考研《英语一》郴州市宜章县2023年预测试题含解析

考研《英语一》郴州市宜章县2023年预测试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)IrememberwhenmyhusbandstartedcoachingthebasketballteamatalocalhighschoolinRichmond,California.Hehada(n)1forsportsandlovedworkingwithkids.Sittinginthestandsduringthefirstgame,Icried2joyasIwatchedhiminteractwiththestudents.Heseemedto3.Onthecarridehome,webothrealizedthathehasagiftfor4.Notjustonthe5,butalsointheclassroom.He6awell-paidjobinfinance,andwentbacktoschoolto7histeachingcertification.Helandedajobteaching8thgradeUShistorytotheamazingkidsatHelmsMiddleSchoolinSanPablo,California.Hehadfoundhisoccupation.LittledidIknowthatIwouldbeinthe8,too.MyhusbandknowsthatIworkforasoftwarecompanythatdoesstuffwith3DprintingandthatwegetfreeticketstoMakerFaire（创客节）,butthat’susuallytheextentofhisinterestmmyprofession.SoIwas9whenheaskedmetobea(n)10speakerinhisclassthatfirstyear.11Iwasplanningmyfirstlessonforhisstudents,Iaskedmyself,“WhatshouldIdo?HowdoIintegrate（融入）12,modelingand3Dprintinginto8thgradeUShistory?”I13myfriendsfromMakemagazine,readthelocalteacherblogsandthoughtIwas14togo.Buta15thinghappenedduringmyfirstlesson:Ikindoffailed.Theendresult,16,wasbetterthanIever17.Attheendoftheclass,Iaskedthestudentshowtheyfeltaboutwhat18hadjustlearned.Theyraisedtheirhandsand19answersandsoughtmeouttomorequestions.Whenthebellrang,theythankedmeformy20.1、A．sign B．excuse C．plan D．passion2、A．with B．under C．beside D．upon3、A．apologize B．shine C．forget D．quit4、A．researching B．teaching C．composing D．writing5、A．theory B．subject C．court D．ride6、A．left B．heard C．offered D．desired7、A．enjoy B．exchange C．adopt D．obtain8、A．studio B．stadium C．classroom D．office9、A．frightened B．surprised C．prepared D．satisfied10、A．guest B．strange C．fortunate D．smart11、A．Unless B．Though C．Until D．While12、A．distance B．spirit C．design D．shelter13、A．consulted B．mentioned C．understood D．blamed14、A．fortunate B．ready C．nervous D．sorry15、A．basic B．meaningful C．great D．funny16、A．moreover B．besides C．therefore D．however17、A．expected B．confirmed C．disturbed D．appreciated18、A．I B．she C．they D．he19、A．putout B．turnedout C．shoutedout D．figuredout20、A．confidence B．practice C．energy D．timeSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1ThestudyledbyMyrskyla,directoroftheMaxPlanckInstituteinGermanywasthefirsttoanalyzetheaccumulativeeffectofseveralkeyhealthbehaviorsondisability-freeandtotallifeexpectancy.Previousstudieshavelookedatsinglehealthbehaviors.Myrskylaandcolleaguesinsteadexaminedseveralbehaviorssimultaneously（同时）,whichallowedthemtodeterminehowlongandhealthythelivesofpeoplewhohadavoidedmostofthewell-knownindividualbehavioralriskfactorswere.Theresearchersnotedthateachofthethreeunhealthybehaviors—obesity,smoking,andunhealthyconsumptionofalcohol—waslinkedtoareductioninlifeexpectancyandtoanearlieroccurrenceofdisabilities.However,smokingwasfoundtobeassociatedwithanearlydeathbutnotwithanincreaseinthenumberofyearswithdisability,whileobesityledtoalongperiodoftimewithdisability.Excessivealcoholconsumptionwasfoundtocausebothdecreasedlifespan（寿命）andareducednumberofhealthyyears.However,theabsenceofalloftheseriskyhealthybehaviorswasfoundtobeassociatedwiththegreatestnumberofhealthyyears.Themoststrikingfindingwasthediscoveryofalargedifferenceinaveragelifespanbetweenthegroupswhowerethemostandtheleastatrisk.Menwhowerenotoverweight,hadneversmoked,anddrankproperlywerefoundtoliveanaverageof11yearslongerthanmenwhowereoverweight,hadsmoked,anddrankexcessively.Forwomen,thegapbetweenthesetwogroupswasfoundtobeevengreater,at12years.“Ourresultsshowhowimportantitistofocusonprevention.Thosewhoavoidriskyhealthbehaviorsareachievingverylongandhealthylives,”saidMyrskyla.It'snotwithoutreasonthatwearetoldrepeatedlytoswitchtoahealthylifestyle,whichcanpreventyoufromvariousillnessesaswellaskeepyouyoungandactive."Improvementsinmedicaltechnologyareoftenthoughttobethegatekeepertohealthier,longerlife.Butweshowedthatahealthylifestyle,isenoughtoenableindividualstoenjoyaverylongandhealthylife,"saidMyrskyla."Ahealthylifestyleisenoughtogetthebenefits.Avoidingthosebehaviorsisnotanunrealisticgoal."1、Myrskyla'sstudyisdifferentfrompreviousonesinthat.A．