必修4 Unit 10 课下主题训练 社会热点问题

PAGE第1页共7页课下主题训练社会热点问题课时练(一)一、主题语基拓展练(一)主题词汇盘查(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)①counter □ ②purchase □③customer □ ④expense □⑤fee □ ⑥receipt □⑦afford □ ⑧currency □⑨deal □ ⑩business □⑪trade □ ⑫profit □⑬account □ ⑭cheque □⑮consume □ ⑯discount □⑰crazy □ ⑱deliver □⑲sale □ ⑳anxious □(二)主题词汇训练Ⅰ.选词填空(有两词多余)purchase，expense，afford，deal，profit，account，consume，fee，sale，discount1．Infact,itisactuallyaverybigdeal!2．G&Gwillspendhalfofitsprofitstrainingemployees.3．Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.4．Youarerequiredtopayaccommodationfeesforthefullperiodoftheresidencycontract.5．Itwasalsomuchmorethanwecouldafford,_butfarlessthantheoriginalaskingprice.6．Then,thelistenercanmakemultipleplaylistswithoutcreatinganaccountwiththesite.7．Whenyoustanduptogiveaspeech,youfocusonthe“public”attheexpenseofthe“speaking”．8．Iftheyrunoutofcertaindailynecessities,Wilsonwilldrivetotheneareststoreandpurchasewhat'sneeded.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Shepurchased(purchase)asmallpieceoflandwithherhusbandandbegangrowingtheirownfoods.2．Wineissoexpensive(expense)inthiscountry.3．Onlyveryrichpeoplecanaffordto_buy(buy)theexpensiveprivateapartments.4．You'llneedsomecashinlocalcurrency(current)butyoucanalsouseyourcreditcard.5．Health­consciousconsumers(consume)wantmoreinformationaboutthefoodtheybuy.Ⅲ.用本单元词汇替换/升级加蓝词汇1．Everybodylovesanadvantageouspurchaseespeciallyatthistimeofyear.bargain2．Theyoungdesignerisalwaysanxiousforsomethingnew.greedy3．Thewinnersweregivenacrazywelcomewhentheyarrivedhome.enthusiastic二、主题语篇押题练Ⅰ.阅读理解(2021·重庆模拟)Forthepast3,000years,whenpeoplethoughtofmoney,theythoughtofcash.Frombuyingfoodtopayingbills,day­to­daydealingsinvolvedpaperormetalmoney.Overthepastdecade,however,digitalpaymentshavetakenoff—tappingyourcreditcardonamachineorhavingtheQRCode(二维码)onyoursmartphonescannedhasbecomenormal.Nowthisrevolutionisabouttoturncashintoanendangeredspeciesinsomerichcountries.Thatwillmaketheeconomymoreefficient,butitalsobringsnewproblems.Countriesaregettingridofcashatdifferentspeeds.InSwedenthenumberofretailcashtransactions(交易)perpersonhasfallenby80%inthepasttenyears.Cashaccountsforjust6%ofpurchasesbyvalueinNorway.Britainisprobablyfourorsixyearsbehindit.Americaisperhapsadecadebehind.Outsidetherichworld,cashisstillking.However,inChina,digitalpaymentsrosefrom4%ofallpaymentsin2012to56%in2019.Cashisdyingoutbecauseoftwoforces.Oneisdemand—youngerconsumerswanttoenjoytheirdigitalliveswithpaymentsystems.Butequallyimportant,supplierssuchasbanksandtechfirmsaredevelopingfast,easy­to­usepaymenttechnologiesfromwhichtheycanpulldataandpocketfees.Ingeneral,thefutureofacashlesseconomyisexcellentnews.Whencashpaymentsdisappear,peopleandshopsarelesslikelytobestolen.Besides,digitalisationgreatlyexpandstheplaygroundofsmallbusinessesbyenablingthemtosellbeyondtheirborders.Italsocreatesacredithistory,helpingconsumersborrow.Yetitisnotwithoutproblems.Electronicpaymentsystemsmaysuffertechnicalfailures,powerblackoutsandcyber­attacks.What'smore,inacashlesseconomythepoor,theelderlyandcountryfolkmaybeleftbehind.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了过去十年，电子支付形式的兴起，并分析了其原因和利弊。1．WhatdoweknowaboutdigitalpaymentsinParagraph1?A．They'vebeenusedindailydealingsfor3,000years.B．Theyhavebecomepopularinthepasttenyears.C．Theycanonlybemadeonthesmartphones.D．Theyareleadingtocash'sdyingoutworldwide.