高中英语课时作业（译林版必修第二册）课时作业 6

课时作业(六)Unit2SectionⅢExtendedreading,Project,Assessment&Furtherstudy阅读理解AAccordingtoarecentreport,about15%ofthepeopleintheUKaremembersofgyms.Butaretheymorelikelytobefit?Astudyfoundthatgymmemberswere14timesmoreactivethanpeoplewhodidn'tbelongtoanyhealthclub.Gymmembersdidsixhoursmoreexerciseaweek,andthisactivitydidmakethemfitterthannon­gymmembers.Theyalsospentlesstimesittingdowneverydaythannon­gymmembers.Theresultswerethesameformenandwomen.Thestudyincluded405peoplebetweentheagesof30and64,andthemaincharacteristicsofthosewhoweregymmemberswerethesameasthosewhowerenot.“Butgymmembersdidmoretrainingthannon­gymmembers，”saidtheleadauthor,ElizabethSchroederoftheUniversityofIllinois.Whileitmightseemclearthatgymmembersexercisingmorearehealthierthannon­members,Schroedersaysthishasnotbeendirectlyshownbefore.However,thestudyisonlydesignedtoshowatiebetweengymmembershipandmoreexercise.Itmaybethatactivepeopleliketojoingyms.Inthestudy,peoplewhoexercisedasmuchasgymmemberswerealsoingoodhealth.Youcangetthesamebenefitswhereveryouexercise.Thisstudyshowsagymmembershipcanmakeyoudomoreexercise,butotherresearchshowsthatexercisingoutsidehasotherhelp.Outdooractivitiescanmakeyoufeelhappyaboutlife—especiallyifyourunthroughaforest.Outdoorexerciseisalsomoreenjoyablethangoingtothegym.Thefirstfiveminutesofoutdoorexerciseisespeciallyhelpfulinmakingpeoplefeelgood.ButSchroedersaysthatagymmayalsoencouragegreaterexercisebecauseitcanbesocialandfun.1．Whatdidthenewstudyfindout?A．Gymmembershadhealthiereatinghabits.B．Therewerefewerwomengymmembersthanmen.C．Gymmembersdidatleasteighthoursofexerciseaweek.D．Gymmembersweremoreactivethannon­gymmembers.2．Inthestudy,researchersstudied________.A．somesportsloversB．405gymmembersC．peoplefromdifferentagegroupsD．30gymmembersand64non­gymmembers3．WhichofthefollowingwillElizabethSchroederagreewith?A．Womenshoulddomoregymexercise.B．Weshouldbecarefulwithoutdoortraining.C．Outdoorexerciseisbetterthangymexercise.D．Itiseasiertokeepexercisingifyougotothegym.BIfyouthinkthatrunningmarathonswillhelpyoulivealongandhealthylife,newresearchmayeasashock.Accordingtoarecentscientificstudy,peoplewhodoaverystrenuousworkoutareaslikelytodieaspeoplewhodonoexerciseatall.ScientistsinDenmarkhavebeenstudyingover1，000joggers(慢跑者)andnon­joggersfor12years.Thedeathratesfromthesamplegroupindicatethatpeoplewhojogataproperpacetwoorthreetimesaweekforlessthantwoandahalfhoursintotalareleastlikelytodie.Thebestspeedtojogatwasfoundtobeabout5milesperhour.Theresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewhojogmorethanthreetimesaweekorathigherspeedsofover7mphdieatthesamerateasnon­joggers.Thescientiststhinkthatthisisbecausestrenuousexercisecausesstructuralchangestotheheartandarteries.Overtime,thiscancauseseriousinjuries.PeterSchnohr,aresearcherinCopenhagen,said,“Ifyourgoalistodecreaseriskofdeathandimprovelifeexpectancy,joggingafewtimesaweekataproperpaceisagoodstrategy.Anythingmoreisnotjustunnecessary,anditmaybeharmful.”Theimplicationsofthisarethatmoderateformsofexercisesuchastaichi,yogaandwalkingmaybebetterforusthan“ironman”events,triathlonsandlong­distancerunningandcycling.AccordingtoJacobLouisMarott,anotherresearcherinvolvedinthestudy,“Youdon'tactuallyhavetodothatmuchtohaveagoodimpactonyourhealth.Andperhapsyoushouldn'tactuallydotoomuch.”4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“strenuous”inParagraph1mean?A．Regular. B．Hard.C．Practical. D．Flexible.5．WhydoestheauthorpresentsomefiguresinParagraph2?A．Tosuggestgivingupjogging.B．Toshowrisksofdoingsports.C．Toprovidesupportiveevidence.D．Tointroducetheresearchprocess.6．Accordingtothescientists,whyistoomuchexerciseharmful?A．Itmayinjuretheheartandarteries.B．Itcanmakethebodytiredout.C．Itwillbringmuchpressure.D．Itconsumestoomuchenergy.7．Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A．Noexerciseatallisthebestchoice.B．Moreexercisemeansahealthierlife.C．Marathonsrunnersareleastlikelytodie.D．Properexercisecontributestogoodhealth.CExercisemayholdthekeytoyouth,accordingtoastudypublishedonMondaywhichshowedpeoplewhokeepfitareuptonineyearsbiologicallyyoungerthanthosewhodonot.Thefindingsarethefirsttoshowinhumanshowkeepingfitaffectstheageingprocess.Thestudyof2，401twinsfoundthatasedentarylifestyleraisestheriskofarangeofproblemsfromheartdiseasetocancerandappearstoplayakeyroleintheageingprocess.Itallappearstoboildownto(归结为)thelengthofstructurescalledtelomeres(染色体终端)—whichprotecttheDNAonthechromosomes(染色体),theresearchersfromKing'sCollegeLondonwroteintheArchivesofInternalMedicine.Manystudieshaveshowntelomeresgetshorterovertime,suggestingthecellsareageingordying.Thestudy,whichextracted(提取)aDNAsamplefromtheirvolunteers,foundpeoplewhoexercisedmoreeachweekhadlongertelomeres.Exerciselowerstheriskofarangeofproblemssuchasheartdisease,diabetesandcancer,theresearcherssaid.“Itisnotjustwalkingaroundtheblock.Itisreallyworkingupasweat.”saidTimSpector,ageneticepidemiologistwholedthestudy,inatelephoneinterview.Thestudyfoundpeoplewhoexercisedenergetically3hourseachweekhadlongertelomeresandtheywere9yearsbiologicallyyoungerthanpeoplewhodidunder15minutes.Spector'steam,whoalsoadjustedforbodyweight,smoking,economicstatusandphysicalactivityatwork,alsosaidmoderateexercisefor1­2hourseachweekprovidedafour­yearadvantage.Studyingtwinsalsoprovidedauniqueopportunitytojudgetheeffectsofexerciseonpeoplewiththesameorsimilargeneticmake­up,theresearcherssaid.Thereasonwhyexercisehasthiseffectisnotclearbuttheresearcherssaidtheybelievephysicalactivitysomehowdefendsagainstthenaturalprocesscalledoxidativestress(氧化