高二同步备课资料：UnitRobots语言要点

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精Unit2Robots一、语言要点I单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词汇部分词语辨析1.desire/wish/hope/expect/want/longfor2.assess/access3.victory/success/conquest/triumph词形变化1。satisfactionn。满意satisfyv。使满意satisfyingadj.令人满足的satisfiedadj。感到满意的2。alarmedadj。感到惊吓的alarmv.&n.n.警报vt.恐吓,警告3.declarev.断言，宣称declarationn。宣布，宣言，声明重点单词desiren.渴望vt。想要satisfactionn。满意alarmn.警报vt。使```惊恐sympathyn.同情accompanyvt。陪伴declarevt。宣布envyvt。嫉妒junioradj.较年幼的divorcen。离婚vt。与```离婚重点词组testout考验ringup打电话给turnaround转向leave…alone不打扰setaside将```放在一边beboundto一定做……重点句型1.Clairedidn’twanttherobotinherhouse，especiallyasherhusbandwouldbeabsentforthreeweeks,butLarrypersuadedherthattherobotwouldn’tharmherorallowhertobeharmed。2。Assheturnedaround,therestoodGladysClaffern.3。Asimovbeganhavingstoriespublishedinsciencefictionmagazinesin1939。重点语法复习被动语态(包括动词不定式）(I）(见语法专题)II词语辨析（旨在提供完形填空所需材料）1).desire/wish/hope/expect/want/longfor【解释】desire属正式用语,可代替wish和want,强调“主观愿望的热切性”，含有“强烈希望做某事"的意思,wish语气比desire弱，一般用于“难以实现或不可能实现的愿望”，指“希望”、“愿"、“想”hope表示实现的可能性较大的希望expect侧重“期待，预期,指望”want多用于口语式普通场合，指“想"、“要”或“需要",表示“偏爱、选择"或“需要、热爱"longfor表“希望，渴望”【练习】选择desire/wish/hope/expect/want或longfor并用其适当的形式填空1)I_______Icouldhaveanewcar.2)I_____adictionaryatthepresenttime。3)Hemanagedtogetthebookhe______finally。4)I______animmediateanswerofyours。5）personally，ourcityteamhasbetterplayersandI______themtowin6）Hehasbeenworkingabroadforyears，andis_______tocomebackandseehisfamilyverymuch.Keys：1)wish2）want3)desired4)desire/expect/want5)expect6)longing2).assess/access【解释】assessvt.估定，评定.accessn。通路,访问,入门【练习】选择assess或access，并用其适当的形式填空1)Damagesinthegreatearthquakewere______atseveralhundredbillion。2)Onlypersonswithapermithas______totherestrictedarea；Keys:1）assessed2)access3）victory/success/conquest/triumph【解释】victory指“在战争、竞赛、斗争中获胜”,并有“击败对方或敌人”的含义success对预期的、计划的、尝试的事物的目标达到conquest指“征服某国或某民族,从而使之处于被支配地位的胜利或战胜"triumph指“辉煌或彻底的胜利或成功”【练习】选择victory/success/conquest或triumph并用其适当的形式填空1）Theywona______inbattle.2）Thegeneralwithhissoldiersreturnedhomein_______3）Aftertheseriousbomb,theysucceededinthe______ofthatcity.4）Theconferencewasa_______.Keys：1）victory2)triumph3）conquest4）successIII词性变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）1.satisfactionn.满意satisfyv.使满意satisfyingadj.令人满足的satisfiedadj。感到满意的2。alarmedadj.感到惊吓的alarmn.警报vt。恐吓,警告3。declarev.断言,宣称declarationn.宣布，宣言，声明【练习】根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1）Wehada______mealtogetherlastSunday。Alltheguestsarevery______。（satisfaction）2)Iwassleepingsoundlyintheearlymorningwhenatelephone_______meawake。Iwaseven______tohearthe______newsthatanotherbombinghadhitLondon。（alarm)3)What______thewomenmostwasthatwhentheyweretalkingaboutthe_______newaboutthegirl，shebecameso_______thatsheranawayassoonassheheardthis.（embarrass）4）Thenewly—electedpresident_______hissupportfortheterrorists。Hemustberesponsibleforhis______。(declare）5）He______tohisfriendswhyhewaslatebutnoneofthemthoughthis_______believable。（explain)keys：1.satisfying；satisfied2。alarmed；alarmed;alarming3.embarrassed；embarrassing;embarrassed4。