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Overthepastdecade,however,digitalpaymentshavetakenoff”及全段内容可知，过去十年，数字支付开始流行。故选B。2．Whichcountryistheslowestingettingridofcash?A．America. B．Britain.C．Sweden. D．Norway.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段第三至五句可知，几个国家中目前美国在电子支付取代现金方面速度最慢，故选A。3．Whichofthefollowingwouldtheauthormostprobablyagreewith?A．Cashpaymentsarelesslikelytodisappear.B．Digitalisationenablessmallbusinessestosellnationally.C．Customerscanhavetheircredithistorybuiltthroughdigitalpayments.D．Digitalpaymentsmaybenefitthepoor,theelderlyandcountryfolks.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段“Italsocreatesacredithistory,helpingconsumersborrow.”可知，电子支付也能让消费者建立自己的信用历史，从而有助于借贷。故选C。4．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Thefutureofacashlesssociety.B．Therisingofdigitalpayments.C．Thereasonsforcashbeingendangered.D．Thedevelopmentofpaymenttechnologies.解析：选B主旨大意题。纵观全文，作者第一段介绍电子支付兴起的现状，接下来三段分别介绍电子支付的发展速度、兴起原因及其利弊，同时结合位于首段的主题句“digitalpaymentshavetakenoff”可知，本文主要讲的是“电子支付的兴起”，故选B。Ⅱ.完形填空(2021·运城模拟)Shoppingforclothesisnotthesameexperienceforamanasitisforawoman.Amangoesshoppingbecauseheneedssomething.Hispurposeis__1__anddecidedinadvance.Heknowswhathewants,andhis__2__istofinditandbuyit;thepriceisasecondaryconsideration.Allmen__3__walkintoashopandasktheassistantforwhattheywant.Iftheshophasit__4__，thedealcanbedoneand__5__iscompletedinlessthanfiveminutes,withhardlyanychatandtoeveryone's__6__.Foraman,slightproblemsmaybeginwhentheshopdoesn'thavewhathewants.__7__，thesalesmantriestosellthecustomersomethingelse—he__8__thenearesthecantothearticlerequired.Agoodsalesmanbringsoutsuchasubstitute(替代品)__9__；hemaysay,“Iknowthisjacketisnotthestyleyouwant,sir,butwouldyouliketotryitforsize？It__10__tobethecoloryoumentioned.”Fewmenhave__11__withthistreatment,andtheusualresponseis:“Thisistherightcolorandmaybetherightsize,butIshouldbe__12__mytimeandyoursbytryingiton.”Forawoman,buyingclothesisalwaysdoneinthe__13__way.Hershoppingisnotoften__14__onneed.Shehasneverfullydecidedwhatshewants,andsheisonly“havingalookround”．Sheisalways__15__topersuasion,willingtotryonanynumberofthings.Deepinhermindisthethoughtoffindingsomethingthat__16__thinkssuitsher.Mostwomenhaveanexcellentsenseofvalueandarealwaysonthelookoutfortheunexpected__17__.Facedwitharoomfulofdresses,awomanmayeasilyspendanhourgoingfromonerailtoanother__18__selectingthedressesshewantstotryon.Itisatiresomeprocess,butapparentlya(n)__19__one.Mostdressshopsprovidechainsforthewaiting__20__.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要分析了男士与女士在购物时的一些不同之处。)1．A.shown B．settledC．served D．achieved解析：选B根据“anddecidedinadvance”可知，男人购物之前目的已经确定好(settled)。故选B。2．A.advice B．attemptC．objective D．question解析：选C根据前句“Heknowswhathewants”可知，他的目标(objective)就是找到并购买它。故选C。3．A.quickly B．immediatelyC．hurriedly D．simply解析：选D男人购物只是(simply)进店直接问售货员他们所需要的商品。故选D。4．A.onexhibition B．instockC．ondemand D．undercontrol解析：选B男人购物，如果商店有货(instock)，交易可以完成。故选B。5．A.often B．constantlyC．seldom D．yet解析：选A这里指男人经常(often)五分钟不到就能完成购物。故选A。6．A.advantage B．embarrassmentC．satisfaction D．surprise解析：选C购物通常不到五分钟就能完成，几乎不需要聊天，而且大家都很满意(satisfaction)。故选C。7．A.Inreturn B．InrealityC．Inthatway D．Inthatcase解析：选D假使那样的话(Inthatcase)，销售人员会试着向顾客推销别的东西。故选D。8．A.gives B．offersC．shares D．delivers解析：选B根据后句“Agoodsalesmanbringsoutsuchasubstitute(替代品)________”可知，售货员会提供(offers)最接近顾客要求的物品。故选B。9．A.attentively B．skillfullyC．hesitantly D．