2022年北京市东城区中考英语二模试卷（附答案详解）

2022年北京市东城区中考英语二模试卷

一、单选题(本大题共12小题，共6.0分)

1.Ihaveayoungersister.Ioftenhelpmyparentslookafter.()

A.HimB.herC.themD.it

2.Weoftengoforawalk___theparknearourhome.()

A.ofB.onC.inD.from

3.Nancyishappy___shehasgotanewideaforherhistoryproject.()

A.becauseB.whileC.ifD.though

4.—MustIwritethereportbyhand,Mrs.Taylor?

—No,you__Youcanwriteitonthecomputer.()

A.needn'tB.mustn'tC.can'tD.shouldn't

5.—Excuseme,___isthiscoat?

—It*s168yuan.()

A.howmanyB.howoldC.howlongD.howmuch

6.Tonyis___thanhewasthreeyearsago.()

A.patientB.morepatient

C.mostpatientD.themostpatient

7.Hellenisgoodatmath,soshe__herbrotherwithhismatheveryday.()

A.ishelpingB.helpedC.helpsD.hashelped

8.Look!Somechildren___uptherubbish.()

A.pickB.pickedC.arepickingD.willpick

9.Wegoodfriendssincewewereinmiddleschool.()

A.havebeenB.areC.wereD.willbe

10.I___myphysicsnotesat9oclocklastnight.()

A.reviewB.reviewedC.amreviewingD.wasreviewing

11.Chinese__inschoolsacrosstheworldnow.()

A.teachesB.istaughtC.taughtD.wastaught

12.—Dad,doyouremember___forthefirsttime?

-In2006.()

A.whenyouwillvisitBeijingB.whenyouvisitedBeijing

C.whenwillyouvisitBeijingD.whendidyouvisitBeijing

二、完形填空(本大题共8小题，共8.0分)

Ihurriedacrossthegrasstotheforestandsatdownonalarge

rock.Ithoughtthatnoonewouldknowwheretolookfor

me.AtlastIhadpeaceandquiet.Ifelt(13)asIliftedmyguitar

ontomyknee.

Istartedtoplayandsing,"Leanonme,whenyou'renotstrong"Itsoundedterrible,andItriedto

playagain.

"How'sitgoing,Tina?”

IwassurprisedtoseemybrotherJamesstandingbehindme.

“Don'tyouhaveabasketballgametowatch?nI(14).Somuchformyperfecthideaway.

"ThegamewasalmostoverwhenInoticedyouleave.Ithoughtyoumightlikesome(15)”

“That'sthelastthingIwant.IfeelIdon'thaveanyprivacyathome.YesterdayIfoundEliza

lookingthroughmydiary,andSarawaslisteningtotheradioinmyroomafterlunchtoday.I

justwanttobealoneforachange."

Jamesstudiedmeforamoment."It's(16)livinginsuchabigfamily,isn'tit?Ifeltthesameway

whenIwasyourage?butnow...1'

"NowyouhaveyourownroombecauseDanielwenttocollege,'*Isaid.

Jameslaughed."Itisgreattohavemyownroom,butsometimesIreally(17)DanieLItwas

actuallywonderfultohavesomeoneelsethere.Wesharememoriesandjokesnooneelse

understands,andwhenthingsgetdifficult,wecanalways(18)oneanother.Didn*tSarahelpyou

withyourhomeworkuntilmidnightlastweek?"

Iadmitted(承认)(19),"Yeah,sometimesshecanbeallright."

"Sothisplacecanbeyour'room'.Anytimeyoureallyneedalittlequiet,justcomeouthere.I

won'ttellanyoneaboutit,"Jamessaid."Now,howaboutthesongyouweretryingtoplay?

Here,letmetry."

"Maybe(20)isn*tsobadafterall,"IthoughtwhenIhandedmybrothertheguitar.