itconcentratesonhowindividualbehaviorsaffectourhealthB．itisconductedbyateamofprofessionalresearchersC．itanalyzesthecombinedeffectsofsomeunhealthybehaviorsD．itassessestheriskofunhealthybehaviorsondecreasedlifespan2、Itcanbelearnedfromparagraphs2-3that.A．obesityiscloselyconnectedwithanearlydeathB．smokingleadstoalongperiodoftimewithdisabilityC．overdrinkingcontributestothereductioninlifespanD．nostrikingdifferencesexistbetweenthetwogroupsofwomen3、Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A．HealthImprovement:AdoptionofaBalancedDietB．HealthCare:NotaPrivilegebutaRightC．AbsenceofSmoking:SimplestWaytoKeepHealthyD．LifestyleChanges:ExtraYearsinGoodHealthText2Laptopcomputersarepopularallovertheworld.Peopleusethemontrainsandairplanes,inairportsandhotels.Theselaptopsconnectpeopletotheirworkplace.IntheUnitedStatestoday,laptopsalsoconnectstudentstotheirclassrooms.WestlakeCollegeinVirginiawillstartalaptopcomputerprogramthatallowsstudentstodoschoolworkanywheretheywant.Withinfiveyears,eachofthe1500studentsatthecollegewillreceivealaptop.Thelaptopsarepartofa$10millioncomputerprogramatWestlake,a110-year-oldcollege.ThestudentswithlaptopswillalsohaveaccesstotheInternet.Inaddition,theywillbeabletousee-mailto“peak”withtheirteachers,theirclassmates,andtheirfamilies.However,themostimportantpartofthelaptopprogramisthatstudentswillbeabletousecomputerswithoutgoingtocomputerlabs.Theycanworkwithitathome,inafast-foodrestaurantorunderthetrees—anywhereatall!Becauseofthemanychangesincomputertechnology,laptopuseinhighereducation,suchascollegesanduniversities,isworkable.Aslaptopsbecomemorepowerful,theybecomemoresimilartodesktopcomputers.Inaddition,theportablecomputerscanconnectstudentstonotonlytheInternet,butalsolibrariesandotherresources.Statehigher-educationofficialsarestudyinghowlaptopscanhelpstudents.Stateofficialsarealsotestinglaptopprogramsatotheruniversities,too.AtWestlakeCollege,morethan60percentofthestaffusecomputers.Thelaptopswillallowallteacherstousecomputersintheirlessons.AsoneWestlaketeachersaid,"HereweareinthemiddleofVirginiaandwe'regivingstudentsawindowontheworld.Theycanseeeverythinganddoeverything.”1、Themainpurposeofthelaptopprogramistogiveeachstudentalaptopto.A．usefortheirschoolworkB．accesstheInternetC．workathomeD．connectthemtolibraries2、WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutWestlakeCollege?A．Allteachersusecomputers.B．1500studentshavelaptops.C．ItisanoldcollegeinAmerica.D．Studentstherecandoeverything.3、Awindowontheworldinthelastparagraphmeansthatstudentscan.A．attendlecturesoninformationtechnologyB．travelaroundtheworldC．getinformationfromaroundtheworldD．havefreelaptops4、Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Theprogramissuccessful.B．Theprogramisnotworkable.C．Theprogramistooexpensive.D．Wedon'tknowtheresultoftheprogramyet.Text32019OscarsAcademyAwardNominees(提名)forBestPictureBlackPantherType:AdventureRunningTime:134min.ReleaseDate:February16,2018Currentrank:★★★★Director:RyanCooglerActors:ChadwickBoseman,MichaelB．JordanWithhisfatherhavingdiedinCaptainAmerica:CivilWar,T’ChallaisthenewruleroftheadvancedkingdomofWakanda.Astheking,wheneverachallengerforthecrownannounceshisintentions,hemustgiveuphispowersandtakethemoninaphysicalchallenge.TheFavoriteType:DramaRunningTime:120min.ReleaseDate:November30,2018Currentrank:★★★Director:YorgosLanthimosActors:EmmaStone,RachelWeiszIntheearly18thcentury,withEnglandandFranceatwar,afragileQueenAnneoccupiesthethroneasherclosefriendLadySarahChurchillgovernsthecountryinherstead,whiletendingtoAnne’sillhealthandchangeabletemper.GreenBookType:DramaRunningTime:130min.ReleaseDate:November21,2018Currentrank:★★★★★Director:PeterFarrellyActors:ViggoMortensen,MahershalaAliTonyLip,anuneducatedItalian-Americanwho’sknownforusinghisfiststogethisway,ishiredtodriveworld-class,famouspianistDonShirleyonaconcerttourfromManhattantotheDeepSouth.Theymustrelyonthe“NegroMotoristGreenBook”toguidethemtothefewsettlementsthatwerethensafeforblacks.AStarisBornType:MusicalRunningTime:135min.ReleaseDate:October5,2018Currentrank:★★★★Direct:BradleyCooperActors:BradleyCooper,LadyGagaWhencountrymusicstarJacksonMainestopsatabarforadrinkafteraconcert,he’sbothentertainedandattractedbyyoungnightclubsingerAlly.Hediscoversthatshewritessongsaswellasbeingatalentedsinger,buthasn’thadabreakbecauseofherlooks.1、Whichfilmistheleastpopularamongaudience?A．