艺术设计中英文对照外文翻译文献

PAGE1中英文对照外文翻译(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)原文：officespacedesign一、thelayoutoftheearlyofficespace(一)officespaceconcept"Officespaceisdefinedintheconceptofspace,"asthenamesuggests,"officespace"istoprovideenvironmentcanbeusedfortheneedsofthepeople,anditmustnotonlyreferstotheofficeortheisolatedspace,butwithrespecttothecommercialspace,entertainmentspace,residentialspace,forfrombusinessactivitiesandorgans,enterprisesandinstitutionstohandletheadministrativeaffairsandtheofficeenvironment.(二)thegenerationofofficespaceTheAthensCharterhasdividedhumanbasicsocialactivitiesintofourcategories:living,working,gamesandtransportation..Andofficeisoneofthemostimportantsocialactivitiesofhumanbeings..Infact,therealsenseoftheofficespaceinthewestaftertheindustrialrevolution.Duringthisperiod,thesocietydevelopedrapidly,andthenewmaterial,newtechnologyandnewfunction.Resultinginalargenumberofnew,morefreeandopenindoorenvironment.(三)layoutanalysisofofficespaceAtthattime,thetypicalthreetypesofofficespacelayoutare:1.Cellular(hive):Thisistheindustrialproductionlineofthetypeofwork,thespaceisnarrow,workersarecrowdedintogetherlikeabeebusywork,littleinteraction,autonomylowanddailyworkthesame,workefficiencyisverylowaworkingmode.2independentstudio(CELL):lessinteractive,lackofcommunicationbetweenpeople.3living(DEN):thelivingroomoftheworkingenvironmentwithteamwork,highlyinteractive,butlowautonomy.TeammemberscanshareofficeequipmentBecauseofthedifferencesinthehistoryandcultureofEuropeandAmerica,thereisabigdifferenceintheperformanceoftheofficebuildings..Inthespecialemphasisonmoney,powerandheroisminNorthAmerica,developersareoftenkeentobuildmajesticofficebuilding.Theemphasisonorderandcontrolofenterprisemanagementisalsomakingthestaffastheindividualitselfcannotaffecttheofficeenvironment.InnorthernEurope,theNordicofficebuildinglooksmorehuman,comparedwithNorthAmerica.Thestartingpointofbuildingdesignisnottheexpressionofpowerwill,butitisoftenfromtheactualneedsofitself.Ordinaryemployeesintheworkalsohavetherighttorequestthequalityofofficeenvironmentaccordingtotheirownneedsandpreferences.二、thespacelayoutofmodernofficespace(一)thestatusquoofofficespaceSpaceistheplaceofworklife.Thisnewconceptofofficespace,itshistory,butacentury,andthechangehasfollowedthetimes.TwentiethCenturymanynewinventionscompletelychangedtheworkenvironmentoftheofficebuilding,themechanizationofmassproductionwillbealotoflaborinhalationofthecity.Underthesupportofefficientmanagementtheory,systemmodernizationdesignandhugecomplextechnology,officedevelopmentbecomesthe"hightechboxforpeople"swork.".However,manynewinventionsofthenewcentury,suchasnetwork,e-mailandmobilecommunications,etc.,havethesamecatalyticeffectontheofficespaceintwenty-firstCentury..Thenewinventionsareamodelforthenewcentury,andofficespaceisbeingpresentedinanewway,unliketheonethatwasbeforeus..EarlymoderninChina,theofficeisbelongstothelocalgovernmentofficeworkers,aregenerallyintheformofasmallbay,Tongzilouappeared,aroomisalsothelargest10squaremeters,thedecorationinsideputafewtablesputafewchairs,justsimplecanworkto,andthisbelongtothescopeoftheuseofsomeleaders,ordinarymoreemployeesdonothaveadecentofficeenvironment.Inthemodernofficeenvironment,withtherhythmofthetimesandthetransformationofthelayoutoftheofficespacegeneratedtremendouschanges.Theseearlyofficeswereobviouslylackofcompetitiveness,andgraduallyreplacedbythedevelopmentofthetimesandgraduallyimprovedthenewofficespacelayout..Fromthespace,thelayoutoftheofficealsobegantoemphasizeopenstyle.Inanopenlargeofficespace,notonlyisconducivetotheleadershipofthestaffsupervision,moreconducivetotheexchangebetweenemployees,easeoforganization,managementandcoordination.Withtherapiddevelopmentofsociety,peopleincreasinglyhighdemandforofficespace,officespace,thesignificanceofnotonlyfocusonformalbeauty,butalsorelatestotheefficiencyoftheoffice,thelandscapeandtheintelligentproblems,officespacecurrentlyinthedesignofthenewtrendofdevelopment,newspaceconcept.Atpresent,thepopularofficespacebasedonthelayoutofthelayoutcanbesummarizedintofourcategories:honeycombtype,roomtype,teamtypeandclubtype.Inthedesignofdifferententerprisesinthedesignofofficespaceshouldtakeintoaccountthedistinctionbetweenthecompany'sbusinessandofficeofinformationdevelopment,accordingtotheneedtailor-made.Firstisthehoneycombtype(hive),honeycombtypebelongstothetypicalopenspace,self-disciplineandinteractivenature,whichistheleastroutine,repetitivehighandlowpersonalenthusiasmoftheworkpatterns,suitableforninetofiveor24hourshiftwork.Theofficeusesopenformandthereislessinteractionbetweencolleagues,whichismoretraditionalofficeplanning.Typically,thisformoftypicalworkingspace,includingbanking,financeandadministrativestaff,dataentryandcustomerservicecenter,etc..Thesecondisthegrouptype(DEN),theteamtypebelongstotheteamtypeofworkspace,self-disciplineislowbutinteractivehigh.Officespaceisusuallyopenspaceorindependentgrouprooms,eachwithfixedworkingtableandcomputers,photocopiersandotherofficeequipmentsharing,whichalsocontainsthecommonnegotiationtableorconferencetablespacefordiscussion.Thistypeofworkershasdesignteam,researchanddevelopmentteam,multimediadepartment,insurancebusinesspersonnel,etc..Thethreechambertype(cell),thechamberofsecretsismorepersonalspacetoworkindependently,selfhighdegreeofinteractionandpoor,forpersonal,attentionandlessinteractiveworkandworktimeandplaceisnottherule.Thisofficehasaseparateroom,orinopenspace,thereareahighofficecompartment,whereavarietyofofficefunctions,sothattheindividualworkundisturbed.Thistypeofworkerincludesanaccountant,alawyer,acomputerengineerandacompanymanagement..AfourthClub(Club),clubisbothindividualandteamwork,oftenneedtogroupdiscussionandworkforalongtime,placeisnotrestricted,suitableforself-disciplineandhighlyinteractiveknowledgeworkers.Thistypeofofficerequiresaseparateworkspace,butalsoafrequentinteractionwithcolleagues.Thismakesthespacelayoutistodospatialprivacybutalsotakeintoaccounttheopenspace.Inthisform,personalseatisnotfixed,butpayattentiontoprivacy,personalworkwithoutinterference.Talkregioncanaccommodateminorityormajoritypeopletogethertodiscussandthesetalksdistrictisnotjustlimitedinmeetingroomsandotherfixedregion,whenindividualresearchproblemscanbediscussedinthebaranddiningareaorcomfortablesofa.Officespacedesignofclubhasattractedthemostattention.Partofthereasonisthiskindofofficetopromotefullofcreativearchitecturethuswasborn,butleadingdesignerscreativeerainthetestworkfamilyfitness.Therearenoseparateofficesinthisoffice,andeachofthemisdesignedforthepurposeoftheobject,suchasthecouchbetweenthelivingroom,thecoffeehouse,etc..Inaddition,thisdesigncansavemoney,forthistypeofworkwithadvertising,media,publicrelations,network,managementconsultantsandothercompaniesandallkindsofcreativedepartmentsofthecompany.Forexample,theAndersonConsultingCompanyheadquartersfromFrancetotenthousandsquaremetersofofficetothenewheadquartersofseventhousandsquaremeters,ayearcansave$onemillion.However,thisdesignapproachisthemostcriticizedthestaffmorale,becauseemployeesfeellostinsuchanofficeenvironment.(二)theimpactofchangesinofficespacelayoutSpaceisthelayoutandpattern,whichreferstothephysicalandpsychologicalsegmentationofthespace..Thedesignofofficespaceneedstoconsidermanyfactors,whichinvolvesmanyotherfactors,suchasscience,technology,humanities,art,etc..Theultimategoalofofficespaceinteriordesignistocreateacomfort,convenience,health,safety,highefficiencyworkingenvironmentforthestaff,toagreaterextenttoimprovetheefficiencyofthestaff.Thisgoalismoreimportantinthecurrentcommercialcompetition,itisthebasisforofficespacedesign.Withofficespaceisdifferentfromordinaryresidential,itisbythethreeregionaloffice,conferenceroom,corridortoforminnerspacefunction,fromtheviewofofficeorganizationandnaturallightingandventilationinfavorof,thedepthusuallyto9metersisthebasicsize.Thebiggestfeatureofofficespaceisthepublicity,thisspaceshouldtakecareoftheaestheticneedsandfunctionoftheemployees..Thecurrentofficespacedesignconceptofthemostemphasizedelementsof:Teamspace.Twoispublicspace.Thereareanumberofofficespace,thepublicpartofthesmaller,fromtheelevatoruptothelobby,intotheoffice,thelackofconversionprocess.Agooddesignmusthaveaspacetransition,notonlyaislecorridors,theremustbeanenvironment,thereisaprocessfromthepublicspaceovertotheprivatespace.Ofcourse,somecustomerswillthinkthisisnotverywaste,infact,thisisentirelyanotherconcept.Forexample,theelevatordoorisdesignedtobepartofthelivingroomornegotiationroom,thesameistoachievepublicspaceandprivatespaceaseparate,formingadifferentrhythm.Asapublicspace,notonlyhaveaformalmeetingroomsandotherpublicspace,butalsoinformalpublicspace,suchasacomfortabletea,deliberatelyvacatedcorner.Informalpublicspaceallowsemployeestomeeteachothernaturally,thecasualchatoutideasthatareoftenbeyondtheformalmeeting.Atthesametime,alsomakecommunicationbetweenemployeescanbestrengthened.Atthesametime,theofficespacetogiveemployeestoautonomy.Thefreedomtodresstheirpersonalspace.