13.A.afraidB.warmC.tiredD.relaxed

14.A.arguedB.complainedC.suggestedD.reminded

15.A.adviceB.discussionC.companyD.protection

第2页，共20页

16.A.difficultB.surprisingC.helpfulD.dangerous

17.A.knowB.trustC.missD.admire

18.A.praiseB.promiseC.supportD.respect

19.A.proudlyB.bravelyC.regretfullyD.unwillingly

20.A.musicB.familyC.quietD.change

三、阅读理解（本大题共13小题，共26.0分）

A

Doyougetpocketmoneyfromyourparentsordoyouworktomakemoney?Doyouspendit

orsaveit?LetscheckouthowfourteenagersinBritaingetmoneyanddowithit.

Ruth,13

Myparentsgiveme£10aweek.IgetitonSaturdayafterIwashmy

£Ifather'scar.Ikeepmostofthemoneyinmypiggybankathome.Pm

savingupforanewpairoffootballshoes.Now?Pmclosetomy

goal.

Sam,15

aMyparentsdon'tgivemepocketmoney.Imake£20everyweekby

workinginastorefrom3pmto5pmonSunday.Ispendabouthalf

Aofthemoneyonmybooks,clothesandfood,andthensavetherest

formynextholiday.

Jana,16

Igetpocketmoneyfrommyparents.Theygiveme£60every

month,butIhavetohelpwithhousework,likedoingdishesand

takingouttherubbish.Icanusethemoneytobuyfoodandgiftsfor

£1myparentsonholidays.

David,17

Ilookafteryoungchildrenformyneighboursfrom9amto3pm

everySaturday.Imake£100everymonth.Theworkisverytiring,but

力IenjoybeingwithchildrenandIneedthisjobtosavemoneyformy

universityeducation.

21.Whomakesf20everyweek?

A.Ruth.B.Sam.C.Jana.D.David.

22.WhatdoesJanadotogetmoney?

A.Workinastore.B.Helpwithhousework.

C.Washherfather'scar.D.Lookafteryoungchildren.

23.WhydoesDavidsavemoney?

A.Forfoodandgifts.

B.Fornewfootballshoes.

C.Forhisnextholiday.

D.Forhisuniversityeducation.

B

Fourteen-year-oldAkramusedtospendaboringhourwaitingatabusstopafterschooleach

day.Teacherswerepreparingforthenextdayintheclassrooms,butstudentsweren'tallowed

in.Akramthoughtitwassuchawasteoftimealthoughhecouldplayonhisphone,sohe

decidedtochangethings.Hewantedtostayatschoolanddohisfavoritehobby—art.

Oneday,heaskedtheheadteacherifstudentscoulddosomethingintheschoolafterclasses."If

youfindoutwhatisneeded,!willhelpyou,"theheadteachersethimachallenge.

Overthenextweek,Akramtalkedtoallthestudentswhowaitedafterschoolandother

students,too.Heaskedthemwhattheywouldliketodointhathour.Manystudentssaidthey

wantedafter-schoolclubsforthingslikechess,basketball,artandreading.

WhenAkramarrivedattheheadteacher'soffice,therewasanotherstudent,Holly,waiting

there.Theheadteachertoldthemthattheybothhadthesameidea,soshewantedthemtowork

together.Shegavethemsomeproblemstosolve.

"Youneedtofindthepeoplewhowillberesponsiblefortheclubsandwhowillpayforany

equipment（设备）,"saidtheheadteacher."Also,youneedtotalktothecleaningteamtomake

surethattheycancleanupafteryouleave."

AkramandHollytalkedabouttheirideaandproblemsatthenextParents'Association

meeting.Theyalsodidthesamethingtotheirteachersandthecleaningteam.

Severaldayslater,ateachertoldthemthathecouldorganizetrainee（实习生）teacherstobe

responsiblefortheclubs.TheParents'Associationdecidedtoraisemoneytopayfor

equipmentlikechessboardsandbaskets.Thecleanersagreedthattheycouldcleanthe

classroomsafterthehourwasfinished.