hopefully解析：选B根据后句售货员所说的话可知，售货员会巧妙地(skillfully)推销替代品。故选B。10．A.happens B．occursC．comes D．takes解析：选A售货员会巧妙地对顾客说：“……这碰巧正好是你提到的颜色”。happentobe“碰巧是……”。故选A。11．A.patience B．luckC．expectation D．experience解析：选A很少男人对这种处理方式有耐心(patience)。故选A。12．A.losing B．spendingC．giving D．wasting解析：选D男人认为试穿不合心意的衣服是浪费(wasting)彼此的时间。故选D。13．A.same B．cleverC．opposite D．similar解析：选C由下文的描述可知，与男人的购物方式相比较，女人购物的方式是相反的(opposite)。故选C。14．A.keen B．basedC．independent D．impressed解析：选B根据后句“Shehasneverfullydecidedwhatshewants”可知，女人买东西不是根据需要。bebasedon“以……为基础”。故选B。15．A.open B．addictedC．close D．devoted解析：选A根据“willingtotryonanynumberofthings”可知，女人购物容易接受别人的劝说。短语beopento“易受……的”。故选A。16．A.nobody B．somebodyC．everybody D．anybody解析：选C女人希望买到的东西是每个人(everybody)都说这是非常适合她的东西。故选C。17．A.deal B．matchC．profit D．bargain解析：选D根据“Mostwomenhaveanexcellentsenseofvalue”可知，大多数女人都有很强的价值感，所以她们总是想找意想不到的便宜货(bargain)。故选D。18．A.after B．asC．before D．by解析：选C面对满屋子的衣服，在挑选她想试穿的衣服之前(before)，女人很容易就会花上一个小时从一栏杆(衣服)选到另一栏杆(衣服)。故选C。19．A.graceful B．tiringC．boring D．enjoyable解析：选D根据“but”表示转折可知，对女人来说，这也是一个令人愉快的(enjoyable)过程。故选D。20．A.husbands B．assistantsC．wives D．staff解析：选A男人不愿意购物，所以服装店提供椅子肯定是为了那些等待妻子的丈夫(husbands)而准备的。故选A。课时练(二)一、主题语基拓展练(一)主题词汇盘查(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)①supermarket □ ②debt □③goods □ ④change □⑤refund □ ⑥luxury □⑦brand □ ⑧spend □⑨style □ ⑩fashion □⑪financial □ ⑫credit □⑬economic □ ⑭quality □⑮second­hand □ ⑯wealthy □⑰selection □ ⑱order □⑲value □ ⑳convenient □(二)主题词汇训练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Shealwayscelebratesherbirthdayinstyle.2．Thecompanywasdeeplyindebtandsomeemployeeswerelaidoff.3．Shorthairandshortskirtscameintofashionataboutthesametime.4．Theywanttogetgoodgradeswithoutspendingthetimestudying(study)．5．Itwasadifficulttime.Apartfromeverythingelse,wehadfinancial(finance)problems.6．Ourfutureprosperitydependsoneconomic(economy)growth.7．Itoffersthewidestselection(select)ofantiquesofeverydescriptioninaone­daymarket.8．Ilivejustbythemarket,andit'sveryconvenient(convenience)togoshopping.Ⅱ.写出下列句中加蓝词的汉语意思1．Youcangiveyourunwantedgoodstocharity.私人财产2．Couldyougivemechangeforatenpoundnote？零钱3．Itwasaluxuryifyouhadawashingmachineinthosedays.奢侈品4．Wewillrefundyouyourmoneyinfull.退(款)5．Mymathclassisworththreecredits.学分6．Sometimesyouwonderwhereyourkidsgettheirgoodqualities.优良品质7．DoyouknowanywhereIcanbuyasecond­handcomputer？二手的8．Thesebootscanbeordereddirectfromthemanufacturer.订购二、主题语篇押题练Ⅰ.阅读理解(2021·山东师范大学附中模拟)Recentyearshavewitnessedthegrowthofluxury(奢侈品)brands.It'sclearthatanewgenerationofyoung,materialisticpeopleisincreasinglyrelyingonluxurybrandstoimproveitsself­image.Iamafashionistatoo,atleastinspirit—Ilovetolookatclothesandshoes.ButIdon'tunderstandwhypeoplespendlotsofmoneyondesignerlabels.Whenayoungwomanbuysahandbagthatcoststwomonthsofhersalary,that'sascarything.What'sinterestingisthatscientistshavefoundthathavingluxurythingsdoesn'tleadtohappiness.Studyafterstudyhasshownthatalthoughwewantmaterialthings,whenwegetthemwedon'tsuddenlybecome“happy”people.Infact,aseriesofstudieshaveshownthatindividualswhospendmoneyontravelandsimilarexperiencesgetmorepleasurethanthoseonmaterialthings.That'sbecauseexperiencesaremoreeasilyintegratedintoaperson'sidentity.IfItraveltoYunnan,thatadventureaffectshowIthinkinthefuture.Mymemoriesbecomeapartofme.Moreover,asVanBovenhasobserved,youngpeoplewhopursuehappinessthrough“things”arelikedlessbytheirpeers.Peoplepreferthosewhopursuehappinessthroughexperiences.It'snaturaltowanttoexpressyourselfthroughyourappearance.Somyadviceis:createalookthatisn'ttiedtoadesignerlabel.Conveyyourownmessage.TakesomelessonsfromthelateAppleco­founderSteveJobs.HewasalwaysinLevisjeansandablackturtleneck.MarkZuckerberg,founderofFacebook,routinelyappearsinhoodiesandsneakers.Thesepeople,successfulpeople,havestyle.You_don't_have_to_break_the_bank_to_send_a_message_about_who_you_are.Takeatrip.Gooutintotheworld.Thencomebackandconfidentlycreateyourownsignaturelook.