadyfoundthatkidswhotakemusiclessonsfortwoyearsdon'tjustgetbetteratplayingmusicbutalsoperformbetteratprocessinglanguage.However,here'ssomethingunusualaboutthenewstudy.whereittookplace.Itwasn'tinherlaboratory,butintheofficesofHarmonyProjectinLosAngeles,anonprofitafter-schoolprogramthatteachesmusictochildreninlow-incomecommunities.“Since2008,93percentofthekidswhowentthroughtheprogramhavegoneontocollegeslikeDartmouthandNYU,"saysMargaretMartin,founderoftheproject,“despitedropoutratesof50percentormoreintheneighborhoodswheretheyliveandwhererweintentionallysiteourprograms.”Martinknewthattherewereplentyofpossibleexplanationsforthatsuccess.Someofthekidsandparentstheprogramattractedwereclearlymoremotivated.Perhapsmoreimportantly,HarmonyProjectgavekidsaplacetogoafterthebellrang,andaccesstoadultswhochallengedandlovedthem.Still,Martinsuspectedtherewassomethingelsethatwashelpingthesekids,too.WhenKrauswascontactedforascientificexplanation,shejumpedatthechancetostudythekidsandtheirbrains.WorkingwithHarmonyProject,Krausrandomlyassignedseveraldozenkidsfromtheprogram'swaitlistintotwogroups:thosewhowouldbestudiedafteroneyearofmusiclessonsandthosewhowouldbestudiedaftertwoyears.Andwhatshefoundwasthatinthetwo-yearkids,theirbrainsgotbetter—moreprecise—atprocessingspeech.Whytheimprovement?“That'sbecausethetwoaren'tverydifferent.Theyhavethreethingsincommon—pitch,timingandtimbre—andthebrainusesthesameparttomakesenseofthemall,”Krausexplains.Tobeclear,thestudyhasitslimits.Butthird-graderMonicaMiranda,whoisinherthirdyearwithHarmonyProject,doesn'tneedproof."WhenIdomyhomeworkandfeelabsent-minded,Iusuallystartplayingmyviolintorelaxmymind,"shesays.28.WhatisunusualaboutNinaKraus'sstudy?A.Itjustconcentratesonpooryoungadults.B.Itstudieslanguageandmusicsidebyside.C.Itisthefirsttimetostudyhomelesschildren.D.Itisnotdoneinapreciselycontrolledenvironment.29.WhichstatementwillMargaretMartinprobablyagreewith?A.Morevariedprogramsshouldbeprovidedforthekids.B.Itistooearlytoexplainthestudents'remarkablesuccess.C.LoveandsecurityareimportantfortheHarmonyProjectkids.D.Musicaltraininghasplayedadecisiveroleinthechildren'ssuccess.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inparagraph7referto?A.Musicandspeech.B.Pitchandtiming.C.Thetwogroupsofkids.D.KrausandMartin.31.HowdoesMonicaMirandasayaboutplayingmusic?A.Itkeepshermoremotivated.B.Ithelpsherconcentratemore.C.Itimprovesherearsforspeech.D.Itreducesherlonelinessandanxiety.DPredictingheartattack,andperhapsevenpreventingtherelateddeath,maybepossiblewiththehelpofartificialintelligence(AI),accordingtoanewpapertobepresentedatanimportantmeetingnextweek.“Heartattackleadsto10%to20%ofoveralldeathsintheworld.Predictingitisdifficult.Thisresearchmaymarkabigsteptowardanovelsolutiontotheglobalhealthproblem,"saysXavierJouven,theleadauthor.XavierJouvenandhisteamexaminedthemedicalrecordsof25,000individualswhohadexperiencedheartattackoveraperiodoftenyears,andthentheyemployedtheirAImodel,Whichhadbeentrainedonthecollectedmedicalrecords,tocomparedatafrom70,000peoplefromthegeneralpopulation,inordertoidentifyindividualsathighriskofheartattack.Duringthestudy,theydrew25,000personalizedhealthequations(方程式)fromthe25,000individualsandestablishedapersonalizedriskprofileforallofthe70,000generalparticipants,inwhichtheteamidentifiedthefactorsthatweremostlikelytodecreaseorincreasetheriskofheartattackataparticularpercentageandtimeframe.Forexample,thestudypredictedacertainfactormayhavean89%riskofcausingheartattackwithinthreemonths.Accordingtothepaper,theAImodelcouldidentifypeoplewhohadmorethan90%riskofsufferingheartattack,andtheyrepresentedaroundonefourthofallcasesofdearth.Italsodiscoveredthattheriskfactorswereverydifferentbetweenindividualsandwereoftenidentifiedbyspecialistsfromdifferentmedicalfields—apicturethatisdifficultforadoctorinjustonegivenfieldtocatch.“Whiledoctorshaveeffectivetreatmentsfortheidentifiedpatients,theuseofAIisnecessarytodetectinaperson'smedicalinformationregisteredovertheyearstopredicttheriskofheartattacks,”saysJouven.“WehopethattheAImodelwillhelpdoctorstoreducethoseriskfactorsinadvance.”Thestudycomeswithseveraldownsides,though.Forexample,theelectronichealthrecordssometimesarenotaccurate,completeorevenavailable.Theymayalsocontainvariationsindatacollectionpracticesamongdifferenthospitals.32.Whatdidtheresearchersdointheirstudy?A.Theysurveyedtheparticipantsoveraperiodoftenyears.B.Theyjuststudiedpeoplewhosufferedheartattackinthepast.C.Theycreatedadetailedriskprofileforallofthegeneralparticipants.D.TheytrainedtheAImodelon95,000individuals'existingriskprofiles.33.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheAImodel?A.Itmaymakebetterpredictionsthanaspecialist.B.Itisabletopredictabout90%ofallcasesofdeath.C.Itismorereliableamongthelowriskgroup.D.Itwillofferbettertreatmentsforthepatients.34.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thesignificanceofthestudy.B.Limitationsofthenewmodel.C.Problemswiththecollecteddata.D.Theapplicationoftheequations.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.UpcomingKeyMeetingtoUnveilAIBreakthroughB.HeartAttackEmergesasMajorGlobalHealthThreatC.AI'sPotentialinHeartAttackPrediction&.PreventionDElectronicHealthRecordsEnhanceHeartAttackPredictions第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It'sournaturetoconnectwithoneanother.Herearesometipsonhowtohostanamazinggatheringathome.__36__Hostingcanbeburdensome.Beingclearaboutyourpurposebeforehandcaneasesomeofthatburden.Itcanalsogiveguestsaclearpictureoftheeventaheadoftime,sothattheycandecideforthemselveswhetherornottocome.Apurposedoesn'thavetobeserious.__37__.Butsimplyaddinganintentioncanbegintoshapethegroup'sexperienceofthenight.ThinkaboutyourguestlistWhenitcomestodecidingthespecificpeopletoinvite,therecanbealotofanxiety.__38__.Itallowsyoutoexplainyourreasonsbehindaparticularguestlisttoyourfriendswhoarenotinvited.Forstarters,groupsizematters.Itcanfundamentallyaffectpeople'sbehavior,andthere'sactualsciencetoit,too.__39__.Eighttotwelveisagreatsizeforadinnerpartywhereyou'remuchmorelikelytohavesmallgroupconversations.Overtwelvefeelsmorelikeanimpersonalparty.Lastly,makesureyouinvitepeoplewhowillnotonlyffyourpurposebutwillbeopentoit,too.ConnectyourguestsGroupsarecomposedofmanydifferentidentities.Everytimeanygroupisgettingtogether,heroleofahostistosetupacontext,whereeachperson,regardlessoftheirmanyidentities,canfindawayin.__40__.A.PutthelistinyourinvitationsB.GivethegatheringaspecificpurposeCSixtosevenisagoodsizeforareallyconnectedconversationD.ItcanbecatchingupwitholdfriendsorcelebratingabirthdayE.It'sallaboutstrikingabalancebetweenwarmthandamazingfoodF.ThisiswhereaclearpurposebehindyourgatheringcanhelpaswellG.Inotherwords,agoodgatheringshouldgiveeverybodyasenseofbelonging第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。