第4页，共20页

Nowtheschoolhassomeexcitingafter-schoolclubs.AkramandHollyenjoyedtheexperience

verymuch.

24.WhatdidAkramwanttodoafterschool?

A.Playonhisphone.

B.Gohomeanddohishomework.

C.Dohishobbyatschool.

D.Helphisteachersdosomething.

25.Whoareresponsiblefortheclubs?

A.Somestudents.B.Someparents.

C.Sometraineeteachers.D.Somecleaners.

26.AkramandHollyenjoyedtheexperiencebecause.

A.theirparentsandteacherspraisedthem

B.theotherstudentswerethankfultothem

C.theycouldtalktotheheadteacherdirectly

D.theysolvedsomeproblemsthroughtheirefforts

c

Backgroundknowledgeistheknowledgeapersonhasabouttheworldwhenheorshestartsto

readatext.ltisagreedthatbackgroundknowledgeplaysanimportantroleinreading.Put

simply,themoreyouknowaboutatopic,theeasieritisforyoutoreadatext,understandit,and

remembertheinformation.

Tounderstandthis,herearetwopoints.First,backgroundknowledgeenablesreaderstochoose

betweendifferentmeaningsofwords.Forexample?ifyoureadtheword"operation"ina

sportsarticle,youmightthinkaboutasportspersonwithaseriousinjury（伤）.Butifyouread

thewordinamathtext,you'dthinkaboutamathematicalprocess.Second9understandingatext

requiresreaderstofillmissinginformationandmakeinferences.Todothis,readersneedto

havesomebasicknowledgeaboutthetopic.

Studentsgetbackgroundknowledgeboththroughpersonalexperiencesandbylearninginthe

classroom.Thenhowcanteachershelpstudentsbuildbackgroundknowledge?Herearesome

suggestions.

Beginbyteachingwordsincategories（类另U）.Forexamplesteacherscantrysomethingas

simpleasthis：*'Apples,bananas,strawberries?mangoes.Theyareatypeof...（fruit）

".Categoriesofobjectsandtheuseofgenericnouns（统称）canhelpstudentsincrease

vocabularyanddevelopconcepts（概念）.

.Readingbuildsknowledgebutwidereadinghasusuallybeentakenasreadingabout

alotofdifferenttopics.Teacherscantryadifferentway：encouragechildrentofindaninterest

andreadasmanybooksastheycanononetopic.Thiswillhelpthemdevelopadeeper

knowledgeonatopic.

Usemultimedia（多媒体）.Directexperiencesarethemosteffectivewaystobuild

knowledge.Thereisnothingmoreexcitingforstudentsthanlearningthroughdirect

experiences,suchasfieldtripsandotheractivities.Althoughmultimediacannotreplacereal-life

experiences,itcanoftenprovidealotofinformationthatwecouldonlywishtoexperience

firsthand.ltcanalsointroducechildrentoimportantwordsandconcepts.

Backgroundknowledgeisimportantinastudent'sabilitytofullyunderstandatext.Teachers*

effortscanhelpstudentsbecomestrongerthinkersandlife-longreadersandlearners.

27.Thewritertalksabouttheword"operation"inParagraph2toexplain.

A.whatbackgroundknowledgeis

B.whybackgroundknowledgeisimportant

C.whenpeopleneedbackgroundknowledge

D.howpeopledevelopbackgroundknowledge

28.WhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttopicsentenceforParagraph5?

A.Makewidereadinginteresting.

B.Introducedifferenttopicstostudents.

C.Encouragetopic-centeredwidereading.

D.Helpstudentsfindtheirfavouritebooks.

29.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Vocabularyisthegreatestdifficultyinunderstandingatext.

B.Makinginferenceshaslittleconnectionwithbackgroundknowledge.

C.Multimediaismoreusefulthandirectexperiencesinbuildingknowledge.

D.Developingvocabularyandconceptscanhelpbuildbackgroundknowledge.

