【高二 拓展阅读-健康】Drowning Difficult to Call for Help

Drowning:DifficulttoCallforHelpEachoneofusknowswaterthatgivesuslifeisalsocapableoftakingitawayfromusEachyearhundredsandthousandsofpeoplediebecauseofdrowning（75550）.Childrenaremoresusceptibletodrowning.So，itisimportanttokeepaneyeonthemalwaysandlookforanysignsofdrowning.Drowningisoneofthosetypesofexperiencesthatmanypeoplefearthemost，andonethatmostparentsfeartheirchildwillfallvictimto.Contrarytopopularbelief，drowningdoesn'thappenlikeitdoesinthecinema.Whilemediadepictionsoftenincludealoudviolentstruggle，thetruthisthatanasphyxiated（窒息的）personcanseldomcallforhelp.Drowningstatisticsarequitedisturbing.Thequestionis--whytherateofdeathsduetodrowningissoalarmingly（惊人的）high？Thisisexactlywhatweintendtofindoutinthislistoffoursurprisingfactsaboutdrowning.1.Aboutoneinfivepeoplewhodiefromdrowningarechildren14andyounger.Foreverychildwhodiesfromdrowning，anotherfivereceiveemergencydepartmentcarefornonfatalsubmersion（淹没）injuries.2.Drowninginsaltwaterusuallytakeslonger.Whenadrowningpersoninhalessaltwater，thesaltconcentrationinlungsincreases.Itisthenthatwaterfrombloodrushesintothelungstodilutethesaltwater.Asaresult，thebloodthickensWhenthebloodthickensheartcomesunderpressureandcausescardiacarrest（心脏停搏）.Thistakesabout8to10minutes.Thisiswhyitiseasiertorescuepeopledrowninginsaltwaterlikeseaoroceanbecauserescuersgetenoughtimetopreventcardiacarrestbyhydrating（给…供给水分）withfreshwater.3.Itisnotreallyeasytorecogniseadrowningperson.Weseeinmoviesthatadrowningpersonshoutsandyellsandcallsforhelpwhilethrowingoutarmsandlegsinallpossibledirections.THATISBOGUSANDUNTRUE！Whyisitso？Ourrespiratorysystemisdesignedtofirstbreatheandthengeneratespeech.Sospeechissecondary.Sowhenapersondrowns，hisorhermouthusuallysinksbelowthewatersurfaceandthenresurfacesinveryshortsuccessions.4.Onedoesnotneedanenormousamountofwatertodrown.Contrarytothepopularbeliefthatdrowningmeansgettingsubmergedinlargewaterbodiesdrowningcanactuallyhappeninaslittleas30mmofwater.Drowningactuallymeansapersonlyinginwateroranyliquidwithfacedownanddyingbecauseofwater（orliquid）.ReadingComprehensionChoosethecorrectanswerforeachquestion.1.Whatisthemainideaofthisarticle？A.Onedoesnotneedanenormousamountofwatertodrown.B.Thereasonwhytherateofdeathsduetodrowningissoalarminglyhigh.C.Itisnotreallyeasytorecogniseadrowningperson.D.EachyearLargenumbersofpeoplediebecauseofdrowning.2.Contrarytowhatwasdepictedinmedia,adrowningperson________.A.cancallloudforhelp.B.canstruggleviolently.C.canseldomcallforhelp.Dcansurvivebyholdinghisbreath.3.Wheredoesdrowningusuallytakelonger?A.Inthepond.B.Intheriver.C.Inthesea.D.Inthelake.4.Adrowningpersoncallingforhelpisthoughttobebogusbecause________.A.hismouthresurfacesforatimeonlylongenoughforabreath.B.hismouthsinksbelowthesurfaceofwaterandneverresurfaces.C.whathedoesisnotenoughforpeopletorecognisehim.D.whathedoesallowsenoughtimeforpeopletorescuehim.5.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Peopleonlygetdrownedinlargewaterbodies.B.Peopleonlygetdrownedwhenlyinginwater.C.Onecangetdrownedwithaverysmallamountofwater.D.Childrenaremoresusceptibletodrowning.Vocabulary基础词fearn./v.害怕，恐惧记联想记忆：f+ear（耳朵）危言耸听→害怕，恐惧搭havenothingtofearfromsth/sb不必惧怕某物/人forfearofsth/doingsth唯恐（做）某事，忧虑（做）某事withfear害怕strugglen.斗争，拼搏；努力；难事；挣扎ν.斗争；拼搏；努力；挣扎英ahardfightinwhichpeopletrytoobtainorachievesth搭thestrugglebetweengoodandevil善恶之争statisticn.[常pl.]数据；统计；统计数字；统计资料记联想记忆：stat（看作state，国家）+istic国家统计数据表明→统计数字emergencyn.突发事件；紧急情况记联想记忆：紧急情况（emergency）出现（emerge）搭anemergencymeasure一项紧急措施anemergencyoperation台急诊手术rescuen./vt.援救，营救英tosavesb/sthfromadangerousorharmfulsituation记联想记忆：res（看作rest，休息）+cue（线索）→救援人员放弃休息寻找线索→援救，营救例Survivorsofthecaraccidentwererescuedbythelocalpolicemen.车祸的生还者得到了当地警方的救援。yellvi.大叫；呼喊；吼叫n.叫声；喊声记联想记忆：ye（看作yes）+（想象成高高举起的双臂）→高举双臂，高呼“Yes”→大叫；呼喊搭yellout叫喊；吼叫sinkvi.下沉；沉没n.水池，水槽，洗碗池英to（causesthorsbto）fallormovetoalowerlevel记联想记忆：沉（sink）到墨水里（ink）enormousadj.巨大的，庞大的英extremelylarge记词根记忆：e（出）+norm（规则）+ous（···的）→超出规则的→巨大的搭faceanenormousproblem面临着一个巨大的难题Vocabulary进阶词capableadj.有能力的；能够的记词根记忆：cap（抓住）+able（能…的）→能抓得住的→有能力的搭becapableof.有…能力的，能…的susceptibleadj.易受感染的；易受影响的；过敏的；感情丰富的；能经受…的，容许…的记词根记忆：sus（表加强）+cept（抓）+ible（能…的）容易被抓住的→易受影响的搭besusceptibleto易受…的影响；对…过敏depictionn.描写，叙述例Theyobjecttothebook'sdepictionofFrenchsocietyinthe1930s.他们反对这本书对20世纪30年代法国社会的描写。intendv.想要，打算英tohaveaplanorpurposeinyourmindwhenyoudosth记词根记忆：in（使…）+tend（伸展）使（想法）伸展→想要，打算例Iintendtoprovetoyouwhythosepeoplewerewrong.我要证明给你看为什么那些人错了inhalev.吸入，吸气记词根记忆：in（进）+ha（呼吸）+e→吸进气→吸气例Sometimespeoplehavetoinhalesecondhandsmoke.有时候，人们不得不吸入二手烟。diluteadj.冲淡的，稀释的vt.冲淡，稀释；淡化，削弱英tomakealiquidweakerbymixinginsthelse记词根记忆：d（分开）+lut（冲洗）+e→（用水）冲洗开→冲淡，稀释cardiacadj.心脏的；心脏病的记词根记忆：c