Unit4+Space+exploration-Discovering+Useful+Structures 高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册

UNIT4SPACEEXPLORATION

PeriodIIIDiscoveringUsefulStructuresStepI学习理解Recogniseadverbialsandattributes.1.TheiPadthereismine.2.Theboytotaketheballismyson.3.Icomeallthewaytoseeyou.4.Heistheteacherwhoteachesusmath.attribute

attribute

adverbialattribute

Readthesentencesanddiscussthefunctionsoftheunderlinedpartsinthesentences.Recogniseadverbialsandattributes.5.Whichcoupleofsuperstarswillgetdivorcedinthefuture?Giventime,hewillbeagooddancer.7.Thegirlinpinkismydaughter.8.Iwillloveyouheartandsoul.adverbialadverbialadverbialattribute

Readthesentencesanddiscussthefunctionsoftheunderlinedpartsinthesentences.Understandtheusage.Mybrothergotanewtoycartoplaywith.√Howmanyinfinitivesarethereinthesentence?A.1.

B.2.

C.3.Lookatthefollowingsentenceandchoosethecorrectanswer.Studythegrammar.Infinitivesastheattributeandtheadverbial动词不定式作定语和状语动词不定式作定语:通常是后置定语，即放在被修饰词后。

(1)不定式作定语表示将来的动作。Iborrowedsomebookstoreadduringmyholiday.我借了几本假期里要读的书。TheconferencetobeheldinBeijingnextmonthisboundtobeagreatsuccess.下月将在北京召开的会议一定会圆满成功。(2)作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须加相应的介词。Iamlookingforaroomtolivein.我正在找一间屋子住。注意:如果被不定式修饰的名词为place、time、way等，不定式后的介词习惯上可以省去。Hehadnomoneyandnoplacetolive(in).

他没有钱也没地方住。(3)当中心词是序数词或是被序数词、形容词最高级、thenext、theonly、thelast等修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。Heisalwaysthefirsttobearhardshipsandthelasttoenjoycomforts.他是一个总是吃苦在前、享乐在后的人。Humanlifeisregardedaspartofnatureand,assuch,theonlywayforus

tosurviveistoliveinharmonywithnature.人类生活被认为是自然的一部分，同样，我们存活下去的唯一的方法是和自然和谐相处。Studythegrammar.(4)抽象名词ability、chance、idea、wish、fact、excuse、promise、attempt、opportunity、way、ambition等常用动词不定式作定语。Theabilitytoexpressanideaisasimportantastheideaitself.表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。注意:不定式作定语时，若句子主语是不定式动作的执行者，用主动形式;若句子主语不是不定式动作的执行者，则用被动形式。Doyouhaveanythingtosend?你有什么东西要寄吗?(不定式

tosend的动作执行者是句子的主语you)Doyouhaveanythingtobesent?你有什么要(我或别人)寄的东西吗?(不定式tobesent的动作执行者不是句子的主语you，而是被省略的me或someoneelse)Studythegrammar.动词不定式作状语：主要用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。在句中，不定式可以作目的状语、结果状语或原因状语。

(1)作目的状语。表示“为了……”，可放在句首或句末。常用结构为todo、inordertodo、soastodo(不能置于句首)等。Icomeheretosaygood-byetoyou.我来这是为了向你告别。

Toincreaselevelsofcommunityservice,someschoolshavelaunchedcompulsoryvolunteerprogrammes.为了提高社区服务水平，一些学校已经发起了义务志愿者服务计划。Studythegrammar.Studythegrammar.(2)作结果状语。不定式作结果状语通常放在句末。常用于下列结构中:Hesearchedtheroomonlytofindnothing.他搜索了房间,没发现什么。Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.他到上学的年龄了。onlytodo表示意想不到的结果adj./adv.+enoughtodo足够……做……too...todo太……而不能做……so/such...asto...如此……以至于……