D

InAmerica,anincreasingnumberofmiddleandhighschoolsnowrequirestudentstoservea

certainnumberofcommunityservicehoursbeforetheycangraduate.Andsomeparentsask

theirchildrentodovolunteerwork,yearroundevenifit*snotmandatory（强制性的）at

第6页，共20页

school.Volunteeringhasimportantbenefits9suchaslearningnewskillsanddeveloping

responsibility.However,somepeoplequestionwhethercommunityserviceisworthwhileif

studentsareforcedtotakepart.

Somepeoplesaythatmanyteenagers'schedules（日程安排）arefilledwithhomeworkand

after-schoolprograms,andforcingthemtodootheractivitieswillmakethemstressedout."

Addingcommunityservicetoteenagers*alreadycrowdedschedulesmakesitfeellikean

unpleasantandboringtask,'1saysEllisonO'Grady,15,astudentfromBayHead,New

Jersey.Otherpeoplesaythatmandatoryservicewillleadstudentstobelievethattheyshould

onlyhelpotherswhentheyreceiveanimmediatebenefitinreturn9andfinallydiscourage

themfromvolunteeringlaterinlife.

Teenagerswhovolunteeraremorelikelytodobetterinschoolandarelesslikelytoget

involvedinriskybehaviors9studiesshow.Theyalsogetsocialskillsandworkexperiencethat

canpayofflaterinlife.However,ifmanybusyteenagersaregivenachoice,theywouldsimply

voluntaryservice.That'swhyrequiringcommunityserviceisimportant,supporterssay.In

addition,thereislittleprooftosupportthatmandatorycommunityserviceweakensyoung

people'smotivation（动机）tojoininfutureservice.Infact,studiesshowthatmandatoryservice

isconnectedwithstrongwishtotakepartinfuturevolunteering.

AsahighschoolstudentinNewYork,BellamyRichardson,now18,hadtodo75hoursof

communityservicebeforegraduation.Atfirst,shewasworriedhowshecouldfindthatmuch

time.Buttohersurprise,shenotonlymettheservicerequirementsoonerthanshe'd

expected,butalsolearnedalot,andfoundthatshelovedvolunteering.Bellamyisnowgladthat

herservicewasn'tbychoice.Requiringcommunityservicewouldgiveotherpeoplethechance

Ihad,1'shesaid.

Soaskyourself：Wouldyouvolunteerifitweren'tmandatory?Couldthebenefitsof

volunteeringmakeitworthwhilenomatterhowteenagersgetinvolved?Isupposecommunity

serviceissomethingthatshouldbeencouragedevenifitisjustadutyatthebeginning.

30.Somepeopleareagainstmandatorycommunityservicebecause.

A.ithasbadeffectonstudentsstudy

B.itmakesstudentsworriedandbored

C.studentsfallshortintheirabilitiestodoit

D.studentsgetlittleimmediatebenefitfromit

31.Theword"HinParagraph3probablymeans"

A.giveupperformingB.getinterestedin

C.havedifficultyindoingD.enjoybenefitsfrom

32.WhatcanwelearnfromtheexampleofBellamyRichardson?

A.Studentstakepartincommunityservicebecauseofstronglove.

B.Somestudentsdon'thavethechancestooffercommunityservice.

C.Mandatoryservicemakesstudentslosewishtovolunteerinthefuture.

D.It*spossibleandbeneficialforstudentstomeetschools'servicerequirement.

33.Whatisthewriter'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?

A.Toexpresssupportformandatorycommunityservice.

B.Tostresstheimportanceofbalancingvolunteerworkandstudy.

C.Todiscusstheinfluenceofvolunteerworkonstudents'futurelife.

D.Toremindpeopleofthedisadvantagesofmandatorycommunityservice.

四、任务型阅读•简答（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）

34.SpreadingHappinessJessicaMartinandAsherahWeissareart

teachersinaprimaryschool.Theythoughttheirstudentsmighthave

themagicwordsthatcouldbringcalmtopeopleindifficulttimes,so

theycreatedaprojectcalled"PepToc"withtheirstudents.Theproject

hadtwoparts-onewassettingupahotline,andtheotherwasmakingencouraging

posters.Thetwoteachershadthesamebasicquestionforallthestudents："Whatcould

yousaytohelporencouragesomeoneelse?”