BlackPanther. B．TheFavorite.C．GreenBook. D．AStarisBorn.2、Thefilmabouttherightsofblackpeoplebelongsto.A．adventure B．musicalC．drama D．comedy3、Whoworksasadirectorandactor?A．RyanCoogler. B．YorgosLanthimos.C．PeterFarrelly. D．BradleyCooper.Text4Whenweseeapersonintrouble,thefirstideathatcomestoourmindistolendahand.Butwhatifweseeananimalintrouble,doesthesameruleapply?Thisquestionwasraisedafteragroupofpenguinsweresavedfromanicygully（峡谷）inAntarctica.ItwasfilmedfortheBBCwildlifeseriesDynasties.Thefilmcrewwereanxiouswhentheysawthatagroupofpenguinshadfallenintoagullyandbeentrappedwiththeiryoung.Theybuiltaslope（斜坡）sothatafewofthepenguinscouldsavethemselves.Thecasehastakentheinternationalmediabystorm.Viewerswatchingthisfilmletoutasighofrelief.“I’msoglad.Iunderstandnottakingactiondirectly,butahelpinghandisn’tbothering,right?”viewerKathrynShawsaidonherFacebook.However,othersthinkhumaninterference（干涉）isunnatural.“Youcan’thavesunshinethroughoutyourlife.Tohavedoneanythingelsewouldonlymakemattersworse,”saidtheshow’screatorDavidAttenborough,accordingtoTheTimes.Inthiscase,however,MikeGunton,theexecutiveproduceroftheseries,saidthatthiswasaone-offsituation.“Therewerenoanimalsgoingtosufferbyinterfering.Youweren’ttouchingtheanimalsanditwasjustfeltbydoingthis...theyhadthechancenottohavetokeepslippingdowntheslope,”hetoldtheBBC．SuchcasesarefamiliartoPaulNicklen,wildlifephotographerforNationalGeographic.HetoldMetro,“Ifit’severapredator（捕食者）situation,nomatterhowgut-wrenching,youstayoutoftheway.Evenwhenyou’rewatchingamalepolarbeareatababybear.”“There’snorulebookinthosesituations.Youcanonlyrespondtothefactsthatarerightthereinfrontofyou,”WillLawson,theshow’sdirector,toldDailyMail.1、Whathasledtoaheatedmediadiscussion?A．People’svariousremarksonpenguins. B．Therescueofpenguinsfromagully.C．Somepenguins’sufferingsinagully. D．WaysoffilmingtheseriesDynasties.2、Whoholdsapositiveattitudetowardshumaninterference?A．KathrynShaw. B．WillLawson.C．PaulNieklen. D．DavidAttenborough.3、Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheword“gut-wrenching”underlinedinparagraph6?A．Puttingoneinplace. B．Makingoneconfused.C．Puttingoneindanger. D．Makingoneheartbroken.4、Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ReasonsfortheNecessityofLendingaHandtoAnimalsB．SuggestionsonHowtoProtectAnimalsFromDangerC．EffectsofHumanInterferenceonDangerousAnimalsD．OpinionsonWhethertoHelpAnimalsinTroubleorNotPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)We’veallbeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeople1．are,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilenceWhat’stheproblem?It’spossible2．weallhavecompromised(受损的)conversationalintelligenceIt’smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversation3．it’sawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit’sannoyingandunnecessaryButthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considerthatsmalltalkisworththetroubleExpertssayit’sanimportantsocialpracticethatresults4．bigbenefitsDismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecan’tforgetthatdeeprelationshipswouldn’tevenexistifitweren’tforcasualconversationSmalltalkisthegrease(润滑剂)forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheShynessResearchInstituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast“Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk,”he5．(remark)“Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghow6．(connect)withothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem”Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshopOnegroup7．(ask)toseekoutaninteraction(互动)withitswaiter,theother,tospeakonly8．necessaryTheresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience“It’snotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband”saysDunn“Butinteractionswithperipheral(边缘的)membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso”Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeel9．significantlygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothersCarduccibelieves10．(develop)suchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk“Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners,”hesaysIt’sanunquestionedtruthofmodernlife:wearestarvedfortimeWetryourbesttosavebitsoftimehereandthereAdditup,andwewillfinallygettoeverythingwewanttodoButbitsoftimehereandthereAdditup,andwewillfinallygettoeverythingwewanttodoButthisideahasbeencompletelybackward1．Webuildtheliveswewant,andthentimesavesitselfDowereallyhavenotime?“Idon’thavetime,”oftenmeans“It’snotapriority(优先事项)”TimeishighlyflexibleWecannotmakemoretimeHowever,timewillstretch(延展)toaccommodatewhatwechoosetoputintoitNoonewillleavethebrokenwaterheaterasideSonotdoingsomethingisnotamatteroflackingtime;2．Actually,it’samatterofchoiceHowdowetreatourpriorities?First,weneedtofigureoutwhatourprioritiesareActuallywemaygiveourselvesaperformancereviewWhatthreetofivethingsdidwedothatmadeitsoamazing?Next,wecanwritethemintonextyear’sperformancereviewWewillhavealistofsixtotengoalswecanworkoninthenextyear3．4．ScientistsfindareallygoodtimetodothisisFridayafternoonFridayafternooniswhataneconomistmightcalla“lowopportunitycost”timeMostofusarenotsittingthereonFridayafternoonssaying,“Iamexcitedtomakeprogresstowardmypersonalandprofessionalprioritiesrightnow”ButwearewillingtothinkaboutwhatthoseshouldbeSotakealittlebitoftimeFridayafternoon,andmakeourselvesathree-categoryprioritylist:career,relationships,selfIt’saboutlookingatthewholeofone’stimeandseeingwherethegoodaspectscangoThereistime5．Andwhenwefocusonwhatmatters,wecanbuildtheliveswewantinthetimewe’vegotA．it’sthatI’mtoobusyforitB．it’sthatIdon’twanttodoitC．Whendoweplanourpriorities?D．Makesurethere’stimefortheimportantthingsEWedon’tbuildtheliveswewantbysavingtimeFEvenifwearebusy,wehavetimeforwhatmattersGAndthenweneedtobreakthesedownintodoablestepsSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)ThereisalargepercentageofAsianpeopleintheUS.They’rehard-working,respectfulbutstrangesometimes.1、Asianpeoplearedifferentfrompeopleinanyothercultures.Ifyouthinkyouknowthem,youmightwanttothinkagain.Howaretheydifferent?WhenitcomestomostAsianculture,respectiseverything.2、Ifyoudon’tshowproperrespectforhim,youwillgetsomerealconsequencesafterwardandespeciallyifhe’syourboss.It’ssomethingcalledfacesavingintheAsianculture.It’sridiculoussometimesbutit’stheirculture.Sometimestheirculturecancomeinbetweentheirrelationshipatwork.Asianpeoplemightexpectalotofrespectfromtheirco-workerswhentheirco-workersjustseethemasanequal.3、IfyoureAsian,youmightwanttounderstandtheAmericancultureandevenadapttotheircultureifyouworkwiththem.Itwillbeeasierforyousinceyoureintheircountries.ImagineanAmericaworkinginChina,expectingChineseco-workerstogetalongwithhimwhenhecriticizesthemstraightoutoneverysinglematterinfrontofeveryone,Ithinktheywilltakehimoutsideandtakecareofhim.4、Ifyou’reanAmericanbossgivingyourAsianemployeeareview,youwillseethattheywillhaveaproblemwithyournegativeremarks.Theywillthinkthatyoudontlikethem,disrespectful,andwanttogetridofthem.5、Ofcourse,it’snotfairforyouasanAmericanbossbutjustexpectthatitcanbesomethingthatisonyourAsianemployee’smind.A．Infact,yourejustdoingyourjob.B．Soyouhavenochoicebuttotrustthem..C．AmericanscannotgetalongwellwithAsians.D．Itjustdoesn’tworkthatwaywithAsianpeople.E.AmericansareverydifferentfromAsianpeople.F.YoucandoanythingyouwantbutdontdisrespectanAsianman.G.Ifyoudontunderstandtheirculture,youwillgetsomeproblemswiththem.Akiln(窑)isatypeofovenorfurnaceusedtocure,harden,orburncertainmaterials.Dependingonwhichmaterialsareheatedinit,akilnmaybesquare,tunnelshaped,orbeehiveshaped,andusuallymadeofbrickorstone.1、Itmaybesetaslowas