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。研究表明，那些把钱花在旅行和类似经历上的人比那些花在物质上的人获得的快乐更多。1．What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsluxuryconsumption?A．Favorable. B．Negative.C．Positive. D．Unconcerned.解析：选B观点态度题。根据第二段第二、三句可知，作者不支持奢侈品消费。故选B。2．What'sthemainideaofthefourthparagraph?A．Materialthingscan'tbringaboutjoy.B．Experiencessinkintopersonality.C．It'sbettertoinvestinexperiences.D．Others'preferenceisofimportance.解析：选C段落大意题。根据第四段尤其是最后两句可知，追求物质的东西的人不太受同龄人的喜欢，人们更喜欢那些通过经历追求幸福的人。所以本段主要劝人们最好通过旅行等经历丰富自己。故选C。3．WhyareSteveJobsandMarkZuckerbergmentionedinthetext?A．Tohonourthetwosuccesses.B．Toadvocatetheirexperience.C．Tosupporttheauthor'sargument.D．Toinspireyoungpeople'sambition.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第五段的内容可推知，文章中提到SteveJobs和MarkZuckerberg是为了支持作者的论点。故选C。4．Whatistheunderlinedsentenceintendedtoexpress?A．Domindyourfinancialsecurity.B．Dotrytomakemoremoney.C．Don'trobabankforluxuries.D．Don'tspendmuchonyourimage.解析：选D句意理解题。根据第四段的内容尤其是提到两位成功人士的例子以及最后一段最后三句可推知，画线句子的意思是“不要在你的形象上花费太多”。故选D。Ⅱ.阅读七选五TheBuyNothingMovement(2021·北京朝阳区模拟)Socialmedia,magazinesandshopwindowsbombard(猛轰)peopledailywiththingstobuy,andBritishconsumersarebuyingmoreclothesthaneverbefore.Theaveragepersonspendsmorethan￡1,000onnewclothesayear,whichmightnotsoundlikemuch.__1__Alotofconsumerspendingisbymeansofcreditcards.Britishpeoplecurrentlyoweabout￡670peradulttocreditcardcompanies.Also,peoplearespendingmoneytheyhaven'tearnedtobuythingstheydon'tneed.Britainthrowsaway300,000tonsofclothingayear,mostofwhichgoesintolandfill(垃圾填埋地)sites.__2__Butcharityshopscan'tsellallthoseunwantedclothes.Alotofclothesthatcharitiescan'tsellaresentabroad,causingevenmoreeconomicandenvironmentalproblems.__3__TheideaoriginatedinCanadaintheearly1990sandthenmovedtotheUS.OnBuyNothingDaypeopleorganisevarioustypesofprotestsandcutuptheircreditcards.Throughouttheyear,BuyNothinggroupsorganisetheexchangeandrepairofitemstheyalreadyown.Thetrendhasnowreachedinfluencersonsocialmediawhonowencouragetheirviewersnottobuyanythingatallforperiodsaslongasayear.TwofriendsinCanadaspentayearworkingtowardsbuyingonlyfood.Forthefirstthreemonthstheylearnedhowtolivewithoutbuyingelectricalgoods,clothesorthingsforthehouse.Forthenextstage,theygaveupservices,forexample,haircuts,eatingoutorbuyingpetrolfortheircars.__4__Thechangestheymademeanttwofewercarsontheroads,areductioninplasticandpaperpackagingandapositiveimpactontheenvironmentfromalltheenergysaved.__5__Butevenifyoucan'tmanageafullyearwithoutgoingshopping,youcanparticipateintheanti­consumeristmovementbyrefusingtobuythingsyoudon'tneed.A．Inoneyear,they'dsaved$55,000.B．Ifeveryonefollowedasimilarplan,theresultswouldbeimpressive.C．Onlineshoppingmeansitiseasyforcustomerstobuywithoutthinking.D．Second­handclothesareoftenoftoopoorqualitytorecycleincharityshops.E．However,adifferenttrendarisesinoppositiontoconsumerism—the“buynothing”trend.F．Butthatfigurehidestwofarmoreworryingtrendsfors