Studentsworkingonthehotlinethoughtofwhattheywouldliketosay.ThenMs.Martin

recordedeachone,andsortedout（分类）therecordingsintodifferentpartsofthe

telephonehotline.Whenpeoplecallthehotline,theycanhearhappyvoicesofchildrenof

differentagessharingpositive（积极的）messages.Forexample,pressing1bringsideasfor

peoplewhoare"feelingmadornervous".Helpfulsuggestionsinclude："listentomusic",

or"gogetacookie".Pressing2resultsinHwordsofencouragementandlifeadvice".This

includesmessageslike："Theworldisabetterplacewithyouinit."And"Youareokay!'1

Bypressing3,youcanhearagroupofchildrensayingtogether："Youcandoit!Keep

trying,don'tgiveup!"

Otherstudentsmadeencouragingpostersandhungthemuparoundthetown.Many

postershadstripsofpaper.Whenpeoplepassedby,theycouldtearoff（搦i掉）thestripsand

第8页，共20页

takewiththem.Forexample,onepostersaid"Ifyouaremad,thinkofpositivethoughts11,

andhadstripsremindingpeopleto"Behappy'1.

Ms.Martinthoughttheprojectwouldonlyattractinterestfrompeopleneartheschool.But

initsfirstsixweeks,thehotlinegot5millioncallsfromaroundtheworld.lthasbecome

verypopularwithstressedadults,patientsinhospitals,andotherswhojustwanttohearthe

happyvoicesofchildren.ForMartinandWeiss,theprojectshowsstudentsthatsmallacts

canhaveabiginfluence.uIfyouhaveanidea,justtrytodoitandseewhathappens/

Weisssays.Studentsnowknowthattheyhaveamazingpower.They'realreadythinking

aboutnewmessagestorecordforthePepTocHotline.

(1)Whocreatedtheproject"PepToc"?

(2)Whatarethetwopartsoftheproject?

(3)HowdidMs.Martinandthestudentssetupthehotline?

(4)Whatcouldpeopledowhentheypassedbytheposters?

(5)Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?

五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共25.0分）

35.假如你是李华，你校的英语广播站计划做一期”毕业生感言”的专题节目，想邀请你

参加。请你用英语写一篇发言稿，谈谈你毕业之际的感受，初中三年的进步，以及

对学弟学妹们的建议。

提示词语：sad,active,plan,tryout,askfor

提示问题：

•Howdoyoufeelasaschool-leaver?

•Whatprogresshaveyoumade?

•WhatadvicewouldyouliketogivetothestudentsinGrade7and8?

Dearfellowstudents,

Emveryhappytospeaktoyoutoday.

Hopeyouallenjoyyourtimeandmakeprogressinmiddleschool!

(1)

(2)

36.勇于尝试是一种乐于探索，敢于面对失败的表现。只有勇于尝试，才能不断突破自

我，取得进步。

某英文网站正在开展以“勇于尝试”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英文写

一篇短文投稿，谈谈你曾经勇于尝试做过的一件事，以及你的收获。

提示词语：afraid,encouragement,prepare,practice,confident

提示问题：

•Whatdidyoudo?

,Whathaveyoulearnedfromtheexperience?

Therearemanychancesfbrustotrynewthingsinourlife.

第10页，共20页

答案和解析

1.【答案】B

【解析】him他;her她；them他（她、它们）；it它。根据Ihaveayoungersister."我有

一个妹妹。"可知，应该帮父母照顾"她"。填her。

故选：Bo

我有一个妹妹。我经常帮助父母照顾她。

分析选项代词意思及用法，结合语境，找到关键词，选择合适答案。

2.【答案】C

【解析】A.of.......的；B.on在....上面；C.in在....里面；D.from从...起。根据句意

可知是我们经常去我们家附近的公园散步，inthepark”在公园里"，因此用介词in。

故选：Co

我们经常去我们家附近的公园散步。

掌握介词的用法，根据关键词和句意，得出正确答案。

3.【答案】A

【解析】because因为;while在……期间；if如果；though虽然。根据“南希很高兴，......