三、thedevelopmenttrendofofficespaceinthefutureInthefuture,therewillbemoreandmoreoftheofficeenvironmentinthespacelayoutandstrivetoaccountforthehumanfactor,uniquepersonality,andlikeasmallcommunity,theofficeenvironmentasman-madethings,whoseattributesaremoreandmoretoarousepeople'sattention,thediversifieddesignofofficespaceshouldbebecome"humanization"spacecreationisoneofthemajorcharacteristics,inpeople'slifeandworkhaveapositivepsychologicalsaidresponseandaverygoodfeelingisthemaindesigngoalinordertoachieve.MicrosoftchairmanBillGatesoncesaid,"theimaginationofemployeesisMicrosoft'sbiggestassets.Therefore,atMicrosoftheadquartersinanareaof265acres,theseniorstaffhasarelativelyindependentandfullyaccordingtotheofficeoftheirmeaningandstylelayout,whicharetostimulatetheimaginationandcreativityofthestaff,ashapesissuccessfulexampleoflife,influencedbytheworkofdesign.Thecontentofhumannatureofofficespacedesignwillbechangedduetodifferentindustries,anddiversifieddesignmeetsthisrequirement..FamousIntelisallemployees,evenPresidentofthepresenceofanopenforce,office(OpenOffice),lowtranslucentgrilleforpeopletocommunicateanywhereandanytime,interactive,inspired.Thetwoofficespacedesignexampleisforenterprisestobe}fractureemployeesactualdemand,thereisnouniformlaw,importantpurposeisletthebossandemployeeseemstobeequal,soastoproduceasenseoftrust.Theformerletindividualthinkingandconstantlyproducecreativewhichemphasizesteamwork,embodiesmoregroupstohelpthespirit.Shortforpeopleanywheretranslucentgridcommunication,interactionandinspiration.Thetwoofficespacedesignexampleisforenterprisestobe}fractureemployeesactualdemand,thereisnouniformlaw,importantpurposeisletthebossandemployeeseemstobeequal,soastoproduceasenseoftrust.Theformerletindividualthinkingandconstantlyproducecreativewhichemphasizesteamwork,embodiesmoregroupstohelpthespirit.,therewillbemoreandmoreenterpriseswillbeleisurespaceandpublicspaceinfrontoftheofficearea,suchadesign,letvisitorsnotastomarchintotheofficearea,affecttheemployee'sworkclearthread,alsoletvisitorssetfootinthedoor,theoncomingisteaflavorandthickcoffeeflavor,inlightmusicaccompaniedwiththereceptionconversation,inarelaxedandtrustingatmospheretowinbusinessopportunities,asuccess.Pastofficeuniform,inthelayoutofthehomefurnishingsinthehomefurnishings,thesameasboring.Inthelayoutoftheofficespaceaftertheminiaturization,family,peoplehavemoreperformanceself,personalityspaceandfreedom.Differentlevelsofofficegroups,intheirownculturalawareness,aesthetic,thedifferenttastes,theneedalsoreflectsalotofdifferences.Therefore,thedesignoftheextensionshouldcontinuetodecrease.Then,themarket"diversityorientation"determinesthedesignof"diversification".AfterthedesignwillnothavesomestripsofKuangKuangandbound,exaggeratedformandvariationtechniqueisoneofthenotablefeaturesofandformsfromtheinnocentandfunnytobizarre,fromfantasytovirtualcanbecomeareality.Andfutureofofficeandhomefurnituredoesnothavestrictclassificationandobviousdifference,inthemodernhome,theyfound.-kindofflowingspaceformandthespaceofflowsaroundthethreebasicfunctionsofliving,livingroom,office,itsfurnishingsmostwasmergedwiththetwoofficeandlivingenvironment,thedeskisamultifunctionalcomputerdesk,chaircanlift,canbesuitablefortheoffice,watchingtelevisionandavarietyofenvironments.Surrealatmosphereofdiversifieddesignoftenneedtobreakthroughthetraditionalspaceapproach,usingthesurfaceorinterfacewithliquidityandstrongexaggeratedcolor,verydramaticlightsandlighting,personalizedactivitieswithinthelimitedspacewithvarioustechnologicalmeanstobreakthroughtherealityspace,beyondthetraditionalconceptofthree-dimensionalspace,makepeopleawayfromthehustleandbustleoftheworld,seekingaspiritualhome,ultimatelyachievethecreationofsequentialcutinto.Ininthepast,peoplestronglyemphasizedworkingandlivingdifferentconnotationofthetwokindsofspace,andthetwohaveobviousdifferenceofspatialform,furnitureandfurnishings,interfacetreatmenttoemphasizethisdistinction,andinthenewideasinthefuturethisdistinctionwillgraduallyfaded,insteadwillbemorecomfortableandpleasant,withtemporaryandappropriatepersonalizedfuturehumanizedofficespace.Theultimatepower,publicspaceinfrontofpeopleisthecreation,thepursuitoftimeandspaceefficiency,andwiththevarietyoffunctions.Inthepastintherapiddevelopmentandeconomiclevelisrelativelylow,manypeoplestillcannotcompletelygetridofthetraditionalofficemodel,thisundoubtedlygivedesignersmorechallengingandimaginativespace.Intheparktheproblem,usuallyrangingfromlowtohigh,madeofman-madeboardortheglasspush-pulltypemovablepartition,separatedbyaflexible,transparentandtranslucentwhite,thusmakingofficespaceandlivingspaceformarelationshipcanbedividedandcombined,whenyouneedquietcontemplationorworkwithoutinterference,youcanchooseclosedstyleofficespace,nottoaffectthefamily'snormallifeinleisure,officespaceandlivingspaceofmeltingbody,butalsomakethehomebecomeuplift,birthdayparty,gettogethersandsomeotherentertainmentplaces,thehousehasbecomeamulti-functionalcastle.Thevariableflowspaceformforcommunicationbetweenpeople,enhancebetweenpeoplerelationshipspeopleplaceoneselfamongthem,willbedeeplyofficefreeandfun,lifeconvenienceandease.Thehotelofthefutureofficespace,familyisthetrendofthetimes.Tosumup,therapiddevelopmentofinformationsociety,theofficespaceisfacingaprofoundchange."Work"ismoreabstractfromconcept,"workplace"willbegiventheconnotationofrenewal,whichwilldirectlyorindirectlyaffectthedevelopmentofofficespace.Peopleadaymostofthetimeisintheoffice,soforalongtimesothatpeoplehavehigherrequirementandunderstandingofofficespace,andinthedevelopmentofthefutureofficespacetocreatemorerichhumanizedofficespace.四、结语Inimoderncities,officeworkersspendabout1/3ofthetimeinoffice,officespacehasbecomeanimportantpartofhumanactivityspace.Especiallyinthefast-pacedmodernsociety,highefficiency,influencequalityofofficespaceforitsusers'emotionsandpsychologicalmoresignificantly,orevendirectlyaffectstheworkefficiencyandthequalityoftheuser,italsoreflectsthemodernworkersandthencreasinglyhighdemandforofficespace,sohowtomaketheofficespaceenvironmentthelayoutismoreinlinewiththepsychologicalneedsofmodernpeoplehasbecomeacommonconcernoftheownersanddesigners,payattentiontothefunctionofthetraditionallayoutmethodinarchitecturaldesignhasbeenunabletomeettheneedsofthedevelopmentofmodernsociety,modernofficeenvironmentdesignshouldpaymoreattentiontothespaceenvironmentlayoutofthephysical,psychologicalandemotionalneeds,agoodspaceenvironmentdesigncanalleviatethetensemood,relievefatigue,meetpeople'sprivatepsychologicalandenhancetheirsenseofbelongingtothecompanyandtotheheart.Sothatemployeescanhavemoreautonomywhenthecompanyoffice.Alsomakesthelayoutoftheofficespaceinthefuturedevelopmentofmoreinclinedtohumanizationandpersonalization.