declared;declaration5.explained;explanationIV重点词汇（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1.desiren.渴望vt。想要[重点用法］desiresth.渴望得到某物desiretodosth.希望/渴望做某事desirethatsb.（should）do要求……haveadesireforsth。/todosth.渴望得到某物/希望做某事atone’sdesire照某人的希望［典例]1）Wealldesirehappinessandhealth.我们都希望幸福健康。2)Everyonehasadesireforsuccess，butnoeveryonedesiretogetrich。每个人都渴望成功，但并非人人都渴望金钱。3)Hedesiresyoutogotoseehimatonce。他要求你马上去见他。=hedesiresthatyoushouldgotoseehimatonce。[练习］汉译英1）他想受到大学教育。___________________________________________________________________________________2)他们要我快点回来。___________________________________________________________________________________3）我请他立即回信.___________________________________________________________________________________4）她要你立即见她。___________________________________________________________________________________5)她应邀演奏了一曲.Keys:1）Hedesiredacollegeeducation.2）Theydesiremetoreturnsoon.3)Idesireanimmediateanswerofhis。4)Shedesiresthatyou（should）seeheratonce。5)Sheplayedapieceatothers’desire/bydesire。satisfactionn。满意［重点用法］satisfactoryn.满意的,satisfyv。满足，使满意,demandsatisfaction要求赔偿；feelsatisfactionat.。。对感到满意findsatisfactionin对...感到满意tosb。’ssatisfaction(tothesatisfactionofsb.）达到使某人满意的程度withsatisfaction满意地［典例]1)Atlast，thewholeclassfoundsatisfactionintheirwork.最终，全班都对他们的工作感到满意。2)Whathepromisedcouldnotsatisfyhisfamily.他的许诺并未能使他的家人满意。［练习]汉译英1)买到想要的东西，她满意地离开了超市。___________________________________________________________________________________2）他的试验结果似乎令人满意。___________________________________________________________________________________3)这些条件中你至少要符合一项，否则就不能成为本俱乐部的会员。___________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1)Havingboughtwhatshewanted,sheleftthesupermarketwithsatisfaction。2)Theresultofhistestseemedtobesatisfactory。3）Ifyoudon’tsatisfyatleastoneoftheconditions，youcan’tbecomeamemberofourclub。alarmn.警报vt.使```惊恐[重点用法］give/raisethealarm发警报ringthealarm敲警钟soundthealarm发警报；吹警报号take(the)alarmat对..。感到吃惊；因...而惊恐bealarmedat..。被。..吓一跳[典例]1)Weweremuchalarmedbythefireintheforest.森林失火使我们大为惊慌。2)Assoonashesawthesmoke，hesoundedthealarm。看见火灾爆发，他鸣响了警报。［练习］汉译英1）看到孩子们在返校时遭遇车祸的消息，家长们感到很害怕。___________________________________________________________________________________2）看到大火,社区的居民发出警报。___________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1)Theparentstookthealarmatthenewsthattheirchildrencaughtatrafficaccidencewhenretuningtheschool.2)Theresidentsinthecommunityraisedthealarmwhenseeingthegreatfire.4。sympathyn.同情［重点用法]feel/havesympathyfor同情某人insympathywith同情;赞成；和..。一致outofsympathywith对..。不同情；不赞成；对。.。没有同感，和。。.不一致winsympathyof博得。..的同情[典例]1）Hegavethepoorchildsomemoneyoutofsympathy.出于同情，他给了这个穷孩子一点钱。2）Heisinsympathywiththeirbeliefs.他与他们的信仰一致.[练习]汉译英1)听完这个故事，他对她目前的情况深感同情。___________________________________________________________________________________2）通过描述他悲惨的童年,他赢得路人的同情。___________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1）Afterhearingthestory,hefeltsympathyforherpresentsituation.2）Hewonthesympathyofpassers-bybydescribinghismiserablechildhood.5。accompanyvt.陪伴[重点用法］accompanysb.toaplace陪伴某人去某地accompanysth.with/bysth.