她对她的历史项目有了新的想法。"可知，表原因，用because引导原因状语从句。

故选：Ao

南希很高兴，因为她对她的历史项目有了新的想法。

连词可以表并列、承接、转折、因果、选择、假设、比较、让步等关系，要结合语境,

选择合适连词用法。

4.【答案】A

【解析】needn't不必;mustn't禁止；can't不可能；shouldn't不应该。Must开头的一般

疑问句,否定回答用No,主语+neednt”不，某人不必。"

故选：Ao

-泰勒夫人，我必须手工写报告吗？

-不，你不必。你可以把它写在电脑上。

掌握Must开头的一般疑问句，否定回答用"No,主语+needn't."的知识点，结合语境，选

择正确答案0

5.【答案】D

【解析】howmuch表示哆少钱";howmany表示哆少",后跟可数名词复数；Howlong

多长时间；howold多大；根据答语”Ifs168yuan""168元"，可知问题是问价钱的，特殊

疑问词是howmuch,

故选：D。

一请问，这件外套多少钱？

—168元。

理解句意的基础上，结合答语和关键词，选出特殊疑问词。

6.【答案】B

【解析】根据than,可知是比较级的标志。morepatient更有耐心的，形容词比较级。

故选：B,

托尼比三年前更有耐心了。

熟悉形容词比较级和最高级的用法，结合题意，给出答案。

7.【答案】C

【解析】由空后的everyday推断本句为一般现在时，主语she为第三人称单数，推断此

处动词填第三人称单数形式，考虑谓语动词用helps,

故选：C»

海伦擅长数学，所以她每天都帮助弟弟学习数学。

考查动词时态，结合时间状语以及语境准确判断所应使用的时态。

8.【答案】C

【解析】由空前的Look推断本句为现在进行时，其一般结构为“be+动词-ing”形式。主

语children为复数，考虑be动词用are。

故选：C»

看！一些孩子在捡垃圾。

考查动词时态，结合时间状语以及语境准确判断所应使用的时态。

9【答案】A

第12页，共20页

【解析】根据sincewewereinmiddleschool,可知是指从我们上中学开始，时态是现在完

成时。we接have+过去分词。

故选：Ao

我们从中学起就一直是好朋友。

正确判断时态，找到标志词并结合题意，给出答案。

10.【答案】D

【解析】根据at9。clocklastnight,可知是过去具体的时刻,时态用过去进行时。I接

was+doing0

故选：D。

昨晚9点钟我在复习物理笔记。

正确判断时态，找到标志词并结合题意，给出答案。

11.【答案】B

【解析】根据now,可知说的是现在，时态是一般现在时。主语Chinese是动作的承受者，

用被动语态is+过去分词。

故选：Bo

现在世界各地的学校都在教汉语。

正确判断时态，找到标志词并结合题意，给出答案。

12.【答案】B

【解析】根据题干，可知考查宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除CD；由In2006可知时态是