HundredsofyearsbeforethefoundingofRome,theMaoripeoplehadsailedacrossseasinsmallboats.Theirrichknowledgeofthestarrydarkskyhelpedthem__41__theseaswithoutthehelpofcompasses(指南针).“Ourancestorssailedacrosstheseasfordifferent__42__,”saysRangiMatamua,oneoftheMaoriexpertswhoareleadingthewaytoraiseawarenessofthecultural__43__ofdarkskyinNewZealand.“Theywereontheseastofishor__44__newcontinentsforsettlements.”Thedarkskywasmorethanjustasailing__45__for,theMaoripeople.Theyformedasenseoffamiliaritywiththestars.“Theydidn'tfeel__46__ontheoceanssincetheyhadallthe__47__accompanyingtheminthesky,"addsRangiMatamua.“Tosomedegree,ourbeliefscomeoutoftheir__48__ofthestarrydarksky.”ThedarkskyisnotjustimportantfortheMaoripeople.Lookingattheskyand__49__toitsitsattheheartofhumanity.It'soneoftheearliestactivitiesevery__50__ontheplanetdid,andthedarkskyis__51__connectedtowhoweareashumans.Whenwestartto__52__thatbondbecauseoflightpollution,wechangewhoweareasapeople.We'rechangingthewaywe__53__ourworldandthethingsthatareimportanttous__54__,weneedtotryandputtogetherbetterwaysofusinglightsand__55__ourstarrydarksky.41.A.discover42.A.challenges43.A.importance44.A.create45.A.aid46.A.happyA7.A.seabirds48.A.lack49.A.moving50.A.scientist51.A.tightly52.A.build53.A.destroy54.A.Therefore55.A.findingoutB.expandB.purposesB.ceremonyB.saveB.boatB.lonelyB.cloudsB.controlB.preferringB.cultureB.hardlyB.sellB.preserveB.HoweverB.focusingonC.dryC.cropsC.protectionC.exploreC.competitionC.excitedC.friendsC.dislikeC.connectingC.animalC.accidentallyC.seeC.understandC.BesidesC.dependinguponD.crossD.religionsD.attractionD.measureD.gameD.hungryD.coachesD.observationsD.belongingD.leaderD.carefullyD.cutD.beautifyD.NeverthelessD.caringfor第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Kilaueahasbeeneruptingalmostwithoutstoppingsince1983.Itisoneoftheworld'smost__56__(close)observedvolcanoes.MostoftheseobservationstookplaceattheHawaiianVolcanoObservatoryonKilauea'shighestpoint,from__57__researchersnowhavetowithdraw.Butthe__58__(late)eruptionisoneofthebiggestandcouldprovidescientists__59__alotofnewinformation.ScientistsfromtheHawaiianVolcanoObservatoryandUniversityofHawaiiarestudying__60__themolten(熔化的)rockbeneaththeearthflowsthroughaseriesofcracks(缝隙)underKilaueabefore__61__(send)flyingintotheair.TheywanttolearnwhatwarningsignsmayexistforfutureeruptionstobetterprotectHawaii's__62__(community).HundredsofsmallearthquakescausedbytheeruptionshavedamagedthestructureoftheHawaiianVolcanoObservatory.Sothescientistswereforced__63__(take)theequipmentandrecordsoutofthebuildingandmoved__64__(they)totheUniversityofHawaii.Therecordsinclude__65__(science)informationandphotosthataremorethan100yearsold.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是学生会主席李华。校英文报正在为2024年8月15日第二个“全国生态日(NationalEcologyDay)”征文。请你代表学生会给该报投稿，内容包括：1.说明生态保护的重要性；2.提出倡议，注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dearfellowstudents,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TheStudentUnion第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Iusedtoenjoygoingtomyaunt'sflowerfarm.Butnotrecently,bec