译文办公空间设计办公空间的设计要素一、早期的办公空间的布局（一）办公空间的概念在空间的概念上定义“办公空间，”顾名思义，“办公空间”是为人们工作需要提供可使用的环境，而它决不仅指办公室之类的孤立的空间，而是相对于商业空间、娱乐空间、住宅空间等，供从事业务活动和机关、企事业等办理行政事物和的办公环境系统。（二）办公空间的产生<<雅典宪章>>中曾经将人类的基本社会活动分为居住、工作、游戏、交通四大类。而办公是人类最重要的社会活动之一。其实真正意义上的办公空间是在西方工业革命以后才出现的。这段时期中社会飞速发展，出现新材料、新技术、新功能。从而产生了大量新的、更为自由和开敞的室内环境。（三）办公空间的布局分析在当时比较典型的三种办公空间布局类型分别是：1.蜂窝（HIVE）型：这是工业生产线上的工作类型，空间狭小，工人们都挤在一起象工蜂一样忙碌的工作，互动很少，自主性低而且每日的工作相同，工作的效率成果非常的低的一种工作模式。2.独立工作室（CELL）型：互动性少，缺乏人与人之间的交流。3.起居（DEN）型：起居室性的工作环境采用团队工作、高度互动，但低自主性。团队工作的成员可以共享办公设备由于欧美的历史和文化上的差异，在办公大楼的表现上存在着很大的不同。在格外强调金钱、权力和英雄主义的北美，开发商往往热衷于建造雄伟壮观的办公大楼。而强调秩序和控制的企业管理方式也使得员工作为个人本身无法影响办公环境。在北欧则不同，相对于北美，北欧的办公大楼看起来更为人性化。大楼设计的切入点并不是权力意志的表达，而往往是从本身实际的需求出发。在里面工作的普通员工也有权利根据自身的需求和喜好来要求办公环境的品质。二、现代的办公空间的空间布局（一）办公空间的现状空间是工作生活的场所。办公空间这一新概念，其历史不过百年，而变化却紧随时代。20世纪众多的新发明彻底改变了专用办公建筑中的工作环境，机器化大生产将大量劳动力吸入城市。在高效的管理理论、系统的现代化设计和庞大复杂的技术支持下，办公室发展成为方便人们工作的“高科技方盒子”。然而新世纪的众多新发明，如网络、电子邮件和移动通讯等对21世纪的办公空间有着同样的催化作用。这些新发明在办公室的运用中成为新世纪的典范，办公空间正以一种新的不同于以往的方式在我们眼前呈现出来。现代早期在中国，办公室是属于政府人员办公的地方，一般都以小开间、筒子楼的形式出现，一个房间最大也就10平方米左右，里面的摆设主要放几张桌子几把椅子，只是单纯的能工作而以，并且这属于一些领导等使用，普通的员工就更没有象样的办公环境。就在现代的办公环境下，随着时代的节拍而产生变革办公空间的布局产生了巨大的变化。而这些早期的办公室明显缺乏竞争力，随着时代的发展逐渐被日渐完善的新型办公空间布局所取代。随着社会的不断发展，为了会见客户和进行管理的需要，办公空间开始从生产空间里分离出来，并逐渐搬近市中心，开始形成自己专门的商务区，现代的写字楼模式开始形成。而从空间上，办公室的布局也开始强调敞开式。在一个敞开式的大办公空间里，不但有利于领导对员工工作进行监督，更有利于员工之间的互相交流，便于组织、管理和协调。随着社会的飞速发展，人们对办公空间的要求越来越高，办公空间的意义不仅仅着眼于形式上的美感，更要涉及办公效率、景观及智能化的问题，办公空间目前在设计中新的发展趋势、新的空间概念。目前国际上较为流行的办公空间依据布局形态可概括为四大类：蜂巢型、密室型、小组型及俱乐部型。不同企业在设计办公空间时应考虑到各公司业务的区别及办公室的资讯化发展，根据需要度身订做。第一种是蜂巢型（hive），蜂巢型属于典型的开放式空间，自律性及互动性最小，属于例行性、重复性高而个人积极性极低的工作形态，适合朝九晚五或者24小时轮班的工作。办公室采用开放形态，同事间互动较少，这是比较传统的办公室规划。通常采用这一形态的典型工作空间包括银行、财务及行政人员、资料输入员和客服中心等。第二种是是小组型（den），小组型属于团队小组式的工作空间，自律性低但互动性高。办公空间通常为开放空间或独立的组群房间，每个人有固定的工作桌和电脑，复印机及其他办公设备则共享，其中还包含共用的洽谈桌或会议桌等讨论空间。这一类型的工作者有设计小组、研发团队、多媒体部门、保险业务人员等。第三种密室型（cell），密室型属于较为个人化的独立工作空间，自律度高而互动性差，适合个人化的、专注的及较少互动性的工作，而且工作时间及地点较不规律。这种办公室具有独立的单间，或是在开放空间中有较高的办公隔间，其中各种办公功能齐全，使个人工作时不受干扰。这一类型的工作者包括会计师、律师、电脑工程师及公司管理层。第四种是俱乐部型（club），俱乐部型同时兼具个人和团队合作、经常需要小组讨论的工作，而且工作时间长，地点也不限，适合于高自律性和高互动性的知识工作者。这类办公室需要独立的工作空间、但也需要和同事频繁互动的工作。这使的在空间的布局上既要做到空间的私密性又要顾及到空间的开放性。因此，办公空间应根据不同的任务编组作调整，采用分享的规划观念。在这一形态中，个人座位并不固定，但注重私密性，使个人工作时不受干扰。会谈区可以容纳少数或多数人共同讨论，而且这类会谈区并不仅仅限定在会议室等固定区域，当个人研究遇到问题，可以在吧台、用餐区或者舒服的沙发上进行讨论。俱乐部型的办公室空间设计最引起注目，部分原因是这类办公室促使充满创意的建筑因此诞生，但是设计师领先时代的创意在考验上班族的适应度。这类办公室没有单独的办公室，各个都以目标用途进行设计，例如有沙发的“起居间”、咖啡屋等等。除此之外，这类设计也可以节省金钱，适合此类型的工作有广告、媒体、公关、网络、管理顾问等公司以及各类公司的创意部门。例如安达信顾问公司把法国总部从占地一万平方米的办公室迁到占地七千平方米的新总部，一年可以节省一百万美元。不过，这种设计方式最受诟病之处却是打击员工士气，因为员工在这种办公环境内感到失落感。（二）办公空间布局上的变化的影响空间就是布局、格局，指对空间的物理和心理分割。办公空间设计需要考虑多方面的问题，涉及科学、技术、人文、艺术等诸多因素。办公空间室内设计的最大目标就是要为工作人员创造一个舒适、方便、卫生、安全、高效的工作环境，以便更大限度地提高员工的工作效率。这一目标在当前商业竞争日益激烈的情况下显得更加重要，它是办公空间设计的基础。办公空间具有不同于普通住宅的特点，它是由办公、会议、走廊三个区域来构成内部空间使用功能的，从有利于办公组织以及采光通风等角度考虑，其进深通常以9米为基本尺寸。办公空间的最大特点就是公共化，这个空间要照顾到多个员工的审美需要和功能要求。目前办公空间设计理念最为强调的要素有：一是团队空间。把办公空间分为多个团队(3人～6人)区域，团队可以自行安排将它和别的团队区别开来的公共空间用于开会、存放资料等，按照成员间的交流与工作需要安排个人空间；精心设计公共空间。二是公共空间。目前有一些办公空间，公共部分较小，从电梯一上来就进大堂，进办公室，缺乏转化的过程。一个良好的设计必须要有一种空间的过渡，不能只有过道走廊，必须要有环境，要有一个从公共空间过度到私属空间的过程。当然有些客户会觉得这样是不是很浪费，其实这完全是另一个概念。比如可以把电梯门口部分设计为会客厅或者洽谈室，同样是实现公共空间和私属空间的一个分隔，形成不同的节奏。作为公共空间，不仅要有