一般过去时。排除A。

故选：B。

-爸爸，你还记得你第一次来北京的时候吗？

-2006年。

熟悉宾语从句的用法，结合题意，给出答案。

13~20.【答案】D、B、C、A、C、C、D、B

【解析】（1）考查形容词.A.害怕的；B.温暖的；C.疲倦的；D.放松的。结合

AtlastIhadpeaceandquiet.（我终于有了平静和安宁。）可知是放松的,故选D。

（2）考查动词。A.争辩；B.抱怨；C.建议；D.提醒。结合

Don'tyouhaveabasketballgametowatch?"（难道你没有篮球比赛要看吗？）可知是抱

怨，故选B。

（3）考查名词。A.建议；B.讨论;C.同伴；D.保护。结合Ithoughtyoumightlikesome（我

想你可能会喜欢一些……）可知是一些同伴，故选C。

（4）考查形容词。A.困难的；B.令人惊讶的；C.有益的；D.危险的。结合

YesterdayIfoundElizalookingthroughmydiary,andSarawaslisteningtotheradioinmyr

oomafterlunchtoday.（昨天我发现伊丽莎在看我的日记，今天午饭后萨拉在我房间里听

收音机。）可知是麻烦事情，故选A。

（5）考查动词。A.了解；B.信任；C.想念；D.佩服。结合

Itisgreattohavemyownroom.butsometimesIreally（5）Daniel.（有自己的房间真好，

但有时我真的很……丹尼尔。）结合选项，选择miss想念，故选C。

（6）考查动词。A.表扬；B.承诺；C.支持；D.尊重。结合

Wesharememoriesandjokesnooneelseunderstands,andwhenthingsgetdifficult,wecanal

ways（6）oneanother.（我们分享别人不懂的记忆和笑话，当事情变得困难时，我们

总是可以彼此支持。）结合选项可知是彼此支持，故选C。

（7）考查副词。A.自豪地：B.勇敢地；C.遗憾地；D.不情愿地。结合

Yeah,sometimesshecanbeallright.（是的,有时候她还是不错的。）可知是不情愿的回

答，故选D。

（8）考查名词。A.音乐；B.家庭；C.安静；D.改变。结合上文可知是抱怨的家人，故

这里说的是也许家庭也没那么糟糕。故选B。

本文讲述的是作者因为家里的一些事情不开心，去森林一个人弹吉他的事情。

首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，

结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。

21~23.【答案】B、B、D

【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二个方框Imake£20everyweekbyworkinginastore

from3Pmto5PmonSunday.（我每周挣20英镑，周日下午3点到5点在商店工作。）

可知Sam每周挣20英镑。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三个方框Igetpocketmoneyfrommyparents.Theygiveme£60

everymonth,butIhavetohelpwithhousework,likedoingdishesandtakingouttherubbish.

（我从父母那里得到零用钱。他们每月给我60英镑，但我必须帮忙做家务，比如洗碗

和倒垃圾。）可知Jana是帮助做家务挣钱的。故选B。

第14页，共20页

（3）根据第四个方框butIenjoybeingwithchildrenandIneedthisjobtosavemoneyformy

universityeducations但我喜欢和孩子们在一起，我需要这份工作为我的大学教育省钱。）

可知David需要这份工作为大学教育省钱。故选D。

本文主要讲述了英国青少年是如何挣钱以及管理自己的零花钱的。

首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，

细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关

信息。

24~26.【答案】C、C、D

【解析】细节理解题。

（1）根据第一段Hewantedtostayatschoolanddohisfavoritehobby--art.（他想留在学

校，做他最喜欢的爱好——艺术。）可知阿克兰放学后想在学校做他的爱好。故选Co

（2）根据倒数第二段

Severaldayslater,ateachertoldthemthathecouldorganizetraineeteacherstoberesponsibl

efortheclubs.（几天后，一位老师告诉他们，他可以组织实习生教师对俱乐部负责。）

可知一些实习教师对俱乐部负责。故选C。

（3）根据第三段

Manystudentssaidtheywantedafter-schoolclubsforthingslikechess,basketball,artandrea

ding.（许多学生表示，他们希望在课后俱乐部举办国际象棋、篮球、艺术和阅读等活动。）

可知他们通过努力解决了一些问题，所以阿克兰和霍莉很享受这次经历。故选D。

本文主要讲述了阿克兰和霍莉在为课外俱乐部服务的事情。

首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，

细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关

信息。

27~29.【答案】B、C、D

【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据

ifyoureadtheword"operation"inasportsarticle,youmightthinkaboutasportspersonwith

aseriousinjury（伤）.（如果你在体育文章中读到“手术”这个词，你可能会想到一个严

重受伤的运动员。）可推出，作者在第2段中谈到“手术"一词，以解释为什么背景知识

很重要。故选B。

（2）段落大意题。根据第五段内容Readingbuildsknowledgebutwidereadinghasusually

beentakenasreadingaboutalotofdifferenttopics.Teacherscantryadifferentway：encourage