与…同时存在[典例］1)Heaccompaniedhisoldfathertothehospitaltoseewhat'swrongwithhisstomach。他陪他的老父亲去医院查看胃部出了什么问题。2)Thundersaccompaniedbyheavyraininthisseasonareverycommon。这个季节，雷鸣常常伴有大雨。［练习］汉译英1)总统出现了被六个健壮的保镖护随着。___________________________________________________________________________________2)回到家乡,他的老同学们陪着他参观了这个城市。___________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1）Thepresidentappearedandwasaccompaniedbysixstrongbodyguards.2)Whenretuninghometown,hewasshownaroundthecityaccompaniedbyhisoldclassmates.declarevt.宣布［重点用法］declaresth.宣布……declaresb./sth。（tobe）+n。/adj.宣布……为……declarethatdeclarewaron/upon对…宣战declareagainst/for…声明反对/赞成[典例］1）Shedeclaredthatshedidn’twanttoseehimagain。她宣称她再也不愿见到他.2）Soontheywilldeclarehimtheownerofthehouse.很快他们就会宣布他为房子的主人.3）Thegovernmentpassedalawthatdeclareditillegaltocatchandsellthiskindofanimals。政府通过法律宣布捕捉贩卖这种动物是非法的。[练习］汉译英1)那个女明星最近宣称要嫁给一个富人然后退出舞台。___________________________________________________________________________________2）公司宣布老板的儿子依法成为公司继承人。___________________________________________________________________________________Keys：1)Thepopularactressdeclaredrecentlythatshewouldmarryarichgentlemanandretirefromthestage.2）Thecompanydeclaredthesonofthebosstobethesuccessorbylaw.envyvt。嫉妒［重点用法]envysb。sth.妒忌/羡慕某人某物becometheenvyofsb。成为令人嫉妒/羡慕的事物beinenvyofone’ssuccess羡慕某人的成功outofenvy出于嫉妒/羡慕［典例］1）Allherworkmatesenviedher（for）herpromotion。所有的同事都羡慕她的晋升.2）Histalentformusicbecomestheenvyoftheothercompetitors。他在音乐方面的天分让其他人对手感到羡慕。［练习］汉译英1)他们的新房子受到邻居的羡慕。___________________________________________________________________________________2）出于妒忌，他作了伪证___________________________________________________________________________________Keys：1)Theirnewhousemadethemtheenvyoftheirneighbors.2)Hemadethefaultwitnessoutofenvy。V重点词组（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）testout考验；试验[典例］1）Thismodelhadbeentestedoutbeforeitwasputintoproduction.这个型号经过试验后才进行大批量生产.2)Beforethelecture，theprofessorisusedtotestingoutthewholeexperiment.上课前，这个教授习惯先将整个实验试验一番.［短语归纳］testonsb。/sth.在……(身上)做实验/试验have/takeatestin参加……考试[练习]汉译英1）成千上万的人们将参加这周日的公务员考试。___________________________________________________________________________________2）那个咨询顾问习惯先将新的政策在他自己的公司里进行实验。___________________________________________________________________________________Keys：1）TensofthousandsofpeoplewilltakeanentrancetestforgovernmentofficersthisSunday。2)Theconsultantwouldtestthenewpolicyonhisowncompanyfirst。ringup打电话给……［短语归纳]ringback回电话ringoff挂断电话；停止讲话ringabell唤醒经常是模糊的记忆ringupthecurtain开始：开始一场演出，一个事件或一次行动[典例］1)Ihavetoringoffnowbecausemyfriendiswaitingforme。我朋友在等我,我得挂电话了。2)Onarrivingattheairport，heranguphismothertosayeverythingwasok。一到达机场,他就打电话给他母亲报平安。[练习］汉译英1)今早他刚起床就有人给他打电话了。___________________________________________________________________________________2)见到老板进来,他赶紧挂断电话假装在工作.___________________________________________________________________________________Keys：1）Themomenthegotupthismorning,someoneranghimup。2）Seeinghisbosscoming，hehurriedtoringoffandpretendedtobeworking。turnaround转向［典例］1)Heheardavoicebutwhenheturnedaround,hesawnobody。他听到声音，但转身却没发现有人。