(3)作原因状语。表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词作表语时，后可接不定式作原因状语，用以说明产生这种心理活动或情绪的原因，常用于这类结构的形容词有sorry、surprised、disappointed、excited、glad、happy、anxious、delighted、pleased、foolish等。I’mpleasedtohearaboutyournews.听到你的消息我很高兴。Studythegrammar.StepII应用实践Lookatthefollowingsentencesandfocusontheitalicisedinfinitives.Inpairs,discusstheirfunctionsandmeanings.Findmoreexamplesfromtheunit.1.Itrainedforalongtimetoflyairplanesasafighterpilot.2.Asweallknow,anastronautneedstobehealthyandcalminorderto

work

inspace.3.Firstofall,youmustbeintelligentenoughtogetarelatedcollegedegree.4.Scientistsweredeterminedtorealisethedreamtoexplorespace.5.On12April1961,YuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworldtogo

into

space.infinitiveasadverbialinfinitiveasadverbialinfinitiveasadverbialinfinitiveasattributeinfinitiveasattributeLookatthefollowingsentencesandfocusontheitalicisedinfinitives.Inpairs,discusstheirfunctionsandmeanings.Findmoreexamplesfromtheunit.Othersentencesfromtheunitinclude:•Today,scientistsdesignvehiclestocarryastronautsintospaceto

makeimportantdiscoveries.(asattribute;asadverbial)•Forexample,on5September1977,America’sNASAspaceagencylaunchedVoyager1tostudydeepspace,...(asadverbial)•However,whilesuchdisastersbroughtmuchsadnessanddisappointment,thedesiretoexploretheuniversedidnotdie.(asattribute)•Chinabecamethethirdcountryintheworldtoindependently

sendhumansintospacein2003,...(asattribute)Lookatthefollowingsentencesandfocusontheitalicisedinfinitives.Inpairs,discusstheirfunctionsandmeanings.Findmoreexamplesfromtheunit.Othersentencesfromtheunitinclude:•...,followedbythevehicleJadeRabbitbeingsenttothemoontostudyitssurface.(asadverbial)•On23July2020,ChinasentTianwen1toexplorethesurfaceofMars.(asadverbial)•...,Chinacompletedanumberofrocketmissiontoestablishitsownspacestation.(asadverbial)•ManycountrieshaveplanstofurtherstudyplanetslikeMarsandJupiter.(asattribute)Rewritethesentencesusinginfinitivesor“inorderto/soasto+do”.Changetheitalicisedpartsaccordingly.3.Mankindhasalwaysbeencuriousabouttheuniverseand

manypeoplehavedreamtthatonedaytheywouldflyintospace.4.Astronauts’bonesandmusclescangetveryweakinspace

duetothelackofgravity,sotheyneedtoexerciseeveryday,

whichwillhelpthemstayhealthy.Mankindhasalwaysbeencuriousabouttheuniverseandmanypeoplehavethedreamtoflyintospaceoneday.Astronauts’bonesandmusclescangetveryweakinspaceduetothelackofgravity,sotheyneedtoexerciseeverydayto/inorderto/soastostayhealthy.Rewritethesentencesusinginfinitivesor“inorderto/soasto+do”.Changetheitalicisedpartsaccordingly.5.Astronautshavetousetapetostickeverythingdownwhile

workinginspacebecauseeverythingwouldfloatoffotherwise.6.Duringaspacewalk,astronautshavetomoveslowlysothat

theycankeeptheirbodiesundercontrol.Astronautshavetousetapetostickeverythingdownwhileworkinginspaceto/inorderto/soastokeepeverythingfromfloatingoff.Duringaspacewalk,astronautshavetomoveslowlyto/inorderto/soastokeeptheirbodiesundercontrol.1.Thespaceshuttle(航天飞机)wascreatedasareusablelaunchvehicle__________astronautsandotherequipmentintospaceandbackagain.Theshuttlelookslikeanordinaryplanebutithasacargobay(货仓)thatislargeenough__________asatellite.2.Spaceprobes(航天探测器)areoftensenttoplacesthataretoofarawayortoodangerousforahuman________footin.Forexample,in1977,Voyagerlwassent_________picturesoftheplanetsSaturnandJupiter.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.tocarrytoholdtosettotakeholdbuildprovidelivesettakecarrylaunchselectfall3.TheInternationalSpaceStationwastoobig___________onEarthand_________intospace,sodifferentcountriesworkedtogetherandbuiltabout100modules.Afterwards,thesemoduleswerejoinedtogetherinspace__________livingquarters,laboratories,andotherequipmentforastronauts________formonths.4.Asthefirstwoman___________tomakeatripintospace,Tereshkovafeltluckyandproud.Whenthegreatdayfinallycame,shewasalmosttooexcited_________asleep!CompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsintheboxtobebuiltlaunchedtoprovidetoliveselectedtofallholdbuildprovidelivesettakecarrylaunchselectfallSendingpeopletootherplanetsorevenbeyondthesolarsystemisnotaneasygoal______________(achieve).Oneoftheproblemsisthatthetripwouldtakeaverylongtime.Forexample,_________(use)currenttechnolo