childrenlofindaninterestandreadasmanybooksastheycanononetopic.Thiswillhelpthem

developadeeperknowledgeonatopic.（阅读可以积累知识，但广泛阅读通常被视为关于

许多不同主题的阅读。老师可以尝试另一种方式：鼓励孩子们找到兴趣，就一个主题读

尽可能多的书。这将有助于他们对某个主题有更深入的了解。）可知，第5段的最佳主

题句鼓励以课题为中心的广泛阅读。故选C。

（3）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，短文主要讲述了背景知识在阅读中起着重要作用。

详细介绍了建立背景知识的途径和方法。故我们可以从这篇文章中学到发展词汇和概念

可以帮助建立背景知识。故选D。

短文主要讲述了背景知识在阅读中起着重要作用。详细介绍了建立背景知识的途径和方

法。

阅读题型，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解。

根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题。

30~33.【答案】B、A、D、A

【解析】（1）推理判断题.根据第二段

Addingcommunityservicetoteenagers'alreadycrowdedschedulesmakesitfeellikeanunpl

easantandboringtask,"saysEllisonO'Grady,15,astudentfromBayHead,NewJersey.（将

社区服务添加到青少年已经很拥挤的日程中，让人觉得这是一项令人不快和无聊的任务,

”15岁的EllisonO'Grady说，他是新泽西州贝海德的学生•）可知，有些人反对强制性

的社区服务，因为它让学生感到担心和无聊。故选B。

（2）词义猜测题。根据第三段However,ifmanybusyteenagersaregivenachoice,theywould

simplyskipvoluntaryservice.That'swhyrequiringcommunityserviceisimportant,supporters

say.（然而，如果给许多忙碌的青少年一个选择，他们会干脆skip志愿服务。这就是为

什么要求社区服务很重要，支持者说。）可知，skip是“跳过”的意思，即放弃参加。故

选A,

（3）推理判断题。根据第四段

AsahighschoolstudentinNewYork,BellamyRichardson,now18,

hadtodo75hoursofcommunityservicebeforegraduation.Atfirst,shewasworriedhowshe

couldfindthatmuchtime.Buttohersurprise,shenotonlymettheservicerequirementsooner

thanshe'dexpected,butalsolearnedalot,andfoundthatshelovedvolunteering.Bellamyisn

owgladthatherservicewasn'tbychoice.Requiringcommunityservicewouldgiveotherpeo

第16页，共20页

piethechanceIhad,"shesaid.（作为纽约的一名高中生，现年18岁的BellamyRichardson

必须在毕业前做75小时的社区服务。起初，她担心自己怎么能找到这么多时间。但令

她惊讶的是，她不仅比她预期的更快地满足了服务要求，而且学到了很多东西，并且发

现她喜欢志愿服务。Bellamy现在很高兴她的服务不是自愿的。要求社区服务会给其他

人我所拥有的机会，”她说。）可知，从文中BellamyRichardson的经历,我们可以得知

学生满足学校的服务需求是可能的，也是有益的。故选D。

（4）写作目的题。根据最后一段

Isupposecommunityserviceissomethingthatshouldbeencouragedevenifitisjustadutya

tthebeginning.（我认为社区服务是应该鼓励的，即使它只是一开始的义务。）可知，

作者的写作目的是表达对强制性社区服务的支持。故选Ao

这篇短文主要讲述了美国中学生在社区做志愿者的情况。

阅读题型，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解。

根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题。

34,[答案]【小题1]JessicaMarlin和AsherahWeiss.

[小题2]Onewassettingupahotline,andtheotherwasmakingencouragingposters.

[小题3]Studentsworkingonthehotline