2)Ashewalkedtowardsthehotel,hesuddenlyturnedaroundandfoundanoldladyfollowinghim.当他朝旅馆走去时，突然转身发现一个老妇人跟着他。[短语归纳］turnaway把（脸)转过去turnagainst背叛,反抗turnon/off打开/关掉turnup出现/调大(音量）turndown拒绝，调小（音量)turnout结果是;证明是；[练习]汉译英1）那年轻的女士无法想象要是她的丈夫背叛她的话会是怎么样。___________________________________________________________________________________2)虽然贫穷，但是女孩毅然地拒绝了别人的帮助。___________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1）Theyoungladycannotimaginewhatifherhusbandturnsagainsther。2)Thoughpoor，thegirlturneddownothers’helpfirmly。leave…alone不打扰［短语归纳］leavebehind留下，遗留leaveaside（把某事）搁置一边leavefor出发前往leaveout省去，遗漏，不考虑[典例］1）Leavehimaloneandhewillproduce.别打扰他，他会写出来的。2)Hewasaskedtoleaveforanothercityin24hours。他被要求24小时内离开到另一个城市去。3)Theteacherrequiredustoleaveoutsomeunnecessarywordsinouressays.老师让我们将论文中不必要的词语省去.4)Youshouldn’thaveleftAndyaloneinthemountains；itwasverydangerous.你不该将Andy留在山上，因为那非常危险.［练习]汉译英1)老板捐款潜逃了，只留下一间空厂房。___________________________________________________________________________________2)听到警报，警察丢下家人冲出去看发生了什么事.___________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1)Thebossescapedwithallhisfortuneandleftanemptyfactorybehind.2）Hearingthealarm,thepolicemanlefthisfamilybehindandrushedouttoseewhathappened.setaside将……放在一边；节省或保留（时间,金钱）［短语归纳］setdown写下,记下setoff开始动身（foraplace)setup创立，建立，搭起setout出发，着手做某事（todosth.）setaboutdoing着手做，开始做……[典例]1）Wouldyoupleasesetasidesometimetolistentomyrealidea?你可以腾出点时间听听我的想法吗?2)Thedepartmentsetasidethethingstheyweredoingandconcentratedonamoreurgenttask.这个部门的成员放下手头的事情，全力以赴一项更紧急的任务。[练习]汉译英1)父亲放下报纸点了一支烟.___________________________________________________________________________________2）他努力工作省下钱给他儿子上大学。___________________________________________________________________________________Keys：1）Fathersetasidethenewspaperandlitacigarette.2)Heisworkinghardtosetasidesomemoneyforhissontogotocollege.6。beboundto一定做……［典例]1)Wemissedthebus.We'reboundtobelate.我们错过了那趟车,我们肯定要迟到了.2）She'sboundtobemayor。她注定会成为市长。［练习］汉译英1)他那么用功，一定会成功的。____________________________________________________________________________________2）这项新发现对于人类必定大有用处。____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1)Withmuchhardwork，heisboundtosucceed.2）Thenewdiscoveryisboundtobeofgreatservicetomankind。VI重点句子(旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）1。Clairedidn’twanttherobotinherhouse,especiallyasherhusbandwouldbeabsentforthreeweeks，butLarrypersuadedherthattherobotwouldn’tharmherorallowhertobeharmed。克莱尔并不想把机器人留在家里,特别是在她丈夫离加三周的这个期间。但是，克莱尔被拉里说服了。他说，机器人不会伤害她，也不会让别人来伤害她.[解释]tobeharmed：动词不定式的被动语态。［典例]1)AllthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediatelysoastobereceivedintimeforChristmas。所有的这些礼物必须及时邮寄，以便在圣诞节及时收到。2)ItremainstobeseenwhetherJim’llbefitenoughtoplayinthefinals.吉姆最后是否适合演出仍将拭目以待。[练习]汉译英1）小汤姆假装被射中了哭喊着要糖吃。2)此药得一日三次,饭后服用.___________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1)LittleTompretendedtobeshotandcriedforacandy.2）Themedicineisrequiredtobetakenthreetimesadayaftermeals。2.Assheturnedaround,therestoodGladysClaffern.当他转过身时，(她发现）Gladys站在那儿。［解释]therestoodGladysClaffern倒装句。在谓语为动词go,come,run,stand,live等表示位置转移的动词及be动词的句子中，为了强调句子中一些副词there,here，up,down，in，out